TABLE OF CONTENT CONTENT 1.Quality Management Training 2.International Organization For Standardization 3.

Occupational Health Safety And Assessment 4.Learning objective of OHSAS 5.TS 7.Learning objective And Scope of TS 8.Company Profile 9.Research Methodology 10.Objective of Research 11.Limitation of Research 13.Recommendation and Suggestion 14.Goals & Challenges 15.Synthesis Matrix 13 14 15,16,17 10 11 PAGE NO 1 2 3 4 5,6 7 8 9

INTRODUCTION My project is to suggest Lean India Consulting group the strategy of training program so that they can make their business of training program unique.LICG, the best Lean Consulting Company in India. They support and help their clients by designing strategies as well implementing them to ensure guaranteed success in terms of sustained profitability and growth.To suggest them I did primary research.I focused on mainly three Quality Management Training like:-ISO,OHSAS & TS. QUALITY MANAGEMENT TRAINING

TQM is an integrative philosophy of management for continuously improving the quality of products and processes. It is used around the world.TQM functions on the premise that the quality of products and processes is the responsibility of everyone who is involved with the creation or consumption of the products or services offered by an organization. In other words, TQM capitalizes on the involvement of management, workforce, suppliers, and even customers, in order to meet or exceed customer expectations. Considering the practices of TQM as discussed in six empirical studies, Cua, McKone, and Schroeder (2001) identified the nine common TQM practices as cross-functional product design, process management, supplier quality management, customer involvement, information and feedback, committed leadership, strategic planning, cross-functional training, and employee involvement. In my internship I have done research on mainly three types of quality management training:1.ISO 2.OHSAS 3.TS ISO(INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION)

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 9001 was prepared byTechnical Committee ISO/TC 176, Quality management and quality assurance, Subcommittee SC 2, Quality systems. There are 3 types of ISO9001 training

1.Awareness of ISO 2.ISO 9001 Lead Auditor training 3.ISO 9001 Internal Auditor Training

1.Awareness of ISO:This is of one day training.This is the theoretical part.This include that What is iso 9001?what it includes?Why it is used? 2.ISO 9001 Lead Auditor Training:External Audits These are audits done outside one's own organization and there are at least two distinct types of external audit second and third party.

Second Party Audits These audits, carried out by one company on another, originally came from the idea of an organization auditing its suppliers. There are a number of reasons why an organization may wish to audit its suppliers. 1. Input to selecting, grading, and approving suppliers 2. Help to improve supplier Quality Management Systems 3. Mutual understanding of quality requirements ISO 9001 Lead Auditor Training - Many major organizations carry out second party audits to advise user departments of areas of weakness in suppliers so appropriate contract and/or surveillance mechanisms can be instigated if the supplier is to be given work. It can also highlight likely additional costs. ISO 9001 Third Party Audits As a result of the growth in interest in Quality Assurance during the 1960s and 1970s, more and more second party audits were being carried out. Some companies in certain fields had to employ people whose sole task was to accompany visiting auditors around the company! Clearly this state of affairs was helping nobody, particularly the supplier.

After considerable discussions at national levels, the ISO 9000 scheme was introduced to rationalize all the assessment schemes as a third party audit operated by an independent body that would certify companies as conforming with the Standard (or not, as the case may be). Various bodies became registration bodies (Registrars) and BSI, UL, SGS, DNV, and NQA are prominent examples.

It was also recognized there should be a body overseeing the activities, principles, and policies of the Registrars. In the USA, that body is the RABQSA. RABQSA International, Inc. was formed January 1st, 2005 from

the merger of the Registrar Accreditation Board and The Quality Society of Australasia International. In Canada, it is the Standards Council of Canada.

The RAB/QSA has developed a National Accreditation Program (NAP) for accrediting Registrars. Any organization wishing to become a Registrar needs to satisfy the various requirements of initial and periodic assessments by the RAB/QSA.

There are different types of registration, but the main interest here is on the Registrars Quality Management System assessment and registration. On payment of an initial fee to the Registrar, they will assess your Quality Management System to ISO 9001 and, depending on the results of the assessment, the organization would become registered.

