Guidelines to Project Proponents for Preparation of EIA Report

SEAC, Gujarat
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Dr. K. U. Mistry Shri C. N. Pandey Dr. M. I. Patel Shri T. P. Singh Shri Bharat Jain Shri Hardik Shah Chairman Vice-chairman Member Member Member Secretary

State Level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC),

Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Paryavaran Bhavan, Sector 10-A, Gandhinagar - 382010, Gujarat

Preface
The Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, vide its Notification No. S.O. 1533 dated 14-09-2006, reengineered the EIA process in India and also decentralized some powers and made provision to constitute the State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) and the State Level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) for performing functions under the said Notification. For the Gujarat State, the SEIAA and SEAC were constituted vide the MoEF, GOI, Notification No. S.O.948 (E) dated 12-06-2007 and the Gujarat State, Forests and Environment Dept. Resolution No. ENV/10.2006/176/P dated 25/07/2007. The SEIAA and SEAC in Gujarat started their functioning with a first introductory meeting on 04/07/2007 arranged at Gandhinagar. After several meetings with project proponents, it was felt necessary by the SEAC to issue some guidelines for the following purposes : 1 For some common aspects of EIA and EC processes to achieve the objectives of the EIA Notification, 2006 in a better way. 2 For avoiding repetition of some common queries and saving time of discussion and to make the whole procedure simple. 3 For suggesting some technical and legal requirements for EIA purpose. 4 For seeking specific qualitative and quantitative information for efficient pollution control and accident prevention. 5 For bringing more perfection in preparing EIA Reports. 6 For sharpening decision process of screening, scoping and appraisal of the projects. These guidelines would also help the project proponents to make the safe environmental design for the project and to avoid major changes in the project at subsequent stages of construction, operation, maintenance and wastes disposal. These guidelines are not the substitute of any legal requirement. Prescribed Forms (e.g. Form 1, Form 1A, etc. of the EIA Notification) are to be submitted as required. These guidelines are published in good faith to help the project proponents. They are to be used along with other necessary information and experience.
We hope the project proponents, environmental consultants and all who are concerned with EIA process will appreciate this effort and will be benefited by these guidelines. Suggestions in this regard are always welcome.

(Dr. K. U. Mistry) Chairman SEAC, Gujarat 2

Contents:
Part A : General aspects of EIA preparation.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 2 3 4 Highlights of EIA Notification 2006 as amended in 2009. Objectives of the SEAC, Gujarat. General Guidelines for Project Proponents. Alternatives Analysis in EIA. Siting criteria. Flora and Fauna. Cleaner Production. Water Environment. Air Environment. Land Environment. Noise Environment. Protection of Workers and Public from adverse impacts. Risk Management Parking Area, Entry & Exit criteria. Greenbelt Development. Information required from all projects. Information required from Chemical Projects. Construction Projects. Mining Projects. Format of first presentation by applicant before the SEAC, Gujarat. (For industrial projects other than chemical industries) Format of first presentation by applicant before the SEAC, Gujarat. (For chemical industry projects) Application of Remote Sensing and Satellite Images in Environment Impact Assessment some important aspects required to be considered while preparing the EIA reports. Some Useful Terminology / Definitions. List of National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries and Conservation Reserve in Gujarat National Ambient Air Quality Standards Some useful Books / Publications. Some useful Websites. Some useful Journals.
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5 12 13 15 16 16 20 21 23 23 24 25 26 28 28 32 32 32 34 37 44 51

Part B : Project Specific Aspects.

Annexure:
A B C

Appendix :
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 52 56 58 60 60 60

Abbreviations:
APCM B.P. BOD CETP CHWI COD CP CPCB CPP CRZ DG DMP EC EIA EPZ ESP ETP Fl. P. FSI GDCR GFR GOI GPCB IBR IDLH IUCN KLD LC50 LD50 LEL LEV MCA MoEF NBC NGO SEAC SEIAA SEZ SIB SOP SPCB SS STEL TDS TLV TOC TOR TPA TPD TSDF UEL UT Air Pollution Control Measures Boiling Point Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand Common Effluent Treatment Plant Common Hazardous Waste Incinerator Chemical Oxygen Demand Cleaner Production Central Pollution Control Board Captive Power Plant Coastal Regulation Zone Diesel Generator Disaster Management Plan Environmental Clearance Environment Impact Assessment Export Processing Zone Electrostatic Precipitator Effluent Treatment Plant Flash Point Floor Space Index General Development Control Regulations Gujarat Factories Rules Government of India Gujarat Pollution Control Board Indian Boiler Regulations Immediate Danger To Life & Health International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Kilo Liters Per Day Lethal Concentration which may kill 50% of the samples of the same body weight. Lethal Dose which may kill 50% of the samples of the same body weight. Lower Explosive Limit Local Exhaust Ventilation Maximum Credible Accident Ministry of Environment & Forests National Building Code Non Government Organization State Level Expert Appraisal Committee State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority Special Economic Zone Small Industrial Boiler Standard Operating Procedure State Pollution Control Board Suspended Solids Short Term Exposure Limit Total Dissolved Solids Threshold Limit Value Total Organic Carbon Terms of Reference Tons Per Annum Tons Per Day Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility Upper Explosive Limit Union Territories 4

Part A : General aspects of EIA preparation

1. Highlights of EIA Notification 2006, as amended in 2009:
The Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, exercising the powers conferred upon it under the provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, issued the Environment Impact Assessment Notification, 2006. It is a modified version of the previous Notification of 1994. The basic objective of the Environment Impact Assessment is to identify, predict, mitigate and communicate the possible impacts due the proposed project to the Government authority and people likely to be affected and incorporate the conditions for construction, operation, maintenance and waste disposal phases of the project to mitigate the negative (adverse) impacts and enhance the positive impacts for the sustainable development of the region. The EIA Notification, 2006 along with amendments is available as a public document on the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of Indias website www.envfor.nic.in. Some important features of the said Notification are highlighted below:1. Prior Environmental Clearance (EC) is required by all new projects or activities listed in the Schedule of the EIA Notification 2006 (As amended up to December 2009), which is reproduced below. EC is required before commencement of any construction work or preparation of land by the project management. 2. Prior EC is also required by the existing projects or activities if its capacity is likely to exceed the threshold limit mentioned in the said Schedule. 3. All category B projects where general condition does not apply, the project proponents are required to apply to the SEAC who will hear the case according to the procedure laid down in the EIA notification and based on whose recommendation, EC may be granted or rejected by the SEIAA. 4. For all category A projects and also category B projects where general condition applies, the project proponents are required to apply directly to the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, who would consider the project for grant or rejection of the EC based on the recommendation of the Expert Appraisal Committee at the central level.

SCHEDULE
(See paragraph 2 and 7 of the EIA Notification, 2006) LIST OF PROJECTS OR ACTIVITIES REQUIRING PRIOR ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE (As amended up to December 2009)
Category with threshold limit Project or Activity A B Mining, extraction of natural resources and power generation (for a specified production capacity) (3) (4) (5) (i) >50 ha of mining lease (i) <50 ha >5 ha of mining General Condition shall area in respect of non- lease area in respect of apply. coal mine lease. non-coal mine lease. >150 ha of mining lease <150 ha > 5 ha of mining Note: Mineral prospecting area in respect of coal lease area in respect of coal is exempted. mine lease. mine lease. Asbestos mining irrespective of mining area. (ii) --Conditions if any

1 (a) ( (1) 1(a) (2) (i)Mining of minerals.

1(b)

(ii) Slurry pipelines (coal lignite and other ores) passing through national parks / sanctuaries / (ii) All projects. coral reefs, ecologically sensitive areas. Offshore and All projects onshore oil and gas exploration, development & production River Valley projects

---

1(c)

1(d)

Thermal Plants

(i) 50 MW hydroelectric (i) < 50 MW power generation; hydroelectric generation; (ii) 10,000 ha. of (ii) < 10,000 ha. of culturable command area culturable command area Power > 500 MW <500MW (coal/lignite/naphtha and (coal/lignite/naphtha and gas based); gas based); > 50 MW (Pet coke, <50 MW >5 MW (Pet coke, diesel and all other fuels diesel and all other fuels including refinery residual including refinery residual oil oil waste except waste except biomass); biomass); > 20 MW (based on <20MW > 15MW (based on biomass or non biomass or non hazardous hazardous municipal municipal solid waste as solid waste as fuel). fuel).

Note : Exploration Surveys (not involving drilling) are exempted provided the concession areas have got previous clearance for physical survey 25 MW General Condition shall power apply

General Condition shall apply. Note: (i) Power plants up to 15 MW, based on biomass and using auxiliary fuel such as coal / lignite / petroleum products up to 15% are exempt. (ii) Power plants up to 15 MW, based on nonhazardous municipal waste and using auxiliary fuel such as coal / lignite /petroleum products up to 15% are exempt. (iii) Power plants using waste heat boiler without any auxiliary fuel are exempt.

1(e)

Nuclear projects processing nuclear fuel

power All projects and of

(1) 2 2(a)

(2)

(3)

(4) Primary Processing

(5)

Coal washeries

2 (b)

Mineral beneficiation

ton/annum General Condition shall 1 million ton/annum <1million throughput of coal apply throughput of coal (If located within mining area the proposal shall be appraised together with the mining proposal) 0.1million ton/annum General Condition shall 0.1million ton/annum < mineral throughput apply mineral throughput (Mining proposal with Mineral beneficiation shall be appraised together for grant of clearance) Materials Production

3 3(a)

Metallurgical a)Primary metallurgical industries (ferrous & industry - All projects non ferrous) b) Sponge iron Sponge iron manufacturing manufacturing <200TPD 200TPD c)Secondary Secondary metallurgical metallurgical processing processing industry industry All toxic and heavy metal i.)All toxic and heavy metal producing units producing units 20,000 tonnes /annum <20,000 tonnes/annum ii.) All other non toxic secondary metallurgical processing industries >5000 tonnes/annum

3( b)

Cement plants

1.0 million <1.0 million tonnes/annum capacity. All tonnes/annum production production Stand alone grinding units capacity Materials Processing

General condition shall apply. Note: (i) The recycling industrial units registered under the HSM Rules, are exempted. (ii) In case of secondary metallurgical processing industrial units, those projects involving operation of furnaces only such as induction and electric arc furnace, submerged arc furnace, and cupola with capacity more than 30,000 tonnes per annum (TPA) would require environmental clearance. (iii) Plant/units other than power plants (given against entry no. 1(d) of the schedule), based on municipal solid waste (non-hazardous) are exempted. General Condition shall apply

4 4(a) Petroleum industry refining All projects -

4(b) 4(c )

Coke oven plants

2,50,000 tonnes/annum Asbestos milling and All projects asbestos based products

<2,50,000 & 25,000 tonnes/annum -

General apply. -

condition

shall

(1) 4(d)

(2) Chlor-alkali industry

(3) (4) 300 TPD production (i) All projects irrespective of capacity or a unit located the size, if it is located in a out side the notified Notified Industrial Area / Estate. industrial area/ estate (ii) < 300 tonnes per day (TPD) and located outside a Notified Industrial Area/Estate.

(5) General as well as specific conditions shall apply. No new Mercury Cell based plants will be permitted and existing units converting to membrane cell technology are exempt from the notification. -

4(e) 4(f)

Soda ash Industry Leather/skin/hide processing industry

All projects New projects outside the industrial area or expansion of existing units out side the industrial area

All new or expansion of General as well as projects located within a specific conditions shall notified industrial area/ apply. estate

5 5(a) Chemical fertilizers

Manufacturing/Fabrication All projects except Single Single super phosphate Super Phosphate. All units technical pesticides producing grade -

5(b)

5(c)

5(d) 5(e)

5(f)

Pesticides industry and pesticide specific intermediates (excluding formulations) Petro-chemical complexes (industries based on processing of petroleum fractions & natural gas and/or reforming to aromatics) Manmade fibres manufacturing Petrochemical based processing (processes other than cracking & reformation and not covered under the complexes) Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic organic chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical intermediates)

All projects

Rayon

General Condition shall apply Located out side the Located in a notified General as well as notified industrial area/ industrial area/ estate specific conditions shall estate apply. -

Others

Located out side the Located in a notified General as well as notified industrial area/ industrial area/ estate specific conditions shall estate apply.

