Arab World Competitiveness Report 2007. Part 11/11

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Part 5
Data Tables
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How to Read the Data Tables

THIERRY GEIGER, World Economic Forum
The following pages present the ranks and scores of Two types of data are used in the GCI 2007: Survey
the 13 Arab World countries included in this Report data and hard data.
on all the variables composing the updated Global
• Survey data: average responses in each country to
Competitiveness Index 2007 (GCI 2007). In addition,
questions included in the World Economic Forum’s
for the sake of comparison, 10 additional countries
Executive Opinion Survey, conducted in the early
are listed. Numbers to the left of the country names
months of 2006.
correspond to the ranks among the 128 economies
covered by the GCI 2007. • Hard data: indicators obtained from a variety of
The data are organized into nine sections, sources.
corresponding to the nine pillars of the GCI 2007:
I. Institutions Survey data

II. Infrastructure Data yielded from the World Economic Forum’s
III. Macroeconomy Executive Opinion Survey are presented in blue-colored
IV. Health and primary education bar graphs. Questions asked for responses on a scale of
V. Higher education and training 1 to 7, where an answer of 1 corresponds to the lowest
VI. Market efficiency possible score and an answer of 7 corresponds to the 205
VII. Technological readiness highest possible score. For each Survey variable, the
VIII. Business sophistication original question and the two extreme answers are
IX. Innovation shown.The average score for each country—that is, the
arithmetic mean of responses from each country—is
reported with a precision of one decimal point,
although we use exact figures to determine rankings.
For example, in the case of variable 6.16 on pay and
4: Data Tables | Institutions
1.01 1.02 productivity, Oman’s average score is 4.36956 and

Property rights Diversion of public funds
Property rights, including over financial assets (1 = are poorly defined In your country, diversion of public funds to companies, individuals,
Kuwait’s average score is 4.36190.These countries are
and not protected by law, 7 = are clearly defined and well protected or groups due to corruption (1 = is common, 7 = never occurs)
by law)
ranked 48th and 49th respectively, although they are
RANK COUNTRY SCORE 1 MEAN: 4/6 7 SD RANK COUNTRY SCORE 1 MEAN: 3.9 7 SD
both listed with the same rounded score of 4.4.
11 Singapore......................6.3 0.8 5 Norway .........................6.3 0.6
13 Norway .........................6.3 0.7 6 Singapore......................6.3 0.7
15 Japan ............................6.2 1.0 9 Oman ............................6.2 1.4
19 Oman ............................5.9 1.1 17 United Arab Emirates ...5.7 1.4
22 United States................5.8
26 India ..............................5.7
1.3
1.3
19 Qatar .............................5.6
24 Tunisia...........................5.2
1.8
1.3
A dotted line on the graph indicates the mean
36 Tunisia...........................5.4
39 Qatar .............................5.3
1.3
1.5
27 Japan ............................5.0
28 Kuwait...........................5.0
1.5
1.5
score across the sample of the 128 economies covered
43 United Arab Emirates ...5.1 1.7 29 United States................5.0 1.5
47 Jordan ...........................5.0
48 Bahrain..........................5.0
1.5
1.7
32 Jordan ...........................4.9
37 Libya .............................4.7
1.7
2.1
by the GCI 2007—not only across the countries shown
54 Turkey ...........................4.8
55 Kuwait...........................4.8
1.5
1.8
43 Syria ..............................4.4
44 Egypt ............................4.3
2.0
1.7
in the tables.
57 Morocco .......................4.8 1.9 47 Bahrain..........................4.0 1.8
58 Egypt ............................4.7 1.8 51 Turkey ...........................3.9 1.5
61 Mexico ..........................4.6 1.5 55 India ..............................3.9 1.6
8
63 Brazil .............................4.6 1.5 74 China.............................3.3 1.4
67 Algeria...........................4.5
83 China.............................4.0
2.0
1.5
77 Morocco .......................3.3
80 Algeria...........................3.2
1.7
1.7
Standard deviations are shown next to the bars
88 Syria ..............................3.8 1.9 82 Mexico ..........................3.2 1.4
95 Mauritania .....................3.7 1.5 85 Mauritania .....................3.2 1.6 representing each country’s mean score.The standard
96 Libya .............................3.7 2.1 91 Russian Federation .......3.0 1.5
117 Russian Federation .......3.2 1.5 124 Brazil .............................2.1 1.3
deviation indicates how closely or widely the individual
SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 2006 SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 2006
responses are spread around the mean country score.
In other words, it provides information on the extent
of agreement on the question within the given country.
The smaller the standard deviation, the greater the
consensus among respondents.
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Hard data
4: Data Tables | Macroeconomy 3.01 3.02 While Survey data provide qualitative information,
Government balance National savings rate
Government fiscal surplus/deficit as a percentage of GDP, 2005 or
most recent year available
National savings rate as a percentage of GDP, 2005 or most recent
year available
hard data are an objective measure of a quantity (for
example, gross domestic product, malaria incidence,
RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA
1 Kuwait ...............................36.8
1 Kuwait ...............................59.0
number of personal computers, number of procedures
2 Libya ..................................32.2
3 United Arab Emirates ........24.9
2 Qatar..................................58.4
3 Libya ..................................57.3
required to start a business, and so on).We use the latest
4 Qatar..................................19.7 4 Algeria ...............................51.2
5 Norway ..............................15.8
6 Algeria ...............................14.2
5 China .................................47.6
6 Singapore ..........................47.1
data available from international organizations (such as
7 Oman.................................10.6
9 Russian Federation..............7.5
10 Norway ..............................37.1 the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank,
10 Bahrain ................................6.2 18 Russian Federation............32.1
12 Singapore ............................6.0
57 China..................................–1.3
21 India...................................29.1
25 Bahrain ..............................27.9
various United Nations agencies, and the International
64 Mexico...............................–1.6 27 Japan .................................26.8
78 Tunisia................................–2.8
88 Brazil ..................................–3.3
29 Morocco ............................25.7
36 Oman.................................24.8
Telecommunication Union).These data are completed,
22
92 Syria...................................–3.4
104 United States.....................–4.1
50 Tunisia................................22.1
53 Brazil..................................21.8 if necessary, by national sources. In the following pages,
112 Jordan................................–5.2 58 Mexico...............................21.0
116 Morocco ............................–5.7
117 Japan .................................–5.8
61 Syria...................................20.9
69 Egypt .................................19.5
hard data variables are presented in black-shaded bar
118 Turkey ................................–5.9 77 Turkey ................................18.0
122 Mauritania..........................–6.8
125 India ...................................–7.5
102 United States.....................13.6
119 Mauritania..........................10.0
graphs. A detailed description and full source for each
127 Egypt ...............................–10.5 124 Jordan..................................5.6
variable can be found in the Technical Notes and
SOURCE: IMF, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2006) SOURCE: IMF, World Economic Outlook April 2006, published version
Sources section at the end of this Report.

When data are not available or are too old, “n/a”
is used in lieu of the rank and the value.
In the case of hard data, true ties between two or
more countries are possible. In such cases, shared rankings
are indicated accordingly. For example, the number of
procedures required to start a business—12—is the same
in Syria and the United Arab Emirates. As a result, the
two are listed with the same rank in Table 6.04.
206
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List of Data Tables

List of Data Tables
Section I: Institutions Section VI: Market efficiency

1.01 Property rights...............................................................210 6.01 Agricultural policy costs ................................................240
1.02 Diversion of public funds ..............................................210 6.02 Efficiency of legal framework .......................................240
1.03 Public trust of politicians ...............................................211 6.03 Extent and effect of taxation ........................................241
1.04 Judicial independence...................................................211 6.04 Number of procedures required to start a
1.05 Favoritism in decisions of government officials............212 business (hard data) ......................................................241
1.06 Government spending ..................................................212 6.05 Time required to start a business (hard data) ...............242
1.07 Burden of government regulation .................................213 6.06 Intensity of local competition........................................242
1.08 Business costs of terrorism ..........................................213 6.07 Effectiveness of antitrust policy....................................243
1.09 Reliability of police services ..........................................214 6.08 Imports (hard data)........................................................243
1.10 Business costs of crime and violence ..........................214 6.09 Prevalence of trade barriers ..........................................244
1.11 Organized crime ............................................................215 6.10 Prevalence of foreign ownership ..................................244
1.12 Ethical behavior of firms ...............................................215 6.11 Exports (hard data) ........................................................245
1.13 Efficacy of corporate boards .........................................216 6.12 Hiring and firing practices .............................................245
1.14 Protection of minority shareholders’ interests..............216 6.13 Flexibility of wage determination ..................................246
1.15 Strength of auditing and accounting standards ............217 6.14 Cooperation in labor-employer relations ......................246
6.15 Reliance on professional management.........................247
6.16 Pay and productivity......................................................247
Section II: Infrastructure 6.17 Brain drain .....................................................................248
2.01 Overall infrastructure quality .........................................220 6.18 Private-sector employment of women .........................248
2.02 Railroad infrastructure ...................................................220 6.19 Financial market sophistication .....................................249 207
2.03 Quality of port infrastructure.........................................221 6.20 Ease of access to loans ................................................249
2.04 Air transport infrastructure quality ................................221 6.21 Venture capital availability .............................................250
2.05 Quality of electricity supply...........................................222 6.22 Soundness of banks......................................................250
2.06 Telephone lines (hard data) ...........................................222 6.23 Local equity market access ..........................................251
Section III: Macroeconomy Section VII: Technological readiness

3.01 Government balance (hard data) ...................................224 7.01 Technological readiness ................................................254
3.02 National savings rate (hard data)...................................224 7.02 Firm-level technology absorption ..................................254
3.03 Inflation (hard data) .......................................................225 7.03 Laws relating to ICT ......................................................255
3.04 Interest rate spread (hard data).....................................225 7.04 FDI and technology transfer .........................................255
3.05 Government debt (hard data) ........................................226 7.05 Mobile telephone subscribers (hard data).....................256
3.06 Real effective exchange rate (hard data) ......................226 7.06 Internet users (hard data)..............................................256
7.07 Personal computers (hard data) ....................................257
Section IV: Health and primary education

4.01 Business impact of malaria ...........................................228 Section VIII: Business sophistication
4.02 Business impact of tuberculosis ...................................228 8.01 Local supplier quantity ..................................................260
4.03 Business impact of HIV/AIDS .......................................229 8.02 Local supplier quality.....................................................260
4.04 Infant mortality (hard data) ............................................229 8.03 Production process sophistication ................................261
4.05 Life expectancy (hard data) ...........................................230 8.04 Extent of marketing ......................................................261
4.06 Tuberculosis prevalence (hard data)..............................230 8.05 Control of international distribution...............................262
4.07 Malaria prevalence (hard data) ......................................231 8.06 Willingness to delegate authority .................................262
4.08 HIV prevalence (hard data) ............................................231 8.07 Nature of competitive advantage..................................263
4.09 Primary enrollment (hard data)......................................232 8.08 Value chain presence ....................................................263
Section V: Higher education and training Section IX: Innovation

5.01 Secondary enrollment (hard data) .................................234 9.01 Quality of scientific research institutions......................266
5.02 Tertiary enrollment (hard data) ......................................234 9.02 Company spending on research and development ......266
5.03 Quality of the educational system ................................235 9.03 University-industry research collaboration ....................267
5.04 Quality of math and science education ........................235 9.04 Government procurement of advanced
5.05 Quality of management schools ...................................236 technology products .....................................................267
5.06 Local availability of specialized research 9.05 Availability of scientists and engineers .........................268
and training services .....................................................236 9.06 Utility patents (hard data) ..............................................268
5.07 Extent of staff training .................................................237 9.07 Intellectual property protection .....................................269
9.08 Capacity for innovation..................................................269
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Data Tables
Section I
Institutions
209
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1.01 1.02
Property rights Diversion of public funds
Property rights, including over financial assets (1 = are poorly defined In your country, diversion of public funds to companies, individuals,
and not protected by law, 7 = are clearly defined and well protected or groups due to corruption (1 = is common, 7 = never occurs)
by law)
RANK COUNTRY SCORE 1 MEAN: 4.6 7 SD RANK COUNTRY SCORE 1 MEAN: 3.9 7 SD

