INTERNET ACCESS VIA CABLE TV NETWORKS

Sibananda mahanta 0701222279 Branch-information Technology

Contents :
Introduction How to Access Internet using Cable TV Network Cable Modem Changes in Cable Network Connection Work Of Cable Modem Isolation of TV & PC How Fast is Cable Modem Real-World Performance Ethernet over Coaxial Adapter Advantages and Disadvantages Applications Conclusion

INTRODUCTION
 Internet data can be transferred through Cable networks

wired to the user computer.

 Accessing the Internet at 10 megabits per second.  A cable modem connects to a PC using the same coaxial

cable that brings all channels to your television.

 India has a cable penetration of 80 million homes, offering

a vast network for leveraging the internet access.

How to access the Internet using the Cable Network

 Use the dial-up telephone services provided by your Cable Company in conjunction with a modem or ISDN adapter.  To use a Cable modem

Cable modem and ISDN Adapter

Cable modem

ISDN Adapter

Cable Modem
 A "Cable Modem" is a device that allows high-speed access

to the Internet via a cable TV (CATV) network.

 The cable modem attaches to computer through an

Ethernet Network Interface Card.

 It takes a signal from the computer and converts it for

transmission over the cable network

Changes in the Cable Network

 The cable network was designed to deliver TV signals in

one direction from the Head-End to the subscribers homes.

 To provide TV services Cable Operators had to recreate a

portion of the over-the-air radio frequency (RF) spectrum within a sealed coaxial cable line.
 Operators had to upgrade the cable network so that signals

could flow in both directions.

Cont..

Cable Operators assign a spectrum of signal frequencies to the cable network. One spectrum is used for the signals that move from the Head-End towards the cable subscriber. Another spectrum of signal frequencies are used for the signals that move from the cable subscriber towards the Head-End. By replacing existing one way amplifiers with two way amplifiers Cable Operators are able to separate the upstream and downstream signals and amplify each direction separately in the right frequency range

How does it connect?

A Traditional Cable network

Cont..

A Modern Cable network

Cont..

 Ethernet 10BaseT is emerging as the most predominant method.

How Cable Modem Work

 Your Cable Company supplies you with a connection to your home which in turn is connected to a splitter box.

 One spur from the splitter box is connected to your TV through a TV Adapter, the other being connected to your Cable Modem, which in turn is connected to your computer through an Ethernet connection.

 Cable modems can be part modem, part tuner, part encryption / decryption device, part bridge, part router, part NIC card and part Ethernet hub.

Isolation of TV & PC
  At the connecting point the feeding of the data into the TV cable network.  The modem with an Ethernet interface.  They will be connected by means of a splitter at the system outlet of the subscriber.  The system uses the frequency range from 5 MHz until 30 MHz, which is not used from TV programs.

How fast is a Cable Modem

 Cable modem speeds vary widely Depends on the cable modem system Cable network architecture Traffic load.

 In the downstream direction (from the network to the computer), network speeds can be up to 27 Mbps BUT, this is an aggregate amount of bandwidth that is shared by users.

 Few computers will be capable of connecting at such high speeds or have exclusive access to the network A more realistic number is 1 to 3 Mbps.

Cont..

How fast is a Cable Modem

 In the upstream direction (from computer to network), speeds can be up to 10 Mbps. However, most modem producers have selected a more optimum speed between 500 Kbps and 2.5 Mbps AND, many cable operators limit the upstream bandwidth to 128 or 384kbs  An asymmetric cable modem scheme is most common. The downstream channel has a much higher bandwidth allocation (faster data rate) than the upstream,  primarily because Internet applications tend to be asymmetric in nature.

Cont..

How fast is a Cable Modem

 Activities such as World Wide Web (http) navigating

and newsgroups reading (nntp) send much more data down to the computer than to the network.
 Mouse clicks (URL requests) and e-mail messages are

not bandwidth intensive in the upstream direction.

 Image files and streaming media (audio and video) are

very bandwidth intensive in the downstream direction.

RealReal-World Performance
 The theoretical performance of a Cable Modem is based upon all other devices being able to work at the same speed and performance as the Cable Modem.  However, in a similar way that the actual usable bandwidth on a 10Mbps Ethernet connection reduces to a 4Mbps, so too will the performance of a Cable Modem connection be reduced.  The Cable network itself will suffer the same problems of Internet performance as any other Internet Service Provider (ISP).

Cont..

RealReal-World Performance
 Although performance to services on the cable network

itself can be amazingly fast, access to 'the outside world' will be slowed down by the performance of other connections on the way.
 As usage on your segment grows (as more customers are

added) the bandwidth must be shared by more people.

Support for Multiple PCs

 A cable modem can provide Internet access to multiple PCs,

if they are connected via a local area network (LAN)

 Cable modems typically have an Ethernet output, so they

can connect to the LAN with a standard Ethernet hub or router

 Each PC must have an assigned IP address

The cable ISP usually sells at a premium of $5-$10 a month per PC NAT (Network Address Translation) can allow multiple PCs to "hide" behind a single IP Address

Ethernet over Coax Adapter

Ethernet Coaxial Adapter :-

Ethernet over Coax Adapter

 The Ethernet over Coax adapter provides a simple and inexpensive way to create a reliable home network, without running CAT5 cables through your walls.  It delivers high speed internet, voice and video over coaxial cable.  Ideal for homes, apartment buildings or hotels seeking to add highspeed internet capabilities over existing coaxial TV cables.

Advantages
 High Availability  High Bandwidth to Low Coast  High Speed Data Access  Always on Connectivity

Limitation
Cable connections are not available in every neighbourhood, Because cable connections are Always on, one needs a firewall and activation of other security features so as to protect the computer

Applications
 Connect set-top boxes, personal computers, game consoles,

broadband modems etc. to your home network instantly.

 Add high-speed internet, digital voice and video access to

any room with a coaxial TV cable.

 Ideal for homes, apartment buildings or hotels seeking to

add high-speed.

Conclusion
 Cable TV has a strong reach to the homes and therefore offering the Internet through cable be a scope for furthering the growth of internet usage in the homes.

 The cable is an alternative medium for delivering the Internet Services in the US, there are a million homes with cable modems, enabling the high-speed internet access over cable

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