(1) 5(g)

(2) Distilleries

(3) (i)All Molasses distilleries

(4) based General apply

(5) Condition

shall

(ii) All Cane juice/ non- All Cane juice/non-molasses molasses based based distilleries <30 KLD distilleries 30 KLD 5(h) Integrated industry paint All projects General apply Condition shall

5(i)

5(j)

Pulp & paper industry excluding manufacturing of paper from waste paper and manufacture of paper from ready pulp with out bleaching Sugar Industry

Pulp manufacturing and

Paper manufacturing General industry without pulp apply Pulp & Paper manufacturing manufacturing industry -

Condition

shall

5000 tcd cane crushing General apply capacity Service Sectors

Condition

shall

6 6(a) Oil & gas All projects transportation pipe line (crude and refinery/ petrochemical products), passing through national parks /sanctuaries/coral reefs /ecologically sensitive areas including LNG Terminal Isolated storage & handling of hazardous chemicals (As per threshold planning quantity indicated in column 3 of schedule 2 & 3 of MSIHC Rules 1989 amended 2000)

6(b)

All projects

General apply

Condition

shall

7 7(a) Air ports

Physical Infrastructure including Environmental Services All projects including airstrips, which are for commercial use. Note: Air strips, which do not involve bunkering / refueling facility and or Air Traffic Control, are exempted. -

7(b)

All ship breaking All projects yards including ship breaking units

(1) 7(c)

(2) Industrial estates/ parks/ complexes/ areas, export processing Zones (EPZs), Special Economic Zones (SEZs), Biotech Parks, Leather Complexes.

(3) (4) If at least one industry in Industrial estates housing the proposed industrial at least one Category B estate falls under the industry and area <500 ha. Category A, entire industrial area shall be treated as Category A, irrespective of the area.

Industrial estates with area greater than 500 ha. and housing at least one Category B industry.

Industrial estates of area> 500 ha. and not housing any industry belonging to Category A or B.

7(d)

7(e)

Common hazardous waste treatment, storage and disposal facilities (TSDFs) Ports, harbours, break waters, dredging.

All integrated facilities having incineration &landfill or incineration alone 5 million TPA of cargo handling capacity (excluding fishing harbours)

All facilities having land fill only

(5) General as well as specific conditions shall apply. Note: 1. Industrial Estate of area below 500 ha. and not housing any industry of Category A or B does not require clearance. 2. If the area is less than 500 ha. but contains building and construction projects > 20,000 Sq. mtr. and or development area more than 50 ha it will be treated as activity listed at serial no. 8(a) or 8(b) in the Schedule, as the case may be. General Condition shall apply

< 5 million TPA of cargo handling capacity and/or ports/ harbours 10,000 TPA of fish handling capacity

7(f)

Highways

i) New National ways; and

High (i) All State Projects; and

General Condition shall apply Note: 1. Capital dredging inside and outside the ports or harbors and channels are included; 2. Maintenance dredging is exempt provided it formed part of the original proposal for which Environment Management Plan (EMP) was prepared and environmental clearance obtained. Highway General Condition shall apply.

7(g)

Aerial ropeways

ii) Expansion of National High ways greater than 30 KM, involving additional right of way greater than 20m involving land acquisition and passing through more than one State. (i) All projects located at altitude of 1,000 mtr. and above. (ii) All projects located in notified ecologically sensitive areas.

(ii) State Highway expansion Note: projects in hilly terrain Highways (above 1,000 m AMSL) and expressways. or ecologically sensitive areas.

include

All projects except those covered in column (3).

General apply

Condition

shall

7(h)

7(i)

Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) Common Municipal Solid Waste Management Facility (CMSWMF)

All projects

General apply General apply

Condition

shall

All projects

Condition

shall

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(1) 8 8(a)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

Building /Construction projects/Area Development projects and Townships Building Construction projects and 20000 sq.mtrs and <1,50,000 sq.mtrs. of builtup area# #(built up area for covered construction; in the case of facilities open to the sky, it will be the activity area ) ++ All projects under Item 8(b) shall be appraised as Category B1

8(b)

Townships and Area Development projects.

Covering an area 50 ha and or built up area 1,50,000 sq .mtrs ++

General Condition (GC): Any project or activity specified in Category B will be treated as Category A, if located in whole or in part within 10 km from the boundary of: (i) Protected areas notified under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972; (ii) Critically polluted areas as identified by the Central Pollution Control Board from time to time; (iii) Eco-sensitive areas as notified under section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, such as, Mahabaleshwar Panchgani, Matheran, Pachmarhi, Dahanu, Doon Valley, and (iv) inter-State boundaries and international boundaries: Provided that the requirement regarding distance of 10 km of the inter-State boundaries can be reduced or completely done away with by an agreement between the respective States or UTs sharing the common boundary in case the activity does not fall within 10 kilometers of the areas mentioned at item (i), (ii) and (iii) above. Specific Condition (SC): If any Industrial Estate / Complex / Export processing Zones / Special Economic Zones / Biotech Parks / Leather Complex with homogeneous type of industries such as Items 4(d), 4(f), 5(e), 5(f), or those Industrial estates with pre defined set of activities (not necessarily homogeneous) obtains prior environmental clearance, individual industries including proposed industrial housing within such estates /complexes will not be required to take prior environmental clearance, so long as the Terms and Conditions for the industrial estate/complex are complied with estates/complexes must (Such

have a clearly identified management with the legal responsibility of

ensuring adherence to the Terms and Conditions of prior environmental clearance, who may be held responsible for violation of the same throughout the life of the complex/estate).

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5.

The following important aspects shall also have to be followed by the project proponents : (1) The projects involving clearance under Coastal Regulation Zone Notification, 1991, shall submit with the application a CRZ map duly demarcated by one of the authorized agencies, showing the project activities, w.r.t. CRZ (at the stage of TOR) and the recommendations of the State Coastal Zone Management Authority (at the stage of EC). Simultaneous action shall also be taken to obtain the requisite clearance under the provisions of the CRZ Notification, 1991 for the activities to be located in the CRZ. The projects to be located within 10 km of the National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals, the project proponent shall submit the map duly authenticated by the Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis-a-vis the project location and the recommendations or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden thereon (at the stage of EC). All correspondence with the SEAC and SEIAA including submission of application for TOR/Environmental Clearance, subsequent clarifications, as may be required from time to time, participation in the SEAC meeting on behalf of the project proponent shall be made by the authorized signatory only. The authorized signatory should also submit a document in support of his claim of being an authorized signatory for the specific project. The SEAC can inspect the site of EC application with prior notice to the applicant. The project proponent / applicant will provide necessary facilities for inspection. Applicant will apply in Form 1 with prefeasibility report and in Form 1A with conceptual plan for construction or area development project as stated in item 8 of above Schedule. Terms of Reference (TOR) will be conveyed to the applicant as early as possible (max 60 days) based on (i) Information given in application forms stated in para (5) above, (ii) Personal discussion during presentation, (iii) TOR submitted by the applicant or / and (iv) Site visit by SEAC if required. Public hearing (consultation) is not required for all category B2 projects, building construction / area development / township projects, projects located in notified industrial estates (e.g. GIDC) and projects concerning national defense or security etc. Where public hearing is conducted, its report will be submitted to SEAC as early as possible. SEAC may recommend for grant of Environment Clearance (EC) with conditions or for rejecting the EC with reasons in writing to the SEIAA. Rejection or cancellation of EC is possible if the applicant conceals material fact or submits false or misleading information.

(2)

(3)

(4) (5)

(6)

(7)

(8) (9) (10)

2. Objectives of the SEAC, Gujarat :

1

The SEAC, Gujarat would continuously thrive for making the EIA process speedy, transparent and cost effective without compromising with the quality of work and compliance to statutory provisions while processing the applications received for the Terms of Reference (TOR) and the Appraisal of the EIA reports, to achieve the objectives of the EIA Notification, 2006.
The SEAC expects the project proponents to execute their activities / projects along with following objectives :

(1) Conservation and protection of various environmental attributes viz. water, air and land.
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(2) Preservation and protection of flora, fauna, ecological and socio economic aspects. (3) Reduction in use of ground water sources and providing recharging and harvesting of rain water. (4) Promotion of greenbelt development and plantation of mangroves. (5) Use of solar and other non-conventional or renewable energy sources. (6) Conservation and auditing of energies and utilities (e.g. electricity, air, water, steam, oil, fuel, atomic energy etc.) being utilized. (7) Adoption of Cleaner Production (CP) concept which includes Green or Cleaner technology and promote the concept of Reduce, Reuse and Recycle wherever possible. (8) All efforts to prevent or reduce global warming including use of clean fuels or natural gas, biomass, solar, hydro, wind or atomic energy and efforts to get carbon credit instead of using wood, coal, HSD, LDO, FO etc. (9) Protection of workers and public from adverse impacts. (10) Design of town planning, construction and other projects with less use of land and preventing adverse impacts on construction workers, users of the buildings and the general public in vicinity. (11) Efficient working of pollution control plants and equipments (ETP, CETP, FETP, TSDF, Incinerator, final discharge etc.) (12) Sustainable growth of the nation. 3. The SEAC will try to help the project proponents and the general public by preparing and issuing general guidelines, by holding seminars and discussions and by suggesting project specific requirements from time to time. It will also interact with the concerned departments, NGOs and institutions for EIA purpose. The SEAC will also put useful information on its website www.seiaa.gujarat.gov.in for general information of the public.

4.

General Guidelines for project proponents :

1. The SEAC would normally like to know three things at the time of first presentation (scoping) as under: (1) Location suitability / siting criteria i.e. its safe location as per environmental laws and guidelines (safety of water bodies, flora, fauna and preservation of natural resources and national monuments etc.) (2) Causes of generation of environmental impacts due to: (A) Excavation and construction activities. (B) Manufacturing processes, operations and maintenance or business activities. (C) Generation of solid, liquid and gaseous wastes i.e. all types of pollution possibilities and problems of treatability, if any. Base line data and incremental pollution rise with appropriate modeling / scientific justification will be necessary. Water balance, mass balance and energy balance should be given as per requirement. (3) Control and safety measures which are utmost necessary. (A) At the design stage with a view to eliminate or reduce pollution or impacts (effects or consequences of hazards) from the beginning so that subsequent more control measures or complex treatment plants may not be required in future. (B) At the operation and maintenance stage.
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(C) In the design and operation of ETP, CETP, FETP, APCM, TSDF, pipe conveyance etc. (D) In preparation of Onsite and Offsite emergency plans, environment management plan, risk management plan, sewage treatment plan, energy conservation and green building plan, greenbelt development plan, water reuse - recycle - harvesting plan, cleaner technology or production plan, social welfare plan etc. 2. 3. 4. At the time of second or subsequent hearing, SEAC would like to know TOR or point wise reply as directed by SEAC (Appraisal). The SEAC allows all participants to sit together at the time of hearing, their submission in local language if desired and their difficulties and suggestions too. The SEAC would also like to help project proponent by giving suggestions pertaining to statutory provisions, Indian Standards and other requirements as applicable and useful to the project which may be incorporated in subsequent design and planning to make the project more safe, more environment friendly, more user friendly or comfortable and less polluting. Some of the basic requirements / suggestions for better and safe planning of the project activities should include the following: (1) (2) Separate ways / gates for entry and exit in project premises. Sufficient parking area with unidirectional vehicular movement with separate entry and exit. (3) Two or more staircases on each floor in all high rise buildings (more than four floors). Approach distance to any staircase should not be more than 30 mt on each floor. (4) Sufficient lighting, ventilation, drinking water facility, sanitary blocks, fire fighting and first aid arrangements. (5) Safe and ergonomic design and layout of plant, machinery, tools and control equipments keeping in view the safety and pollution prevention in mind. (6) Effective pollution control measures for land, water and air. (7) To observe the NBC norms for parking, margins, etc. for building construction projects (See part B-3 for detail) (8) Explore various cleaner production options and submit the plan to have it integrated in the project (See Part A-7 for detail) (9) For chemical industry, identify each stream of wastes, carry out the treatability study and treat the stream separately so as to meet with the prescribed norms. No discharge is permitted above the prescribed norms.( See Annexure B also) (10) The Effluent Treatment Plant, Common Effluent Treatment Plant, Air Pollution Control Measures, Pressure Vessels, etc. should be designed properly for safe and efficient working and Standard Operating Practice (SOPs) should be prepared for the same. (11) All documents to be submitted to the SEAC will be checked for fulfillment of the above guidelines and signed at the end as a proof of this exercise. The SEAC expects all documents with sufficient clarity and brevity. For this object, following general instructions are given:(1) Give page number at right bottom of each page of the document. Use minimum font size of 20 in the presentation.
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5.

6.

