GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.

1. SYNOPSIS

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

My

Project

topic

is

GEOGRAPHICAL

INFORMATION

SYSTEM.

Geographical Information System (GIS) or more commonly referred to as a Geospatial Information and System is a and system for capturing, attributes

storing,

analyzing

managing

data

associated

which are spatially referenced to the Earth. In strictest sense, it is a computer system capable of integrating, storing, editing, analyzing, sharing and displaying geographically referenced information. Also in other hand we say that a Geographic Information System is an integration of computer hardware and software which can create, manipulate, and analyze a geographically referenced data base to produce new outputs and tabular data. In a GIS, a relationship between the graphical data and the tabular data base is maintained so that changes to the output are reflected in the data base. It can manage large collections of natural resource and environmental data and the complex data sets needed for urban studies. Geographical Information System can also be used for scientific investigation, resource management, environmental impact

assessment, urban planning and route planning etc.

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

My project

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM has been created

with the help of two-master minded programming language JAVA and oracle. The former is being in the foreground and the latter in the background respectively. The background language is favorite of many programmers because it offers the more wanted structure query facilities. Oracle provides high securities at the database are stored in the logical area called db Engine. As db engine is created in the virtual memory and end user cannot access that

directly it. With these thought in mind Geographical Information System has been develop after brain storming the needs and

requirements of the GIS.

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

1. Capability:
a) Improved processing Speed: -The used number of functions Geographical Information and DLL to keep all

System

informations or records in the memory until the programmer is to be terminated which increase the inherent speed of the computer for processing data.

b)

Increased

volume:

Geographical

Information

System

Provides to process a greater amount of activities, to take advantage of new search, Because of data available in main memory all information are integrated and depends upon

memory, this volume of data may also be increased.

c)

Faster

retrieval

of

information:

Locating

and

retrieving information from storage, there is need to some complex searching. Geographical Information System is

designed as frontend JAVA and back-end oracle i.e. SQL which supports more and complex methods. are So faster by retrievals computer of very

information quickly.

searches

performed

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

2. Control: a)

Greater accuracy and consistency: Carrying out computing

steps including arithmetic, correctly and consistency because of JAVA fully the support math co-processor. So, accuracy and of all

retrieving

quarries

about

population,

area

mathematical type quarries are performed better. b) Better security: Safeguarding sensitive and important by

making it accessible only to authorized persons. There are three level securities, one is data level, second is user level and third is administrator level. 3. Graphic a)

user interface:

Enhanced communication: - The front-end of the project is

Java and designed in interactive graphical interface using windows type interface. So, The of information from the

application to another is easily possible. Such as imbedding and linking method of windows .It is possible to embed a part of whole document in any specific module from another

application. b) Integration: - As Geographical Information System built

in some MDZ and DLL support all information that take place in a single area of virtual memory to co-ordinate each other for quick processing of data in remote areas such as DBengine. 5

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

The

project

work

entitled

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM

has been developed in JAVA. and it is an Object Oriented System. So, Relational Data Base Management System (RDBMS) is used. Our project is delicately falls in Relational Database Management system (RDBMS) for environment; commercial RDBMS data. is one of in the the important world. The

environments

Processing

oracle enterprise version takes care of the following: 1) Updating the database 2) Retrieving information from the data base 3) Accepting query language statement 4) Enforcing security specification 5) Enforcing data integrity specification 6) Enforcing transaction consistency

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

7) Managing data sharing 8) Optimizing query 9) Managing system catalog

This system will be based on 2-tier architecture. Front-end will be JAVA, Back-end will be Oracle9i and business logic will be attached to the back-end as a constraints. In 2-Tier Architecture, interface will be attached with JAVA, database will store on the back-end in the tabular format and in this project it will be Oracle and the business logic will be attached with back-end that is Oracle as in a constraints. this projects The is concept that the behind using 2-Tier of the

Architecture

development

project is faster as well as if we need any modification in the project in that case it will be more easier to redevelop the

project in less time and the logic behind the 2-tier Architecture is that business logic should be attached with either front-end or back-end. If business logic is attached with front-end and not with 7

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

back-end and a need to modify front-end in that case only front-end will be affected. So, it will be easier to modify the project the project without affecting one end of the project. The project

category of developing project will be RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) because I am using JAVA as a front-end but for database storage/retrieval I am using Oracle which store/retrieve from table and there is a concept of normalization inside the table so to avoid the repeation of same data from the table.

RDBMS [Relational Database Management System]: A Relational data model was invented by E.F. Codd and is based on one simple concept i.e. Table. A RDBMS is a

computer program for managing table. It has three major parts Data that is presented as tables. Operators for manipulating tables. Integrity rules on tables.

