TITLE UTP Cable (Straight-through & Crossover) OBJECTIVE At the end of the lab session, students should be able:

1. Build a straight-through cable to T568-B (or T568-A) standards connection from workstation to hub/switch. 2. Build a crossover cable to T568-B (or T568-A) standards connection from workstation to hub/switch. EQUIPMENT 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. CAT 5 UTP cable (0.5-1 meter each group). Cutter RJ45 (8pin) connector. RJ45 Crimping Tool. Ethernet/RJ45 Continuity Tester.

INSTRUCTION 1. 2. 3. 4. Get the CAT 5 UTP cable for each group. (2 students for 1 group) Cut the jacket at both side of cable so that only the twisted wire is left. Straighten the cable according to its pair. Arrange the wire of cable according to the table below for straight-through cable (normally use T568-B). 5. For straight-through cable, both ends of cable must use T568-A or T568-B arrangement.

T568-B Arrangement Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 COLOUR White/Orange ORANGE White/Green Blue White/Blue Green White/Brown Brown

T568-A Arrangement

PIN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

COLOUR White/Green Green White/Orange Blue White/Blue Orange White/Brown Brown

6. Make sure the arrangement is correct and then insert the wire to the RJ45 and crimp it by using crimping tool. 7. Test the cables by using Ethernet/RJ45 Continuity Tester. 8. Observe and write down the results. 9. Repeat step 1-7 for crossover cables. For crossover cable both ends of cable must use difference arrangement (T568-A and T568-B).

About the Unshielded Twisted Pair(UTP). It is unshielded and features one of more twisted pairs of wires. The twisting is an attempt to counter interference the lead may pick up. Each of the eight individual copper wires in UTP cable \is covered by an insulating material. In addition, the wires in each pair are twisted around each other. UTP cable relies solely on the cancellation effect produced by the twisted wire pairs to limit signal degradation caused by electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI). To further reduce crosstalk between the pairs in UTP cable, the number of twists in the wire pairs varies. UTP cable must follow precise specifications governing how many twists or braids are permitted per meter (3.28 feet) of cable. There isn't much more than that you can say in general since there are various types going from a single pair to over 60 and supporting speeds ranging from 1mbps to 10000mbps. UTP cable often is installed using a Registered Jack 45 (RJ-45) connector (see Figure 8-2). The RJ-45 is an eight-wire connector used commonly to connect computers onto a local-area network (LAN), especially Ethernets.

QUESTIONS a. b. c. d. e. State the characteristics of UTP cable. What is the function of RJ45 connector? Give the difference between straight-through connection and crossover connection. Discuss the experiment result. Summarize the experiment by doing the conclusion.

ANSWER a. Twisted pair cabling comes in two varieties: shielded and unshielded. Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) is the most popular and is generally the best option for school networks The quality of UTP may vary from telephone-grade wire to extremely high-speed cable. The cable has four pairs of wires inside the jacket. Each pair is twisted with a different number of twists per inch to help eliminate interference from adjacent pairs and other electrical devices. The tighter the twisting, the higher the supported transmission rate and the greater the cost per foot. The EIA/TIA (Electronic Industry Association/Telecommunication Industry Association) has established standards of UTP and rated five categories of wire.

b. RJ45 is name of connector types used for Ethernet connections on computers and other Ethernet networking devices like routers and switches and also modems and other devices which support Ethernet interface.

c. Straight means that the cable's wire run straight through, while cross over means that the transmission wires are crossed over to the reception end and the reception wires are crossed over to transmission end. The is no difference in speed, it's just a method of communicating. It depends on the. To connect a computer or modem to a switch/hub/router, you use straight. To connect two computers to each other, you use a crossover cable.

Discussion

RJ-45 conductor data cable contains 4 pairs of wires each consists of a solid colored wire and a strip of the same color. There are two wiring standards for RJ-45 wiring: T-568A and T-568B. Although there are 4 pairs of wires, 10BaseT/100BaseT Ethernet uses only 2 pairs: Orange and Green. The other two colors (blue and brown) may be used for a second Ethernet line or for phone connections. The two wiring standards are used to create a cross-over cable (T-568A on one end, and T-568B on the other end), or a straight-through cable (T-568B or T-568A on both ends).

To create a straight-through cable, we have to use either T-568A or T-568B on both ends of the cable. The diagram depicted above on the left and right shows clip of the RJ-45 connector down. To create a cross-over cable, a wire T-568A on one end and T-568B on the other end of the cable. The straight-through cables are used when connecting Data Terminating Equipment (DTE) to Data Communications Equipment (DCE), such as computers and routers to modems (gateways) or hubs (Ethernet Switches). The cross-over cables are used when connecting DTE to DTE, or DCE to DCE equipment; such as computer to computer, computer to router; or gateway to hub connections. The DTE equipment terminates the signal, while DCE equipment do not.

Conclusion After we make this lab, we have learn about UTP cable (Crossover). A Crossover cable is connects two devices of the same type. for example ( DTE-DTE or DCE-DCE ), usually connected asymmetrically ( DTE-DCE ). The crossing wires in a cable or in a connector adaptor a connecting two devices directly, output of one to input of the other, letting two terminal ( DTE ) devices communicate without an interconnecting hub knot, i.e. PCs. A crossover cable to connect similar devices, for example (hub to hub, workstation to workstation, switches or routers ( DCE ) together, possibly to work as one wider device.