(2)

Take print outs or the submission / presentation and handouts on both the sides of the paper and print two slides on a page In case of big slide, it may be one per page. Before appearing for the presentation and making any submissions, go through the whole document thoroughly, correct it and complete it. Letter size, pictures, figures, tables, graphs, charts, slides, maps etc should be of proper size, scale and clearly visible / legible. North direction, scale and normal wind direction should be shown in the maps of site location and internal layout of the project. All abbreviations (short forms) with their full forms to be given. Responsible person(s) who has/have prepared and understood the EIA document and who knows the manufacturing processes and/or the project activities, their hazards and controls, should also remain present alongwith the project proponent or his authorized person. Construction of project should not be started before obtaining the Environmental Clearance. The provisions of the EIA Notification, 2006 shall have to be strictly observed for this matter by the project proponents. In case of expansion of the project, existing permissions from government authorities should be stated. The project proponent should submit authentic permissions (as applicable) from the CETP, TSDF and/or CHWI and water supply authorities if such facilities are to be used. The source of various data used in the EIA report especially for all secondary information used shall be mentioned clearly with the time of the data generated. Applicant will also submit Format of first presentation before SEAC as mentioned in Annexure A or B of these guidelines. Common format or the project specific format, is to be submitted for rapid screening and scoping purpose.

(3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

(8)

(9) (10)

(11) (12)

These guidelines would facilitate the project proponents to prepare their presentation and achieve perfection for expeditious decision-making with respect to their project.

4.

Alternatives Analysis in EIA :

This is the first step before selection of any project. The alternatives analysis is an important tool for the best selection of the project, technologies and the location of the project. The EIA report should specifically focus the alternatives considered with respect to following aspects: 1 Alternative projects considered, if any, to meet with the objectives with less impacts. Objectives stated in part A 2.2 (Objectives of SEAC) will also be considered. Alterative sites considered for the selected project option with due justifications of selecting the site in question.
15

Alternative processes (such as manufacturing process, operation, construction technology, etc.) considered while selecting the particular one for the project with justification of selection. Alternative mitigation measures considered before selecting the proposed mitigation measures.

Siting Criteria
1. The siting or location of industry should be done after having considered various alternatives for this purpose as stated in part A-4 above. The justifications for selection of the site in question shall be highlighted, if the site is already finalized. If the proposal is for various options, the study shall be done to finalize the site based on environmental/ecological aspects and socio-economic feasibility in mind. 2. The site selection shall be done keeping in view the existing environmental and wildlife laws in mind. The site under question should be sufficiently away from the nearby residential areas, wildlife protected areas, other sensitive areas to avoid the adverse impacts due to the project activities and for better planning leading the sustainability. 3. Some useful sources of information in this regard are given in Appendix at the end. 4. Use the Remote Sensing and satellite images for siting of industries. The details given at Annexure C for application of Remote Sensing in Environment Impact Assessment would be useful not only for siting of industries but also for assessing the impacts and deciding the mitigation measures as well as developing the Environmental Management Plan.

6.

Flora and Fauna.

Following details should be incorporated in the EIA with respect to the flora and fauna. 1. Baseline Survey : (1) The baseline status of the flora and fauna in the study area shall be properly determined. This should include the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Further, if there exists any wetland or marine areas within the study region, the ecosystems of the said region shall also be studied for ascertaining the baseline condition. Whenever secondary data is used, it is necessary to quote the source and time of data generation. (2) The information should include the present status of flora and fauna covering all the types of ecosystems in the project area. 2. Flora : (1) The information about flora should be in the form of number of species of (along with their names- local as well as scientific name) trees, shrubs, herbs and climbers present in the area.

16

(2) In case the study area has wetlands, the aquatic flora should also be included. In case of trees and shrubs, the numbers (population) should be indicated against each species. (3) In case of trees within the project site, the height should be mentioned in the height classes of 2 meters. (4) Separate information should be given about : o endemic flora o threatened flora- as per International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) list / category or any other known system of categorization (quote reference) o any rare flora 3. Fauna : (1) The information about fauna should be in the form of number of the presence of o mammals o reptiles o birds o amphibians o aquatic fauna (in case of wetland etc.) o marine fauna including corals (in case of marine ecosystem) (2) For each category of fauna, the following information should be given. o species name- local as well as scientific name o estimated population o the schedule to which they belong as per the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 o IUCN threat category- if any. o feeding and breeding habitat within the project area and the study area (3) If the study area contains the habitat (including feeding and breeding habitat) of any wildlife belonging to Schedule-I of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 which may normally be residing outside the project area, it should be clearly mentioned. 4. Impact on flora and fauna: (1) All potential project activities which are likely to have impacts on flora and fauna shall be properly identified. (2) The likely impacts due to the project activities and project induced development on the ecology shall also be identified for developing the mitigation action plans. (3) The detailed measures shall be proposed for mitigating the potential adverse impacts on the flora, fauna and natural resources based on its significance and magnitude. (4) Alternatives considered for various mitigation measures shall also be highlighted specifically for this purpose. The selected alternative for mitigation purpose should be justified appropriately.
17

5.

Topography and Drainage lines : The natural drainage lines passing through the project area should be clearly indicated and should not be blocked. The natural flow should remain unobstructed.

6.

Information collection: (1) The following information should be obtained from the office of the local Deputy Conservator of Forests and submitted along with the proposal. o Whether the project area includes any forestland. If yes, the details regarding the type of forestland (Reserved Forests and Protected Forests under Section 20 and 29, respectively, of the Indian Forest Act, 1927 as well as the area declared under Section 4 of the same Act). The area of forestland of each category should be obtained. The aerial distance of the nearest forest area (i.e. Section 4 / Section 20 / Section 29 mentioned hereinabove). The aerial distance of the nearest Protected Area declared under the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 as a National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Conservation Reserve or Community Conservation Area. The details about the flora and fauna mentioned above.

o o

(2) The information may also be collected from other institutes / organizations including universities and libraries. In such cases, the source of information should invariably be quoted. 7. Check list of some flora fauna in Gujarat (1) Checklist of Flora to be protected Sr No. 1 2 3 4 5 Scientific Name Tribulus rajasthanansis Commithora wightti Anogysis sericua Gloriossa superba Tecomela undulate Local Name Gokharu Gugal Dhavo ( Dhavadi) Vachhanag Ragatroydo Gujarati Name
()

(2) Checklist of Herpato Fauna (Amphibians and Reptiles) Sr English Name No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Painted Kaloula Green Turtle Spiny Tailed Lizard Starred Tortoise Mugger or Marsh Crocodile Indian Python
18

Scientific Name Kaloula taprobanica Chelonia mydas Uromastyx hardwickii Geochelone elegans Python molurus

Gujarati Name

(3) Checklist of Threatened Avifauna Sr No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 English Name Red-crested Pochard Great Indian Bustard Houbara or Macqueens Bustard Lesser Florican Forest Spotted Owlet Adjutant Stork Black-nacked Stork King Vulture Hodgons frogmouth Grey Horn Bill Forest Wagtail Leptoptilos dubius Xenorhynchus asiaticus Torgos calvus Sypheotides indica Scientific Name Netta rufina Choriotis nigriceps Gujarati Name

(4) Checklist of Threatened Mammals Sr No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 English Name Asiatic lion Black Buck Common dolphin Desert Cat Desert fox Four horned Antelope Indian Ratel Wild ass Scientific Name Panthera leo persica Antilope cervicarpa Delphinus delphis Felis libyca Vulpes vucapus Tetraceros quadricornis Mellivora cepensis Equus hemionus khur
19

IUCN Status Cr.Endan. Lower Risk Nearly Threatened Nearly Threatened Nearly Threatened

Gujarati Name

7.

Cleaner Production.
The EIA report for the industrial plant is expected to cover the most useful Cleaner Production technology or option in the said project activities. The project proponents are expected to understand the benefits of the Cleaner Production (CP) and the types of the CP options to be incorporated during the project implementation and operation phases. The following information would be useful in this regard: 1 Definition and application: (1) Cleaner production is defined as the continuous application of an integrated preventive environmental strategy applied to processes, products and services to increase overall efficiency and reduce risks to the environment which also includes human beings. Cleaner production can be applied to the production processes used in any industry, to products themselves and to various services provided in society as under. (2) For production processes, cleaner production results from one or a combination of the following:(A) (B) (C) (D) (3) Conserving water, raw materials and energy. Use of solar, wind, biomass, hydro, nuclear and other renewable energy. Substituting toxic/hazardous materials by less hazardous ones and Reducing the quantity and/or toxicity of all emissions and wastes before they leave a production process. Recycling and reusing of the wastes and by-products within industry or in other industries.

For products, cleaner production focuses on the reduction of environmental impacts over the entire life cycle of a product, from raw material extraction to the ultimate disposal of the product, by appropriate design. For services, cleaner production entails incorporating environmental concerns into the design and delivery of services. Each action to reduce consumption of water, raw materials and energy, or to use renewable energy and to prevent or reduce generation of waste as well as recycle and reuse of the waste can increase productivity and bring financial benefits to enterprise. The key difference between Pollution Control (PC) and Cleaner Production (CP) is one of timing. Pollution control is an after-the-event, 'react and treat' approach. Cleaner Production is a forward-looking, 'anticipate and prevent' philosophy.

(4)

20

2 General CP Options: (1) It is expected that the project proponent shall form a CP team in the company and implement the SEAC objectives stated in foregoing Part A-2.2 (Objectives of SEAC ). The following are some of the common Cleaner Production / waste minimization techniques (options): (A) List process steps, identify and select wasteful process steps, analyze process steps, prepare process flow chart, make material and energy balance, assign cost to waste streams and review the process to identify waste causes. Then develop and select cleaner production opportunities, assess technical feasibility, assess financial viability, evaluate environmental aspects and select solutions for implementation. Then implement cleaner production solutions and monitor the results. Metering and control of quantities of active ingredients to minimize waste. Reuse / recycle of by-products and intermediates from the process as raw materials or raw materials substitutes in other processes. Dual flushing system with separate pipelines for reuse of the treated wastewater wherever feasible. Use of automated and close filling or local exhaust system to minimize exposure and spillage. Venting equipment through vapour recovery system. Use of high pressure hoses for equipment cleaning to reduce wastewater generation.

(2)

(B) (C)

(D) (E) (F) 3

Specific CP Options : (1) The Cleaner Production techniques study through a reputed institute / agency shall be carried out during project implementation phase. However, the options already developed and available in the published literature shall be used to design the plant for their implementation. Some studies are already done for various sectors by the National Productivity Council, Gujarat Cleaner Production Centre and the National Cleaner Production Centre. The suitable recommendations / suggestions of such studies shall be incorporated in the project design and implementation. Appropriate lab-scale study for identification of waste minimization options may also be conducted.

(2)

(3)

8.

Water Environment:
1. All sources of water availability with quantity shall be mentioned. Use of ground water source (e. g. bore-well) shall be avoided or minimized as far as possible. Use of surface water supplied by the Government or Local Authority is preferable and when such water is available, use of bore well must be discontinued. Plan for conservation of water, its
21

reuse and recycle and harvesting or recharging of rain water shall be submitted. During operation phase, it is expected that all the project proponents install flow meters at all sources to measure intake of water from different sources. Use of water by road/rail tankers shall also be counted. 2. Baseline water quality shall be determined as per the guidelines specified by the MoEF, GOI. For determining the baseline water quality, both surface and ground water quality shall be determined. All potential sources of water pollution (discharges from the processes, utilities, leakages, washing of floors / vessels, treatment plant etc.) shall be identified and properly documented. The prediction of impacts (including the quantification of the pollutants both in terms of concentration and load) due to these discharges shall be done using proper models, software, formulae, equations, etc. and the significance and magnitude shall be determined. Assessment shall be given by comparing these quantities with the permissible limits. The control measures shall be proposed for measuring and mitigating the potential adverse impacts based on its significance and magnitude. In case of Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP), the details of the same including the adequacy with respect to hydraulic and organic load of inlet parameters as well as the outlet parameters to be achieved after treatment vis--vis the standards prescribed shall be properly documented. For specific pollutants like heavy metals, ammonical nitrogen, non-biodegradable organic compounds, etc. specific treatment shall be proposed with proper details. Treatability problems, if any, shall be specifically mentioned. In case of existing ETP, records of last 3 years and adverse or compliance remark from GPCB and CPCB shall be submitted. Flow meter at the outlet of the ETP at all discharge points is also expected during operation phase. In case of the Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP), the design capacity of the CETP, availability of spare capacity to accept the additional intake due to the proposed project, the present status of the compliance of the CETP at its outlet, proposal for upgradation of the CETP under implementation or consideration, etc. shall be detailed out and reported. It shall be mentioned that the CETP is meeting with the prescribed norms or not. All these are applicable to FETP also. Untreatable or highly concentrated wastes streams shall be segregated from process plants, collected separately and disposed of safely. Plan for such treatment shall be submitted. Interlocking device to sense exceeding flow rate and pollutant (eg: pH and TOC i.e total organic carbon) at the final discharge point of ETP, CETP, FETP or conveyance pipe and to trip, alarm, stop or divert such discharge at safe collection place is most desirable. SMS alert of exceeding parameters should be available to ETP / CETP / FETP operators and concerned authorities.