BACK-END
As we know that the worlds longest selling are the DBMS product. Oracle work groups or enterprise server account major percentage of RDBMS engine sold worldwide. The natural programming language of this product is SQL/PLSQL the creation of user defined function procedure database trigger and other specific database processing 8

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

PLSQL

for

commercial

application

will

always

related

to

oracle

related to oracle engine. Oracle can run across different platforms. They can also transfer data from various hardware platforms without any conversions of programs. They thus satisfy the feature of having open architecture and distributed data management capability. This database have

industry standard SQL & Report writer which are 4GL tools. This not only facilitates faster development, but also enhances professional productivity. Oracle has a query optimizer. The main function of a query optimizer is to determine automatically the fastest method in

which

database

request

can

be

handled.

As

result

of

this

programmers and end users do no need any additional training to obtain good RDBMS performance. These databases have servers or data mangers, which minimize both memory and CPU resource utilization. This ensures high performance during transaction processing. Oracle has introduced a large number of new features such as

analysis queries, scalar sub-queries, joins, pivot insert statement and merger statement. Object oriented feature such as inheritance, Polymorphism, undo table space and various PLSQL packages. It

continues to provide the most secure application development and deployment platform in the industry. locating provides and the user key Exception handling Oracle also and

defined locking are fully supported. It concept such as primary key, unique key

foreign key. 9

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

FRONT-END
The need of now a days software development is competence in a web based application engine. front-end This gives to the which can connect the to relation to

database develop

programmer commercial

opportunity

client-server

based

application.

This

application gave user the power and ease of user of web based application with the multi-user capabilities of auto based RDBMS engine such as oracle.

From the own point of view, JAVA is one of Todays most popular software language development with strong is language. support to Java for create is a fully Object-Oriented engineering dynamic and

proper web

software with

techniques.

Java

used

pages

interactive content, develop large scale enterprises application, enhance the functionality of web servers and provide applications for consumer devices (e.g. cell phones, pagers and personal digital assistance) and for many other purposes. Java provides many

features which are described below: Simple :- Java was designed to be very simple and easy to learn. The syntax of Java has kept nearer to C++ so that the usage of Java does not require extensive training programes to be

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

undertaken. A programmer aware of the various Object-Oriented concepts can easily develop application in Java. Object-Oriented :- object oriented design is a technique that focuses design on the data and on the modularization develop them. Robust :- The multi-platform environment of the web places high demand on the reliability of the program to execute on a variety of systems. Thus, high priority has been given to create robust and highly reliable programs in the design of Java. It provides extensive compile-time checking followed by a second level of of the functionalities interfaces rather the or the tools used to

run-time

checking.

The

most

common

problems

in

programming

language are related to memory management and exception handling. Secure :- Java is designed to be used in network and distributed environment where security is of paramount importance. Java

supports the creation of applications that cannot be invaded from outside. On the other side, Java programs are executed in their own environment and do not go outside these boundaries unless they are authorized to do so. Interpreted :- Java bytecode is not directly executed by the system, because Java is interpreted. However, the speed is more than adequate for most interactive application.

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

Multithreaded :- Javas multithreading capability provides the mean to build The applications multithreading with many concurrent of Java threads has of

activity.

feature

various

sophisticated synchronization primitives. Moreover, Javas high level system libraries have been written to be thread safe, i.e., the functionality provided by the available without conflict to multiple concurrent threads of execution. Dynamic :While the Java compiler is strict in its static

checking during compile time, the language and run time systems are dynamic during linking and loading stages. Classes are linked only as needed. New code modules can be linked in on demand from a variety of sources, even from sources across the network in a large number.

MINIMUM HARDWARE REQUIRED

Intel (or equivalent) Pentium 500 MHZ processor or more

256 MB RAM 10 GB HARD DISK. One printer

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

MINIMUM SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT:

O/S WINDOWS XP. LANGUAGE SQL, PLSQL. FRONT END TOOLS-- JAVA BACK END TOOLSORACLE 8i

1. STATE_MASTER:FIELD NAME STATE _CODE STATE_NAME Capital_name Dec_date Governer_name Cm_name DATA INTEGRITY DATA TYPE WIDTH Varchar2 10 Varchar2 30 Varchar2 20 date Varchar2 30 Varchar2 30 CONSTRAINTS KEYS Primary Key

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

2. DISTRICT_MASTER:FIELD NAME STATE _CODE DISTRICT_CODE DISTRICT_NAME DECLARATION_DATE COVERED_AREA_ACRE NO_OF_MP NO_OF_MP DATA INTEGRITY DATA TYPE WIDTH Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 50 Date Number (8,2) Number (2) Number (2) CONSTRAINTS KEYS Foreign Key Primary Key