15 Japan ............................6.2 1.0 9 Oman ............................6.2 1.4
22 United States................5.8 1.3 19 Qatar .............................5.6 1.8
26 India ..............................5.7 1.3 24 Tunisia...........................5.2 1.3
36 Tunisia...........................5.4 1.3 27 Japan ............................5.0 1.5
39 Qatar .............................5.3 1.5 28 Kuwait...........................5.0 1.5
43 United Arab Emirates ...5.1 1.7 29 United States................5.0 1.5
47 Jordan ...........................5.0 1.5 32 Jordan ...........................4.9 1.7
48 Bahrain..........................5.0 1.7 37 Libya .............................4.7 2.1
54 Turkey ...........................4.8 1.5 43 Syria ..............................4.4 2.0
55 Kuwait...........................4.8 1.8 44 Egypt ............................4.3 1.7
57 Morocco .......................4.8 1.9 47 Bahrain..........................4.0 1.8
58 Egypt ............................4.7 1.8 51 Turkey ...........................3.9 1.5
61 Mexico ..........................4.6 1.5 55 India ..............................3.9 1.6
210
63 Brazil .............................4.6 1.5 74 China.............................3.3 1.4
67 Algeria...........................4.5 2.0 77 Morocco .......................3.3 1.7
83 China.............................4.0 1.5 80 Algeria...........................3.2 1.7
88 Syria ..............................3.8 1.9 82 Mexico ..........................3.2 1.4
95 Mauritania .....................3.7 1.5 85 Mauritania .....................3.2 1.6
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1.03 1.04

Public trust of politicians Judicial independence
Public trust in the financial honesty of politicians is (1 = very low, Is the judiciary in your country independent from political influences
7 = very high) of members of government, citizens, or firms? (1 = no, heavily
influenced, 7 = yes, entirely independent)

7 Norway .........................5.3 1.2 14 India ..............................5.9 1.3
9 United Arab Emirates ...5.2 1.6 20 Qatar .............................5.6 1.4
11 Qatar .............................5.0 1.3 22 Japan ............................5.6 1.5
13 Tunisia...........................4.6 1.4 29 Singapore......................5.2 1.6
18 Oman ............................4.2 1.7 31 Kuwait...........................5.2 1.8
25 United States................3.5 1.6 34 Tunisia...........................5.1 1.4
26 Japan ............................3.5 1.5 36 United States................5.0 1.6
32 Jordan ...........................3.2 1.4 38 Jordan ...........................4.9 1.7
44 Kuwait...........................2.9 1.6 39 Oman ............................4.8 1.4
46 China.............................2.8 1.5 40 Egypt ............................4.8 1.9
47 Algeria...........................2.8 1.3 41 United Arab Emirates ...4.8 1.7
48 Bahrain..........................2.7 1.4 50 Libya .............................4.2 2.3
51 Egypt ............................2.7 1.6 52 Turkey ...........................4.2 1.6
52 Turkey ...........................2.7 1.3 60 Mauritania .....................3.8 1.7
53 Morocco .......................2.7 1.4 65 Algeria...........................3.7 1.7
211
58 Mauritania .....................2.5 1.6 69 Mexico ..........................3.6 1.6
60 India ..............................2.4 1.1 76 Bahrain..........................3.4 2.0
63 Syria ..............................2.4 1.4 77 Morocco .......................3.4 1.9
80 Libya .............................2.1 1.5 80 China.............................3.4 1.8
88 Mexico ..........................2.0 1.0 88 Syria ..............................3.0 1.8
122 Brazil .............................1.4 0.8 113 Russian Federation .......2.3 1.4
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1.05 1.06
Favoritism in decisions of government officials Government spending
When deciding upon policies and contracts, government officials Public spending in your country (1 = is wasteful, 7 = provides
(1 = usually favor well-connected firms and individuals, 7 = are neutral) necessary goods and services not provided by the market)
5 Singapore......................5.1 1.4 1 Singapore......................5.9 0.7

7 Norway .........................5.0 1.1 3 Tunisia...........................5.3 1.0
10 Tunisia...........................4.7 1.2 4 Qatar .............................5.2 1.4
13 Qatar .............................4.5 1.8 12 Norway .........................4.7 1.1
18 Japan ............................4.3 1.6 14 Oman ............................4.7 1.4
25 Algeria...........................3.9 1.9 28 United States................3.9 1.5
27 United Arab Emirates ...3.9 1.7 31 Bahrain..........................3.7 1.4
36 Mauritania .....................3.6 2.1 36 Algeria...........................3.7 1.8
38 India ..............................3.6 1.3 37 Jordan ...........................3.7 1.3
40 United States................3.5 1.5 42 India ..............................3.6 1.2
46 Jordan ...........................3.3 1.7 47 Mexico ..........................3.4 1.2
48 Egypt ............................3.2 1.5 52 Morocco .......................3.4 1.5
51 Libya .............................3.2 1.7 54 China.............................3.3 1.6
52 Turkey ...........................3.2 1.3 55 Kuwait...........................3.3 1.5
53 Morocco .......................3.2 1.6 59 Turkey ...........................3.3 1.3
212
56 Bahrain..........................3.1 1.5 64 Egypt ............................3.2 1.6
62 China.............................3.0 1.6 72 Libya .............................3.0 1.6
72 Syria ..............................2.9 1.3 76 Japan ............................3.0 1.5
78 Kuwait...........................2.8 1.5 78 Syria ..............................3.0 1.5
88 Mexico ..........................2.7 1.1 100 Russian Federation .......2.6 1.3
90 Brazil .............................2.7 1.4 108 Mauritania .....................2.5 1.5
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1.07 1.08

Burden of government regulation Business costs of terrorism
Complying with administrative requirements (permits, regulations, The threat of terrorism in your country (1 = imposes significant costs
reporting) issued by the government in your country is on business, 7 = does not impose significant costs on business)
(1 = burdensome, 7 = not burdensome)
2 Singapore......................5.1 1.3 3 Brazil .............................6.2 1.5

6 Mauritania .....................4.6 2.2 14 Oman ............................5.9 1.7
8 United Arab Emirates ...4.3 1.6 16 Tunisia...........................5.9 1.4
11 Tunisia...........................4.2 1.4 19 Libya .............................5.8 2.0
16 Qatar .............................3.9 1.4 29 Syria ..............................5.7 1.8
20 Norway .........................3.8 1.4 40 Mauritania .....................5.4 2.1
24 Jordan ...........................3.6 1.4 45 United Arab Emirates ...5.4 1.6
25 Japan ............................3.6 1.3 49 Norway .........................5.3 1.8
32 Bahrain..........................3.4 1.7 54 Mexico ..........................5.3 1.7
35 China.............................3.4 1.4 74 Kuwait...........................5.1 1.7
37 Oman ............................3.4 2.2 80 Singapore......................5.0 1.5
48 Morocco .......................3.1 1.6 87 India ..............................4.8 1.6
63 Algeria...........................3.0 1.5 91 Morocco .......................4.7 1.8
65 Turkey ...........................3.0 1.1 93 Turkey ...........................4.6 1.7
68 India ..............................2.9 1.4 99 Jordan ...........................4.4 1.8
213
73 Kuwait...........................2.9 1.6 100 Japan ............................4.4 1.7
74 Egypt ............................2.9 1.6 102 Bahrain..........................4.3 1.9
86 Syria ..............................2.7 1.4 105 Egypt ............................4.3 2.2
99 Libya .............................2.6 1.6 107 China.............................4.2 1.7
119 Russian Federation .......2.2 1.3 114 United States................3.8 1.7
127 Brazil .............................1.9 1.1 118 Algeria...........................3.7 2.2
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1.09 1.10
Reliability of police services Business costs of crime and violence
Police services (1 = cannot be relied upon to protect businesses The incidence of common crime and violence (e.g., street muggings,
from criminals, 7 = can be relied upon to protect businesses from firms being looted) (1 = imposes significant costs on businesses,
criminals) 7 = does not impose significant costs on businesses)
3 Oman ............................6.5 1.0 3 Oman ............................6.7 0.7

8 Norway .........................6.2 0.9 10 Norway .........................6.4 0.8
11 Jordan ...........................6.0 1.2 11 Jordan ...........................6.2 0.8
12 United Arab Emirates ...5.9 1.3 12 United Arab Emirates ...6.2 1.5
17 United States................5.7 1.4 13 Japan ............................6.1 1.2
18 Japan ............................5.7 1.2 14 Qatar .............................6.0 1.4
22 Qatar .............................5.5 1.6 20 Syria ..............................5.8 1.5
25 Tunisia...........................5.5 1.3 22 Kuwait...........................5.6 1.6
27 Kuwait...........................5.4 1.4 23 Tunisia...........................5.6 1.4
34 Algeria...........................5.1 1.5 25 Libya .............................5.6 1.7
36 Morocco .......................5.0 1.7 27 India ..............................5.6 1.5
46 Syria ..............................4.5 2.0 45 United States................5.0 1.6
47 Egypt ............................4.5 1.8 47 Morocco .......................5.0 1.8
49 Turkey ...........................4.5 1.4 50 Bahrain..........................4.9 1.7
50 India ..............................4.5 1.5 51 Egypt ............................4.8 1.8
214
56 Bahrain..........................4.4 2.0 54 Turkey ...........................4.7 1.6
66 Libya .............................4.1 2.1 73 China.............................4.0 1.7
67 China.............................4.0 1.5 83 Algeria...........................3.8 2.0
111 Brazil .............................2.9 1.5 120 Mexico ..........................2.4 1.2
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1.11 1.12

Organized crime Ethical behavior of firms
Organized crime (mafia-oriented racketeering, extortion) in your The corporate ethics (ethical behavior in interactions with public
country (1 = imposes significant costs on businesses, 7 = does not officials, politicians, and other enterprises) of firms in your country
impose significant costs on businesses) are (1 = among the world’s worst, 7 = among the best in the world)
3 Oman ............................6.7 0.7 6 Singapore......................6.2 0.8

6 Jordan ...........................6.5 0.9 19 Japan ............................5.6 1.1
9 Norway .........................6.5 0.7 21 United States................5.5 1.3
10 Libya .............................6.5 1.0 22 Oman ............................5.5 1.3
14 Kuwait...........................6.3 1.1 26 United Arab Emirates ...5.1 1.3
19 Qatar .............................6.2 1.3 32 Qatar .............................4.8 1.3
20 Syria ..............................6.2 1.5 34 Kuwait...........................4.8 1.1
21 Bahrain..........................6.1 1.4 42 Bahrain..........................4.6 1.2
30 Egypt ............................5.8 1.7 43 Mexico ..........................4.6 1.3
42 Tunisia...........................5.5 1.6 44 Jordan ...........................4.5 1.2
46 Japan ............................5.4 1.5 46 India ..............................4.5 1.1
47 India ..............................5.4 1.4 48 Turkey ...........................4.4 1.2
49 Morocco .......................5.3 1.7 50 Egypt ............................4.4 1.2
58 United States................5.0 1.5 58 Syria ..............................4.2 1.4
215
63 Mauritania .....................4.9 1.6 69 Libya .............................4.1 1.5
70 Algeria...........................4.7 1.8 70 Algeria...........................4.1 1.3
73 Turkey ...........................4.6 1.5 73 Mauritania .....................4.0 1.5
95 China.............................3.8 1.7 96 Morocco .......................3.7 1.4
113 Brazil .............................3.3 1.7 107 China.............................3.5 1.3
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1.13 1.14
Efficacy of corporate boards Protection of minority shareholders’ interests
Corporate governance by investors and boards of directors in your Interests of minority shareholders in your country are (1 = not
country is characterized by (1 = management has little accountability, protected by law and seldom recognized by majority shareholders,
7 = investors and boards exert strong supervision of management 7 = protected by law and actively enforced)
decisions)
13 Norway .........................5.5 0.7 12 Norway .........................5.7 1.2

15 United States................5.5 1.3 13 India ..............................5.6 1.1
16 Singapore......................5.4 1.0 16 United States................5.6 1.3
27 Oman ............................5.2 0.9 19 Tunisia...........................5.5 1.5
28 India ..............................5.1 1.1 22 Singapore......................5.4 1.1
31 Japan ............................5.1 1.1 23 Oman ............................5.3 1.0
32 Qatar .............................5.1 1.4 27 Qatar .............................5.2 1.4
38 Russian Federation .......4.9 1.5 32 Japan ............................5.0 1.3
51 Mexico ..........................4.7 1.2 38 Algeria...........................4.9 1.7
58 Tunisia...........................4.6 1.6 40 Bahrain..........................4.8 1.8
61 United Arab Emirates ...4.5 1.4 44 Jordan ...........................4.8 1.6
66 Brazil .............................4.5 1.3 45 Brazil .............................4.7 1.5
72 Jordan ...........................4.4 1.4 54 United Arab Emirates ...4.6 1.7
74 Bahrain..........................4.4 1.4 55 Mexico ..........................4.6 1.4
80 Egypt ............................4.3 1.7 59 Turkey ...........................4.5 1.6
84 Turkey ...........................4.3 1.2 61 Egypt ............................4.4 1.8
216
92 Mauritania .....................4.2 1.6 64 Morocco .......................4.4 1.9
94 Kuwait...........................4.1 1.6 66 Kuwait...........................4.4 1.8
102 Morocco .......................4.0 1.7 68 Mauritania .....................4.2 1.4
107 Algeria...........................3.9 1.6 76 Libya .............................4.1 2.0
118 Syria ..............................3.8 1.7 92 Syria ..............................3.9 1.8
121 China.............................3.7 1.5 116 China.............................3.3 1.5
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1.15