3.

4.

5. 6.

7.

8.

9.

10. CETP / FETP facility is generally meant for small and medium scale units which cannot afford costly treatment or technology. Effluent discharge more than 25 KLD should not be sent to such common facilities but to be treated at own site (ETP). Stream segregation and interlocking device mentioned in para 8 and 9 above for self monitoring and control should be installed and operated by all big units having effluent discharge
22

more than 25 KLD and also by those units which can adversely affect the results of CETP / FETP. This shall be clearly mentioned in EIA report. 11. In case of effluent discharge proposed, the adequacy of the receiving body for accepting the new load shall be properly assessed and related mitigation measures shall also be mentioned. Letter of acceptance from the common facility operator shall be submitted. 12. Water Environment related aspects raised during the public hearing shall be properly addressed in the mitigation aspects. 13. If sea water is available nearby, possibility of RO Plant to convert it into de-mineralized (DM) water to be used in processes and elsewhere shall be mentioned.

9.

Air Environment:
1. 2. Baseline Air Quality shall be assessed as per the guidelines specified by the MoEF, GOI. All potential sources of air pollution (including emissions from processes, flue gases, the steam/power generation and other such utilities, fugitive emissions and vapours, gases and dusting due to manufacturing processes, handling and transportation etc.) shall be identified and properly documented. Only approved fuel shall be used. Where natural gas is available as clean fuel, other fuel shall not be used. The prediction of impacts due to these air pollutants (including noise) shall be done using proper models, software, formulae, equations, etc. and the significance and magnitude shall be determined. Assessment shall be given by comparing these calculated or predicted quantities (toxic concentration, pressure, temperature, heat energy etc.) with the permissible limits. The control measures shall be proposed for mitigating the potential adverse impacts based on its significance and magnitude. Whenever the control measures are proposed, the details of the air pollution control equipments along with its efficacy, validation, O&M aspects, shall be adequately mentioned. APCM including scrubber, column- condenser, vent cooler, odour killer, flare, ESP, incinerator, etc shall work efficiently and continuously. In case of existing plant, records of last 3 years and adverse or compliance remark from GPCB and CPCB shall be submitted. Air Environment related aspects raised during the public hearing shall be properly addressed in the mitigation aspects.

3.

4.

5. 6.

10. Land Environment:

1. Detailed key plan indicating the location with respect to surrounding land use and a detailed site plan indicating the areas for construction, roads, gates, pipelines, hydrants, greenbelt, parking, development and future expansion etc. shall also be submitted on the said plan. The baseline status of the land environment including the land-use pattern and the soil quality shall be properly determined using scientific information. Satellite images shall be given and interpreted. See annexure C also.
23

2.

3. 4. 5.

All potential project activities which are likely to have impacts on land environment shall be properly identified. The likely impacts due to the project induced development shall also be identified for developing the mitigation action plans. The prediction of impacts on land environment using proper methods such as software, maps, plans, etc. shall be done and the significance and magnitude of the potential adverse impacts shall be determined. Assessment shall be given by comparing with the standards. The control measures shall be proposed for mitigating the potential adverse impacts on the land environment and soil characteristics based on its significance and magnitude. Land Environment related aspects raised during the public hearing shall be properly addressed in the mitigation measures. Likely generation of solid and hazardous wastes from the processes and other project activities and their collection, storage, transportation and disposal systems shall be mentioned. The specific measures required for safe handling and disposal of the said waste shall be highlighted. Wherever the waste is proposed to be disposed of into the common TSDF or incineration facilities, the membership letter along with the capacity of the said facility to accept this additional waste shall be attached. It shall be mentioned that the TSDF / Incinerator is meeting with the prescribed norms or not. In case of own TSDF and/or incineration, the design of the same along with the compliance of the CPCB guidelines including the liner systems, slopes, layers etc for TSDF and temperature, dual chamber, residence time, products of combustion etc. for incinerators shall be specifically addressed. In case of such existing facility, It shall be mentioned that the TSDF / Incinerator is meeting with the prescribed norms or not.

6.

7. 8.

9.

11. Noise Environment:

1. 2. The ambient noise quality / baseline status of the noise environment shall be properly determined and reported for day and night hours. All potential sources of noise pollution (including the sources like noisy and vibrating machinery, pneumatic conveyors, DG sets, compressors, heavy machinery and equipments, transportation and other project activities) shall be identified and properly documented. The prediction of impacts due to these sources shall be done using proper models, software, formulae, equations, etc. and the significance and magnitude shall be determined. Assessment shall be given by comparing with the permissible limits. The control measures shall be proposed for mitigating the potential adverse impacts based on its significance and magnitude. Whenever the control measures are proposed, the details of the same shall be adequately addressed. The engineering control measures for noise and vibration reduction are more desirable. Then PPE shall be used. Noise related aspects raised during the public hearing shall be properly addressed in the mitigation aspects. For existing plant, records of last 3 years and adverse or compliance remark from GPCB and CPCB shall be submitted.
24

3.

4.

5. 6.

12. Protection of Workers and Public from Adverse Impacts:

Definition of Environment u/s 2(a) of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 includes human beings. Definition of Hazardous Substance u/s 2(e) of the same Act speaks of harm to human beings. Definition of Hazardous Waste u/r 3(14) of the Hazardous Wastes (Management & Handling) Rules 1989 speaks of danger to health and accident at facility is considered reportable u/r 10. Definition of Major Accident, its notification, safety report, safety audit report, on-site and off-site emergency plans, information to public likely to be affected, threshold quantities of chemicals, hazardous operations and processes, Material Safety Data Sheets etc. are prescribed under the Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules 1989. Chemical Accident, Major Chemical Accident and different crisis groups are included in the Chemical Accidents (Emergency, Planning, Preparedness and Response) Rules 1996. Similarly the Factories Act 1948 and the Gujarat Factories Rules 1963 provide for many aspects of safety and health of the workers and the public. EIA document while including Environment, certainly expects causes and control measures of adverse impacts on workers and public as human beings. They are the most vital part of the environment and first to be protected. Therefore following topics of safety and health of the workers and public should be properly addressed in EIA document. 1 Types of accidents likely to happen during construction, operation and waste disposal phases of a new or expansion project. 2 Health effects (including occupational disease or poisoning) possible during phases mentioned in para 1 above. 3 In case of existing and expanding unit, figures of accidents and occupational diseases during last five years should be reported. 4 Hazardous properties of the raw materials, intermediates, products and by-products should be mentioned along with their maximum quantity and number and type of storage containers at site. Small size storage tanks are preferable than big size tanks. 5 List of hazardous processes and hazards possible due to them. 6 Areas of poor illumination, poor ventilation, confined spaces, working at height, gascylinders storage, tank farm, switch yard, dangerous machines and gas pipe lines should be indicated. Areas of fire, explosion or toxic release possibilities shall be clearly mentioned. 7 Points suggested in different Formats (Annexure) and guidelines stated in Part B should be included. Control measures to be planned at design stage should include applicable statutory requirements such as:25

1.

Fire fighting arrangement including water reservoir, tanks, pumps, hydrants, fire tenders, fire detectors and alarms, fire extinguishing system, fire exits, trained staff, alternate power (eg. DG set) etc. Toxic and flammable gas leak detection, alarm and control system. Railing, guarding, earthing, heat insulation, noise control, safety fittings & devices, interlocking, trips and alarms, PLC/ DCS Control, local exhaust ventilation, purging, blanketing, showering and similar protection systems for machines, vessels and process safety. Two stage condenser or scrubber and vent cooling to reduce air pollution. HAZOP study before operation is useful. Provisions to be made at operational phase viz safety policy, safety committee, safety manual, on-site emergency plan, safety training, safety audit, risk assessment, medical examinations of the workers etc. Brief mention of these items at EIA stage is sufficient.

2. 3.

4.

13. Risk Management

1. 2. 3. For existing and expanding projects, risk assessment shall be submitted based on exact quantities of the hazardous materials and their processes / activities on site. For new projects this shall be done from the assumed (predicted) quantities and activities at site. In case of possibility of toxic gas release (e.g. Cl2, NH3, H2S, Phosgene etc) damage distances with concentration and in case of flammable gas release (e.g. LPG, NG, Propylene, Kerosene, solvent vapour etc) damage distances with heat energy effect or in case of explosion possibility (VCE, UVCE, BLEVE etc) over pressure damage distances due to bursting effect shall be calculated by appropriate formulae or computer software (eg:. Effects, Safeti, Phast, Aloha, Cirrus etc) For toxic damage criteria, Lethal toxicity levels LC50 are to be considered for risk assessment purpose. Where LC50 is not available, LOC, IDLH or STEL shall be considered for calculation. LC50 for some gases for healthy humans at rest are as under GAS Methyl isocyanate Phosgene HCN Cl2 H2S Br2 HF SO2 NH3 LC50 at 30 minutes 34 53 131 500 640 750 1200 2300 11500

4.

Source: Withers, R.M.J., Foundations for simple computer models, Loughborough University of Technology, MHC 186/2, PP 4-8, 1986.

26

5.

For thermal damage criteria, heat flux levels - 1.6 kw/m2 for pain threshold to 37.5 kw/m2 for 99% fatality - are reported. Consider 4.0 kw/m2 for risk assessment purpose as threshold value of injury. For explosion or over pressure damage criteria, peak overpressure levels - 0.01 bar for cracks in glass to 1.7 bar for bursting of lung are reported. Consider 0.02 bar for risk assessment purpose as an effect of minor glass damage. Risks will be identified from hazards existing or reasonably assumed (predicted). Two types of scenario are possible: (1) The worst case scenario which is rarely possible and indicates total or catastrophic failure of the vessel or system. Consider escape of whole mass in this case. (2) The MCA (maximum credible accident) scenario which is mostly possible and most reasonable. It takes place when control measures fail eg:. Leakage from outlet valve, joint or pipe, release from safety valve opening, vent opening, stack release, hole or puncture in pipe or vessel or transport vehicle etc. In case of uneven rapture, equivalent diameter should be considered for source strength calculation.

6.

7.

8. 9.

Prevailing wind velocity (eg:. 2 to 5 m/s) and direction at the project site should be considered. Weather condition D (neutral) shall be assumed for calculation purpose. The results shall be plotted on the project plot boundary from point of source to 5 km or zero damage distance whichever is maximum. Distance of the lethal concentration LC50 (Toxic effect), 4.0 kw/m2 (Heat radiation effect) and 0.02 bar peak over pressure for glass bursting (Explosion effect) shall be shown by different colours. The results of risk assessment calculation in above manner shall be properly presented before SEAC. When risk due to toxic or flammable gas is not possible because of absence of such material, activity-wise risk assessment (metrix method) or raw material wise risk assessment (formula method, Risk=Probability x Severity) shall be carried out from the existing or assumed (predicted) hazardous activities. Results of risk assessment shall be used in estimating preparedness in On-site and Offside emergency plans. Depending on type and gravity of risk, list the control measures to be provided. Risk control measures include : Risk avoidance, Risk prevention, Risk reduction, Risk transfer (contract to skilled persons) and Insurance for risks which cannot be retained and handled by the company. Avoid the risk in initial planning (eg. selection of technology) by avoiding or eliminating the use of hazardous substances (see Cleaner Production, Part A-7). Find less hazardous substitutes. If avoidance is not possible, prevent the risks by appropriate engineering controls.
27

10. 11.

12.

13.

Risks can be reduced from very beginning if small size storage tanks instead of big size tanks, metal tanks instead of plastic tanks, low pressure / low temperature processes instead of high pressure / high temperature processes, low speed machines instead of high speed and low energy equipments instead of high energy equipments are selected at planning stage. Make short term and long term program for risk management. Where 'zero damage distance' ends within project premises, planning of on site emergency plan and where it crosses the project boundary, additional planning of off site emergency plan becomes necessary. Prevent the spread of toxic or flammable liquid by necessary dyke, curb, diversion and their safe disposal in confined area (for pool spread). Toxic gas or LEL detectors with alarm and automatic fire fighting system should be included in planning. List of antidotes and medical help centers shall be ready. Purpose of EIA is safe planning and avoidance of risk from beginning.

14. Parking Area, Entry and Exit Criteria

1. For all building construction and area development projects (falling at Sr. No. 8 of the schedule of the EIA Notification, 2006) the parking area shall be provided based on the requirements as per the National Building Code or the local bye laws or Development Control Regulations, whichever is higher. Twenty percent more parking area should be considered to include future requirement. 2. For industrial projects, the requirements for parking shall be calculated based on the peak load of traffic i.e. vehicles entry to the premises (1) for unloading of raw materials (2) for loading of finished goods (3) for transportation of men power and shall be provided adequately to ensure that there is no traffic blockages on road or roadside parking creating nuisance. 3. For all industrial and building construction projects, the entry and exit shall be provided separately for safe and smooth movement of vehicles entering and exiting the premises. Unidirectional flow of vehicles is desired to avoid head- on collisions. Mirrors should be provided at blind corners or turning points. Blow horn notices should also displayed. For building construction projects, see Part B-3.