3. BLOCK_MASTER:FIELD NAME STATE _CODE DISTRICT_CODE BLOCK_CODE BLOCK_NAME DECLARATION_DATE COVERED_AREA_ACRE DATA INTEGRITY DATA TYPE WIDTH Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 Varchar2 50 Date Number (8,2) CONSTRAINTS KEYS Foreign Key Foreign Key Primary Key

4. PANCHAYAT_MASTER:FIELD NAME STATE _CODE DISTRICT_CODE BLOCK_CODE PANCHAYAT_CODE PANCHAYAT_NAME MUKHIYA_NAME DECLARATION_DATE COVERED_AREA_ACRE DATA INTEGRITY DATA TYPE WIDTH Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 50 Varchar2 50 Date Number (8,2) CONSTRAINTS KEYS Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Primary Key

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

5. VILLAGE_MASTETR:FIELD NAME STATE _CODE DISTRICT_CODE BLOCK_CODE PANCHAYAT_CODE VILLAGE_CODE VILLAGE_NAME NO_OF_GOVT_HOSP NO_OF_PRIVT_HOSP NO_OF_HIST_PLACE DECLARATION_DATE COVERED_AREA_ACRE DATA INTEGRITY DATA TYPE WIDTH Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 50 Number 5 Number 5 Number 5 Date Number 8,2 CONSTRAINTS KEYS Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Primary Key

6. POPULATION_MASTER:FIELD NAME STATE _CODE DISTRICT_CODE BLOCK_CODE PANCHAYAT_CODE VILLAGE_CODE MALE_POP FEMALE_POP CHILD_POP Employed_male Employed_female DATA INTEGRITY DATA TYPE WIDTH Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Number 10 Number 10 Number 10 number 5 number 5 CONSTRAINTS KEYS Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

7. LAND_MASTER:FIELD NAME STATE _CODE DISTRICT_CODE BLOCK_CODE PANCHAYAT_CODE VILLAGE_CODE AGRI_LAND FOREST_LAND NONAGRI_LAND PRODUCIBLE_CROP DATA INTEGRITY DATA TYPE WIDTH Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Number 10,2 Number 10,2 Number 10,2 Varchar2 20 CONSTRAINTS KEYS Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key

8. HUMAN_SETTLEMENT_MASTER:FIELD NAME STATE _CODE DISTRICT_CODE BLOCK_CODE PANCHAYAT_CODE VILLAGE_CODE URBAN_AREA RURAL_AREA URBAN_POP RURAL_POP DATA INTEGRITY DATA TYPE WIDTH Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Number 10,2 Number 10,2 Number 10,2 Number 10,2 CONSTRAINTS KEYS Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

9. ROADWAYS_MASTER:FIELD NAME STATE _CODE DISTRICT_CODE BLOCK_CODE VILLAGE_CODE SUPER_HWAYS_KM NATIONAL_HWAYS_KM STATE_HWAYS_KM DISTRICT_RWAYS_KM VILLAGE_RWAYS_KM BORDER_RWAYS_KM DATA INTEGRITY DATA TYPE WIDTH Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Number 10,2 Number 10,2 Number 10,2 Number 10,2 Number 10,2 Number 10,2 CONSTRAINTS KEYS Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key

10. RAILWAYS_MASTER:FIELD NAME STATE _CODE DISTRICT_CODE BLOCK_CODE VILLAGE_CODE BROAD_GAUGE_KM METER_GAUGE_KM NARROW_GAUGE_KM DATA INTEGRITY DATA TYPE WIDTH Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Number 10,2 Number 10,2 Number 10,2 CONSTRAINTS KEYS Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key

11. WATERWAYS_MASTER:17

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

FIELD NAME STATE _CODE DISTRICT_CODE RIVER_WWAYS_KM CANAL_WWAYS_KM SEA_WWAYS_KM

DATA INTEGRITY DATA TYPE WIDTH Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 NUMBER 10,2 Number 10,2 Number 10,2

CONSTRAINTS KEYS Foreign Key Foreign Key

12. WATER_RESOURCE_MASTER:FIELD NAME STATE _CODE DISTRICT_CODE BLOCK_CODE PANCHAYAT_CODE VILLAGE_CODE GOVT_CANAL PRIV_CANAL GOVT_POND PRIV_POND GOVT_TUBEWELL PRIV_TUBEWELL GOVT_DEEPWELL DATA INTEGRITY DATA TYPE WIDTH Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 2 Varchar2 2 Varchar2 2 Varchar2 2 Varchar2 2 Varchar2 2 Varchar2 2 CONSTRAINTS KEYS Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

PRIV_DEEPWELL CANAL_AREA POND_AREA TUBEWELL_AREA DEEPWELL_AREA USABLE_CANAL USABLE_POND USABLE_DEEPWELL USABLE_ TUBEWELL

Varchar2 Number Number Number Number Number Number Number Number

2 10,2 10,2 10,2 10,2 10 10 10 10

13. MINERAL_RESOURCE_MASTER:FIELD NAME STATE _CODE DISTRICT_CODE VILLAGE_CODE MINERAL_CODE MINERAL_NAME PRODUCTION_QNT DATA INTEGRITY DATA TYPE WIDTH Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 50 Number 10,2 CONSTRAINTS KEYS Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Primary Key