Strength of auditing and accounting standards
Financial auditing and reporting standards regarding company
financial performance in your country are (1 = extremely weak,
7 = extremely strong—the best in the world)
RANK COUNTRY SCORE 1 MEAN: 4.7 7 SD
18 Norway .........................6.0 0.6

19 Singapore......................6.0 0.6
21 India ..............................6.0 0.9
22 United States................5.9 1.1
28 Bahrain..........................5.6 0.8
31 Japan ............................5.5 1.0
32 Oman ............................5.5 1.0
36 Kuwait...........................5.4 1.2
37 United Arab Emirates ...5.3 1.2
41 Qatar .............................5.3 1.3
48 Jordan ...........................5.1 1.1
50 Tunisia...........................5.1 0.9
61 Turkey ...........................4.8 1.1
62 Brazil .............................4.8 1.4
64 Mexico ..........................4.7 1.1
72 Egypt ............................4.5 1.6
217
88 Morocco .......................4.0 1.5
89 Russian Federation .......4.0 1.3
102 Algeria...........................3.7 1.5
109 China.............................3.6 1.4
116 Libya .............................3.4 1.8
119 Mauritania .....................3.3 1.5
124 Syria ..............................3.2 1.6
SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 2006

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Data Tables
Section II
Infrastructure
219
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5: Data Tables | Infrastructure

2.01 2.02
Overall infrastructure quality Railroad infrastructure
General infrastructure in your country is (1 = underdeveloped, Railroads in your country are (1 = underdeveloped, 7 = as extensive
7 = as extensive and efficient as the world’s best) and efficient as the world’s best)
2 Singapore......................6.6 0.5 2 Japan ............................6.6 0.9

8 Japan ............................6.3 1.1 9 Singapore......................5.7 1.3
11 United States................6.1 1.2 15 United States................5.1 1.5
14 United Arab Emirates ...5.9 1.1 21 India ..............................4.7 1.3
20 Norway .........................5.5 1.0 24 Norway .........................4.4 1.2
22 Oman ............................5.4 0.8 25 Tunisia...........................4.4 1.3
32 Bahrain..........................4.9 1.3 30 Russian Federation .......3.9 1.6
33 Kuwait...........................4.9 1.4 33 China.............................3.8 1.4
37 Tunisia...........................4.7 1.2 47 Egypt ............................3.3 1.6
40 Jordan ...........................4.6 1.1 50 Morocco .......................3.1 1.6
45 Qatar .............................4.4 1.5 60 Qatar .............................2.6 2.2
57 Egypt ............................3.8 1.5 61 Syria ..............................2.5 1.4
60 Morocco .......................3.7 1.6 66 Mexico ..........................2.4 1.1
61 Mexico ..........................3.6 1.1 68 Turkey ...........................2.3 1.1
65 Turkey ...........................3.5 1.1 73 Algeria...........................2.0 0.9
66 China.............................3.4 1.4 74 United Arab Emirates ...2.0 1.8
220
70 India ..............................3.3 1.3 76 Jordan ...........................2.0 1.2
72 Algeria...........................3.1 1.2 80 Kuwait...........................1.9 1.5
74 Syria ..............................3.1 1.3 81 Mauritania .....................1.8 1.2
81 Brazil .............................2.9 1.3 82 Brazil .............................1.8 1.1
87 Russian Federation .......2.7 1.2 93 Bahrain..........................1.6 1.2
109 Libya .............................2.2 1.4 108 Oman ............................1.4 1.3
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2.03 2.04
5: Data Tables | Infrastructure

Quality of port infrastructure Air transport infrastructure quality
Port facilities and inland waterways in your country are Passenger air transport in your country is (1 = infrequent, limited, and
(1 = underdeveloped, 7 = as developed as the world’s best) inefficient, 7 = as frequent, extensive, and efficient as the world’s best)

8 Japan ............................6.0 0.8 7 United Arab Emirates ...6.5 1.3
9 United Arab Emirates ...6.0 1.3 8 Japan ............................6.4 0.8
17 Norway .........................5.6 0.9 19 Norway .........................5.9 0.9
26 Bahrain..........................5.3 1.1 35 Qatar .............................5.4 1.5
28 Oman ............................5.1 1.2 37 Bahrain..........................5.4 1.1
35 Tunisia...........................4.8 1.1 41 Oman ............................5.2 1.0
43 Qatar .............................4.5 1.5 47 India ..............................5.1 1.4
48 Kuwait...........................4.2 1.5 48 Kuwait...........................5.0 1.5
50 Jordan ...........................4.0 1.3 49 Jordan ...........................5.0 1.3
54 Morocco .......................3.8 1.6 50 Tunisia...........................5.0 1.1
56 China.............................3.7 1.3 55 Turkey ...........................4.7 1.3
62 Egypt ............................3.5 1.6 56 Mexico ..........................4.7 1.2
62 India ..............................3.5 1.4 57 Egypt ............................4.7 1.6
65 Mexico ..........................3.4 1.2 58 Brazil .............................4.6 1.4
221
66 Russian Federation .......3.4 1.4 66 Morocco .......................4.5 1.6
77 Turkey ...........................3.1 1.3 70 Russian Federation .......4.3 1.4
79 Algeria...........................3.1 1.3 89 Syria ..............................3.7 1.5
84 Syria ..............................2.9 1.4 91 China.............................3.7 1.3
90 Brazil .............................2.7 1.4 93 Algeria...........................3.5 1.3
105 Libya .............................2.3 1.4 121 Mauritania .....................2.5 1.4
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Data Tables | Infrastructure

2.05 2.06
Quality of electricity supply Telephone lines
The quality of electricity supply in your country (lack of interruptions Main telephone lines per 100 inhabitants, 2005
and lack of voltage fluctuations) is (1 = worse than in most other
countries, 7 = meets the highest standards in the world)
RANK COUNTRY SCORE 1 MEAN: 4.5 7 SD RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA
3 Japan ............................6.9 0.7 6 United States.....................60.6

11 Singapore......................6.6 0.6 21 Norway ..............................46.1
13 United Arab Emirates ...6.6 0.6 23 Japan .................................45.9
15 Norway .........................6.6 0.6 25 Singapore ..........................43.5
19 Kuwait...........................6.3 0.9 44 Russian Federation............27.9
20 United States................6.3 1.1 45 United Arab Emirates ........27.5
28 Oman ............................6.1 0.8 46 Bahrain ..............................27.0
35 Jordan ...........................5.6 1.0 47 China .................................26.6
39 Tunisia...........................5.5 1.1 48 Qatar..................................26.4
42 Bahrain..........................5.4 1.2 50 Turkey ................................25.9
44 Qatar .............................5.4 1.7 55 Brazil..................................23.0
53 Morocco .......................5.0 1.5 62 Kuwait ...............................19.0
54 Egypt ............................5.0 1.3 64 Mexico...............................18.2
57 Brazil .............................5.0 1.4 69 Syria...................................15.2
70 Algeria...........................4.2 1.6 73 Egypt .................................14.0
72 Turkey ...........................4.1 1.3 75 Libya ..................................13.6
222
74 Mexico ..........................4.1 1.5 80 Tunisia................................12.5
78 Libya .............................4.0 1.6 81 Jordan................................11.4
80 Syria ..............................4.0 1.5 83 Oman.................................10.3
82 China.............................3.9 1.4 90 Algeria .................................7.8
85 Russian Federation .......3.8 1.7 99 India.....................................4.5
100 India ..............................3.1 1.4 100 Morocco ..............................4.4
106 Mauritania .....................3.0 1.5 109 Mauritania............................1.3
SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 2006 SOURCE: International Telecommunication Union, World
Telecommunication Indicators 2006
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 223
Data Tables
Section III
Macroeconomy
223
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5: Data Tables | Macroeconomy

3.01 3.02
Government balance National savings rate
Government fiscal surplus/deficit as a percentage of GDP, 2005 or National savings rate as a percentage of GDP, 2005 or most recent
most recent year available year available
RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA
1 Kuwait ...............................36.8 1 Kuwait ...............................59.0

2 Libya ..................................32.2 2 Qatar..................................58.4
3 United Arab Emirates ........24.9 3 Libya ..................................57.3
4 Qatar..................................19.7 4 Algeria ...............................51.2
5 Norway ..............................15.8 5 China .................................47.6
6 Algeria ...............................14.2 6 Singapore ..........................47.1
7 Oman.................................10.6 8 United Arab Emirates ........44.5
9 Russian Federation..............7.5 10 Norway ..............................37.1
10 Bahrain ................................6.2 18 Russian Federation............32.1
12 Singapore ............................6.0 21 India...................................29.1
57 China..................................–1.3 25 Bahrain ..............................27.9
64 Mexico...............................–1.6 27 Japan .................................26.8
78 Tunisia................................–2.8 29 Morocco ............................25.7
88 Brazil ..................................–3.3 36 Oman.................................24.8
92 Syria...................................–3.4 50 Tunisia................................22.1
104 United States.....................–4.1 53 Brazil..................................21.8
224
112 Jordan................................–5.2 58 Mexico...............................21.0
116 Morocco ............................–5.7 61 Syria...................................20.9
117 Japan .................................–5.8 69 Egypt .................................19.5
118 Turkey ................................–5.9 77 Turkey ................................18.0
122 Mauritania..........................–6.8 102 United States.....................13.6
125 India ...................................–7.5 119 Mauritania..........................10.0
127 Egypt ...............................–10.5 124 Jordan..................................5.6
SOURCE: IMF, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2006) SOURCE: IMF, World Economic Outlook April 2006, published version
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 225
3.03 3.04

Inflation Interest rate spread
Annual percent change in consumer price index, average for 2005 Average interest rate spread, 2005
1 Japan .................................–0.3 2 Japan ...................................1.4

2 Singapore ............................0.5 9 Norway ................................2.2
8 Morocco ..............................1.0 13 Libya ....................................2.5
13 Algeria .................................1.6 16 United States.......................2.7
13 Norway ................................1.6 22 Tunisia..................................3.0
16 China ...................................1.8 24 Syria.....................................3.1
19 Oman...................................1.9 27 China ...................................3.3
22 Tunisia..................................2.0 36 Oman...................................3.7
34 Libya ....................................2.5 40 Qatar....................................4.0
39 Bahrain ................................2.6 42 Kuwait .................................4.0
47 Qatar....................................3.0 44 United Arab Emirates ..........4.1
53 United States.......................3.4 53 Jordan..................................4.7
56 Jordan..................................3.5 54 India.....................................4.8
60 Kuwait .................................3.9 57 Singapore ............................4.9
61 Mexico.................................4.0 63 Turkey ..................................5.6
65 India.....................................4.2 67 Egypt ...................................5.9
225
80 United Arab Emirates ..........6.0 73 Algeria .................................6.3
85 Brazil....................................6.9 74 Mexico.................................6.4
90 Syria.....................................7.2 77 Russian Federation..............6.7
97 Turkey ..................................8.2 80 Bahrain ................................7.1
112 Egypt .................................11.4 87 Morocco ..............................8.0
114 Mauritania..........................12.1 121 Brazil..................................37.8
117 Russian Federation............12.6 n/a Mauritania............................n/a
SOURCE: IMF, World Economic Outlook Database (April 2006) SOURCE: IMF, International Financial Statistics; Economist Intelligence
Unit, CountryData Database (June 2006)
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3.05 3.06
Government debt Real effective exchange rate
Net domestic and external debt contracted by the government in Real effective exchange rate 2005 relative to the 1997–2004 average
percent of GDP, 2005
2 Libya ....................................1.2 1 Libya ................................–68.2

8 United Arab Emirates ..........8.4 5 Egypt ...............................–29.0
10 Oman.................................11.0 13 Algeria..............................–16.5
12 Kuwait ...............................13.0 16 Oman...............................–14.9
13 Russian Federation............14.2 20 Tunisia..............................–12.4
23 China .................................22.3 21 Syria.................................–12.4
25 Qatar..................................24.5 24 Japan ...............................–10.0
28 Algeria ...............................28.5 25 Bahrain...............................–9.8
47 Mexico...............................43.8 29 Singapore...........................–8.4
53 Norway ..............................46.4 32 China..................................–7.5
70 Tunisia................................56.9 38 United States.....................–6.1
73 Syria...................................59.9 40 Jordan................................–5.8
76 United States.....................62.9 41 United Arab Emirates ........–5.6
85 Morocco ............................70.0 43 Kuwait................................–4.9
86 Brazil..................................71.4 45 Morocco ............................–4.7
89 Turkey ................................72.8 46 Mauritania..........................–4.6
226
91 India...................................83.8 61 Mexico.................................0.1
93 Jordan................................86.2 62 Brazil....................................0.2
100 Singapore ..........................99.6 73 Qatar....................................2.1
104 Egypt ...............................108.2 81 India.....................................4.5
106 Mauritania........................109.3 85 Norway ................................5.2
111 Japan ...............................175.5 119 Russian Federation............21.8
n/a Bahrain.................................n/a 120 Turkey ................................22.1
SOURCE: IMF SOURCE: IMF, Information Notice Systems Database (June 2006)
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 227
Data Tables
Section IV
Health and primary education
227
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4.01 4.02
5: Data Tables | Health and primary education
Business impact of malaria Business impact of tuberculosis

