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Introduction -------------------------------------------
Aim -------------------------------------------
Task Specification-------------------------------------------
Conclusion -------------------------------------------
Acknowledgements -------------------------------------------
~Introduction~
Figure 1
Procedure:
(a) Suggest at least two pairs of variables for the horizontal and
vertical axes to obtain a linear relation.
For each pair, plot the graphs to draw the lines of best fit
manually and by using ICT.
Graph of against
Graph of against
2
T
(b) Estimating the gradients of both graphs
or
T = y-axis
= x-axis
So gradient =
Percentage of error =
= 13.898%
Comment:
The value obtained from the experiment is higher by 1.363 from the
actual value of g, which is 9.807. The reason is the experiment not
conducted in an enclosed system, therefore, many factors can
influence the accuracy of the results obtained, such as air movement,
and air resistance.
or
= y-axis
= x-axis
So gradient =
Percentage of error =
= 0.642%
Comment:
If compared with the first graph, the percentage of error is much
smaller. The first value of obtained is slightly higher than the actual
value of , but the second value of obtained is a bit higher than the
actual value. This is probably caused by the presence of air
resistance. Another probable cause of the deviation of the value from
the actual value is that the pendulum bob did not oscillate in a plane
but in a circle.
(d) Using the graph with the least percentage of error to determine the
length of the string that will produce a complete oscillation in 1
second.
The graph with the least percentage of error is the graph showing
against .
When = 1,
25.00cm is the length of string that will produce a complete oscillation
in 1 second.
4. The counting of the pulse is started when he says start and stopped when
he says stop after 30 oscillations.
~Conclusion~
The period of the pendulum swinging in air and in water varies, as the
water resistance is stronger, compared to air resistance.
The pendulum is not affected by gravity, but due to internal
resistance, hinge resistance and air resistance, it is not able to
oscillate continuously, i.e becoming a perpetual machine.
~Acknowledgements~