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PROGRAM PENINGKATAN PRESTASI

MATA PELAJARAN SAINS DAN MATEMATIK
TAHUN 2008
JABATAN PELAJARAN SELANGOR
MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A

MARKS
MARKING CRITERIA
No. SUB TOTAL
1.(a) Displacement // distance // speed // velocity // acceleration // 1
deceleration // time

(b) Tick the correct answer refer to 1(a) in the correct box 1

(c) Average velocity = 80 1

30
= 2.67 ms -1 1 4

2. (a) Pascal’s principle 1

(b) P = F = 20 N
A 0.1 m 2
= 200 Nm -2 (answer with correct units) 1

(c) 200 = F2 1
0.5
F2 = 100 N (answer with correct units) 1 5

(d) Output force increases 1

3.(a)(i) Constant velocity 1

(ii) deceleration 1

(b) a = 10 - 5 1
2
= 2.5 ms -2 (answer with correct units) 1

(c) s = 5 + 10 X 2 1
2
= 15 m (answer with correct units) 1 6

4(a). Unstable nuclei that disintegrate to become more stable by

emitting radiation 1

(b)(i) 25 1

(ii) beta particles 1

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(c) Mark at ( 0, 4000 ) 1

Mark ( 2 000, 6000 )

( 12 000, 1000 )
( 18 000, 500 )
( 24 000, 250 ) 2

Plot graph with smooth curve

1 7

5(a)(i) Chemical energy to kinetic energy // 1

Mechanical energy to kinetic energy
(ii) Electrical energy to kinetic energy 1

(b) Energy can be changed from one form to another 1

(c) When work is done 1

(d) Conservation of energy 1

(e)(i) sin 30 = 5
AB 1
AB = 10 m 1

(ii) W = 800 X 10
= 8000 J 1 8

6(a)(i) Depth at P is less than depth at Q 1

(ii) Pressure of water at P is less than pressure of water at Q 1
(iii) The volume of the bubble at P is bigger than at Q 1

(b)(i) Depth increases, pressure increases 1

(ii) Pressure increases, the volume of bubble decreases 1
(ii) Boyle’s Law 1

(c) From Q to P, pressure decreases 1

Distance between molecules increase / expand 1 8

7(a)(i) Interference 1
(ii) Constructive interference 1

(b) λ = 340 1
2000
= 0.17 m 1

c (i) Increase 1
x α 1 1
a

(ii) Increase 1

f α 1 and x α λ // x α 1 1
f f
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(d)(i) destructive interference 1

(ii)

+ 1

10

8.(a)
Input Output
A B C
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
2

(b)(i)
Input Output
P Q R S T
0 0 1 1 0
0 1 1 1 0
1 0 1 1 0
1 1 0 0 1
3

(ii) AND GATE 1

(iii)
1

(c)(i) X = NOT 1
Y = AND 1

(ii) P Q R
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 1
1 1 0 2

(iii) R = P • Q 1 12
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FIZIK KERTAS 2
( Section B )
No. Marking Criteria/Answers Marks

9(a) The distance between the focal point and the optical centre. 1
1. C is centre of a circle or CM is radius of circle 1
2. The light strike perpendicular to the mirror. 1
3. Incident angle is 00. 1
4. reflection angle is 00 or reflection law is obeyed 1

b(i) same 1
(ii) diagram 10.2(b) is further than 10.2(a) 1
(iii) diagram 10.2(b) is smaller than 10.2(a) 1
(iv) the further the object from the mirror, the smaller the image formed 1
the further the object, the smaller the linear magnification 1

(c) Convex mirror The image formed is virtual, upright an diminished

Large diameter More object can be seen

More curve the Wider field view

mirror

Less thickness Avoid multiple image formed

Top corner Can look easily by observer

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No. Marking Criteria / Answers Marks

10.(a) The current produced when the magnetic flux is cut across by a conductor// 1
Changing of flux at conductor