How serious do you consider the future impact of malaria on your How serious do you consider the future impact of tuberculosis
company in the next 5 years? (1 = extremely serious, 7 = not a on your company in the next 5 years? (1 = extremely serious,
problem) 7 = not a problem)
3 Norway .........................6.9 0.5 5 Norway .........................6.8 0.7

7 Bahrain..........................6.8 0.5 18 Kuwait...........................6.5 1.2
28 Turkey ...........................6.6 0.8 24 Turkey ...........................6.5 0.9
32 Jordan ...........................6.6 0.8 27 Tunisia...........................6.4 0.8
34 Kuwait...........................6.6 1.1 31 Jordan ...........................6.4 1.0
35 Tunisia...........................6.6 0.6 32 Syria ..............................6.4 1.4
43 Syria ..............................6.4 1.4 40 Mexico ..........................6.3 1.1
46 Japan ............................6.4 1.1 41 Brazil .............................6.2 1.3
47 Mexico ..........................6.4 1.1 42 United Arab Emirates ...6.2 1.2
48 Oman ............................6.4 1.3 44 Oman ............................6.2 1.1
50 Russian Federation .......6.3 1.3 45 Qatar .............................6.2 1.1
55 Brazil .............................6.2 1.2 46 Japan ............................6.2 1.3
56 Qatar .............................6.2 1.2 48 Singapore......................6.2 1.2
59 Egypt ............................6.2 1.6 49 United States................6.1 1.3
64 United States................6.1 1.4 58 Egypt ............................5.9 1.8
228
65 Algeria...........................6.1 1.8 64 Algeria...........................5.8 1.8
66 Morocco .......................6.0 1.7 68 Morocco .......................5.7 1.9
67 Singapore......................6.0 1.2 69 Russian Federation .......5.7 1.6
74 Libya .............................5.9 2.0 78 China.............................5.5 1.6
87 India ..............................5.5 1.5 83 Libya .............................5.5 2.2
89 China.............................5.5 1.6 85 India ..............................5.4 1.6
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 229
4.03 4.04

Business impact of HIV/AIDS Infant mortality
How serious do you consider the future impact of HIV/AIDS on your Infant (children aged 0–12 months) mortality per 1,000 live births, 2004
company in the next 5 years? (1 = extremely serious, 7 = not a problem)
1 Norway .........................6.6 0.7 1 Singapore ............................2.0

9 Turkey ...........................6.3 1.1 3 Japan ...................................3.0
12 Tunisia...........................6.3 0.9 3 Norway ................................3.0
14 Oman ............................6.3 1.1 32 United States.......................6.0
20 Kuwait...........................6.1 1.5 35 United Arab Emirates ..........7.0
23 Jordan ...........................6.1 1.2 41 Bahrain ................................9.0
24 Syria ..............................6.0 1.7 43 Kuwait ...............................10.0
26 Qatar .............................6.0 1.2 43 Oman.................................10.0
29 Bahrain..........................5.9 1.3 43 Qatar..................................10.0
38 Singapore......................5.7 1.2 53 Russian Federation............13.0
41 Japan ............................5.7 1.5 58 Libya ..................................15.0
46 United Arab Emirates ...5.6 1.6 58 Syria...................................15.0
49 Russian Federation .......5.6 1.7 70 Tunisia................................21.0
50 Brazil .............................5.6 1.5 72 Jordan................................23.0
53 Egypt ............................5.6 2.0 72 Mexico...............................23.0
58 Algeria...........................5.3 2.1 78 China .................................26.0
229
60 Mexico ..........................5.3 1.4 78 Egypt .................................26.0
65 China.............................5.2 1.8 82 Turkey ................................28.0
73 United States................5.1 1.7 88 Brazil..................................32.0
81 Morocco .......................4.6 2.2 90 Algeria ...............................35.0
82 Libya .............................4.6 2.3 91 Morocco ............................38.0
98 India ..............................4.0 1.9 102 India...................................62.0
106 Mauritania .....................3.4 2.1 108 Mauritania..........................78.0
SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 2006 SOURCE: World Health Organization, World Health Statistics 2006
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 230
4.05 4.06
Life expectancy Tuberculosis prevalence

Life expectancy at birth (years), 2004 Estimated number of tuberculosis cases per 100,000 inhabitants, 2004
1 Japan .................................82.0 3 United States.......................3.6

8 Norway ..............................80.0 4 Norway ................................4.1
8 Singapore ..........................80.0 8 Jordan..................................5.0
24 United States.....................78.0 28 Oman.................................12.4
29 Kuwait ...............................77.0 34 Libya ..................................20.0
29 United Arab Emirates ........77.0 36 Tunisia................................24.0
36 Qatar..................................76.0 37 United Arab Emirates ........25.9
45 Bahrain ..............................74.0 39 Kuwait ...............................29.8
45 Mexico...............................74.0 45 Egypt .................................34.9
45 Oman.................................74.0 47 Japan .................................39.4
54 China .................................72.0 48 Singapore ..........................40.8
54 Libya ..................................72.0 49 Mexico...............................43.2
54 Syria...................................72.0 51 Turkey ................................44.8
54 Tunisia................................72.0 53 Bahrain ..............................49.8
69 Algeria ...............................71.0 55 Syria...................................50.8
69 Jordan................................71.0 59 Algeria ...............................53.9
230
69 Morocco ............................71.0 66 Qatar..................................76.6
69 Turkey ................................71.0 67 Brazil..................................76.7
78 Brazil..................................70.0 76 Morocco ..........................105.2
82 Egypt .................................68.0 87 Russian Federation..........160.3
92 Russian Federation............65.0 95 China ...............................221.1
100 India...................................62.0 103 India.................................312.2
105 Mauritania..........................58.0 112 Mauritania........................502.4
SOURCE: World Health Organization, The World Health Report 2006 SOURCE: World Health Organization, World Health Statistics 2006,
The World Health Report 2006 Edition
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 231
4.07 4.08

Malaria prevalence HIV prevalence
Estimated number of malaria cases per 100,000 inhabitants, HIV prevalence as a percentage of adults aged 15–49 years,
2004 or most recent year available 2003 or most recent year available
1 Bahrain ................................0.0 1 Egypt ...................................0.0

1 Egypt ...................................0.0 1 Japan ...................................0.0
1 Japan ...................................0.0 1 Jordan..................................0.0
1 Jordan..................................0.0 1 Kuwait .................................0.0
1 Kuwait .................................0.0 1 Qatar....................................0.0
1 Norway ................................0.0 1 Syria.....................................0.0
1 Qatar....................................0.0 1 Tunisia..................................0.0
1 Russian Federation..............0.0 1 Turkey ..................................0.0
1 Singapore ............................0.0 27 Libya ....................................0.0
1 Tunisia..................................0.0 28 Algeria .................................0.1
1 United Arab Emirates ..........0.0 28 China ...................................0.1
1 United States.......................0.0 28 Morocco ..............................0.1
56 Syria.....................................0.0 28 Norway ................................0.1
61 Oman...................................0.2 28 Oman...................................0.1
62 Libya ....................................0.2 51 United Arab Emirates ..........0.2
63 Morocco ..............................0.2 52 Bahrain ................................0.2
231
66 Algeria .................................1.0 52 Singapore ............................0.2
73 China ...................................3.1 66 Mexico.................................0.3
74 Mexico.................................3.2 82 Mauritania............................0.6
79 Turkey ................................12.9 82 United States.......................0.6
97 India.................................167.2 86 Brazil....................................0.7
101 Brazil................................254.2 92 India.....................................0.9
114 Mauritania.....................5,979.4 94 Russian Federation..............1.1
SOURCE: World Health Organization and UNICEF, World Malaria Report SOURCE: World Health Organization, World Health Statistics 2006, The
2005; World Health Organization Regional Offices; UNFPA, World Health Report 2006 Edition; national sources
State of World Population 2005
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 232
4.09
Primary enrollment
Net primary education enrollment rate, 2004 or most recent year
available
1 Japan .................................99.9
11 Norway ..............................98.9
21 Mexico...............................97.8
26 Tunisia................................97.6
33 Bahrain ..............................96.8
35 Algeria ...............................96.7
36 Brazil..................................96.5
37 Singapore ..........................96.4
41 Egypt .................................95.4
47 Qatar..................................94.8
48 China .................................94.6
49 Syria...................................94.5
62 United States.....................92.4
69 Russian Federation............91.5
70 Jordan................................91.1
77 India...................................89.7
232
81 Turkey ................................89.3
89 Libya ..................................87.0
94 Morocco ............................86.1
96 Kuwait ...............................86.0
107 Oman.................................77.9
111 Mauritania..........................74.3
SOURCE: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (June 2006); United Nations

Statistics Division
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 233
Data Tables
Section V
Higher education and training
233
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 234
5.01 5.02
5: Data Tables | Higher education and training
Secondary enrollment Tertiary enrollment

Gross secondary enrollment rate, 2004 or most recent year available Gross tertiary enrollment rate, 2004 or most recent year available
5 Norway ............................115.6 4 United States.....................82.0

17 Libya ................................104.0 5 Norway ..............................80.0
20 Brazil................................102.0 13 Russian Federation............68.0
21 Japan ...............................101.6 29 Libya ..................................56.0
27 Bahrain ..............................98.8 32 Japan .................................54.0
32 Singapore ..........................98.0 36 Singapore ..........................47.0
34 Qatar..................................96.8 47 Jordan................................39.0
42 United States.....................94.8 56 Bahrain ..............................34.0
45 Russian Federation............92.9 57 Egypt .................................33.0
52 Kuwait ...............................89.9 61 Tunisia................................29.0
60 Jordan................................87.4 61 Turkey ................................29.0
61 Egypt .................................87.1 72 Mexico...............................23.0
62 Oman.................................86.4 73 Kuwait ...............................22.0
74 Tunisia................................81.3 73 United Arab Emirates ........22.0
75 Algeria ...............................80.7 75 Algeria ...............................20.0
76 Mexico...............................79.7 75 Brazil..................................20.0
234
77 Turkey ................................79.2 77 China .................................19.0
85 China .................................72.5 77 Qatar..................................19.0
90 United Arab Emirates ........66.4 90 Syria...................................13.6
95 Syria...................................63.2 91 Oman.................................13.0
99 India...................................53.5 94 India...................................11.0
103 Morocco ............................47.6 94 Morocco ............................11.0
119 Mauritania..........................20.2 107 Mauritania............................3.0
SOURCE: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (June 2006); national sources SOURCE: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (June 2006); World Bank,
World Development Indicators 2006
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 235
5.03 5.04

Quality of the educational system Quality of math and science education
The educational system in your country (1 = does not meet the needs Math and science education in your country’s schools (1 = lag far
of a competitive economy, 7 = meets the needs of a competitive behind most other countries, 7 = are among the best in the world)
economy)

11 Tunisia...........................5.1 1.1 7 India ..............................5.7 1.1
15 United States................5.0 1.4 9 Tunisia...........................5.6 1.0
17 Norway .........................5.0 1.2 14 Japan ............................5.4 1.3
19 Japan ............................4.9 1.3 38 Qatar .............................4.7 1.2
20 Qatar .............................4.9 1.4 41 United Arab Emirates ...4.5 1.4
25 India ..............................4.7 1.5 42 United States................4.5 1.4
32 United Arab Emirates ...4.4 1.5 43 Russian Federation .......4.5 1.6
38 Oman ............................4.2 1.8 49 Morocco .......................4.4 1.5
45 Jordan ...........................4.0 1.6 54 Norway .........................4.4 1.2
55 Russian Federation .......3.7 1.6 56 Jordan ...........................4.3 1.5
63 Kuwait...........................3.5 1.5 57 Turkey ...........................4.3 1.3
74 Turkey ...........................3.2 1.5 59 Oman ............................4.3 1.6
80 Bahrain..........................3.2 1.7 62 Kuwait...........................4.1 1.7
83 Mexico ..........................3.1 1.4 63 China.............................4.1 1.5
88 China.............................3.0 1.5 74 Algeria...........................3.7 1.4
235
92 Morocco .......................2.9 1.5 78 Syria ..............................3.7 1.6
93 Algeria...........................2.9 1.4 87 Libya .............................3.5 1.7
99 Syria ..............................2.9 1.6 89 Bahrain..........................3.4 1.6
106 Egypt ............................2.7 1.5 96 Egypt ............................3.2 1.5
116 Brazil .............................2.5 1.4 101 Brazil .............................2.9 1.5
123 Libya .............................2.2 1.5 104 Mexico ..........................2.9 1.2
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5.05 5.06
Quality of management schools Local availability of specialized research

and training services
Management or business schools in your country are (1 = limited In your country, specialized research and training services are
or of poor quality, 7 = among the best in the world) (1 = not available, 7 = available from world-class local institutions)
3 India ..............................6.0 0.9 1 Japan ............................6.1 0.8