This is an indication that, at the time of assessment, the organization had the management systems in place to potentially supply product (within the scope of the assessment) in conformity with customer requirements. Thereafter, the organization pays an annual fee for the continuing assessment visits by the Registrar.

ISO 9000 Auditor Training - Accredited Registrars also publish a Register of Certified Companies that includes all Registered Firms. This means that other organizations could use it and might not, in many cases, feel the need to audit those companies. This scheme has grown steadily and many organizations are beginning to take advantage of the benefits.

 For example, buying organizations may use the Registrars Register of Certified Companies to provide some assurance about their suppliers, and selling organizations can use it as a marketing feature. Certainly it saves buying organizations the cost of carrying out audits, and selling organizations the cost and disturbance of undergoing audits.

First party audits :-It is carried out by an organization on itself to confirm to management that their documented quality management system is working effectively. An organizations own defined and documented system forms the basis for this audit. Reasons for a first party audit: 1. Control and feedback mechanism for management 3. Correction of nonconformities before external bodies find them 4. Systematic improvement of the organization ISO 9000 Training - Some thought would, of course, generate further reasons. As in second party, if the audits are done only for reason (1) or (3) above, the value is going to be limited. By establishing an internal audit program, management is making available an extremely useful and powerful tool for improving business, and for assessing the effectiveness of the quality management system. Of course, in considering (3) above, it means that if an organization is to find for itself the kinds of nonconformities that external bodies are likely to find, it should, if possible, carry out its audits in a similar way to the Registrars. It must be remembered that all audits are based on sampling; therefore, there is no guarantee that all nonconformities will be found during the internal audit process.

ISO 9001 internal Auditor Training:-

The training is really two parts - to give you a thorough understanding of the process: 1. It covers the ISO 9001 Standard, gives the students a chance to work with it and get familiar with the requirements. 2. It then guides the students through the audit process of a mock company. They will prepare an audit plan, conduct opening meetings, audit documents and records, document their findings, hold a closing meeting and write the audit report.

Objective of ISO:-

By research of iso 9001 I understand that This is the one-day training program for management explains the purpose, structure and operational nature of an ISO 9001 based management system. The program also demonstrates how the principles and practices outlined within the ISO 9001 Standards integrate with Total Quality concepts, enhance the operability of such activities as MRP, and drive a process of continuous business performance improvement.

Few most important thing I learnt that it is very useful

1. To provide training in the principles of management systems; 2. To provide training in the principles, concepts and requirements of the ISO 9000 series of standards; 3. To provide training which fulfills the training needs for individuals and organizations wishing to understand how to process-map and implement ISO 9001:2008 in a business-friendly, structured manner;

4. To provide delegates with a brief overview into the planning, performing, reporting and follow-up of process-based auditing; 5. To ensure that individual questions receive the most thorough attention possible within the time constraints of the syllabus. 6. To ensure that delegates understand the purpose of a management system in helping an organization to operate with increased effectiveness, consistency and customer satisfaction, with the capability to continually improve the effectiveness of the system.

SCOPE OF ISO:

The ISO 9001 international standard specifies requirements for a quality management system where an organization Throughout implementing the ISO 9001 standard requirements the organization shall demonstrate its ability to supply persistently and continually product that meets specific requirements. Throughout implementing the ISO 9001 standard requirements the organization shall set objective that would ensure implementing effectively a quality management system. The quality management system with a continual improvement to maintain its effectiveness. The requirements of the ISO 9001international standard are generic requirements that are appropriate and applicable for all kinds and sizes of organizations and appropriate and applicable for any kind of product. The organization may exclude some of this standard's requirements. The organization can exclude requirements only from chapter 7 (product realization) and when it is beyond any doubt and provable, that the exclusions do not affect the product's quality. When any requirement specified by the 9001 is irrelevant to the organization due to its nature of activity or nature of its products, it may exclude this requirement with a reasonable explanation.

OHSAS (OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND ASSESMENT SERIES)

Occupational health and safety is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with protecting the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. The goal of all occupational health and safety programs is to foster a safe work environment.[1] As a secondary effect, it may also protect co-workers, family members, employers, customers, suppliers, nearby communities, and other members of the public who are impacted by the workplace environment. It may involve interactions among many subject areas, including occupational medicine, occupational (or industrial) hygiene,public health, safety engineering, chemistry, health physics.