14. TRADE_MASTER:FIELD NAME STATE _CODE DISTRICT_CODE VILLAGE_CODE PRODUCT_CODE PRODUCT_NAME EXPORT_PERCENT IMPORT_PERCENT DATA INTEGRITY DATA TYPE WIDTH Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 50 Varchar2 10 Varchar2 10 CONSTRAINTS KEYS Foreign Key Foreign Key Foreign Key Primary Key

15. MISCELLANEOUS_INFORMATION:FIELD NAME DATA INTEGRITY DATA TYPE WIDTH CONSTRAINTS KEYS 19

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

STATE _CODE DISTRICT_CODE BLOCK_CODE PANCHAYAT_CODE VILLAGE_CODE NEAREST_HWAY NEAREST_RAIL NEAREST_AIRPORT NEAREST_GOVT_HOSP NEAREST_PRIV_HOSP NEAREST_PS NEAREST_PO

Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2

10 10 10 10 10 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

Foreign Foreign Foreign Foreign Foreign

Key Key Key Key Key

1)

STATE_MASTER:is a module where information about states name

STATE_MASTER

related with states code. As well as consist of all attribute as state_code & state_name.

2)

DISTRICT_MASTER:20

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

DISTRICT_MASTER is a module where information about district name, district code, declaration date of district, number of MLAs, etc., of district is maintained. Attributes are STATE _CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, DISTRICT_NAME,

DECLARATION_DATE, COVERED_AREA_ACRE, NO_OF_MP and NO_OF_MP.

3) BLOCK_MASTER:BLOCK_MASTER is also an important module which stores the

information of block as block code, block name, declaration date of block, etc is maintained. Attributes are STATE _CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE, BLOCK_NAME, DECLARATION_DATE and COVERED_AREA_ACRE.

4)

PANCHAYAT_MASTER:-

PANCHAYAT_MASTER is the procedure where information about panchayat status are maintained in the form of panchayat code, name of

panchayat, declaration date of panchayat, mukhiyas name etc. Attributes are STATE _CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE,

PANCHAYAT_CODE, PANCHAYAT_NAME, MUKHIYA_NAME, DECLARATION_DATE and COVERED_AREA_ACRE.

5)

VILLAGE_MASTER:21

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

VILLAGE_MASTER

is

the

most

important

module

under

which

the

detailed information about villages are maintained as village code, village name, declaration date of village, covered area by

village(in acre), number of government hospitals, number of private hospitals and Attributes number of historical places. are STATE _CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE,

PANCHAYAT_CODE, NO_OF_PRIVT_HOSP, COVERED_AREA_ACRE.

VILLAGE_CODE,

VILLAGE_NAME,

NO_OF_GOVT_HOSP, and

NO_OF_HIST_PLACE,

DECLARATION_DATE

6)

WATER_RESOURCE_MASTER:is an water important resources module having which keeps as

WATER_RESOURCE_MASTER information about

various

attributes

number of government canal, number of government pond, number of government deep well, number of government tube well, number of private canal, number of private pond, number of private deep well, number of private tube well, canal depth_width_length, pond

depth_width_length, canal covered area, pond covered area, usable canal and usable pond etc. 22

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

Attributes

are

STATE

_CODE,

DISTRICT_CODE,

BLOCK_CODE,

PANCHAYAT_CODE, VILLAGE_CODE, CANAL_CODE, POND_CODE, DEEPWELL_CODE, TUBEWELL_CODE, GOVT_TUBEWELL, GOVT_CANAL, PRIV_CANAL, GOVT_POND, PRIV_POND,

PRIV_TUBEWELL,

GOVT_DEEPWELL,

PRIV_DEEPWELL,

CANAL_D_W_L, POND_D_W_L, CANAL_AREA_KM, POND_AREA_KM, USABLE_CANAL, USABLE_POND, USABLE_DEEPWELL and USABLE_ TUBEWELL.

7)

MINERAL_RESOURCE_MASTER:is also an important module which keeps

MINERAL_RESOURCE_MASTER

information of mineral resources having attributes as mineral name, mineral code and production in ton. Attributes are STATE _CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, VILLAGE_CODE,

MINERAL_CODE, MINERAL_NAME and PRODUCTION_QNT.

8)

TRADE_MASTER:is another module which keeps information about

TRADE_MASTER

various trades with attributes as material code, material name, export details and import details. Attributes are STATE _CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, VILLAGE_CODE,

PRODUCT_CODE, PRODUCT_NAME, EXPORT_PERCENT and IMPORT_PERCENT.