20 Tunisia...........................5.3 1.1 17 Singapore......................5.1 1.1
23 Norway .........................5.3 0.9 28 India ..............................4.7 1.4
26 Morocco .......................5.1 1.2 32 Brazil .............................4.6 1.4
40 Qatar .............................4.6 1.3 33 Tunisia...........................4.6 1.4
43 Mexico ..........................4.5 1.2 41 Turkey ...........................4.3 1.1
59 Japan ............................4.2 1.3 43 Oman ............................4.3 2.2
60 Kuwait...........................4.2 1.4 47 China.............................4.2 1.3
61 Turkey ...........................4.2 1.3 48 Mexico ..........................4.2 1.4
63 Oman ............................4.2 1.5 54 Kuwait...........................4.0 1.5
65 Brazil .............................4.1 1.4 58 Qatar .............................3.9 1.9
77 Jordan ...........................3.7 1.5 59 Morocco .......................3.9 1.7
78 Bahrain..........................3.7 1.7 63 Jordan ...........................3.9 1.5
236
85 Russian Federation .......3.6 1.3 70 Russian Federation .......3.7 1.4
89 Egypt ............................3.5 1.4 80 Egypt ............................3.5 1.5
91 Algeria...........................3.5 1.3 97 Bahrain..........................3.1 1.7
93 China.............................3.4 1.3 98 Libya .............................3.1 1.6
106 Syria ..............................3.2 1.4 100 Syria ..............................3.1 1.5
118 Libya .............................2.9 1.5 103 Algeria...........................3.0 1.4
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5.07

Extent of staff training
The general approach of companies in your country to human

resources is (1 = to invest little in training and employee development,
7 = to invest heavily to attract, train and retain employees)
3 Japan ............................5.9 0.9

9 United States................5.6 1.2
10 Norway .........................5.5 0.9
12 Singapore......................5.4 1.0
28 India ..............................4.8 1.3
32 Oman ............................4.5 1.5
37 Tunisia...........................4.3 1.5
39 Brazil .............................4.2 1.3
40 Turkey ...........................4.2 1.1
47 Kuwait...........................3.9 1.6
48 Mexico ..........................3.9 1.3
58 Qatar .............................3.7 1.7
60 Bahrain..........................3.7 1.8
61 Jordan ...........................3.6 1.5
77 China.............................3.4 1.3
237
78 Mauritania .....................3.3 1.8
84 Egypt ............................3.3 1.7
86 Syria ..............................3.2 1.4
87 Morocco .......................3.2 1.5
100 Algeria...........................3.0 1.4
109 Libya .............................2.7 1.8

part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 238
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 239
Data Tables
Section VI
Market efficiency
239
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 240
5: Data Tables | Market efficiency

6.01 6.02
Agricultural policy costs Efficiency of legal framework
Agricultural policy in your country (1 = is excessively burdensome for The legal framework in your country for private businesses to settle
the economy, 7 = balances the interests of taxpayers, consumers, disputes and challenge the legality of government actions and/or
and producers) regulations (1 = is inefficient and subject to manipulation, 7 = is
efficient and follows a clear, neutral process)
5 Tunisia...........................4.7 1.3 5 Norway .........................6.3 0.7

7 United Arab Emirates ...4.7 1.4 19 Oman ............................5.4 1.4
8 China.............................4.7 1.4 20 Japan ............................5.4 1.4
15 Algeria...........................4.4 1.5 24 India ..............................5.1 1.3
17 Oman ............................4.4 1.1 26 United States................5.1 1.5
21 Bahrain..........................4.3 1.6 27 Qatar .............................5.1 1.2
25 United States................4.1 1.3 30 Kuwait...........................5.1 1.7
38 Qatar .............................4.0 1.4 31 Tunisia...........................5.0 1.3
40 Brazil .............................4.0 1.5 35 United Arab Emirates ...4.8 1.6
55 Kuwait...........................3.7 1.4 37 Jordan ...........................4.8 1.6
57 India ..............................3.7 1.4 50 Libya .............................4.1 2.1
60 Jordan ...........................3.7 1.1 53 Mauritania .....................4.1 1.6
64 Syria ..............................3.6 1.6 54 Algeria...........................4.1 1.7
92 Egypt ............................3.4 1.5 55 Egypt ............................4.1 1.9
98 Morocco .......................3.3 1.7 56 Morocco .......................4.0 1.8
240
104 Mexico ..........................3.3 1.1 58 Turkey ...........................3.8 1.5
106 Libya .............................3.2 1.5 73 Bahrain..........................3.5 1.8
115 Turkey ...........................2.9 1.0 78 China.............................3.4 1.6
117 Russian Federation .......2.9 1.4 81 Mexico ..........................3.3 1.5
118 Japan ............................2.9 1.4 84 Syria ..............................3.2 1.6
119 Mauritania .....................2.9 1.8 92 Brazil .............................3.1 1.6
122 Norway .........................2.9 1.2 109 Russian Federation .......2.7 1.3
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6.03 6.04

Extent and effect of taxation Number of procedures required to start
a business
The level of taxes in your country (1 = significantly limits the Number of administrative procedures required to start a business,
incentives to work or invest, 7 = has little impact on the incentives 2006
to work or invest)
1 Bahrain..........................6.1 1.4 7 Norway ................................4.0

3 Oman ............................6.0 0.9 10 United States.......................5.0
4 United Arab Emirates ...5.9 1.6 16 Morocco ..............................6.0
5 Kuwait...........................5.9 1.5 16 Singapore ............................6.0
6 Qatar .............................5.8 1.6 27 Russian Federation..............7.0
8 Singapore......................5.6 1.0 36 Japan ...................................8.0
14 Mauritania .....................5.0 1.7 36 Mexico.................................8.0
19 Tunisia...........................4.6 1.3 36 Turkey ..................................8.0
22 India ..............................4.4 1.3 50 Oman...................................9.0
32 United States................3.9 1.4 63 Egypt .................................10.0
33 Algeria...........................3.9 1.8 63 Tunisia................................10.0
37 Egypt ............................3.8 1.8 82 India...................................11.0
47 China.............................3.6 1.4 82 Jordan................................11.0
50 Japan ............................3.5 1.1 82 Mauritania..........................11.0
51 Jordan ...........................3.5 1.6 92 Syria...................................12.0
53 Norway .........................3.5 1.1 92 United Arab Emirates ........12.0
241
64 Morocco .......................3.2 1.6 99 China .................................13.0
70 Libya .............................3.1 1.9 99 Kuwait ...............................13.0
76 Mexico ..........................3.1 1.3 110 Algeria ...............................14.0
78 Syria ..............................3.1 1.5 118 Brazil..................................17.0
86 Turkey ...........................2.9 1.2 n/a Bahrain.................................n/a
97 Russian Federation .......2.7 1.5 n/a Libya ....................................n/a
128 Brazil .............................1.5 0.9 n/a Qatar....................................n/a
SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 2006 SOURCE: World Bank, Doing Business 2007: How to Reform (2006)
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 242

6.05 6.06
Time required to start a business Intensity of local competition
Number of days required to start a business, 2006 Competition in the local market is (1 = limited in most industries
and price-cutting is rare, 7 = intense in most industries as market
leadership changes over time)
RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA RANK COUNTRY SCORE 1 MEAN: 4.7 7 SD
3 United States.......................5.0 3 Japan ............................6.0 0.9

6 Singapore ............................6.0 4 India ..............................6.0 1.0
10 Turkey ..................................9.0 5 United States................5.9 1.1
12 Tunisia................................11.0 19 Norway .........................5.6 1.0
15 Morocco ............................12.0 26 Singapore......................5.5 1.1
17 Norway ..............................13.0 27 Turkey ...........................5.4 1.0
24 Jordan................................18.0 28 United Arab Emirates ...5.4 1.3
27 Egypt .................................19.0 34 China.............................5.3 1.2
37 Japan .................................23.0 40 Brazil .............................5.2 1.2
38 Algeria ...............................24.0 41 Jordan ...........................5.2 1.2
46 Mexico...............................27.0 43 Tunisia...........................5.2 0.9
50 Russian Federation............28.0 54 Bahrain..........................5.0 1.4
64 Oman.................................34.0 57 Mexico ..........................4.9 1.2
67 China .................................35.0 63 Kuwait...........................4.9 1.5
67 India...................................35.0 65 Russian Federation .......4.7 1.8
67 Kuwait ...............................35.0 67 Qatar .............................4.7 1.5
242
81 Syria...................................43.0 68 Egypt ............................4.7 1.7
101 United Arab Emirates ........63.0 71 Morocco .......................4.6 1.6
110 Mauritania..........................82.0 84 Syria ..............................4.4 1.6
120 Brazil................................152.0 88 Oman ............................4.3 1.3
n/a Bahrain.................................n/a 98 Algeria...........................4.2 1.6
n/a Libya ....................................n/a 118 Libya .............................3.7 1.7
n/a Qatar....................................n/a 123 Mauritania .....................3.4 1.6
SOURCE: World Bank, Doing Business 2007: How to Reform (2006) SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 2006
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 243
6.07 6.08

Effectiveness of antitrust policy Imports
Anti-monopoly policy in your country is (1 = lax and not effective at Imports of goods and services as a percentage of GDP, 2005 or most
promoting competition, 7 = effective and promotes competition) recent year available
8 Norway .........................5.8 0.8 1 Singapore ........................213.1

10 Japan ............................5.7 0.9 9 United Arab Emirates ........85.5
14 United States................5.6 1.3 20 Jordan................................70.2
26 Tunisia...........................5.1 1.0 21 Mauritania..........................70.0
27 India ..............................5.1 1.3 26 Bahrain ..............................66.0
32 Singapore......................4.9 1.2 53 Tunisia................................47.4
34 Turkey ...........................4.7 1.2 76 Oman.................................35.4
40 Oman ............................4.4 1.6 77 Turkey ................................35.3
41 Jordan ...........................4.3 1.6 81 Libya ..................................34.4
47 Brazil .............................4.2 1.4 82 Morocco ............................34.1
49 Qatar .............................4.1 1.6 85 China .................................33.4
50 United Arab Emirates ...4.1 1.6 87 Egypt .................................32.6
55 Morocco .......................3.9 1.7 88 Syria...................................32.6
58 Mexico ..........................3.9 1.5 92 Mexico...............................31.5
59 Algeria...........................3.9 1.4 94 Algeria ...............................30.4
62 Kuwait...........................3.8 1.8 97 Kuwait ...............................30.1
243
70 Bahrain..........................3.6 1.7 106 Norway ..............................27.8
74 Egypt ............................3.5 1.6 110 Qatar..................................26.7
75 China.............................3.5 1.5 114 India...................................24.0
76 Syria ..............................3.5 1.5 118 Russian Federation............21.4
77 Libya .............................3.5 1.9 125 United States.....................16.2
88 Mauritania .....................3.2 2.0 126 Japan .................................12.9
103 Russian Federation .......3.0 1.5 127 Brazil..................................12.4
SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 2006 SOURCE: Economist Intelligence Unit, CountryData Database (June
2006); IMF Country Reports; World Bank, World Development
Indicators 2006
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6.09 6.10
Prevalence of trade barriers Prevalence of foreign ownership
In your country, tariff and nontariff barriers significantly reduce Foreign ownership of companies in your country is (1 = rare, limited
the ability of imported goods to compete in the domestic market to minority stakes and often prohibited in key sectors , 7 = prevalent
(1 = strongly agree, 7 = strongly disagree) and encouraged)

9 Qatar .............................5.7 1.3 20 Jordan ...........................5.8 1.2
12 Oman ............................5.6 1.2 31 Mexico ..........................5.6 1.2
15 United Arab Emirates ...5.6 1.6 32 Norway .........................5.5 0.9
16 Bahrain..........................5.6 1.5 37 Oman ............................5.4 1.1
25 Kuwait...........................5.4 1.6 40 India ..............................5.4 1.4
35 India ..............................5.1 1.5 44 United States................5.3 1.2
37 United States................5.0 1.4 48 Morocco .......................5.3 1.5
44 Tunisia...........................4.8 1.3 52 Tunisia...........................5.3 1.5
45 Turkey ...........................4.8 1.7 69 Bahrain..........................5.1 1.8
47 Jordan ...........................4.8 1.6 78 Japan ............................4.8 1.3
51 Mexico ..........................4.7 1.8 83 Turkey ...........................4.8 1.2
54 Japan ............................4.6 1.5 85 Algeria...........................4.7 1.7
75 Libya .............................4.2 2.3 86 Egypt ............................4.7 1.7
83 Algeria...........................4.1 2.0 88 China.............................4.7 1.5
85 China.............................4.1 1.6 90 Brazil .............................4.6 1.3
244
86 Brazil .............................4.1 1.6 92 Qatar .............................4.6 1.6
93 Morocco .......................4.0 1.8 94 United Arab Emirates ...4.5 2.0
107 Egypt ............................3.7 2.1 126 Libya .............................3.2 1.9
115 Syria ..............................3.6 1.9 127 Syria ..............................3.2 1.7
128 Mauritania .....................3.0 1.9 128 Kuwait...........................2.9 1.7
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6.11 6.12

