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(GROUP A) Gamelan
A gamelan is a musical ensemble from Indonesia, typically from the islands of Bali or Java, featuring a variety of instruments such as met allophones, xylophones, drums and gongs; bamboo flutes, bowed and plucked strings. Vocalists may also be included. The term refers more to the set of instruments than to the players of those instruments. A gamelan is a set of instruments as a distinct entity, built and tuned to stay together instruments from different gamelan are generally not interchangeable.
History: Gamelan
The gamelan predates the Hindu-Buddhist culture that dominated Indonesia in its earliest records and instead represents a native art form. The instruments developed into their current form during the Majapahit Empire. In contrast to the heavy Indian influence in other art forms, the only obvious Indian influence in gamelan music is in the Javanese style of singing. Indonesia Gamelan In Javanese mythology, the gamelan was created by Sang Hyang Guru in Saka era 167 (c. AD 230), the god who ruled as king of all Java from a palace on the Maendra mountains in Medangkamulan (now Mount Lawu). He needed a signal to summon the gods and thus invented the gong. For more complex messages, he invented two other Gongs, thus forming the original gamelan set. The earliest image of a musical ensemble is found on the 8th century Borobudur temple, Central Java. Musical instruments such as the bamboo flute, bells, drums in various sizes, lute, and bowed and plucked string instruments were identified in this image. However it lacks
metallophones and xylophones. Nevertheless, the image of this musical ensemble is suggested to be the ancient form of the gamelan.
Malay and Javanese gamelan Gamelan is derived from the Javanese language 'gamel' which means tabuh or hit. It coincides with the category of musical instruments of the gamelan, below or percussion. It should be sounded by selfishness means beaten or hit him. Gamelan musical instruments made of brass and of iron and wood and bamboo. Bronze is a mixture of copper and tin. In terms of equipment, the adjustment it has been prescribed or fixed tuning. As we all know, games gamelan music is played or performed by an ensemble or group, and it can be performed individually. The first tool created is gamelan gongs (in existence since the Malay Civilisation 1). Then, other devices exist in the times. In the early years of the Malay civilization, gong to be very important tool as a sign to start a ritual and to mark an event occurs. In contrast, in the days of government Demak in Java. Where, at the time of gamelan has been used for preaching by sunan (Kiai). But now, gamelan has been known worldwide as a unique ethnic music with their own privileges. Actually, this gamelan in several other countries as well. It is believed to have originated from Indonesia and there is also a gamelan instrument similar in other countries like the Philippines, Thailand, Cambodia, and part of Vietnam, as well as in our own country is in Kulintangan (Sabah), Sarawak, Brunei, Mindanao, and Celebes. There may be differences in its name as a place where it is but the form of equipment and the arrangement is the same. There are several types of gamelan in seluh world including the Malay Gamelan, Javanese gamelan, Balinese gamelan, Sundanese gamelan, Gamelan Banyuwangi, Gambang Keromong, and the American Gamelan.
Bonang
Gambang
Saron
Kenong
Gendang
Gong
instruments. Games and presentation is also more complex. Set of Javanese gamelan instruments of drums memgandungi 9 instruments (ketipung, jiblon, bem), Bonang / keromong, demung, Sharon booth, Sharon rectifier / Pekin, xylophone, kenong, kempol and gongs.
Slendro has five tones per octave, namely: 1 2 3 5 6 [C-D E + G] - a small interval of difference Pelog has tones per octave, namely: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 [C + D E F # G # AB] - a big difference in the interval
Skel Pelog