9)

POPULATION_MASTER:-

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

POPULATION_MASTER population female term

module having

provides some

the

all

information of male

about

the

having

details

population, yearly and

population,

child

population,

population urban

density,

population

increment,

employed

population,

population

rural population. Attributes are STATE _CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, FEMALE_POP, BLOCK_CODE, CHILD_POP,

PANCHAYAT_CODE,

VILLAGE_CODE,

MALE_POP,

POP_DENSITY, YR_POP_INCREMENT and EMPLOYED_POP.

10) HUMAN_SETTLEMENT_MASTER:HUMAN_SETTLEMENT_MASTER module provides the complete information

about the settlement of humans keeping all attributes as covered urban area, covered rural area, urban population and rural

population. Attributes are STATE _CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE,

PANCHAYAT_CODE, VILLAGE_CODE, URBAN_AREA, RURAL_AREA, URBAN_POP and RURAL_POP. 24

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

11)

ROADWAYS_MASTER:-

ROADWAYS_MASTER module provides all the detail of roadways showing details of length km), of super highways(in km), length of national of state of highways(in village km), length km), of and

highways(in district

length km),

roadway(in

length

roadway(in

length of border roads. Attributes VILLAGE_CODE, are STATE _CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE,

SUPER_HWAYS_KM,

NATIONAL_HWAYS_KM,

STATE_HWAYS_KM,

DISTRICT_RWAYS_KM, VILLAGE_RWAYS_KM and BORDER_RWAYS_KM.

12) RAILWAYS_MASTER:
RAILWAYS_MASTER is a module provides the detailed record of

spreaded rail ways. It provide the detailed of broad gauge railways (in km), meter gauge railways (in km) and narrow gauge railways (in km). Attributes are STATE _CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE,

VILLAGE_CODE, BROAD_GAUGE_KM, METER_GAUGE_KM and NARROW_GAUGE_KM.

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13)

WATERWAYS_MASTER:is a

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

WATERWAYS_MASTER

procedure

which

maintains

the

water

ways

information. It provides the detail of following attributes i.e. river ways (in km), canal ways (in km), national water ways (in km) and sea ways (in km). Attributes are STATE _CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, RIVER_WWAYS_KM,

CANAL_WWAYS_KM, NATIONAL_WWAYS_KM and SEA_WWAYS_KM.

14)

LAND_MASTER:module provides such the information land, about forest land status non

LAND_MASTER having

attributes

agricultural

land,

agricultural land, barren land and producible crops. Attributes are STATE _CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE,

PANCHAYAT_CODE, VILLAGE_CODE, AGRI_LAND, FOREST_LAND, NONAGRI_LAND, BARREN_LAND and PRODUCIBLE_CROP.

15) MISCELLANEOUS_INFORMATION:MISCELLANEOUS_INFORMATION module is optional module, which is used for the user if required. If the user wants the miscellaneous

detail facilities then it can manages the facilities. Under this module railway there are informations nearest about nearest hospital, highway, nearest nearest private

station,

government

hospital and nearest air port can be obtained.

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

Attributes

are

STATE

_CODE,

DISTRICT_CODE,

BLOCK_CODE,

PANCHAYAT_CODE,

VILLAGE_CODE,

NEAREST_HWAY,

NEAREST_RSTATION,

NEAREST_GOVT_HOSP, NEAREST_PRIV_HOSP and NEAREST_AIRPORT.

Report generation system retrieves following outputs/reports are viewed to the user. There are many types of geographical reports such as state report, district report, block report, panchayat

report, village report, population report, land utilization report, settlement report, roadways/railways/waterways report, resources

report and trading report that can be achieved state wise, district 27

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

wise , block wise, panchayat wise and village wise. I am listing down approx all possible outputs/reports that can be generated by my project: STATE_WISE DISTRICT REPORTS STATE WISE BLOCK REPORTS STATE WISE PANCHAYAT REPORTS STATE WISE VILLAGE REPORTS DISTRICT WISE BLOCK REPORTS DISTRICT WISE PANCHAYAT REPORTS DISTRICT WISE VILLAGE REPORTS BLOCK WISE PANCHAYAT REPORTS BLOCK WISE VILLAGE REPORTS PANCHAYAT WISE VILLAGE REPORTS STATE_WISE POPULATION REPORTS DISTRICT_WISE POPULATION REPORTS VILLAGE_WISE POPULATION REPORTS STATE_WISE LAND REPORTS

DISTRICT_WISE LAND REPORTS BLOCK_WISE LAND REPORTS VILLAGE WISE LAND REPORTS STATE_WISE HUMAN SETTLEMENT REPORTS DISTRICT_WISE HUMAN SETTLEMENT REPORTS VILLAGE_WISE HUMAN SETTLEMENT REPORTS STATE_WISE ROAD WAYS REPORTS DISTRICT_WISE ROAD WAYS REPORTS

