LECTURE 7 Topic : Design of Flat Belts 1.

. Drives An introduction : Drives are intermediate mechanisms between the driving and driven shafts in order to transmit the power or energy produced in one machine to another machine or between two members of a machine along the variation of shaft speeds. 2. Classification of power transmitting drives: (a) Friction drives, Toothed drives (b) Drives with direct contact , drive with intermediate link and (c) Flexible drives and Rigid drives. 3. Classification of Belt drives : (a) Light duty drives ( below 5kW speed upto 20m/s), Ex:pumps, blowers, fans etc., (b) Medium duty drives ( 5 kW 20 kW and belt speed upto 20m/s), Ex:- machine tools, generators, punches, printing machinery (c) Heavy duty drives (upto 20kW and belt speed is more than 20m/s). 4. Types of Belts: Flat belt, V belt, Toothed or timing belt, round belt 5. Factors influencing the selection of belt drives: (a) Power to be transmitted, (b) Space availability for installation of drives, (c) Speed of machinery shafts and (d) Speed reduction ratio, (e) Distance between the axes of rotating shafts. (g) service conditions due to operating period and surroundings. 6. Materials used for belts: (a) Leather, (b) Cotton fabrics, (c) Rubber, (d) some animals hair (e) silk (f) rayon and (g) woolen 7. Types of Flat belt joints: (a) Cemented joints (b) Crest joints (c) Laced joint and (d) Hinged joint 8. Types of Flat belt drives: (a) Open belt drive, (b) Cross or twist belt drive, (c) Quarter turn drive, (d) Belt drive with idler pulley and (e) Belt drive with many idler pulleys 9. Design procedure for flat belt based on manufactures tables: (a) From the given conditions like power , type of working conditions, diameters of pulleys, speed ratio etc, determine maximum power( design power) as Design power = Rated power X service factor X arc of contact factor(PSG 7.54) (b) Decide the type of belt (ie no of plies of the belt) depending upon the belt speed and diameter of smaller pulley (PSG 7.52) (c) Calculate the belt rating (Power transmitting capacity per mm width) for the above said belt using corresponding relations. (d) Find the required width by dividing the design power by belt capacity, and adopt the next standard available width. (e) Determine the length of the belt based on type of drive and then reduce certain amount of length so as to get initial tension (f) Find out the pulley dimensions

SELECTED PROBLEMS FROM DESIGN OF FLAT BELT DRIVE

1. Select a flat belt to drive a mill at 250 rpm from a 10kW, 730 rpm motor. Center distance is to be around 2m. The mill shaft pulley is of 1m diameter. ( solved problem of class) 2. Design a belt drive to transmit 30 H.P. at 740 rpm to an aluminum rolling machine, the speed ratio being 3.0; the distance between the pulleys is 3m. Diameter of the rollowing machine pulley is 1.2 m 3. A stone crushing machine receives power from a motor rated 50 kW at 1800 rpm by means of flat belts. The pulley diameters are 200mm and 700 mm. Center distance between the two pulleys is 4000mm. Design the belt drives if the direction of rotation of two pulleys are opposite to each other. 4. Design a fabric belt to transmit 12kW from an engine running at 1200 rpm to machine shaft at 480 rpm. The diameter of engine shaft pulley is 300 mm and the distance of engine shaft from machine shaft is 2m . Coefficient of friction is 0.2 5. A pulley of 900 m diameter revolving at 200 rpm is to transmit 7.5 kW. Find the width of a leather belt if the maximum tension is not to exceeed 145 N in 10mm width. The tension in tight side is twice that on the slack side. Determine the diameter of the shaft and the dimension of various parts of the pulley, assuming it to have six arms. Maximum shear stress is not to exceed 63 MN/m2. 6. Design a fabric belt to transmit 15H.P at 450 rpm from an engine to a line shaft at 1200 rpm. The diameter of engine pulley is 600 mm and the center distance between the shafts is 2 meters. 7. Design a flat belt drive to transmit 20 kW at 730 rpm to a rolling machine with a speed ratio of 3. The center distance is nearly 3.5 m The diameter of rolling machine pulley is 1.2 m 8. Select a flat belt to drive a mill at 250 rpm from a 40 kW, 730 rpm, motor. Center distance is to be around 2m. The mill shaft pulley is of 1m diameter.