15

Greenbelt Development:
1. Definition: A green belt is a policy and land use designation used in land use planning to retain areas of largely undeveloped, wild or agricultural land surrounding or neighboring urban areas. Similar concepts are greenways or green wedges which have a linear character and may run through an urban area instead of around it. The greenbelt is a strip of land provided on the periphery of town for the special purpose of limiting the growth of a town. Promotion of tree plantation around industrial establishment also came to be known as green belt. The land contained in the green belt is to be used for carrying out the agricultural activities.
28

2.

Purposes : The stated objective of green belt policy are to : (1) Protect and develop natural or semi natural environments; (2) Improve air quality within industrial and urban areas; (3) Insure that urban dwellers have access to countryside, with consequent educational and recreational opportunities; and (4) Protect the unique character of rural communities which might otherwise be absorbed by expanding suburbs.

3.

Advantages: (1) Green belts are compensatory plantation to restore the ecological balance. (2) Green belts insure a minimum distance between the industrial sources of pollution and the receptors/ residential areas, prone to the health hazards of industrial pollution. (3) Green belts can absorb the air and water pollution caused by the industry. For example, Noise can be decreased by up to 10 decibels by green belts. (4) Trees not only assimilate carbon dioxide and release oxygen but also play an important role in trapping some obnoxious gases and particulate matters in the air. Hence green belt functions both as filter and sink for contaminants. (5) Green belts can improve the local microclimate. These occur mainly through their influence on wind, temperature and humidity. (6) Green belts provide picnic spot and recreation grounds. (7) In the dryer part of the area, the trees reduce the effect of dryness and desiccate hot wind and increase the availability of soil moisture.

4.

Which plants / trees should be selected for green belt area? For the development of greenbelt, plants having simple big leaves are preferred with compound or pinnate leaves. Native trees are preferable. The plants are suitable for green belt development based on gaseous exchange capacity of foliage which is ascertained by various characteristics and hence the following aspects are important while selecting the plant species: (1) The species should be fast growing and having thick canopy cover (2) It should be perennial and evergreen and should have large area index (3) It should be indigenous and suitable to local climatic conditions (4) It should be efficient in absorbing pollutants without significant effects on plant growth (5) It should be fruit yielding trees, if possible, especially in wasteland areas.
29

5.

Some important trees, which could be planted in Gujarat with respect to suggested specific areas :Sr. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Name of the tree Acacia catechu Salvadora peryica Terminalia tomentosa Dalbergia sissoo Peltophorum pterocarpum Ailanthus exceisa Pithecellobium dulee Acacia tartilis Prosopis juliflora Azadirachta indica Syzygium cuminii Dalbergia jatifolia Diospyros melanoxylon Madhuca indica Ougeinnia ougeinensis Cassia siamea

Gujarati Name

Specific area Dang, Rajpimpala, Songadh, Vyara Saurastra, Kachchh Except dry area Vadodara. Anand, Ahmedabad, Dahod, Kheda, Bharuch, Valsad, Mehsana Dharampur,

Dry region of Saurastara, Chotaudepur, Devgadhbaria, Godhara, Banaskantha South Gujarat,

Kachchh, Gujarat Dang, Rajpimpala, North Gujarat All over Gujarat Dang, Vyara, Rajpimpala Dang, Ranjpimpala Except Kachchh South Gujarat and North Gujarat Ornamental tree not seen in a forest area Dang, Dediyapada South Gujarat, good population where there is heavy rain Sea coat, saurastra South Gujarat Dry zone Dry zone All forest in Gujarat All over Gujarat Saurastra, Kachchh, North Gujarat

Dendrocalamus strictus Bambusa bambos Gmelina arborea Casuarina equisetifolia

Pterocarpus marsupium Acecia niiotica Leucaena leucocephela Tectona grandis Ficus bengalensis Zizyphus mauritiana

30

6.

Pollution Control Through Tree Plantation : Some trees are useful as under: Dust Absorbers : Azadirachta indica (Neem) Melia azaderach (Mahaneem) Terminalia arjuna (Arjun) Cassia fistula (Amaltas) Bauhinia variegate (Kachnar) For Air Pollution Attenuation : Terminalia tomentosa (Asan) Acacia auriculiformis (Babul) Polyalthia longifolia (Debdari) Ficus benghalensis (Banyan) Mangifera indica (Aam) Nerium odorata (Kaner) Ficus elastica

7.

The proposed greenbelt development plan should include: 1. 2. Detailed plan for greenbelt development including the area, diversity and density of plantation, types of species and budgetary allocation for the same. While selecting the species to be planted in the greenbelt, the following should be considered. (1) Greenbelt should cover perennial trees as far as possible. Development of lawns, small ornamental flowering plants, seasonal plants etc. should not be counted as a part of greenbelt in the conservation plan. Locally occurring species which can easily be grown, should be given preference in greenbelt development. Any particular species of plant which may be needed in that area from the point of view of soil conservation, moisture conservation, pollution control, dust control, wildlife habitat etc. may also be given preference while deciding the species to be included in the greenbelt. The number of trees as well as the area to be covered by the greenbelt should be mentioned. At least 33% of the plot area and the whole periphery should be covered by green belt. The plan should indicate how the greenbelt will be raised, irrigated and maintained over a long run. The detailed plan for greenbelt development for at least five years shall be submitted. Contribution to awareness generation about conservation of trees and nature should also form the conservation plan.

(2) (3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

31

Part B : Project Specific Aspects

1 2 3 Information required from all projects.
See Annexure-A for the common format for all types of projects.

Information required from Chemical Projects

See Annexure-B for the format for chemical projects.

Construction Projects :
All building construction and area development projects lead to environmental impacts if not implemented in environmentally sound manner. The impacts could be during the pre-construction, construction and operation phases and hence need to be addressed adequately. The SEAC recommends the project proponents to follow the guidelines/manual prepared by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, for this purpose. However, the following important aspects are expected to be covered by all projects falling in this category i.e. 8(a) and 8(b) of the Schedule of the EIA Notification, 2006. 1. Requirement of site clearance, site preparation and impacts thereof e.g. careful removal of trees with density and diversity, least disturbance to flora and fauna of the site, excess soil to be generated and its safe disposal, etc. 2. 3. Minimum disturbance to the existing land use, contours, etc. Proper land use planning, building orientation and design to ensure the maximum use of natural wind and light. 4. The margins, open spaces, common plots, staircases, openings, etc. shall be provided as per the provisions of the National Building Code. Margins and common spaces should not be blocked by any construction or obstruction. Two or more staircases shall be provided on each floor in high rise building (more than four floors). Approach distance to any staircase should not be more than 30 mt on each floor. 5. Control of impacts during the construction phase e.g. noise, air pollution, disturbance, if any, to the natural resources, disposal of debries, sewage, etc.
32

Mitigation measures and clearly defined environmental management plan for implementation of these mitigation measures should be worked out. 6. Mode of collection and storage of top soil for its preservation and reuse for greenbelt development keeping in view the existing local facilities available and need for providing better amenities to the communities. 7. Collection, storage and disposal of construction debris to avoid nuisance to public and negative impacts on nearby land use. 8. Source of water, mode of extraction and impact on the source in case of groundwater extraction along with the permission from the Central Ground Water Authority, if necessary, and plan for mitigating the negative impacts, if any, due to extraction of the groundwater. 9. Water harvesting and water recharge schemes with detailed calculations to make the project water positive as far as recharge is concerned. 10. Impacts due to energy consumption along with mitigation of negative impacts, provision for renewable or non-conventional energy, measures for energy conservation and compliance to the Bureau of Energy Efficiencys guidelines on ECBC, are all necessary. 11. Provision of adequate space for parking is a crucial aspect and shall be adopted as per the requirement of the National Building Code. Proper arrangements for safe and smooth traffic of the vehicles entering and exiting the building(s) shall be provided. Valley parking, guided parking, mechanized parking, etc. shall be considered appropriately. Unidirectional flow to avoid head-on collision is safer. 12. Use of environmentally friendly building construction materials like fly-ash bricks and blocks shall be maximized. 13. Compliance of the Building and other Construction Workers Act,1996 and the Gujarat Building and other Construction Workers Rules,2003, is statutory.

33

Mining Projects :
Mining of minerals leads to environmental hazards, if not carried out with adequate mitigation measures. The mining projects lead to environmental impacts during the premining, during mining and post mining phases and hence required to incorporate certain mitigation measures for safe and environmentally sound operations. In addition to safety and environmental provisions of the Mines Act and Rules and the Explosives Act and Rules and their departmental guidelines, following points should also be addressed in EIA document. 1. Pre-mining environmental protection measures: (1) In case of cluster of mines, the regional assessment of cumulative impacts to be kept in mind and regional environmental management plan may be drawn. The decision-making also has to be strategic for cluster of mines located in a particular region. For large scale mining through cluster approach, the carrying capacity (both supportive and assimilative capacity) of the environment/ region should be assessed for ensuring sustainable development of the region. The site selection criteria include mining distance from the nearby habitation, wildlife protected areas or any such sensitive receptors etc. The habitats of important species should be protected. Ecological stability of the region and preservation of the home to the threatened biodiversity should be kept in mind while site selection. The natural home for threatened and important avian species should be conserved. Requirements for clearing the site e.g. the number of trees required to be cut along with their importance as per the IUCN list or their medicinal value, etc. Pre-mining environmental protection / pollution abatement measures keeping in view the proposed mining activities (this would help curbing the pollution of air and water during the mining period). e.g. the plantation along the mining site boundary if carried out before mining, would help curbing the air pollution during mining phase. The nature of mining or other requirements including the chemicals that might be used or seepage from such mining activities may be addressed properly. The natural drainage pattern, hydrology of the area, etc. to be kept in mind while site selection and site preparation. Likely blockages of the natural drains
34

(2)

(3)

(4) (5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

and / or water pooling/ flooding have to be attended before commencing mining operations. (11) For mining near the sea coast and in salt affected areas, the likely issues of salinity ingress to be kept in mind while site selection. Specific care should be taken for riverbed mining keeping in view the nature of river, sediment load to be received at lease area, river bank erosion possibility, engineering structures in the vicinity of the river banks, etc.

(12)

2. During mining environmental protection measures (1) Surface miners should be used instead of blasting in case of mining of limestone, etc. to avoid the air (dust) and noise pollution as well as risk associated with blasting. In case, the surface miners are not proposed, the detailed justifications for not using the same and specific precautionary measures to be incorporated in proposed alternative mode of mining are required to be incorporated in the EIA reports. Types of the detonators that could be permitted should be identified and made published in the public interest for ensuring minimum environmental and health hazards the blasting should be totally controlled. The fly rocks, debries, dust and high noise due to blasting should not reach to the nearby habitation, roads, etc. The blasting should be carried out during prescribed time period in consultation with affected people. Water sprinkling (preferably through the water harvested in abandoned mines) on mine sites and also on the transportation corridors to curb the air pollution generated. The transportation of mined out minerals must be carried out in closed trucks, alternatively covered with tarpaulin sheets to avoid the dust pollution due to such transportation. The natural course of nearby water bodies, their catchment areas need to be protected. The mining must be carried out in benches in such a way that minimum distance from the water table is maintained to avoid the water logging, salinity ingress, etc. Mine over burdens shall be kept on one side in such a way that the top soil is preserved for use in future for back filling with over burden and plantation over top soil. Occupational health impacts especially respiratory and pulmonary diseases, asbestosis, pneumoconiosis need to be addressed for the mining workers. The
35

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

Personal Protective Equipments such as masks, helmets, gloves, etc. must be provided to the workers depending upon the nature of the work involved. Medical examinations and training for workers are utmost necessary. (10) The issues related to noise pollution, vibration, etc. also needs to be addressed appropriately. The waste disposal including the under size mining material should be done in environmental friendly manner in consultation with the locals. Strong Corporate Social Responsibility criteria be fixed for betterment of the workers, project affected people and nearby residents in addition to that for the faunal and floral diversity.