Exports Hiring and firing practices
Exports of goods and services as a percentage of GDP, 2005 or most The hiring and firing of workers is (1 = impeded by regulations,
recent year available 7 = flexibly determined by employers)
RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA RANK COUNTRY SCORE 1 MEAN: 3.9 7 SD
1 Singapore ........................243.0 2 Singapore......................5.9 1.0

6 United Arab Emirates ........99.0 3 Mauritania .....................5.7 1.5
7 Bahrain ..............................89.3 11 United States................5.2 1.5
21 Qatar..................................68.4 17 Russian Federation .......5.1 1.6
24 Kuwait ...............................67.2 23 United Arab Emirates ...4.7 1.8
25 Oman.................................65.5 31 Qatar .............................4.5 1.8
34 Algeria ...............................54.2 32 Tunisia...........................4.5 1.4
38 Jordan................................52.4 41 Kuwait...........................4.3 2.1
47 Libya ..................................47.4 49 Morocco .......................4.2 1.8
55 Norway ..............................45.2 50 China.............................4.2 1.5
56 Tunisia................................44.8 67 Mexico ..........................3.8 1.8
72 Russian Federation............37.3 70 Japan ............................3.8 1.8
75 China .................................36.8 81 Algeria...........................3.6 1.9
77 Syria...................................35.7 89 Oman ............................3.4 1.8
84 Egypt .................................31.0 90 Turkey ...........................3.4 1.6
85 Mexico...............................29.9 92 Jordan ...........................3.3 1.7
245
88 Mauritania..........................29.0 93 Syria ..............................3.3 2.0
91 Turkey ................................28.3 100 Egypt ............................3.1 1.7
96 Morocco ............................26.5 103 India ..............................3.0 1.7
111 India...................................21.2 107 Bahrain..........................2.9 1.7
119 Brazil..................................16.8 114 Brazil .............................2.7 1.7
122 Japan .................................14.3 115 Norway .........................2.7 1.7
126 United States.....................10.4 126 Libya .............................2.4 1.8
SOURCE: Economist Intelligence Unit, CountryData Database (June SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 2006
2006)
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6.13 6.14
Flexibility of wage determination Cooperation in labor-employer relations
Wages in your country are (1 = set by a centralized bargaining Labor-employer relations in your country are (1 = generally con-
process, 7 = up to each individual company) frontational, 7 = generally cooperative)
5 United Arab Emirates ...6.1 1.3 2 Singapore......................6.2 0.7

7 Egypt ............................6.1 1.6 6 Japan ............................5.9 0.7
8 Qatar .............................6.0 1.4 11 Mauritania .....................5.7 1.2
9 Kuwait...........................6.0 1.3 12 Norway .........................5.7 1.0
10 Japan ............................6.0 0.7 13 Oman ............................5.6 1.2
18 Singapore......................5.9 0.7 27 Kuwait...........................5.1 1.3
25 Jordan ...........................5.8 1.3 29 Tunisia...........................5.1 1.1
29 Bahrain..........................5.7 1.8 31 United Arab Emirates ...5.1 1.3
44 Morocco .......................5.5 1.6 47 Libya .............................4.9 1.6
51 India ..............................5.5 1.2 51 India ..............................4.8 1.2
52 Oman ............................5.5 1.2 55 Qatar .............................4.7 1.4
53 China.............................5.5 1.3 57 Jordan ...........................4.7 1.3
68 Mexico ..........................5.1 1.0 65 Algeria...........................4.6 1.6
70 Syria ..............................5.1 1.7 69 Syria ..............................4.6 1.5
246
94 Libya .............................4.6 2.4 78 Egypt ............................4.5 1.6
96 Tunisia...........................4.6 1.1 84 Morocco .......................4.4 1.6
99 Mauritania .....................4.5 1.2 87 Turkey ...........................4.3 1.3
104 Algeria...........................4.4 1.6 89 Bahrain..........................4.3 1.8
109 Brazil .............................4.2 1.3 96 Brazil .............................4.2 1.3
112 Norway .........................3.8 1.0 102 China.............................4.1 1.3
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6.15 6.16

Reliance on professional management Pay and productivity
Senior management positions in your country are (1 = usually held Pay in your country is (1 = not related to worker productivity,
by relatives, 7 = held by professional managers chosen based on 7 = strongly related to worker productivity)
superior qualification)

15 Singapore......................5.8 1.0 11 Japan ............................5.1 1.1
16 Japan ............................5.7 1.0 22 Russian Federation .......4.6 1.5
24 India ..............................5.4 1.1 25 Qatar .............................4.6 1.4
32 Oman ............................5.1 1.4 27 China.............................4.6 1.4
39 Brazil .............................4.9 1.2 29 Tunisia...........................4.6 1.5
53 Mexico ..........................4.7 1.2 31 Egypt ............................4.6 1.8
57 Tunisia...........................4.6 1.6 48 Oman ............................4.4 1.8
63 Bahrain..........................4.5 1.5 49 Kuwait...........................4.4 1.7
64 Turkey ...........................4.4 1.1 52 Morocco .......................4.3 1.8
66 Algeria...........................4.4 1.6 57 Norway .........................4.2 1.2
80 China.............................4.1 1.5 60 Turkey ...........................4.1 1.4
247
84 Mauritania .....................4.0 2.2 64 Jordan ...........................4.0 1.5
89 Egypt ............................3.9 1.6 68 Syria ..............................3.9 1.9
92 Jordan ...........................3.8 1.4 75 Bahrain..........................3.8 1.8
103 Kuwait...........................3.7 1.7 80 Algeria...........................3.8 1.9
108 Morocco .......................3.6 1.6 81 Brazil .............................3.8 1.5
115 Syria ..............................3.4 1.6 85 Mauritania .....................3.7 2.2
122 Libya .............................3.2 1.9 122 Libya .............................2.8 2.2
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6.17 6.18
Brain drain Private-sector employment of women
Your country’s talented people (1 = normally leave to pursue In your country, do businesses provide women the same opportuni-
opportunities in other countries, 7 = almost always remain in the ties as men to rise to positions of leadership? (1 = no, women are
country) unable to rise to positions of leadership , 7 = yes, women are often in
management positions)
1 United States................6.1 1.1 3 Singapore......................5.9 1.1

2 Qatar .............................5.7 1.3 5 Tunisia...........................5.8 1.4
3 Japan ............................5.7 1.2 6 Oman ............................5.7 1.5
4 Oman ............................5.6 1.2 22 Norway .........................5.2 1.0
9 Kuwait...........................5.4 1.5 38 Egypt ............................5.0 1.9
16 Singapore......................4.9 0.8 39 Syria ..............................5.0 1.7
24 Bahrain..........................4.6 1.6 40 Qatar .............................5.0 1.5
40 Brazil .............................3.9 1.6 42 Mauritania .....................4.9 1.7
43 Tunisia...........................3.8 1.3 52 Kuwait...........................4.8 1.6
44 China.............................3.8 1.5 56 Libya .............................4.7 1.8
48 India ..............................3.7 1.2 57 United Arab Emirates ...4.7 1.6
53 Russian Federation .......3.5 1.5 72 Turkey ...........................4.6 1.3
56 Mexico ..........................3.4 1.2 74 Algeria...........................4.6 1.8
59 Turkey ...........................3.3 1.2 76 China.............................4.6 1.5
248
79 Morocco .......................2.8 1.6 82 Russian Federation .......4.5 1.6
86 Syria ..............................2.7 1.6 84 Morocco .......................4.5 2.0
90 Jordan ...........................2.6 1.5 96 Jordan ...........................4.3 1.7
91 Libya .............................2.6 1.7 99 Japan ............................4.2 1.3
93 Mauritania .....................2.6 1.7 100 Bahrain..........................4.2 1.8
105 Algeria...........................2.4 1.2 109 Brazil .............................4.1 1.3
113 Egypt ............................2.3 1.3 125 Mexico ..........................3.6 1.2
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6.19 6.20

Financial market sophistication Ease of access to loans
The level of sophistication of financial markets in your country is (1 = How easy is it to obtain a bank loan in your country with only a good
lower than international norms, 7 = higher than international norms) business plan and no collateral? (1 = impossible, 7 = easy)
5 United States................6.3 1.1 5 Norway .........................5.4 1.2

13 Singapore......................6.0 0.8 9 United Arab Emirates ...5.2 1.5
20 Norway .........................5.6 0.9 12 Qatar .............................5.1 1.6
28 Brazil .............................5.3 1.4 15 Kuwait...........................4.9 1.7
30 Bahrain..........................5.2 1.3 16 Singapore......................4.8 1.4
32 India ..............................5.1 1.2 21 India ..............................4.6 1.4
36 Turkey ...........................4.6 1.2 31 Oman ............................4.3 1.9
38 Mexico ..........................4.6 1.1 38 Tunisia...........................4.0 1.7
40 Oman ............................4.5 1.1 39 Japan ............................4.0 1.7
41 Kuwait...........................4.5 1.4 47 Bahrain..........................3.8 1.9
46 United Arab Emirates ...4.3 1.5 62 Jordan ...........................3.3 1.7
48 Qatar .............................4.3 1.5 74 Turkey ...........................3.0 1.4
60 Tunisia...........................4.1 1.1 77 Brazil .............................2.9 1.7
63 Jordan ...........................4.0 1.3 78 Mexico ..........................2.9 1.5
77 Egypt ............................3.6 1.5 82 Egypt ............................2.8 1.8
249
83 Morocco .......................3.2 1.4 87 Morocco .......................2.7 1.9
94 China.............................2.8 1.2 92 Libya .............................2.6 1.8
106 Mauritania .....................2.5 1.3 101 China.............................2.5 1.4
124 Syria ..............................2.0 1.1 106 Syria ..............................2.4 1.4
125 Algeria...........................2.0 1.0 114 Algeria...........................2.2 1.3
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6.21 6.22
Venture capital availability Soundness of banks
Entrepreneurs with innovative but risky projects can generally find Banks in your country are (1 = insolvent and may require a government
venture capital in your country (1 = not true, 7 = true) bailout, 7 = generally healthy with sound balance sheets)
1 United States................5.6 1.3 17 Norway .........................6.6 0.5

13 Singapore......................4.9 1.1 27 United States................6.3 1.0
20 India ..............................4.6 1.3 32 Kuwait...........................6.2 1.0
23 Japan ............................4.5 1.4 34 Brazil .............................6.1 1.2
27 Kuwait...........................4.2 1.6 36 United Arab Emirates ...6.0 0.9
31 Tunisia...........................4.1 1.3 37 India ..............................6.0 0.8
37 Qatar .............................3.8 1.9 46 Qatar .............................5.8 1.2
56 Bahrain..........................3.3 1.5 61 Mexico ..........................5.5 1.0
63 Oman ............................3.2 1.8 64 Jordan ...........................5.5 1.2
64 Russian Federation .......3.2 1.6 66 Oman ............................5.5 1.3
69 Mexico ..........................3.1 1.5 66 Tunisia...........................5.5 1.2
71 Jordan ...........................3.1 1.6 70 Morocco .......................5.4 1.3
78 Turkey ...........................3.0 1.5 77 Japan ............................5.2 1.1
82 Libya .............................2.9 1.7 95 Egypt ............................4.8 1.5
250
89 Egypt ............................2.8 1.7 100 Turkey ...........................4.8 1.3
93 China.............................2.7 1.3 102 Mauritania .....................4.8 1.5
99 Syria ..............................2.6 1.4 120 Syria ..............................4.2 1.8
100 Brazil .............................2.6 1.4 122 Libya .............................4.2 1.9
117 Algeria...........................2.2 1.4 126 China.............................3.8 1.4
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 251
6.23

Local equity market access
Raising money by issuing shares on the local stock market is
(1 = nearly impossible, 7 = quite possible for a good company)
1 India ..............................6.5 0.7