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

VILLAGE WISE ROAD WAYS REPORTS STATE_WISE RAIL WAYS REPORTS DISTRICT_WISE RAIL WAYS REPORTS STATE_WISE RIVER WAYS REPORTS DISTRICT_WISE RIVER WAYS REPORTS STATE_WISE CANAL WAYS REPORTS DISTRICT_WISE CANAL WAYS REPORTS STATE_WISE NATIONAL WATER WAYS REPORTS STATE_WISE SEA WAYS REPORTS STATE_WISE CANALS REPORTS DISTRICT_WISE CANALS REPORTS VILLAGE WISE CANALS REPORTS STATE_WISE PONDS REPORTS DISTRICT_WISE PONDS REPORTS VILLAGE_WISE PONDS REPORTS STATE_WISE DEEP/TUBE WELLS REPORTS DISTRICT_WISE DEEP/TUBE WELLS REPORTS VILLAGE_WISE DEEP/TUBE WELLS REPORTS

STATE_WISE MINERAL RESOURCES REPORTS DISTRICT_WISE MINERAL RESOURCES REPORTS STATE_WISE IMPORTED PRODUCTS REPORTS DISTRICT_WISE IMPORTED PRODUCTS REPORTS STATE_WISE EXORTED PRODUCTS REPORTS DISTRICT_WISE EXPORTED PRODUCTS REPORTS

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

So we can say finally these are consists of the following modules. 1)

2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 15) STATE_MASTER DISTRICT_MASTER BLOCK_MASTER PANCHAYAT_MASTER VILLAGE_MASTER POPULATION_MASTER LAND_MASTER HUMAN_SETTLEMENT_MASTER ROADWAYS_MASTER RAILWAYS_MASTER WATERWAYS_MASTER WATER_RESOURCE_MASTER MINERAL_RESOURCE_MASTER TRADE_MASTER MISCELLANEOUS_INFORMATION

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

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GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

The process logic of any software is the most important part to development of the software through which the programmer can design and identified the whole process of the software and which 35

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

of

the

module

does

what

type

of

work.

In

my

project,

titled

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM, has holds several modules which are as follows

1.

STATE_MASTER:This module provides the detail of each State store in a table known as STATE_MASTER consist of following attribute

State_code, State_name. The work done by this module is as store, retrieve, edit, and delete the records from the State_master data base with

the help of following links:

Add Module: to add new data to State_master. Edit Module: to edit the existing data of states information. Delete Module: to delete an existing States

information. Primary key STATE_CODE.

2.

DISTRICT_MASTER:District_master is a table, which is associated with the

State_master in order to keep the detail information of the districts in case the information to be retrieved district wise. The table District_master directly linked with 36

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

State_master maintained.

where

current

information

of

districts

is

The work done by this module is as store, retrieve, edit, and delete the records from the District_master data base

with the help of following links: Add Module: to add new data to District_master. Edit Module: to edit the existing data of Districts. Delete Module: to delete an existing Districts

information. Primary key DISTRICT_CODE. Foreign key STATE-CODE.

3.

BLOCK_MASTER:Block_master State_master, information is a table, which in is order the associated to keep with the the

District_master the Blocks in

detail to be

of

case

information

retrieved block wise. The table Block_master directly linked 37

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

with

State_master

and

District_master

where

current

information of blocks are maintained. The work done by this module is as store, retrieve, edit, and delete the records from the Block_master data base with the help of following links: Add Module: to add new data to Block_master. Edit Module: to edit the existing data of Blocks. Delete Module: to delete an existing Blocks information. Primary key BLOCK_CODE. Foreign key STATE_CODE, DISTRICT_CODE.

4.

PANCHAYAT_MASTER:Panchayat_master State_master, is a table, which and is associated in with order the to

District_master

Block_master

keep the detail information of the panchayats in case the information to be retrieved directly panchayat linked wise. The table

Panchayat_master

with

State_master, 38

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

District_master and Block_master where current information of panchayats are maintained. The work done by this module is as store, retrieve, edit, and delete the records from the Panchayat_master data base

with the help of following links: Add Module: to add new data to Panchayat_master. Edit Module: to edit the existing data of Panchayats. Delete Module: to delete an existing Panchayats

information. Primary key PANCHAYAT_CODE Foreign key STATE_CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE.

5.