Since 1950, the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have shared a common definition of occupational health. It was adopted by the Joint ILO/WHO Committee on Occupational Health at its first session in 1950 and revised at its twelfth session in 1995. The definition reads: "Occupational health should aim at: the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations; the prevention amongst workers of departures from health caused by their working conditions; the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health; the placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his physiological and psychological capabilities; and, to summarize, the adaptation of work to man and of each man to his job". This standard is based on the methodology known as Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA)

The Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series, OHSAS 18000, has been developed to help organizations control and minimize occupational health and

safety risks. OHSAS 18001 is a specific standard for occupational health and safety management systems designed to eliminate or minimize the risk to employees and other interested parties who may be exposed to occupational health and safety risks associated with the business activities. OHSAS 18001 is compatible with ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 management systems. OHSAS 18001 represents a progression of a management system philosophy, from quality to environmental, continuing to occupational health and safety. OHSAS 18001 focuses on the identification, elimination, and continual improvement of hazards and risks within the work environment. The OHSAS management system methodology is based on planning for hazard identification, risk assessment, and risk control. The OHSAS 18001 Health and Safety Management System (HSMS) incorporates ISO management system elements to address these risks. Many organizations are implementing an Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS) as part of their risk management strategy to address changing legislation and protect their workforce. An OHSMS promotes a safe and healthy working environment by providing a framework that allows organizations to consistently identify and control its health and safety risks, reduce the potential for accidents, aid legislative compliance and improve overall performance.

OHSAS 18001 is the internationally recognized assessment specification for occupational health and safety management systems. It was developed by a selection of leading trade bodies, international standards and certification bodies to address a gap where no third-party certifiable international standard exists. The following key areas are addressed by OHSAS 18001

OHSAS 18001now refers to itself as a standard, not a specification, or document, as in the earlier edition. This reflects the increasing adoption of OHSAS 18001 as the basis for national standards on occupational health and safety management systems. The "Plan-Do-Check-Act" model diagram is only given in the Introduction, in its entirety, and not also as sectional diagrams at the start of each major clause. It is now considered that such "damage" is not directly related to occupational health and safety management, which is the purpose of this OHSAS Standard, and that it is included in the field of asset management. Instead, the risk of such "damage" having an effect on occupational health and safety should be identified through the organization's risk assessment process, and be controlled through the application of appropriate risk controls.

Reason for Occupational Health And Safety:The event of an incident at work (such as legal fees, fines, compensatory damages, investigation time, lost production, lost goodwill from the workforce, from customers and from the wider community).

Legal - Occupational requirements may be reinforced in civil law and/or criminal law; it is accepted that without the extra "encouragement" of potential regulatory action or litigation, many organizations would not act upon their implied moral obligations.

They recognize hazards and measure health and safety risks, set suitable safety controls in place, and give recommendations on avoiding accidents to management and employees in an organisation. This paper looks at the main tasks undertaken by OHS practitioners in Europe, Australia and the USA, and the main knowledge and skills that are required of them. Like it or not, organisations have a duty to provide health and safety training.

An effective training program can reduce the number of injuries and deaths, property damage, legal liability, illnesses, workers' compensation claims, and missed time from work. A safety training program can also help a trainer keep the required OSHA-mandated safety training courses organized and up-to-date.Safety training classes help establish a safety culture in which employees themselves help promote proper safety procedures while on the job. It is important that new employees be properly trained and embrace the importance of workplace safety as it is easy for seasoned workers to negatively influence the new hires. That negative influence however, can be purged with the establishment of new, handson, innovative effective safety training which will ultimately lead to an effective

safety culture. A 1998 NIOSH study concluded that the role of training in developing and maintaining effective hazard control activities is a proven and successful method of intervention.

Identifying Safety And Health Hazards Hazards, risks, outcomes The terminology used in OSH varies between states, but generally speaking:

A hazard is something that can cause harm if not controlled. The outcome is the harm that results from an uncontrolled hazard. A risk is a combination of the probability that a particular outcome will occur and the severity of the harm involved.