4 Japan ............................6.4 0.8
6 Norway .........................6.3 0.8
15 Singapore......................6.1 0.8
18 Kuwait...........................6.1 1.0
22 United States................6.0 1.2
25 Bahrain..........................5.9 1.3
34 Turkey ...........................5.8 1.3
35 Jordan ...........................5.7 1.2
45 Qatar .............................5.4 1.8
46 Brazil .............................5.4 1.7
48 Oman ............................5.4 1.3
55 Egypt ............................5.2 1.6
67 Mexico ..........................4.9 1.5
70 Tunisia...........................4.8 1.1
251
76 Morocco .......................4.3 1.7
78 China.............................4.3 1.7
112 Algeria...........................2.7 1.9
118 Mauritania .....................2.5 1.9
123 Syria ..............................2.2 1.6
124 Libya .............................2.2 2.0

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Data Tables
Section VII
Technological readiness
253
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 254
5: Data Tables | Technological readiness

7.01 7.02
Technological readiness Firm-level technology absorption
Your country’s level of technological readiness (1 = generally lags Companies in your country are (1 = not able to absorb new
behind most other countries, 7 = is among the world leaders) technology, 7 = aggressive in absorbing new technology)
2 Japan ............................6.5 0.8 2 Japan ............................6.3 0.8

23 India ..............................5.3 0.9 16 Mauritania .....................5.8 1.7
30 Tunisia...........................4.8 1.2 25 Turkey ...........................5.4 1.0
39 Bahrain..........................4.6 1.5 36 Tunisia...........................5.2 1.1
41 Oman ............................4.5 1.3 39 Kuwait...........................5.2 1.3
44 Kuwait...........................4.3 1.4 41 China.............................5.1 1.3
45 Jordan ...........................4.3 1.2 42 Morocco .......................5.0 1.5
56 Turkey ...........................4.1 1.1 43 Qatar .............................5.0 1.4
58 Mexico ..........................4.0 1.1 47 Brazil .............................4.9 1.1
59 Brazil .............................4.0 1.4 50 Oman ............................4.9 1.2
67 Egypt ............................3.7 1.5 53 Bahrain..........................4.8 1.4
254
70 China.............................3.6 1.2 56 Jordan ...........................4.8 1.3
72 Morocco .......................3.6 1.6 60 Egypt ............................4.7 1.5
86 Russian Federation .......3.1 1.5 69 Algeria...........................4.6 1.8
87 Syria ..............................3.1 1.2 71 Libya .............................4.6 1.7
89 Libya .............................3.0 1.4 77 Mexico ..........................4.5 1.0
106 Algeria...........................2.5 1.2 83 Russian Federation .......4.4 1.5
121 Mauritania .....................2.2 1.4 85 Syria ..............................4.4 1.5
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 255
7.03 7.04

Laws relating to ICT FDI and technology transfer
Laws relating to the use of information communication technologies Foreign direct investment in your country (1 = brings little new
(electronic commerce, digital signatures, consumer protection) are technology, 7 = is an important source of new technology)
(1 = nonexistent, 7 = well developed and enforced)

25 Japan ............................4.9 0.9 15 United Arab Emirates ...5.6 1.0
31 India ..............................4.6 1.2 20 Mexico ..........................5.5 1.2
39 Qatar .............................4.2 1.4 34 Tunisia...........................5.3 1.4
42 Mexico ..........................4.2 1.3 38 Brazil .............................5.3 1.3
48 Brazil .............................4.1 1.3 42 Oman ............................5.2 1.4
49 Tunisia...........................4.0 1.6 44 Morocco .......................5.2 1.5
51 Bahrain..........................4.0 1.6 51 Egypt ............................5.1 1.7
52 Turkey ...........................4.0 1.3 53 United States................5.1 1.5
64 Jordan ...........................3.7 1.4 61 Turkey ...........................5.0 1.1
67 China.............................3.5 1.4 64 Jordan ...........................4.9 1.5
74 Morocco .......................3.2 1.7 68 Norway .........................4.9 1.1
79 Oman ............................3.1 1.8 69 Bahrain..........................4.9 1.9
255
81 Egypt ............................3.1 1.6 77 Japan ............................4.8 1.5
88 Russian Federation .......3.0 1.3 105 China.............................4.4 1.5
91 Kuwait...........................3.0 1.4 108 Libya .............................4.3 2.1
95 Algeria...........................2.9 1.7 112 Algeria...........................4.2 1.9
116 Mauritania .....................2.3 1.7 117 Russian Federation .......4.1 1.8
121 Syria ..............................2.2 1.3 121 Kuwait...........................3.9 1.5
127 Libya .............................1.9 1.3 122 Syria ..............................3.9 1.8
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 256

7.05 7.06
Mobile telephone subscribers Internet users
Mobile telephone subscribers per 100 inhabitants, 2005 Internet users per 10,000 inhabitants, 2005 or most recent year available
10 Singapore ........................103.4 4 Norway ..............................73.6

12 Bahrain ............................103.0 9 Japan .................................66.6
13 Norway ............................102.9 10 United States.....................63.0
16 United Arab Emirates ......100.9 13 Singapore ..........................57.9
26 Qatar..................................92.2 37 United Arab Emirates ........31.1
32 Kuwait ...............................88.6 39 Qatar..................................28.2
36 Russian Federation............83.6 43 Kuwait ...............................26.1
45 Japan .................................74.0 46 Turkey ................................21.9
48 United States.....................67.6 47 Bahrain ..............................21.3
54 Turkey ................................59.6 53 Brazil..................................19.5
57 Tunisia................................56.3 58 Mexico...............................17.4
58 Oman.................................51.9 61 Russian Federation............15.2
65 Brazil..................................46.2 62 Morocco ............................15.2
66 Mexico...............................44.3 67 Jordan................................11.2
69 Algeria ...............................41.5 68 Oman.................................11.1
71 Morocco ............................40.9 75 Tunisia..................................9.5
256
83 China .................................29.9 77 China ...................................8.4
84 Jordan................................28.9 85 Egypt ...................................6.8
90 Mauritania..........................24.3 88 Algeria .................................5.8
94 Egypt .................................18.4 89 Syria.....................................5.8
98 Syria...................................15.5 91 India.....................................5.4
109 India.....................................8.2 101 Libya ....................................3.6
120 Libya ....................................4.1 117 Mauritania............................0.7
SOURCE: International Telecommunication Union, World SOURCE: International Telecommunication Union, World
Telecommunication Indicators 2006 Telecommunication Indicators 2006
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 257
7.07

Personal computers
Personal computers per 100 inhabitants, 2005 or most recent year
available
2 United States.....................76.2
10 Singapore ..........................62.2
15 Norway ..............................57.2
18 Japan .................................54.1
32 Kuwait ...............................22.3
40 Qatar..................................17.9
41 Bahrain ..............................16.9
50 Mexico...............................13.1
52 Russian Federation............12.1
56 Brazil..................................10.5
69 Tunisia..................................5.6
70 Jordan..................................5.3
71 Turkey ..................................5.1
74 Oman...................................4.7
81 Syria.....................................4.2
257
83 China ...................................4.1
87 Egypt ...................................3.8
91 Morocco ..............................2.4
92 Libya ....................................2.3
99 India.....................................1.5
100 Mauritania............................1.4
106 Algeria .................................1.1
SOURCE: International Telecommunication Union, World

Telecommunication Indicators 2006
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 258
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 259
Data Tables
Section VIII
Business sophistication
259
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 260
5: Data Tables | Business sophistication

8.01 8.02
Local supplier quantity Local supplier quality
Local suppliers in your country are (1 = largely nonexistent, The quality of local suppliers in your country is (1 = poor as they are
7 = numerous and include the most important materials, components, inefficient and have little technological capability, 7 = very good as
equipment, and services) they are internationally competitive and assist in new product and
process development)
1 Japan ............................6.4 0.7 2 Japan ............................6.4 0.7

9 India ..............................5.8 1.0 17 Norway .........................5.7 0.7
15 Kuwait...........................5.7 1.2 25 Singapore......................5.4 0.9
27 Norway .........................5.4 1.1 28 India ..............................5.3 1.2
29 Turkey ...........................5.4 1.0 33 Tunisia...........................5.0 0.9
30 Tunisia...........................5.4 0.8 35 United Arab Emirates ...4.9 1.2
32 Brazil .............................5.3 1.1 37 Brazil .............................4.9 1.2
35 Egypt ............................5.1 1.3 38 Kuwait...........................4.9 1.4
38 China.............................5.0 1.2 39 Turkey ...........................4.8 1.0
39 Bahrain..........................5.0 1.3 51 Mexico ..........................4.5 1.2
43 Singapore......................5.0 1.2 56 Egypt ............................4.4 1.5
50 Russian Federation .......4.9 1.7 65 China.............................4.2 1.2
52 Syria ..............................4.8 1.4 68 Jordan ...........................4.2 1.4
260
60 Jordan ...........................4.7 1.5 76 Syria ..............................3.9 1.3
64 Mexico ..........................4.7 1.3 78 Oman ............................3.9 1.3
66 Morocco .......................4.6 1.6 80 Morocco .......................3.8 1.5
90 Qatar .............................4.3 1.4 82 Qatar .............................3.8 1.3
93 Oman ............................4.2 1.2 99 Algeria...........................3.5 1.2
95 Algeria...........................4.2 1.3 100 Libya .............................3.5 1.6
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 261
8.03 8.04

Production process sophistication Extent of marketing
Production processes use (1 = labor-intensive methods or previous The extent of marketing in your country is (1 = limited and primitive, 7
generations of process technology, 7 = the world’s best and most effi- = extensive and employs the world’s most sophisticated tools and
cient process technology) techniques)

16 Norway .........................5.5 0.7 25 Norway .........................5.5 1.0
25 Qatar .............................4.8 1.6 29 India ..............................5.4 1.3
32 Brazil .............................4.5 1.1 32 Brazil .............................5.3 1.2
33 India ..............................4.4 1.2 40 Mexico ..........................5.0 1.0
37 Tunisia...........................4.4 1.0 42 Kuwait...........................4.9 1.4
43 Turkey ...........................4.1 1.1 53 Turkey ...........................4.7 1.1
44 Kuwait...........................4.1 1.5 55 Tunisia...........................4.6 1.2
48 Bahrain..........................3.9 1.7 65 Bahrain..........................4.3 1.3
49 Mexico ..........................3.9 1.1 71 Oman ............................4.0 1.4
50 Oman ............................3.9 1.3 74 Morocco .......................4.0 1.5
66 Jordan ...........................3.5 1.3 77 Qatar .............................3.9 1.4
71 Russian Federation .......3.3 1.3 82 Jordan ...........................3.8 1.3
261
74 Egypt ............................3.3 1.4 83 China.............................3.7 1.3
81 Mauritania .....................3.1 1.5 90 Egypt ............................3.6 1.5
85 Algeria...........................3.1 1.4 104 Syria ..............................3.2 1.3
90 China.............................3.0 1.2 110 Mauritania .....................3.1 1.7
93 Syria ..............................3.0 1.2 118 Algeria...........................3.0 1.4
101 Libya .............................2.8 1.5 124 Libya .............................2.5 1.5
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 262

8.05 8.06
Control of international distribution Willingness to delegate authority
International distribution and marketing from your country (1 = takes Willingness to delegate authority to subordinates is (1 = low—top
place through foreign companies, 7 = is owned and controlled by management controls all important decisions, 7 = high—authority is
local companies) mostly delegated to business unit heads and other lower level
managers)
1 Japan ............................5.5 1.0 6 Norway .........................5.6 1.0

17 Kuwait...........................4.9 1.5 15 Japan ............................5.2 1.0
19 Libya .............................4.8 1.6 25 Singapore......................4.6 1.2
21 Syria ..............................4.8 1.7 30 India ..............................4.3 1.3
25 Norway .........................4.7 1.0 32 Tunisia...........................4.1 1.1
26 Oman ............................4.6 1.5 35 Qatar .............................4.0 1.7
28 India ..............................4.6 1.3 39 Brazil .............................4.0 1.4
29 Tunisia...........................4.6 1.1 43 United Arab Emirates ...3.9 1.6
31 Egypt ............................4.5 1.6 45 Mexico ..........................3.8 1.3
32 Turkey ...........................4.5 1.2 50 Turkey ...........................3.8 1.2
35 United Arab Emirates ...4.4 1.6 56 Oman ............................3.6 1.5
42 Brazil .............................4.3 1.4 63 Kuwait...........................3.5 1.5
46 Jordan ...........................4.3 1.5 68 Bahrain..........................3.4 1.8
47 Bahrain..........................4.3 1.8 72 China.............................3.4 1.5
50 Singapore......................4.2 1.2 78 Jordan ...........................3.3 1.5
262
55 Qatar .............................4.1 1.7 85 Russian Federation .......3.2 1.5
66 China.............................3.9 1.5 89 Egypt ............................3.1 1.6
72 Mexico ..........................3.9 1.3 96 Morocco .......................3.0 1.7
77 Morocco .......................3.8 1.7 97 Mauritania .....................3.0 1.9
82 Russian Federation .......3.8 1.5 109 Syria ..............................2.7 1.5
102 Algeria...........................3.4 1.6 116 Libya .............................2.6 1.7
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 263
8.07 8.08