VILLAGE_MASTETR:Village_master State_master, is a table, which is associated Block_master with the and

District_master,

Panchayat_master in order to keep the detail information of the villages in case the information to be retrieved village wise. The table Village_master linked with State_master, 39

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

District_master,

Block_master

and

Panchayat_master

where

current information of villages are maintained. The work done by this module is as store, retrieve, edit, and delete the records from the Village_master data base

with the help of following links: Add Module: to add new data to Village_master. Edit Module: to edit the existing data of Villages. Delete Module: to delete an existing Villages

information.

Primary key VILLAGE_CODE. Foreign key STATE_CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE,

PANCHAYAT_CODE.

6.

POPULATION_MASTER:Population_master is a table, which is associated with the State_master, District_master and Village_master in order to keep the detail information of the population such as male population, female population, etc, in case the population information to be retrieved state, district and village wise. 40

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

The

table

population_master Village_master

linked and

directly indirectly

with with

District_master,

State_master where current information of population of male, female, child, etc., are maintained. The work done by this module is as store, retrieve, edit, and delete the records from the Population_master data base

with the help of following links: Add Module: To add new data to Population_master. Edit Module: To edit the existing data of

Population_master. Delete Module: To delete existing population information from

Population_master. Foreign key STATE_CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE,

PANCHAYAT_CODE.

7.

LAND_MASTER:Land_master is a table, which is associated with the

State_master, District_master, Block_master and Village_master in order to keep the detail information of the lands type, covering area, etc., in case the information to be retrieved state, district, block and village wise. The table 41

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

Village_master Block_master and

directly

linked

with

District_master,

Village_master and indirectly with State_master where current information about lands is maintained. The work done by this module is as store, retrieve, edit, and delete the records from the Land_master database with the help of following links: Add Module: to add new data to Land_master. Edit Module: to edit the existing data of lands. Delete Module: to delete existing lands information. Foreign key STATE_CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE,

PANCHAYAT_CODE.

8.

HUMAN_SETTLEMENT_MASTER:Human_settlement_master is a table, which is associated with the State_master, District_master and Village_master in order to keep the detail information of the human settlement

covering area i.e., urban area, rural area etc., in case the information to be retrieved state and district wise. The 42

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

table

Human_settlement_master and where

directly and

linked indirectly about

with with

District_master State_master

Village_master current

information

humans

settlement is maintained. The work done by this module is as store, retrieve, edit, and delete the records from the Human_settlement_master

database with the help of following links: Add Module: to add new data to

Human_settlement_master. Edit Module: to edit the existing data of Human

settlement. Delete Module: to delete existing Human settlement

information. Foreign key STATE_CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE,

PANCHAYAT_CODE.

9.

ROADWAYS_MASTER:Roadways_master is a table, which is associated with the

State_master, District_master and Village_master in order to keep the detail information about various roads with in and 43

covering area i.e., national roads, super highways, etc., case the information to be retrieved state, district

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

village

wise. The table Roadways_master directly linked with District_master and Village_master where

State_master,

current information about various roads is maintained. The work done by this module is as store, retrieve, edit, and delete the records from the Roadways_master database

with the help of following links: Add Module: to add new data to Roadways_master. Edit Module: to edit the existing data of roads. Delete Module: to delete existing roadways information. Foreign key STATE_CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE,

PANCHAYAT_CODE.

10. RAILWAYS_MASTER:Railways_master is a table, which is associated with the

State_master and District_master in order to keep the detail information about various railways with covering area and

length in case the information to be retrieved state, district wise. The table Railways_master directly linked with

44

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

State_master

and

District_master

current

information

about

various railways are maintained. The work done by this module is as store, retrieve, edit, and delete the records from the Railways_master database

with the help of following links: Add Module: to add new data to Railways_master.

Edit

Module:

to

edit

the

existing

data

of

Railways_master. Delete Module: to delete existing railways information. Foreign key STATE_CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE, PANCHAYAT_CODE.

11. WATERWAYS_MASTER:Waterways_master is a table, which is associated

with the State_master, District_master and Village_master in order to keep the detail information about various waterways with covering area and length such as river ways, canal ways, etc., in case the information to be retrieved state, district and village wise. The table Waterways_master directly linked 45

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

with

State_master,

District_master

and

Village_master

where

current information about various waterways are maintained. The work done by this module is as store, retrieve, edit, and delete the records from the Waterways_master database

with the help of following links: Add Module: to add new data to Waterways_master. Edit Module: to edit the existing data of

Waterwways_master. Delete Module: to delete existing waterways information. Foreign key STATE_CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE,

PANCHAYAT_CODE.