(11)

(12)

3. Post mining environmental protection measures (1) Natural site recovery plan should be pre-requisite. The site has to be restored to the extent possible. The abandoned mine sites should be fully secured with wire fencing or any such methods to avoid falling of animals and loss of lives when such sites are full of water harvested during the rainy seasons. There have been reports of drowning of children who have jumped into abandoned mine sites full of water. Appropriate signage, security and protection measures are necessary. The mine over burdens should be back filled fully in part of the mine sites to avoid heaps of such materials on one hand and depression due to mining on other hand. Proper leveling and adequate plantation shall have to be done. Preferably locally predominant species shall be selected for plantation. Adequate slopes should be maintained to ensure that the animals, people can come out without any problem if they reach by chance or fall in abandoned mines. The post mining study for water quality and ecosystem degradation or improvement, if any, should be carried out to establish the relations and learning the lessons for future. The possibilities can be explored to utilize the old mines for various purposes such as Wild life refuges, golf coarse, underground storage facilities, solid waste disposal areas, etc that can be beneficiary to the society.

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

36

Annexure
Annexure A
FORMAT OF FIRST PRESENTATION BY APPLICANT BEFORE THE SEAC, GUJARAT STATE (For Industrial Projects other than Chemical Industries) Objective of this format: Based on past hearing of numerous applicants by the SEAC, it was felt necessary to design and publish a format of first presentation before the SEAC for the object of containing only those information which are : (1) Very basic and essential to understand generation of environmental impacts, their effects and control measures while hearing at the first instance. (2) Focusing basic and quantitative data of (A) General information. (B) Products. (C) Raw materials. (D) Wastes Generation, Hazards and Control. (E) Analysis of Pollution Parameters before and after treatment. (F) Resource Consumption and Conservation (G) Risk estimation. (3) Useful in saving time of decision because of really required information produced.

(4) Helping to prepare many data of Details prescribed in the last column of Form-1, under EIA Notification dated 14-9-2006. Thus, this format facilitates and provides details required by Form-1. Please refer and follow the General Guidelines for Project Proponents supplied to you by the SEAC (Part A-3 of these guidelines). Table A: General Information (1) Name and location of the Project: __________ (2) Has any construction work/activity started and going on at site? (3) Have you made any application for category A project to MoEF, Delhi, at the same premises? (4) Details of Applicant : (A) Full Name (B) Address : (i) Postal (ii) E-mail (C) Phone : :

(D) Website

(i) Land line : (ii) Mobile : (iii) Fax : :

37

(5) Is application for new project or for expansion or for product mix ? (6) Is land procured or to be procured for new project or for expansion? (7) Is location falling within 10 km radius from the notified wildlife sanctuary / Parks or any such ecologically sensitive or critically polluted areas? (8) Is your location fulfilling the requirements of any other Environment or Safety laws or Guidelines? (eg.Rule 5 of E(P) Rules) If not, give reasons. (9) Attach the following three maps (appropriate size and fully legible) :(A) Showing your location by satellite imagery (at least the Google or Bhuvan image). (B) Showing your project and surrounding with approach roads. (C) Showing your plant (plot) layout with North direction, approach roads, entry and exit gates and two or more staircases on each floor in high rise building (more than four floors). Approach distance to any staircase should not be more than 30 mt on each floor. Show the inside plants (existing and proposed) with block diagram. (10) (A) Total Cost of the Project in Rs. _________ and (B) Total plot area of the project ________ m2 (11) (A) Screening category (as per EIA notification dtd 14-9-2006) : (B) Scoping / Proposed Terms of Reference (TOR) for EIA studies : (12) Manpower (including contract workers) data Status (A) New or Current (B) Expansion (C) Product mix Total Note: In case of new project, please give the proposed (estimated) figures. Following information are required from existing plant which has applied for expansion or product mix. New plant may reply like This will be done or provided (13) Give record of last three years for any legal breach of Environmental and Safety laws, showcause notice, closure etc. (14) Give record of last three years of fatal and non-fatal accidents and dangerous occurrences under the Gujarat Factories Rules 1963 (GFR) for factories. (15) Are records of medical examinations of workers maintained as per GFR? (Indicative of health hazards, accidents and pollution effects. If not, give reasons and state your alternatives.
38

Total workers in all shifts Male Female Total

(16) Are first-aid centre, antidotes and arrangement of ambulance van provided for injured workers? If not, give reasons and state your alternatives. (17) Is On-site Emergency Plan prepared and rehearsed? If not, give reasons and state your alternatives. (18) Is arrangement for training to workers for safety and pollution control made? If not, give reasons and state your alternatives. (19) In case of main power failure, alternate power is necessary to run the essential machinery, pump- motors, stirrers, cooling- heating and other control media, furnaces, pollution control equipment, ETP, fire water pumps, emergency equipment etc. Therefore, install and keep in readiness DG sets of required capacity or CPP (captive power plant). Is it provided? If not, give reasons. (20) Non-IBR (Baby or Unregistered) Boilers are not allowed from safety point of view. As per amendment in IBR (Indian Boiler Regulations), 2007, Boilers up to 500 liters water holding capacity are permitted with relaxation. Therefore use such Small Industrial Boiler (SIB) and get it registered with the Boiler Inspection Office or get No objection certificate from that office. Have you done so? If not, give reasons. Use of registered IBR boiler is safe. (21) Vent and stack gas detectors with alarm (set just below the permissible limit) should be provided to control air pollution. Interlocking to stop excess emission is also necessary. This is in addition to other air pollution control equipment necessary. Have you made this provision? If not, give reasons. (22) Flammable areas should be classified (Zone 0,1,2) and they should be protected by spark avoidance and flameproof electric fittings. Failure to do so may result in heavy fire or explosion, which in turn, can pollute the sky with dense gas clouds and injuries to the public. Have you made this provision? If not, give reasons. (23) Toxic chemicals (including pesticides) should be manufactured, stored and used with utmost safety, because directly or with fire, they emit poisonous gases in atmosphere, pollute the sky dangerously and may also affect public adversely. What is your arrangement? (24) Are Qualified Safety Officer, Supervisors and Factory Medical Officer employed for hazardous processes? Refer section 40-B of the Factories Act and Rule 68-S and 68-U of the Gujarat Factories Rules (GFR). If not, give reasons and state your alternatives. (25) Are equipment/instrument to measure, record and analyze workplace exposure including air and water quality, noise, vibration, heat stress, ventilation, illumination etc. procured and used by you? If not, what is your arrangement? Is Form-37, GFR (indicative of workplace hazard or pollution) maintained for factory? Is any industrial hygienist employed? In tables B to G given below, where the words (a) New (b) Expansion and (c) Product mix are used, they have the meaning specified in para 2(i), 2(ii) and 2(iii) respectively, in EIA Notification dated 14-9-2006. In case of New project, scientifically calculated / estimated figures are to be given and columns are to be filled accordingly. Tick mark () project status (a), (b) or (c) as applicable.
39

Table B: Products Project Status -Tick mark ()-(a) New (b) Expansion (c) Product mix Sr. Full name of Production State i.e. No. of container & size No the product Rate solid / at site MT/day Liquid / gas No. MT 1 2 3 4 5 6

Table C: Raw Materials Project Status -Tick mark ()-(a) New (b) Expansion (c) Product mix Sr. No Full name of the raw material State i.e. Solid, liquid or gas No. of container & size at site No. MT Storage Parameters Pressure Kg/cm 4 5 6
2

Temp. C

Table D: Wastes Generation, Hazards and Controls Project Status -Tick mark ()-(a) New (b) Expansion (c) Product mix Sr. No Name of the waste generated State i.e. solid, Source of liquid or gas Waste Generation Rate of Waste Generation KL/day or MT/day 1 Contd Control measures provided Type of ETP / CETP / incinerator and its capacity or disposal rate KLD or MT/day 8 9 10 11 Type of Air pollution measurement & control equipment Type of solid waste disposal arrangement Others 2 3 4 5 State wise quantity of total untreated waste at site 6 Hazards possible

Note:

Hazard or pollution control plant or equipment should be properly designed to meet with the statutory requirements.
40

Table E: Analysis of Pollution Parameters Before and After Treatment Project Status -Tick mark ()-(a) New (b) Expansion (c) Product mix Sr. No Land (soil) Parameters Before After Standards plant /Norms -- pH, bulk Project (base working prescribed density, line (after elements, data) impacts heavy and metals, control) minerals etc. ParametersEffluent Before After Standards treatment treatment / Norms Sp.gravity, (at the (at the prescribed pH, BOD, ETP ETP COD, SS, inlet) outlet)* TDS, heavy metals, oil & grease, colour, temp., toxic compound, etc. 6 7 8 9

Contd. Air and Noise Source and Parameters such as Particulate matter, gas & dust emission, air temperature, noise etc. Location 10 Parameter 11 12 13 14 Before treatment or control measures After treatment or after control measures * Standards / Norms prescribed

* Explain the treatment process and technology. Table F: Resource Consumption and Conservation Project Status -Tick mark ()-(a) New (b) Expansion (c) Product mix Sr. No Land Total Project Area m2 Margin area kept open m2 3 Tree plantation (Green belt) m Provided (for existing plant) 4
2

To be Provided

Measures provided to prevent soil pollution or erosion

Area kept open for future expansion, if any, and its current usage.

41

Contd. Water Effluent Source & quantity available KL/day 8 Contd. Electricity Connected load KW/MW From Electr icity Co. 15 From DG / CPP 16 Consu mptio n KW / day 17 18 19 Conser vation progra m Stock at site Name Qty. KL MT/day 20 21 22 23 24 25 Fuel Consump tion KL/day Conser vation progra m Steam / Thermic fluid Type & No of Boilers or Heaters Steam Conse or oil rvatio consum n ption progra rate m Total consumption KL/day 9 10 11 12 13 Generate d KL/day Recycled or reused KL/day Rain water harvesting, recharging etc. with quantity Air polluting activities processes, machines etc. Air Air pollution control measures provided (dust separators, collectors, LEV*, flare, incinerator etc) 14

Note : (1) * LEV = Local exhaust ventilation to capture and collect dust, gas etc at source. (2) Use of wood as a fuel should be substituted by gas, oil, etc. If natural gas is available, other fuel will not be used. (3) If you use or intend to use (in case of new project or expansion of existing project) resources other than stated above, give their names, source and stock at site, rate of consumption (KL/day) and conservation program. (4) ETP / CETP / FETP and all pollution control measures should be properly designed to fulfill the statutory requirements or norms. Table G: Risk Estimation Project Status -Tick mark ()-(a) New (b) Expansion (c) Product mix Sr. No Short description of Scenario (At least one Worst case and one MCA*scenario) 2 Type of hazard possible Types of risks such as Fire, Explosion, Toxic release or other Harm 4 Probability (frequency or likelihood)

42

Contd. Severity # Type of injury possible e.g. burn, fracture, death, etc. 6 Extent or concentratio n ppm, mg/m3, kw/m2, psi, etc. 7 8 9 10 11 Damage distance from source (meters) Persons and property likely to be affected within damage distance No injury distance with criteria # Risk control measures provided

* #

MCA = Maximum credible accident. (1) For toxic gases - LC50 or IDLH or LOC (2) For Heat radiation 4.0 KW/m2, and (3) For Explosion overpressure - 0.02 bar.

Note : Suppression of correct information or giving wrong or insufficient information may result in rejection of application or clearance at any stage.

43

Annexure B
FORMAT OF FIRST PRESENTATION BY APPLICANT BEFORE THE SEAC, GUJARAT STATE (For Chemical Industry Projects) Objective of this format: Based on past hearing of numerous applicants by the SEAC, it was felt necessary to design and publish a format of first presentation before the SEAC for the object of containing only those information which are : (1) Very basic and essential to understand generation of environmental impacts, their effects and control measures while hearing at the first instance. (2) Focusing basic and quantitative data of (A) General information. (B) Products. (C) Raw materials. (D) Wastes Generation, Hazards and Control. (E) Analysis of Pollution Parameters before and after treatment. (F) Resource Consumption and Conservation (G) Risk estimation. (3) Useful in saving time of decision because of really required information produced.