Hazard, risk, and outcome are used in other fields to describe e.g. environmental damage, or damage to equipment. However, in the context of OSH, harm generally describes the direct or indirect degradation, temporary or permanent, of the physical, mental, or social well-being of workers. For example, repetitively carrying out manual handling of heavy objects is a hazard. The outcome could be a musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) or an acute back or joint injury. The risk can be expressed numerically (e.g. a 0.5 or 50/50 chance of the outcome occurring during a year), in relative terms (e.g. "high/medium/low"), or with a multi-dimensional classification scheme (e.g. situation-specific risks).

Hazard Assessment Hazard analysis or hazard assessment is a process in which individual hazards of the workplace are identified, assessed and controlled/eliminated as close to source (location of the hazard) as reasonable and possible. As technology, resources, social expectation or regulatory requirements change, hazard analysis

focuses controls more closely toward the source of the hazard. Thus hazard control is a dynamic program of prevention. Hazard-based programs also have the advantage of not assigning or implying there are "acceptable risks" in the workplace. A hazard-based program may not be able to eliminate all risks, but neither does it accept "satisfactory" -- but still riskyoutcomes. And as those who calculate and manage the risk are usually managers while those exposed to the risks are a different group, workers, a hazard-based approach can by-pass conflict inherent in a risk-based approach.

Risk assessment Modern occupational safety and health legislation usually demands that a risk assessment be carried out prior to making an intervention. It should be kept in mind that risk management requires risk to be managed to a level which is as low as is reasonably practical. This assessment should:

Identify the hazards Identify all affected by the hazard and how Evaluate the risk Identify and prioritize appropriate control measures

The calculation of risk is based on the likelihood or probability of the harm being realized and the severity of the consequences. This can be expressed mathematically as a quantitative assessment (by assigning low, medium and high likelihood and severity with integers and multiplying them to obtain a risk factor), or qualitatively as a description of the circumstances by which the harm could arise.

The assessment should be recorded and reviewed periodically and whenever there is a significant change to work practices. The assessment should include practical recommendations to control the risk. Once recommended controls are implemented, the risk should be re-calculated to determine of it has been lowered to an acceptable level. Generally speaking, newly introduced controls should lower risk by one level, i.e., from high to medium or from medium to low

OBJECTIVE OF OHSAS:This course introduces the OHSAS 18001:2007 advantages and guidelines, as well as overview information for any organization desiring to develop an OHSAS management system. It describes requirements to implement the OHSAS 18001:2007 standard, OHSAS documentation, hazard-risk assessment and developing OH&S objectives, as well as OH&S management programs to implement the system. The course also describes how to audit the system, and provides a tool kit of more than 200 questions to use as a checklist when auditing the system, reporting audit findings, implementing the system and taking steps for OHSAS 18001 certification

To know the requirements of OHSAS 18001:2007 Evaluate the relevance of the OHSMS in the context of your business and corporate policies Define the methods by which OHSMS can be implemented as organizational best practices

SCOPE OF OHSAS:-

The scope section of 18001 is a straightforward description of where OHSAS 18001 I intended to apply.There is also a list of organization where OHSAS is applicable.The OHSAS specification is applicable to any organization that wishes to:-

Establish an OHSAS management system to eliminate and minimize risk to employee or any other interested parties who may be exposed to OHSAS activities associates its risk. Implement, maintain & continually improved on OHSAS management system. Assure itself of its conformance with its stated policy Demonstrate such conformance to others.

Seek certification and registration of its OHSAS management system by an external organizations for Make a self determination and declaration of conformance with the OHSAS specification.