12. WATER_RESOURCE_MASTER:Water_resource_master is a table, which is associated with the State_master, District_master and Village_master in order to keep the detail information about various water resources such as canals, ponds, rivers, sea, deep wells, tube wells, etc., with covering area and length,

in case the information of water resources to be retrieved state, district and village wise. The table 46

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

Water_resource_master

linked

with

State_master,

District_master and Village_master where current information about various water resources is maintained. The work done by this module is as store, retrieve, edit, and delete the records from the Water_resource_master database with the help of following links: Add Module: to add new data to Water_resource_master. Edit Module: to edit the existing data of

Water_resource_master. Delete Module: to delete existing water resources

information. Primary key CANAL_CODE. Composite key POND_CODE, DEEPWELL_CODE, TUBEWELL_CODE. Foreign key STATE_CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE,

PANCHAYAT_CODE.

13. MINERAL_RESOURCE_MASTER:Mineral_resource_master is a table, which is associated with the State_master and District_master in order to keep the detail information about various mineral resources such as iron, steel, copper, etc., in case the information of mineral resources to be retrieved state and district wise. The table Mineral_resource_master District_master where linked current with State_master about and

information

various

mineral resources is maintained. 47

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

The work done by this module is as store, retrieve, edit, and delete the database records with from the help the of

Mineral_resource_master following links: Add Module:

to

add

new

data

to

Mineral_resource_master. Edit Module: to edit the existing data of

Mineral_resource_master. Delete Module: to delete existing mineral resources

information.

Primary key MINERAL_CODE. Foreign key STATE_CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE,

PANCHAYAT_CODE.

14. TRADE_MASTER:Trade_master is a table, which is associated with the

State_master and District_master in order to keep the detail information about various products to be exported or imported such as crops, fruits, sugar, etc., in case the information about products to be exported or imported, to be retrieved state and district wise. The table Trade_master linked with State_master and District_master where current information

about various imported and exported products is maintained. 48

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

The work done by this module is as store, retrieve, edit, and delete the records from the Trade_master database with the help of following links: Add Module: to add new data to Trade_master. Edit Module: to edit the existing data of

Trade_master. Delete Module: to delete existing product information. Primary key PRODUCT_CODE. Foreign key STATE_CODE, DISTRICT_CODE, BLOCK_CODE,

PANCHAYAT_CODE.

15. MISCELLANEOUS_INFORMATION:Miscellaneous_information module is optional module, which is used for the user detail if required. If the it user can wants manages the the

miscellaneous

facilities

then

facilities. Under this module there are informations about nearest highway, nearest railway station, nearest government hospital, nearest private hospital and nearest air port can be considered.

49

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

Foreign

key

STATE_CODE,

DISTRICT_CODE,

BLOCK_CODE,

PANCHAYAT_CODE.

In the project we are using oracle RDBMS as our backend and JAVA as our front-end. The realm of oracle security is very broad and It is needless to say that we cant deal each and every Security features of oracle here!

50

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

Nevertheless

we

can

roughly make a distinction of the security

features which is provided by oracle co. And can be applied in the project: Internal database security Application security External database security

Internal database security:

There are several steps to implement internal security. Some of them to implement on database level are: A. Create user account and distribute appropriate privilege as needed to people. B. C. Establish and protect the dba privileged account and password. Ensure that all user accounts are password protected. approve people by authority of approved

D.

When

appropriate,

use

oracles

auditing

facilities

to

monitor table/user activities. E. Write down own set of auditing procedures if

oracles are not granular enough. F. Develop, document and maintain change control procedures to prevent unauthorized changes to database objects.

51

Application security:

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

One of the most common security problem areas is the application code that the developers and third party vendors write. Poor

programming invariably lead to inadvertent security Holes. In these one of the most common is: Buffer overflow which let the hackers to damage the system and easily several preference creep into the system to over come this problem has got among the or

technique .to

virtual

private

database

overcome

such type of problem this mechanism

another may be applied in this project. In addition, to prevent user from accessing unauthorized data virtual private database

mechanism may be applied. Data in invalid format it is a common area where developers always make a mistake in the project. Major consideration will be paid on this section.

External database security:

Since the project is not network based project, the Features of oracles external database security are not much relevant. So this section is not applicable to our Project i.e. we will not work on these features. So we can say that by using oracles various security

features we can ensure the security of our application to a greater extent. By doing so, not only we can keep secure our 52

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

database

from

unauthorized

access

but

also

ensure

the

reliability of the software against frequent failure.

This project dedicated to solve the internal restriction of the databases as per security reasons. The key concepts of primary key, foreign key, null values are frequently used in this project. Due to integrity constraint this project suitable to unknown person because of online helps system provided by the oracle through the valuable constant. 53

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

This project has been prepared to Maintain an up-to-date planning and environmental inventory for evaluation of development proposals keeping in mind the standard data of Geographical Information

System.This project (Geographical Information System) is versatile and flexible project and can be easily modified to suit the

requirements in future. The project has been designed in such a way 54

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (G.I.S.)

that

hierarchy

modification

additional

capabilities

can

be

effected at any level. The dynamic screen of the project can also be modified easily to meet the specific requirement

55