(4) Helping to prepare many data of Details prescribed in the last column of Form-1, under EIA Notification dated 14-9-2006. Thus, this format facilitates and provides details required by Form-1. Please refer and follow the General Guidelines for Project Proponents supplied to you by the SEAC (Part A-3 of these guidelines). Table A: General Information (1) Name and location of the Project: __________ (2) Has any construction work/activity started and going on at site? (3) Have you made any application for category A project to MoEF, Delhi, at the same premises? (4) Details of Applicant: (A) Full Name (B) Address : (i) Postal (ii) E-mail : :

(C) Phone

(D) Website

(i) Land line : (ii) Mobile : (iii) Fax : :

44

(5) Is application for new project or for expansion or for product mix ? (6) Is land procured or to be procured for new project or for expansion? (7) Is location falling within 10 km radius from the notified wildlife sanctuary / Parks or any such ecologically sensitive or critically polluted areas? (8) Is your location fulfilling the requirements of any other Environment or Safety laws or Guidelines? (eg.Rules-5 of E(P) Rules) If not, give reasons. (9) Attach the following three maps (appropriate size and fully legible) :(A) Showing your location by satellite imagery (at least the Google or Bhuvan image). (B) Showing your project and surrounding with approach roads. (C) Showing your plant (plot) layout with North direction, approach roads, entry and exit gates and two or more staircases on each floor in high rise building (more than four floors). Approach distance to any staircase should not be more than 30 mt on each floor. Show the inside plants (existing and proposed) with block diagram. (10) (A) Total Cost of the Project in Rs. _________ and (B) Total plot area of the project ________ m2 (11) (A) Screening category (as per EIA notification dtd 14-9-2006) : (B) Scoping / Proposed Terms of Reference (TOR) for EIA studies : (12) Manpower (including contract workers) data Status (a) New or Current (b) Expansion (c) Product mix Total Note: In case of new project, please give the proposed (estimated) figures. Following information are required from existing plant which has applied for expansion or product mix. New plant may reply like This will be done or provided (13) Give record of last three years for any legal breach of Environmental and Safety laws, showcause notice, closure etc. (14) (15) Give record of last three years of fatal and non-fatal accidents and dangerous occurrences under the Gujarat Factories Rules 1963 (GFR) for factories. Are records of medical examinations of workers maintained as per GFR? (Indicative of health hazards, accidents and pollution effects). If not, give reasons and state your alternatives.
45

Total workers in all shifts Male Female Total

(16)

Are first-aid centre, antidotes and arrangement of ambulance van provided for injured workers? If not, give reasons and state your alternatives.

(17) Is On-site Emergency Plan prepared and rehearsed? If not, give reasons and state your alternatives. (18) Is arrangement for training to workers for safety and pollution control made? If not, give reasons and state your alternatives. (19) In case of main power failure, alternate power is necessary to run the essential machinery, pump- motors, stirrers, cooling- heating and other control media, furnaces, pollution control equipment, ETP, fire water pumps, emergency equipment etc. Therefore, install and keep in readiness DG sets of required capacity or CPP (captive power plant). Is it provided? If not, give reasons. Non-IBR (Baby or Unregistered) Boilers are not allowed from safety point of view. As per amendment in IBR (Indian Boiler Regulations), 2007, Boilers up to 500 liters water holding capacity are permitted with relaxation. Therefore use such Small Industrial Boiler (SIB) and get it registered with the Boiler Inspection Office or get No objection certificate from that office. Have you done so? If not, give reasons. Use of registered IBR boiler is safe. Vent and stack gas detectors with alarm (set just below the permissible limit) should be provided to control air pollution. Interlocking to stop excess emission is also necessary. This is in addition to other air pollution control equipment necessary. Have you made this provision? If not, give reasons. Flammable areas should be classified (Zone 0,1,2) and they should be protected by spark avoidance and flameproof electric fittings. Failure to do so may result in heavy fire or explosion, which in turn, can pollute the sky with dense gas clouds and injuries to the public. Have you made this provision? If not, give reasons. Toxic chemicals (including pesticides) should be manufactured, stored and used with utmost safety, because directly or with fire, they emit poisonous gases in atmosphere, pollute the sky dangerously and may also affect public adversely. What is your arrangement? Are Qualified Safety Officer, Supervisors and Factory Medical Officer employed for hazardous processes? Refer section 40-B of the Factories Act and Rule 68-S and 68-U of the Gujarat Factories Rules (GFR). If not, give reasons and state your alternatives. Are equipment/instrument to measure, record and analyze workplace exposure including air and water quality, noise, vibration, heat stress, ventilation, illumination etc. procured and used by you? If not, what is your arrangement? Is Form-37, GFR (indicative of workplace hazard or pollution) maintained for factory? Is any industrial hygienist employed?

(20)

(21)

(22)

(23)

(24)

(25)

In tables B to G given below, where the words (a) New (b) Expansion and (c) Product mix are used, they have the meaning specified in para 2(i), 2(ii) and 2(iii) respectively, in EIA Notification dated 14-9-2006. In case of New project, scientifically calculated / estimated figures are to be given and columns are to be filled accordingly. Tick mark () project status (a), (b) or (c) as applicable.
46

Table B: Products Project Status -Tick mark ()-(a) New (b) Expansion (c) Product mix Sr. No Full Product State No. of name of ion i.e. container & the Rate solid / Size at site product MT/day Liquid / No. MT gas Main properties (refer MSDS)

B.P. C

Fl.P. C

LEL UE L % 9

TLV ppm or mg/m3 10

LD50 mg/Kg or LC50 mg/l 11

Table C: Raw Materials Project Status -Tick mark ()-(a) New (b) Expansion (c) Product mix Full name of the Sr. raw material No 1 Contd Main properties (refer MSDS) B.P. C Fl. P. C LEL UEL % TLV ppm or mg/m3 11 LD50 mg/Kg or LC50 mg/l Specific Gravity (water =1) Vapour Density (air =1) 13 14 Odour threshold ppm or mg/m3 8 9 10 12 15 2 State i.e. Solid, liquid or gas 3 No. of container & size at site No. MT 4 5 Storage Parameters Pressure Kg/cm 6
2

Temp. C 7

Table D: Wastes Generation, Hazards and Controls Project Status -Tick mark ()-(a) New (b) Expansion (c) Product mix Sr. No Name of the waste generated State i.e. solid, liquid or gas Source of Waste Generation Rate of Waste Generation KL/day or MT/day 1 2 3 4 5 Statewise Quantity of total untreated waste at site 6 Hazards possible

47

Contd Control measures provided Type of ETP / CETP and its capacity or discharge rate KLD or MT/day 8 9 10 11 Type of Air pollution measurement & control equipment Type of solid waste disposal arrangement Others

Note: Hazard or pollution control plant or equipment should be properly designed to meet with the statutory requirements. Table E: Analysis of Pollution Parameters Before and After Treatment Project Status -Tick mark ()-(a) New (b) Expansion (c) Product mix Sr. No Land (soil) Parameters Before After Standards Project plant /Norms -- pH, bulk (base working prescribed density, line (after elements, data) impacts heavy and metals, control) minerals etc. ParametersEffluent Before After Standards treatment treatment / Norms Sp.gravity, (at the (at the prescribed pH, BOD, ETP ETP COD, SS, inlet) outlet)* TDS, heavy metals, oil & grease, colour, temp., toxic compound, etc. 6 7 8 9

Contd. Air and Noise Source and Parameters such as Particulate matter, gas & dust emission, air temperature, noise etc. Location 10 Parameter 11 12 13 14 Before treatment or control measures After treatment or after control measures * Standards / Norms prescribed

* Explain the treatment process and technology.

48

Table F: Resource Consumption and Conservation Project Status -Tick mark ()-(a) New (b) Expansion (c) Product mix Sr. No Land Total Project Area m2 1 2 Margin area kept open m2 3 Tree plantation (Green belt) m2 Provided (for existing) 4 To be Provided 5 Measures provided to prevent soil pollution or erosion 6 Area kept open for future expansion, if any, and its current usage.

Contd. Water Effluent Source & quantity available KL/day Total consumption KL/day 9 10 11 12 Generated KL/day Recycled or reused KL/day Rain water harvesting, recharging etc. with quantity Air polluting activities processes, machines etc 13 Air Air pollution control measures provided (dust separators, collectors, LEV*, flare, incinerator etc) 14

Contd. Electricity Connected load KW/MW From Electr icity Co. 15 From DG / CPP 16 Consu mptio n KW / day 17 18 19 Conser vation progra m Stock at site Name Qty. KL MT/day 20 21 22 23 24 25 Fuel Consump tion KL/day Conser vation progra m Steam / Thermic fluid Type & No of Boiler or Heater Steam / Conse oil rvatio consum n ption progra rate m

Note : (1) * LEV = Local exhaust ventilation to capture and collect dust, gas etc at source. (2) Use of wood as a fuel should be substituted by gas, oil, etc. If natural gas is available, other fuel will not be used.

49

(3)

(4)

If you use or intend to use (in case of new project or expansion of existing project) resources other than stated above, give their names, source and stock at site, rate of consumption (KL/day) and conservation program. ETP / CETP / FETP and all pollution control measures should be properly designed to fulfill the statutory requirements or norms. Table G: Risk Estimation

Project Status -Tick mark ()-(a) New (b) Expansion (c) Product mix Sr. No Short description of Scenario (At least one Worst case and one MCA*scenario) 2 Type of Hazard or Chemical involved 3 Types of risks such as Fire, Explosion, Toxic release or other Harm 4 Probability (frequency or likelihood) 5

Contd. Severity # Type of injury possible e.g. burn, fracture, death, etc. 6 Extent or concentratio n ppm, mg/m3, kw/m2, psi, etc. 7 8 9 10 11 Damage distance from source (meters) Persons and property likely to be affected within damage distance No injury distance with criteria # Risk control measures provided

* #

MCA = Maximum credible accident. (1) For toxic gases - LC50 or IDLH or LOC (2) For Heat radiation 4.0 KW/m2, and (3) For Explosion overpressure - 0.02 bar.

Note : Suppression of correct information or giving wrong or insufficient information may result in rejection of application or clearance at any stage.

50

Annexure C
Application of Remote Sensing and Satellite Images in Environment Impact Assessment some important aspects required to be considered while preparing the EIA reports : 1. Latest Remote Sensing data should be analyzed for land use utilization / land use pattern with respect to the location of the proposed development to establish the site suitability 2. Precautions should be taken in choosing the date of satellite data to have factual description of land features 3. Scale of depiction should be chosen in such a way that pollution related to air, water and soil may be linked to each features so that the relations could be established e.g. the distance of the existing habitation / settlement / industries and workers from the source of pollution has a different implications for different situations 4. The satellite data should also be interpreted for understanding the crop type and intensity of cultivation (it will have an implication on number of people working in nearby fields) 5. Other vegetation type may also be shown with respect to location so that the interaction of proposed development could also be understood and studied 6. The study of drainages and hydrological pattern should be done in such a way that the run off direction could also be shown on the map to study the path of run off from the development site. The downstream impacts due to such run off should also be studied to understand the final recipient (which could be water body or the settlement) due to the water pollution, if any. 7. The soil characteristics (may be from other sources) with respect to permeability and also to show how the water would percolate over the time in case the land application of the treated effluent is proposed. In nutshell, the process which will result out of this development should be studied with respect to the location of different features.

51

Appendix
Appendix 1 : Some Useful Terminology / Definitions
Some useful terminology related to Environment and Pollution are as under:
Air Pollutant : Any solid, liquid or gaseous substance (including noise) present in the atmosphere in such concentration as may be or tend to be injurious to human beings or other living creatures or plants or property or environment. Air Pollution : Presence in the atmosphere of any air pollutant Air Pollution Control Equipment : Any apparatus, device, equipment or system to control the quality and manner of emission of any air pollutant and includes any device used for securing the efficient operation of any industrial plant. Accident : An unintended occurrence arising out of and in the course of employment of a person resulting in injury.

Built-up area : Means the area covered by a building on all floors including cantilevered portion, if any, but except the areas excluded specifically under GDCR regulations. Bio-diversity : Means the variability among living organisms from all sources and the ecological complexes of which they are part, and includes diversity within species or between species and of eco-systems.

Consequence Assessment : A calculation or estimate of the nature and extent of the damage caused by all specified hazardous events, including the influence of environmental factors and the probability of exposure of individuals, populations or ecosystems. Emission : Any solid or liquid or gaseous substance coming out of any chimney, duct or flue or any other outlet.

Environment : Includes water, air, land and the inter-relationship which exists among and between water, air, land, human beings, other living creatures, plants, microorganism and property. Environmental Pollutant : Any solid, liquid or gaseous substance (including noise) present in such concentration as may be or tend to be injurious to environment. Environmental Pollution : Presence in the environment of any environmental pollutant. Extinct : Endangered : Ecosystem : That are no longer known to exist in the wild. That have a high likelihood of going extinct in the near future. It is the whole biotic community in a given area plus its abiotic environment.

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Floor Space Index (FSI) : Means quotient of the ratio of the combined gross floor area of the all floors including areas of all walls, except areas specifically exempted under GDCR regulations, to the total area of the plot / building unit.
Floor Space Index = Total covered area / floor area including walls of all floors Plot Area

Fire Lift : Flora : Fauna :

Means a special lift designed for the use of fire service personnel in the event of fire or other emergency to reach different floors with minimum delay. It is the species content of the regain irrespective of the numerical strength of each species thus vegetation is describe where as flora is listed. Species content of animals present in any area.