TS

ISO/TS16949 is widely recognized quality standard used in the Automotive Industry. The standard is an interpretation of ISO9001 for the Automotive industry and contains requirements such as Quality Control Planning, Failure Mode and Effects Analysis, Statistical Quality Control, Measure System Analysis. This course although wide ranging intends to cover all the issues surrounding

ISO/TS16949 including implementation, auditing and action planning. The ISO/TS16949 is an ISO technical specification aiming to the development of a quality management system that provides for continual improvement, emphasizing defect prevention and the reduction of variation and waste in the supply chain It was prepared by the International Automotive Task Force (IATF) and the "Technical Committee" of ISO. It harmonizes the country-specific regulations of Quality-Management-Systems. About 30 percent of the more than 100 existing automobile manufacturers affiliate the requirements of the norm but especially the large Asian manufacturers have differentiated, own requirements for the quality management systems of their corporate group and their suppliers. TS16949 applies to the design/development, production and, when relevant, installation and servicing of automotive-related products. It is based on ISO 9001.The requirements are intended to be applied throughout the supply chain. For the first time vehicle assembly plants will be encouraged to seek ISO/TS16949 certification. Aim of the standard is to improve the system and process quality to increase customer satisfaction, to identify problems and risks in production process and supply chain, to eliminate its causes and to examine taken corrections and preventive measures for their effectiveness. The focus lies not on the discovery, but on the avoidance of errors.

The main key areas of the standards are:

Introduction and Preface Quality Management System (general requirements, control of documents and records) Responsibility of the management Management of resources

Product realization Measurement, Analysis and Improvement

The process-oriented approach to business processes that is addressed in the ISO 9001:2008 stands at the forefront of the standard. It looks at the business processes in a process environment in which there are interactions and interfaces that need to be recognized, mapped and controlled by the quality management system. Additionally the gateways to the exterior (to sub-suppliers, customers and to remote locations) are defined. The Standard distinguishes between customer-oriented processes, supporting processes and management processes. This process-oriented approach is meant to improve the understanding of the whole process. Not an isolated process, but the entity of all interacting business processes affect the quality performance of a firm.

A key requirement of ISO / TS 16949:2009 is the fulfillment of customer-specific requirements, set up by the automobile manufacturer in addition to the quality management system of their suppliers. This may have decisively contributed to the worldwide recognition of the TS by many manufacturers.ISO/TS 16949 is an ISO technical specification which aligns existing US, German, French and Italian automotive quality system standards within the global automotive industry. It specifies the quality system requirements for the design/development, production, installation and servicing of automotive-related products.

The global automotive industry demands world class levels of product quality, productivity and competitiveness as well as continual improvement. To achieve

this goal many vehicle manufacturers insist that suppliers adhere to strict technical specifications laid out in a quality management standard for suppliers to the automotive sector, known as ISO/TS 16949.ISO/TS 16949 has been developed by the industry, the International Automotive Task Force (IATF), to encourage improvement in both the supply chain and the certification process. In fact, for the majority of leading vehicle manufacturers, certification to this specification is a mandatory requirement for doing business.This specification aligns and supersedes existing US, German, French and Italian automotive quality system standards, including QS-9000, VDA6.1, EAQF and ASQ. It specifies the quality system requirements for the design/development, production, installation and servicing of all automotive-related products. First published in March 1999 and revised in 2002, there are now over 25,000 certificates issued in 80 countries and economies.

LEARNING OBJECTIVE OF TS:Confidence that your Business processes are being effectively audited. Ability of the trained auditors to conduct process approach audits in your organization as required by the Technical specification ISO/TS 16949:2009. Ability of the trained auditors to add value to audited Business processes.

SCOPE OF LEARNING TS:

License to trade For most vehicle manufacturers, certification is a mandatory requirement that is internationally recognized helping you to do business worldwide.

Reduces waste and prevents defects The specification is based on ISO 9001 and encourages a process approach. Understanding the inter-relationship of processes through the use of the standard can

enable improved product and process quality and ultimately avoids variation in the supply chain. Flexible and easy to adopt ISO/TS 16949 is based on ISO 9001, making the process approach easy to adopt and integrate with other key management systems including ISO 14001 Environmental and OHSAS 18001 Occupational Health and Safety. It also complements many existing business improvement tools, such as FMEA, PPAP and Six Sigma. Brand reputation Certification can provide additional confidence and consistency to all interested parties in global sourcing, enabling greater business opportunities and attracting more investment prospects Saves money by avoiding duplication .For suppliers to a number of different vehicle manufacturers, certification to ISO/TS 16949 avoids the need for multiple certificates to VDA6.1, EAQF, QS-9000 and AVSF, thereby eliminating duplication in preparation and documentation as well as second- and third-party audits.