(b)(i) 10.2 - no relative motion between the magnet and the coil //
10.3 - there is relative motion 1
(ii) Number of turns in 10.3 is less than number of turns in 10.4
(iii) Number of turns increases, 1
The change in magnetic flux increases
Induced current increases 1
(iv) Faraday’s Law 1
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(c) Magnetic flux is cut , induced current is produced 1

When Θ = 90 o maximum current produced // 1
Θ = 0o minimum current produced
Commutator is used to ensure the direction of the current that flows through 1
the external circuit is in one direction

(d) Suggestion Rationale

1. Step down transformer To reduce voltage

2. Ns : Np = 240 : 6 = 40 : 1 To reduce 240V to 6V

3. Use diode To change AC to DC

4. Use capacitor To smooth the output current

5. Use laminated soft iron core To reduce heat loss due to eddy 10
current
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No. Marking Criteria/Answers Marks

11.(a)
(i) An upwards force on an object placed in a liquid which comes from 1
the liquid itself and makes the object appear to lose weight.

h1
h2

(ii) P = hρg 1
The pressure difference in the fluid = P2 - P1 = h2ρg - h1ρg 1
P = F/A, A = area of the object (bottom and top)
The difference between the two forces (at bottom and top)
= P2A - P1A 1
= A(P2 - P1)
= A ρ g(h2 - h1)
Buoyant force = Vρ g 1
= mg = weight of the fluid displaced
(m = ρV; volume of the object = volume of the liquid displaced)
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(b)
W air = 0.8 X 1200 X 10 = 9600 N
(i) Total weight = 9600 + 4000 = 13 600 N 1
1
(ii) Buoyant force = 1.3 X 1200 X 10 = 15 600 N
1
(iii) Net force = 15 600 N - 13 600 N = 2000 N
1
(c) ENVELOPES – CONSTRUCT FROM NYLON
(i) • Lightweight material //
• Reduce the total weight of the balloon. Resultant force is bigger. Lift up 1
the balloon higher //
• Strong, not easily torn, can withstand the strong winds which could
easily wreck the balloon.
1
BALLOON SHOULD BE LARGE SIZE
• Displace more volume of air //
• Weight of air displaced is greater // 1
• To create sufficient buoyant force. Lift up the balloon higher.

USE TWO BURNERS 1

• To warm up the air in the balloon quickly //
• To keep the balloon rising 1

THE BASKET MUST BE MADE OF RATTAN 1

• Light and flexible/safe material //
1
• To stop the balloon gradually AND minimizing the impact //
• Prolong the collision time between basket and ground// reduce
impulsive force when basket hits the ground
1
(ii) S 1
Material of envelope is nylon, large size of the envelope, use two burners and
the basket is made of rattan
1
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No. Marking Criteria/Answers Marks

12
(a)(i) Low melting point // low resistance // thin wire. 1
(ii) High voltage surge or short circuit produces high current.
High current produces high heat (I2Rt).
Heat raise temperature to melting point.
Fuse melt and break the circuit. 3
(iii) If fuse is connected after the load, the live wire and the load still has high
potential difference after the fuse blow unless the switch is off 1
(iv) Earth the chassis by connecting it to the earth wire. 1
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(b) Thin fuse has less mass hence lower heat capacity. 1
1
shorter time to heat up to melting point and blow.
1
1

ic catridge
1
thstand higher temperature because sparks created by high voltage, 1

can be huge. 1
1

1
l current of device is 10 A. 1

mum rating must be higher than normal current 13 A

c)(i)

g point must be low 2

(ii) blow.

osen because

ower heat capacity, ceramic catridge, normal current 10 A and

melting point

Power of A = 2 W
Power of B = 4 W
Note: A has lower resistance than B produce lower power because of
same current.

Power of A = 18 W
Power of B = 9 W
Note: A has lower resistance than B produce higher power due to higher
current.

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