Hazardous Substance : Any substance or preparation which, by reason of its chemical or physicochemical properties or handling; is liable to cause harm to human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro-organism, property or the environment. Handling in Relation To Any Substance : Means the manufacturing, processing, treatment, package, storage, transportation, use, collection, destruction, conversion, offering for sake, transfer or the like of such substance. Hazard : An inherent property of a substance, agent, source of energy or situation having the potential to cause undesirable consequences (e.g. properties that can cause adverse effects of damage to health, environment or property). The major hazards in chemical process industry may be fire, explosion, toxic release etc. Includes land, water, or vegetation which is the natural home of any wild animal;

Habitat :

Hazard Identification : Systematic investigation of the possible hazards associated with an installation, particularly identification of the hazards of the chemical(s) that can cause injury or death to people or damage to property by the release of the chemical or by the release of energy in the event of an accident. Height of Building : Means the vertical distance measured from the average ground level / high flood level / plot level and upto the top of the finished level of the top floor slab in case of flat roofs and upto the mid point of the height of the slopping roof excluding the genuine stair cabin, water tank and lift-room. The height of the slopping roof shall be taken as an average height of the relevant floor. Note:- High flood level shall be decided by competent authority. High Rise Building (As per NBC) : All buildings 15 m or above in height shall be considered as high rise building.
Note : All buildings, which are 15 m in height or above, and all buildings used as educational, assembly, institutional, industrial, storage and hazardous occupancies and mixed occupancies with any of the aforesaid occupancies, having area more than 500 m2 on each floor shall have a minimum of two staircases. They shall be of enclosed type; at least one of them shall be on external walls of buildings and shall open directly to the exterior, interior open space or to an open place of safety. Further, the provision or otherwise of alternative staircases shall be subject to the requirements of travel distance being complied with. Lifts and escalators shall not be considered as exits. A staircase shall not be arranged round a lift shaft. 53

Insufficiently known species : That probably belong to one of the conservation categories but are not sufficiently well known to be assigned to a specific category. Immediate Danger To Life & Health (IDLH) : Maximum concentration of substance to which workers can be exposed for a period up to 15 minutes continuously without producing acute health effects on the body or irreversible organ system damage. Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) Scenario : Indicates most believable, reasonable, trust worthy, convincing, likely or possible accident scenario and damage distance based on it. MCA scenario takes into account the effect of existing control measures also. It considers the malfunctioning of the control system, opening of safety valve, flange joint, pipe line etc. and failing of some safety devise. Status of Species for Conservation : To highlight the legal status of rare species for purpose of conservation, the IUCN (1984, 1988) has established the following five main conservation categories : Sanctuary : Means an area declared, whether under sec. [26(A)5] or sec 38, or deemed, under sub section (3) of Sec.66 of the Indian Forest Act to be declared, as a wildlife sanctuary A uniform interbreeding population spread overtime and space. ACGIH term for airborne concentration of a substance below which all workers are believed to be protected while exposed to it day after day for 8-hour periods. For gases and vapors, TLV is stated as parts per million (PPM) of surrounding air, and for fumes, mists, and dusts as milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3) of surrounding air. ACGIH classifies TLV in three ways. (1) TLV-TWA: time weighted average concentration for a normal 8-hour workday or 40-hour workweek. (2) TLV-STEL: short term exposure limit, or maximum concentration of a substance (a) for a continuous 15-minute exposure period, (b) for maximum of 4 such periods per day, (c) with at least one 60-minute exposure-free period between two exposures periods, and (d) provided the daily TLV-TWA is met.
(3) TLV-C: ceiling exposure limit or maximum exposure concentration that should not be exceeded under any circumstance, while meeting the daily TLV

Species : TLV :

National Park : Means an area declared, whether under sec.35. or sec.38 or deemed, under sub-section (3) of sec.66. to be declared, as a National Park

Protected Areas for Biodiversity Conservation and Legal Position : In the steering committee meeting of the CNPPA held in 1993, a consensus was reached to have the following set of categories for the Pas. These are given below with the broad management objectives. Category I : Category II : Category III : Strict nature reserve / wilderness areas : protected areas managed mainly for science or wilderness protection National park : protected areas managed mainly for ecosystem conservation and recreation. Natural monument : protected areas managed mainly for conservation of specific natural futures.
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Category IV : Category V : Category VI :

Habitat / species management areas : protected areas managed mainly for conservation through management intervention. Protected landscape / seascape : protected areas managed mainly for landscape / seascape conservation and recreation. Managed resource protected areas: managed mainly for the sustainable use of natural ecosystems.

Parking Space : Means an enclosed or unenclosed covered or open area sufficient in size to park vehicles. Parking spaces shall be served by a driveway connecting them with a street or alley and permitting ingress of egress of vehicles. Reserve Forest : Means the forest declared to be reserved by the State Government under sec.20. of the Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of 1927) Rare : Species that have small total numbers of individuals often due to limited geographical ranges of low population densities.

Risk Assessment : It is the quantitative evaluation of the likelihood of undesired events and their consequences being caused together and a value judgement concerning the significance of the results after comparing with set, legal or accepted values or standards. Objectives of risk assessment are : 1) Identification of vulnerable zones (losses of persons and property) of the premises. 2) Estimation of hazard distances for the maximum credible accident (MCA) scenarios. 3) Suggestions for risk mitigation measures and delineation of approach to disaster management plan (DMP). Wild life : Includes any animal (except domestic) an aquatic and land vegetation which form part of any habitat. In practice it is used for a particular animal species.

Water Pollution : Such contamination of water or such alteration of the physical, chemical or biological properties of water or such discharge of any sewage or trade effluent or of any other liquid, gaseous or solid substance into water (whether directly or indirectly) as may, or is likely to, create a nuisance or render such water harmful or injurious to public health or safety, or to domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural or other legitimate uses, or to the life and health of animals or plants or of aquatic organizers Worst Case Release Scenario : Release of the largest quantity of a regulated substance from a single vessel or process line failure that results in the greatest distance to an end point e.g. catastrophic failure. It considers the failure of all control systems and release of the whole mass resulting in maximum damage. Vulnerable : Vegetation : Species that may become endangered in the near future because population of the species are decreasing in size throughout its range. The collective and continuous growth of plants in space is called vegetation.
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Appendix 2 :
National Parks :
Sr. No. 1 2 3 4 Name

List of National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries and Conservation Reserve in Gujarat

Gir National Park Black National Park Vansda National Park Marine National Park

Year of Establishment 1975 1976 1979 1982

Area Sq. Km. 258.71 34.08 23.99 162.89

District Junagadh Bhavnagar Navsari Jamnagar

Wildlife Sanctuaries:
Sr. No. 1 2 Name Gir Wild Life Sanctuary Wild Ass Sanctuary Year of Establishment 1965 1973 Area Sq. Km. 1153.42 4953.70 District Junagadh & Amreli Kachchh, Surendranagar, Rajkot, Banaskantha, Patan & Mehsana Ahmedabad & Surendranagar Banaskantha Porbandar Rajkot Jamnagar Kachchh Jamnagar Dahod Kachchh Jamnagar Rajkot Narmada Porbandar Amreli

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Nal Sarovar Birds Sanctuary Jessore Sloth Bear Sanctuary Barda Wild Life Sanctuary Hingolgadh Sanctuary Marine Sanctuary Narayan Sarovar Sanctuary Khijadia Bird Sanctuary Ratanmahal Sanctuary Kutch Desert Sanctuary Gaga Wild Life Sanctuary Rampara Sanctuary Thol Lake Bird Sanctuary Shoolpaneshwar Sanctuary Porbandar Birds Sanctuary Pania Wild Life Sanctuary

1969 1978 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1986 1988 1988 1988 1982 1988 1989 56

120.82 180.66 192.31 6.54 295.03 444.23 6.05 55.65 7506.22 3.33 15.01 6.99 607.7 0.09 39.63

Sr. No. 18 19 20 21 22 23

Name Balaram Ambaji Sanctuary Jambughoda Sanctuary Purna Wild Life Sancturay KutchBustard Sanctuary Mitiyala Wildlife Sanctuary Girnar Wildlife Sanctuary

Year of Establishment 1989 1990 1990 1992 2004 2008

Area Sq. Km. 542.08 130.38 160.84 2.03 0.77 178.87

District Banaskantha Panchmahal Dang Kuchchh Amreli Junagadh

Biosphere Reserve :
Sr. No. 1 Name Chharikund Conservation Reserve Year of Establishment 2008 Area Sq. Km. 227.0 District Kuchchh

Conservation Reserve :
Sr. No. 1 Name Kutchchh Biosphere Reserve Year of Establishment 2009 Area Sq. Km. 12754.00 District Kuchchh

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Appendix 3 : National Ambient Air Quality Standards

(Notified by the MoEF vide G.S.R. 826(E) on 16.11.2009)
Sr. No Pollutant and unit Time Weighted Average Concentration in Ambient Air Industrial Ecologically Methods of Measurement Residenti Sensitive al Rural Area and Other (Notified by Area Central Govt) 4 50 80 40 80 60 100 40 60 100 180 0.50 1.0 5 20 80 30 80 60 100 40 60 100 180 0.50 1.0 6 -Improved West and Gaeke

1 1

2 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) g/m3 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) g/m3 Particulate Matter (size less then 10 m) or PM10 g/m3 Particulate Matter (size less then 2.5 m) or PM2.5 g/m3 Ozone (O3) g/m3 Lead (Pb) g/m3

3 Annual * 24 hours** Annual * 24 hours** Annual * 24 hours** Annual * 24 hours** 8 hours** 1 hours** Annual * 24 hours**

-Modified Jacob & Hochheiser ( Na-Arsente) Chemiluminescence's - Gravimetric - TOEM - Beta attenuation - Gravimetric - TOEM - Beta attenuation - UV photometric - Chemilminescence - Chemical Method - AAS/1CP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper - ED -XRF using Teflon filter - Non Dispersive Infra Red ( NDIR ) Spectroscopy -Chemiluminescence - Indophenol blue method - Gas Chromatography based continuous analyzer - Adsorption and Desorption followed by GC analysis - Solvent extraction followed by HPLC/GC analysis - AAS /ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper

Carbon Manoxide (CO) mg/m3 Ammonia (NH3) g/m3 Benzene (C6 H6) g/m3

8 hours** 1 hours** Annual * 24 hours** Annual*

02 04 100 400 05

02 04 100 400 05

10

11

Benzo(a)Pyrene (BaP)- particulate phase only, ng/m3 Arsenic (As) ng/m3

Annual*

01

01

Annual*

06

06

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Sr. No

Pollutant and unit

Time Weighted Average

Concentration in Ambient Air Industrial Ecologically Methods of Measurement Residenti Sensitive al Rural Area and Other (Notified by Area Central Govt) 4 20 5 20 6 - AAS / ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper

1 12

2 Nickel (Ni) ng/m3

3 Annual*

Annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year at a particular site taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform intervals. 24 hourly or 08 hourly or 01 hourly monitored values, as applicable, shall be complied with 98% of the time in a year. 2% of the time, they may exceed the limits but not on two consecutive days of monitoring.

**

Note: Whenever and wherever monitoring results on two consecutive days of monitoring exceed the limits specified above for the respective category, it shall be considered adequate reason to institute regular or continuous monitoring and further investigation.

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Appendix 4 : Some Useful Books / Publications

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. Environment Impact Analysis by Larry Canter Environment Impact Assessment by Riki Therival Environment Impact Analysis by Christopher Wood Environment Impact Assessment by R. K. Jain Water and Wastewater Treatment by Metcalf & Eddy Water Supply and Sewerage System by Mcghee Environmental Engineering by Peavy, Rowe and Tchvanoglous Environmental Chemistry by Sawyer & McCarty Air Pollution by Wark and Warner Air Pollution by Stern Wastewater Treatment / Engineering by S. Z. Qasim Industrial Wastewater by Nelson Nemerow Environmental Microbiology by Ralf Mitchelle Fundamentals of Industrial Safety and Health by Dr.K.U.Mistry Pollution Control Acts, Rules and Notifications Issued Thereunder, Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi-32. www.envfor.nic.in www.cpcb.nic.in www.gpcb.gov.in http://gujenvfor.gswan.gov.in/ http://seiaa.gujarat.gov.in/ www.worldbank.org www.unep.org www.adb.org www.usepa.org www.msdsonline.com www.safetyforeveryone.com/doyouknow/dyk.html http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/laws.htm www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pesticides/ www.skcinc.com/reference.asp www.epa.gov/ceppo/cameo/request.htm Journal of Indian Association for Environmental Management by NEERI, Nagpur. Environmental Health by NEERI, Nagpur. Indian Journal of Occupational Hygiene and Safety by Central Industrial Hygiene Association India, Vallabh Vidhyanagar. Journal for Environmental Science and Engineering. Water and wastewater by Water Environment Federation, US Journal of Indian Water and Wastewater Association, IWWA, Mumbai

Appendix 5 : Some useful Websites

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Appendix 6: Some useful Journals

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