Title of the project

QUALITY MANAGEMENT TRAINING OF LEAN INDIA CONSULTING GROUP

Objective of the Study:

The objective of my project is to suggest a strategy of providing Quality Management Training to Lean India Consulting Group. I have to make a good marketing strategy so that they can make their training program unique.

To suggest them a better marketing strategy I did many primary research and secondary research as well.So the objective of my project is to make questinnarie and do primary research so that I can collect currenr data.

Actual and personal meeting with students and employees has brought me to the reality of the effectiveness of the system and their success. For analyzing the same factor I staked my whole duration of the project and simultaneously for internal study and market watch and other group assignments.

Questionnaire is based on the existing services and the satisfaction level of the existing customers which includes questions like Name, Age, Gender, Income, Investment Frequency, feedback about services which they are provided like conformation, calls, suggestions, solutions on stuck money like dead investment and all. .

C. Scope of the study:

Scope the this study is it will assist LICG to get its own well planned Training and Certification programm and it will get all the important things before eyes to apply all the possible ways to provide a superb service to the customers and accordingly make them loyal and retain them long lasting and also to get new customers to be served. Scopes can be stated in few points as follows. Make their training progamm unique

To identify their goals and challenges related to their training and certification

Retain more students

Profitability Increment

Reputation and credibility Increment, etc.

The main aim of these of these project is not only retaining more and more students. The main job was to make its training program as much unique and have that much of features that is that lack of other company.

COMPANY PROFILE

Lean India Consulting Group (LICG), is promoted by JCE Management Services Pvt Ltd. JCE has been providing services to the organizations in Lean /Organizational Transformation / Operations Excellence for the last over ten years and has served many organizations in India and abroad. Lean India Consulting Group, a unit promoted by JCE Management Services Pvt Ltd.JCE has been in the business of Lean Excellence/Organizational Transformation / Operations Excellence for the last ten years and has served many companies in India . Our Lean Consultants are Lean thinkers who help clients to embed the Continues Improvement culture all across the organization LICG,the best Lean Consulting Company in India. We support and help our clients by designing strategies as well implementing them to ensure guranteed success in terms of sustained profitability and growth. Their team of more than 100 consultants worldwide are trained by Lean Sensei's and are completely hands on and believe in Implementation. We specialize in business transformation of your business Operations ,be it New Product Development ; Supply Chain Optimization ; Lean Accounting practices; Operations Optimization . We engage and partner with organizations to help them be "Future Ready" with our comprehensive model and approach of Total Enterprise Transformation ( TET ). Thru introduction of Innovative Lean Business models ,we ensure installation of a Continual Excellence culture in your organization. This site is a public meeting place that provides members of Lean India Consulting Group with a shared calendar, discussion forums, member profiles, photo gallery, file storage and more. We encourage you to upload your photo, complete your profile and participate!

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research is a process of collecting, analyzing and interpreting information to answer questions. But to qualify as research, the process must have certain characteristics: it must, as far as possible, be controlled, rigorous, systematic, valid and verifiable, empirical and critical Reseach can be done in two ways:1.Primary Research 2.Secondary research

PRIMARY RESEARCH:Primary research (also called field research) involves the collection of data that does not already exist, which is research to collect original data. Primary Research is often undertaken after the researcher has gained some insight into the issue by collecting secondary data. This can be through numerous forms, including questionnaires, direct observation and telephone interviews amongst others. This information may be collected in things like questionnaires and interviews.

There are basic approaches to data collections using primary methods: [Qualitative research] includes interviews, focus groups, participant observations and ethnographies.