Nature of competitive advantage Value chain presence
Competitiveness of your country’s companies in international markets Exporting companies in your country (1 = are primarily involved in
is primarily due to (1 = low cost or local natural resources, 7 = unique resource extraction or production, 7 = not only produce but also perform
products and processes) product design, marketing sales, logistics, and after-sales services)
3 Japan ............................6.1 1.3 3 Japan ............................6.4 0.9

21 Norway .........................5.1 1.7 22 India ..............................5.1 1.2
26 Tunisia...........................4.2 1.3 29 Tunisia...........................4.7 1.0
37 Qatar .............................3.8 1.8 37 Turkey ...........................4.1 1.2
41 United Arab Emirates ...3.7 1.6 38 Mexico ..........................4.1 1.2
46 India ..............................3.6 1.4 44 Egypt ............................4.0 1.7
47 Kuwait...........................3.6 1.7 45 Norway .........................4.0 1.7
48 Mauritania .....................3.6 1.6 52 United Arab Emirates ...3.8 1.6
62 Egypt ............................3.4 1.6 53 Oman ............................3.8 1.4
67 Mexico ..........................3.4 1.3 55 Jordan ...........................3.7 1.5
69 Bahrain..........................3.3 1.7 56 Brazil .............................3.7 1.4
70 Jordan ...........................3.3 1.4 57 China.............................3.7 1.5
73 Turkey ...........................3.2 1.1 62 Qatar .............................3.6 1.9
74 China.............................3.2 1.7 66 Kuwait...........................3.4 1.8
263
80 Oman ............................3.1 1.8 71 Morocco .......................3.4 1.8
83 Morocco .......................3.1 1.6 73 Syria ..............................3.4 1.6
87 Brazil .............................3.0 1.3 77 Bahrain..........................3.2 1.7
99 Algeria...........................2.8 1.3 113 Libya .............................2.5 1.6
102 Syria ..............................2.8 1.4 115 Russian Federation .......2.5 1.3
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 264
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 265
Data Tables
Section IX
Innovation
265
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 266
5: Data Tables | Innovation

9.01 9.02
Quality of scientific research institutions Company spending on research and
development
Scientific research institutions in your country (e.g., university Companies in your country (1 = do not spend money on research
laboratories, government laboratories) are (1 = nonexistent, and development, 7 = spend heavily on research and development
7 = the best in their fields internationally) relative to international peers)

14 India ..............................5.3 1.0 19 Norway .........................4.6 1.1
18 Norway .........................5.1 0.9 25 India ..............................4.2 1.1
33 Tunisia...........................4.4 1.4 36 Tunisia...........................3.7 1.6
36 Brazil .............................4.3 1.2 39 China.............................3.6 1.2
49 Qatar .............................4.0 1.2 42 Qatar .............................3.4 1.4
57 Kuwait...........................3.9 1.3 60 Mexico ..........................3.2 1.0
60 United Arab Emirates ...3.8 1.4 62 Turkey ...........................3.2 1.1
63 China.............................3.7 1.1 75 Morocco .......................3.0 1.6
74 Jordan ...........................3.6 1.3 81 Kuwait...........................2.9 1.5
83 Morocco .......................3.4 1.5 86 Oman ............................2.9 1.6
266
85 Algeria...........................3.4 1.3 92 Algeria...........................2.8 1.4
92 Libya .............................3.3 1.4 96 Jordan ...........................2.7 1.2
96 Egypt ............................3.2 1.5 99 Egypt ............................2.7 1.5
103 Oman ............................3.1 1.3 108 Syria ..............................2.6 1.2
109 Syria ..............................2.9 1.3 118 Libya .............................2.3 1.5
120 Bahrain..........................2.6 1.2 119 Bahrain..........................2.3 1.2
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 267
9.03 9.04

University-industry research collaboration Government procurement of advanced
technology products
In its R&D activity, business collaboration with local universities is Government purchase decisions for the procurement of advanced
(1 = minimal or nonexistent, 7 = intensive and ongoing) technology products are (1 = based solely on price, 7 = based on
technical performance and innovativeness)

8 Singapore......................5.2 1.0 4 Tunisia...........................5.0 1.0
9 Japan ............................5.2 1.1 5 Japan ............................5.0 1.0
27 China.............................3.9 1.3 12 United Arab Emirates ...4.7 1.7
32 Tunisia...........................3.7 1.5 19 Mauritania .....................4.5 2.3
34 India ..............................3.6 1.3 21 China.............................4.4 1.3
40 Mexico ..........................3.5 1.3 24 Qatar .............................4.4 1.5
42 Brazil .............................3.5 1.5 34 Norway .........................4.1 1.3
46 Turkey ...........................3.4 1.3 35 Oman ............................4.1 1.9
48 United Arab Emirates ...3.3 1.6 36 Algeria...........................4.1 1.7
54 Russian Federation .......3.2 1.5 41 India ..............................4.0 1.4
60 Qatar .............................3.1 1.6 59 Brazil .............................3.9 1.4
66 Morocco .......................3.0 1.7 60 Bahrain..........................3.8 1.4
84 Jordan ...........................2.8 1.4 63 Turkey ...........................3.8 1.3
85 Kuwait...........................2.8 1.4 65 Morocco .......................3.8 1.6
267
86 Oman ............................2.7 1.4 78 Mexico ..........................3.6 1.5
95 Egypt ............................2.6 1.5 80 Russian Federation .......3.6 1.5
97 Libya .............................2.5 1.7 84 Egypt ............................3.5 1.5
104 Algeria...........................2.5 1.2 86 Jordan ...........................3.5 1.5
117 Syria ..............................2.2 1.3 97 Libya .............................3.4 1.9
124 Bahrain..........................1.8 1.1 102 Kuwait...........................3.2 1.7
127 Mauritania .....................1.6 1.3 113 Syria ..............................3.0 1.7
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 268

9.05 9.06
Availability of scientists and engineers Utility patents
Scientists and engineers in your country are (1 = nonexistent or rare, Number of utility patents (i.e., patents for invention) granted between
7 = widely available) January 1 and December 31, 2005, per million population
2 Japan ............................6.3 0.7 1 United States...................250.3

4 India ..............................6.2 0.7 2 Japan ...............................236.9
10 Tunisia...........................5.8 1.0 12 Singapore ..........................80.5
15 Singapore......................5.6 0.9 19 Norway ..............................47.8
18 United States................5.5 1.2 37 Kuwait .................................1.1
20 Morocco .......................5.4 1.1 38 Russian Federation..............1.0
21 Algeria...........................5.4 1.3 42 Mexico.................................0.7
25 Norway .........................5.3 0.9 44 United Arab Emirates ..........0.7
26 Jordan ...........................5.3 1.4 50 Brazil....................................0.4
40 Egypt ............................4.9 1.5 54 India.....................................0.3
43 Syria ..............................4.8 1.6 55 Oman...................................0.3
45 Turkey ...........................4.8 1.3 58 China ...................................0.3
47 Russian Federation .......4.7 1.4 70 Tunisia..................................0.1
62 Brazil .............................4.5 1.4 71 Turkey ..................................0.1
64 Kuwait...........................4.5 1.4 72 Egypt ...................................0.1
72 Libya .............................4.3 1.6 77 Morocco ..............................0.0
268
76 Oman ............................4.2 1.4 80 Algeria .................................0.0
80 Mauritania .....................4.2 1.8 80 Bahrain ................................0.0
83 Qatar .............................4.1 1.3 80 Jordan..................................0.0
83 United Arab Emirates ...4.1 1.5 80 Libya ....................................0.0
88 Mexico ..........................4.0 1.3 80 Mauritania............................0.0
89 China.............................4.0 1.3 80 Qatar....................................0.0
99 Bahrain..........................3.8 1.6 80 Syria.....................................0.0
SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 2006 SOURCE: US Patent and Trademark Office (March 2006)
part5.fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 269
9.07 9.08

Intellectual property protection Capacity for innovation
Intellectual property protection in your country (1 = is weak or Companies obtain technology (1 = exclusively from licensing or
nonexistent, 7 = is equal to the world’s most stringent) imitating foreign companies, 7 = by conducting formal research and
pioneering their own new products and processes)
9 Singapore......................6.0 0.9 2 Japan ............................6.0 0.8

14 Norway .........................5.8 1.0 15 Norway .........................5.0 1.1
23 Oman ............................5.3 1.4 28 India ..............................4.3 1.3
28 Qatar .............................4.8 1.4 29 Brazil .............................4.1 1.2
31 Tunisia...........................4.6 1.4 43 China.............................3.6 1.3
35 India ..............................4.5 1.5 47 Turkey ...........................3.5 1.2
43 Jordan ...........................4.2 1.5 49 Russian Federation .......3.4 1.3
47 Bahrain..........................4.1 1.6 56 Mexico ..........................3.3 1.1
54 Morocco .......................3.8 1.7 61 Qatar .............................3.2 1.7
59 Kuwait...........................3.6 1.7 75 Jordan ...........................2.9 1.2
63 Egypt ............................3.6 1.7 77 Mauritania .....................2.9 2.2
64 Brazil .............................3.5 1.5 84 Egypt ............................2.9 1.4
269
72 Turkey ...........................3.3 1.4 93 Morocco .......................2.7 1.4
73 Algeria...........................3.3 1.6 108 Syria ..............................2.5 1.3
75 China.............................3.3 1.4 110 Oman ............................2.5 1.6
78 Mauritania .....................3.3 1.4 112 Kuwait...........................2.5 1.5
91 Syria ..............................2.9 1.4 117 Libya .............................2.4 1.6
95 Libya .............................2.8 1.9 122 Bahrain..........................2.4 1.2

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part5.

fin 3/22/07 12:09 PM Page 203

How to Read the Data Tables

I. Institutions Survey data

1.01 1.02 productivity, Oman’s average score is 4.36956 and

How to Read the Data Tables

Sources section at the end of this Report.

List of Data Tables

Section I: Institutions Section VI: Market efficiency

Section III: Macroeconomy Section VII: Technological readiness

Section IV: Health and primary education

Section V: Higher education and training Section IX: Innovation

5: Data Tables | Institutions

11 Singapore......................6.3 0.8 5 Norway .........................6.3 0.6

5: Data Tables | Institutions

1 Singapore......................6.3 0.8 5 Norway .........................6.3 1.0

5: Data Tables | Institutions

5 Singapore......................5.1 1.4 1 Singapore......................5.9 0.7

5: Data Tables | Institutions

2 Singapore......................5.1 1.3 3 Brazil .............................6.2 1.5

5: Data Tables | Institutions

3 Oman ............................6.5 1.0 3 Oman ............................6.7 0.7

5: Data Tables | Institutions

3 Oman ............................6.7 0.7 6 Singapore......................6.2 0.8

5: Data Tables | Institutions

13 Norway .........................5.5 0.7 12 Norway .........................5.7 1.2

5: Data Tables | Institutions

RANK COUNTRY SCORE 1 MEAN: 4.7 7 SD

18 Norway .........................6.0 0.6

SOURCE: World Economic Forum, Executive Opinion Survey 2006

5: Data Tables | Infrastructure

2 Singapore......................6.6 0.5 2 Japan ............................6.6 0.9

5: Data Tables | Infrastructure

1 Singapore......................6.9 0.4 1 Singapore......................6.9 0.4

Data Tables | Infrastructure

RANK COUNTRY SCORE 1 MEAN: 4.5 7 SD RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA

3 Japan ............................6.9 0.7 6 United States.....................60.6

5: Data Tables | Macroeconomy

RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA

1 Kuwait ...............................36.8 1 Kuwait ...............................59.0

5: Data Tables | Macroeconomy

RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA

1 Japan .................................–0.3 2 Japan ...................................1.4

5: Data Tables | Macroeconomy

RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA

2 Libya ....................................1.2 1 Libya ................................–68.2

Business impact of malaria Business impact of tuberculosis

3 Norway .........................6.9 0.5 5 Norway .........................6.8 0.7

5: Data Tables | Health and primary education

RANK COUNTRY SCORE 1 MEAN: 4.9 7 SD RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA

1 Norway .........................6.6 0.7 1 Singapore ............................2.0

Life expectancy Tuberculosis prevalence

RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA

1 Japan .................................82.0 3 United States.......................3.6

5: Data Tables | Health and primary education

RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA

1 Bahrain ................................0.0 1 Egypt ...................................0.0

RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA

SOURCE: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (June 2006); United Nations

Secondary enrollment Tertiary enrollment

RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA RANK COUNTRY HARD DATA

5 Norway ............................115.6 4 United States.....................82.0

5: Data Tables | Higher education and training

2 Singapore......................6.0 0.8 1 Singapore......................6.3 0.8