 [Quantitative research]includes controlled laboratory experiments, field work, questionnaires and surveys. The term primary research is widely used in academic research, market research and competitive intelligence. SECONDARY RESEARCH:Secondary research (also known as desk research) involves the summary, collation and/or synthesis of existing research rather than primary research, where data is collected from, for example, research subjects or experiments. The term is widely used in market research and in medical research. The principal methodology in medical secondary research is the systematic review, commonly using meta-analytic statistical techniques, although other methods of synthesis, like realist reviews and meta-narrative[2] reviews, have been developed in recent years. In archaeology and landscape history, desk research is contrasted with fieldwork. Secondary research can come from either internal or external sources. The proliferation of web search engines has increased opportunities to conduct secondary research without paying fees to database research providers.

OBJECTIVE OFPRIMARY RESEARCH:-

Addresses specific research issues as the researcher controls the search design to fit their needs Great control, not only does primary research enable the marketer to focus on specific subjects, it also enables the researcher to have a higher control over how the information is collected. Taking this into account, the researcher can decide on such requirements as size of project, time frame and location of research. Efficient spending for information, primary data collection focus on issues specific to the researcher, improving the chances that the research funds are spent efficiently. Proprietary information, primary data collected by the researcher is their own.

OBJECTIVE OF SECONDARY RESEARCH:Secondary research is research already published, and is the cheapest form of research because the data already exists for your acquisition. Secondary research can be split into internal and external research.

Internally an organization has access to a wealth of information, which can be a useful tool for decision making for managers. Information available may assist the organization in discovering why sales are decreasing, why customers are not satisfied, customer usage rates and so on. Sources of internal research may include:

National product sales.

Regional product sales. Customer usage rates. Guarantee cards. Customer comments or complaints. Sales people, research and development staff. Past research conducted.

Clearly as this information can be generated internally the only cost implication will be of staff time obtaining the data.

External Secondary Research Sources of external secondary data include:

Periodicals. Specialist marketing reports i.e Mintel Industry magazines. Chamber of commerce. Government statistics. Internet. Professional bodies. Trade associations.

LIMITATION OF PRIMARY RESEARCH:-

Compared to secondary research, primary data may be very expensive in preparing and carrying out the research. In order to be done properly, primary data collection requires the development and execution of a research plan. It is longer to undertake primary research than to acquire secondary data. Some research projects, while potentially offering information that could prove quite valuable, may not be within the reach of a researcher. May be very expensive because many people need to be confronted. By the time the research is complete it may be out of date. People may have to be employed or avoid their primary duties for the duration of the research. People may not reply if emails or letters are used.

LIMITATION OF SECONDARY RESEARCH:-

It is easy to find and collect secondary data., however, you need to be aware of the limitations the data may have and the problems that could arise if these limitations are ignored.

Secondary data can be general and vague and may not really help companies with decision making. The information and data may not be accurate. The source of the data must always be checked. The data maybe old and out of date. The sample used to generate the secondary data maybe small. The company publishing the data may not be reputable.

To do primary research I made a questionnaire so that I can collect primary data. For secondary research I collected data from internet, magazines etc.

RECOMMENDATION AND SUGGESTION For recommendation and suggestion I did analysis on collected primary and secondary data. And then I applied 80/20 rule to the analyzed data. By applying 80/20 rule I come to know that which hypothesis is acceptable and which should be rejected?

80/20 RULE The 80/20 rule is one of the great truths of business. It is a rule of thumb that says 80 percent of an effect under study will be generated by 20 percent of the examples analyzed. This rule dates back to the economist Vilfredo Pareto. While researching economic conditions in his native Italy, Pareto determined that 20 percent of the population owned 80 percent of the land. Subsequently, while working in his garden, he discovered that about 80 percent of his peas came from just 20 percent of his plants. Based on these and other observations, he determined that for any series of elements under study, a small fraction of the number of elements usually accounts for a large fraction of the effect. If 80 percent of your sales come from 20 percent of your sales force, then what is that 20 percent doing right , and how can the 80 percent be brought up to speed? Do you really need the other 80 percent at all? As you can see, a little bit of 80/20 can go a long way.

In this project I have applied 80/20rule.By applying 80/20 rule I can find out of 54 initial hypothesis only 19 hypothesis ois required for my research.

SYNTHESIS MATRIX:Generally a matrix is a combination of rows and columns. So synthesis matrix is a combination of goals and challenges .In this matrix goals and challenges are categorized on the base of its difficulties. It says that the toughest challenge should be taken first.

GOALS:A goal or objective is a desired result a person or a system envisions plans and commits to achievea personal or organizational desired end-point in some sort of assumed development. Many people endeavor to reach goals within a finite time by setting deadlines. It is roughly similar to purpose or aim, the anticipated result which guides reaction, or an end, which is an object, either a physical object or an abstract object, that has intrinsic value.

CHALLENGES:A challenge is a general term referring to things that are imbued with a sense of difficulty and victory. For Lean India Consulting Group I made 5*5 matrixes. My project is to give suggestion on training and certification more attractive.

According to me Goals and Challenges are following:G1:-To make training programmed unique C1:-We should add value to its training programmed C2:-The expertise should be well experienced and well qualified C3:-Course structure should be unique G2:-LICG should market its training program properly C1:-It should advertise it properly C2:-It should make aware in market about its training program G3:-LICG should increase selling of its training program C1:-it should satisfy the candidate requirement C2:-Training programmers should have sales and promotion activity C3:-It should be affordable for the candidate G4:-It should expand its business of training C1:-Training program availability should be improve C2:-This training program should be available to outsider also. G1 C1 C2 C3 C4 A1 B1 C1 D1 G2 A2 B2 C2 D2 G3 A3 B3 C3 D3 G4 A4 B4 C4 D4

In this matrix we will rank the goal and challenges like High ,Medium & Low.I rate them by numbering of 9,3 &1.

G1 C1 C2 C3 C4 9 1 3 D1

G2 9 3 C2 D2

G3 9 3 1 D3

G4 1 9 C4 D4

According to this matrix the toughest challenge should be taken first. The for challenge of challenge C1G1 I have found 3 solution Recommendation1:-LICG should provide study material. Recommendation2:-LICG should provide flexible time to their candidates Recommendation3:-LICG should flexible mode of training

SUGGESTION:-So for this challenge I recommend that LICG should provide more study material so that candidate can do self study. And by flexible time I mean that as LICG is providing QMT .And this training mainly for employers .So they are already in job. So that they dont have much free time. So that it should have flexible time so that when they want they can do their training. For the G1C3 I recommend the following solution Recommendation1:-Course structure should be divide in 3 parts Recommendation2:-Mode of providing training should be divided Recommendation3:-There should be facility of online teaching SUGGESTION:-Course structure should be divided in three parts Like awareness, lead auditor training, Internal auditor training. so that if any candidate only wants to do only one part then they can do iit easily. For challenges of G1C2 I would recommend the following solution:-

Recommendation1:-We should hire well experienced and well qualified expertise SUGGESTION:-The faculty should be of well qualified and of 15-20 years experience so that they can add value to their training program. For the challenge of G2C1 I would recommend the following suggestion Recommendation1:- LICG should advertise its training program on internet ,TV ,Radio ,Newspaper and magazines. Recommendation2:-It should give posters in market Recommendation3:-It should distribute its brochure and catalogue in colleges and organizations SUGGESTION:-I would suggest the LICG that they should apply all modes of advertisement so that it can attract the customers. For the challenge of G3C1 I would recommend the following suggestion Recommendation1:-LICG should consider the candidate requirement like leave, break.Mode of Class SUGESTION:-By taking candidate requirement they can easily attract to their company. G3C2:G3C3:- For the challenge of G3C3 I would recommend the following suggestion Recommendation1:-They should give discount on fees SUGESTION:-They should have mode of payment of course feeand they should give discount on course fee so that any student can aafford it easily. G4C2:- For the challenge of G4C2 I would recommend the following suggestion Recommendation1:-LICG should make a team of employers who can go outside of Delhi to provide QMT SUGESTION:-By providing training outside of delhi they can expand their business G4C1:- For the challenge of G4C1 I would recommend the following suggestion

Recommendation1:-They should give training on different mode Like at first they should give training on their company. Recommendation2:-They can provide training to the employers of to.So that they can take contracts train employers of other organizations. Recommendation3:-They should provide training in different colleges or institutions by adding into their course syllabus. SUGGESTION:-According to my solution LICG can expand their business of training in 3 above mention ways.

CONCLUSION