The universe and the solar system

OLD AND NEW IDEAS

GEOCENTRIC THEORY:

Ancient Greece: The Earth is at the center of the Universe; the planets and stars revolve around it. Galileo refuted this theory with the invention of the telescope.

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OLD AND NEW IDEAS

HELIOCENTRIC THEORY:
Copenicus: The Sun is in the center of the universe; the Earth, planets and stars revolve around it. Galileo demonstrated this theory with the invention of the telescope.

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The universe and the solar system

TODAY we know that neither of these theories are correct, the Sun is a small star that is one of the many galaxies in the Universe. There is no place that can be considered the center of the Universe.
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Components
The Universe consists of galaxies, where there are stars that have planetary systems are formed by planets and satellites.
Clusters of galaxies: Formation of clusters of galaxies.

Galaxies: Formed by millions of stars. Among the stars are nebulous.

Stars: mass of incandescet gas. Some have planetary systems formed by planets, satellites, asteroids and comets.

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Components

Our planetary system is the Solar System:

Our star is the Sun Our planet, Earth Our satellite, Moon

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ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE

The most accepted theory ir the Big Bang or big explosion. It is believed that about fifteen billion years ago, all the universes mass was concentrated and exploted. Since then it does not stops expanding.

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Units of measurement

Astronomical Unit: Distance from Earth

to the Sun; about 150 million Kilometers (1,5 108 km)

Light year: The distance light travels in one year; about 9,5 billion kilometers (9,5 1012 Km)

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SOLAR SYSTEM

It is the Suns planetary system formed 5,000 million years ago. This includes: Sun Planets o Internal o External, and o Dwarfs Satellites Small bodies: o Asteroids Asteroid Belt Kuiper Belt, and o Comets

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The universe and the solar system

The solar systems consists of:

The Sun is a medium sized star located in the Milky Way.

Planets: o Internal: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars. Are rocky. Closer to the sun. o External: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Are gaseous. o Dwarfs as Pluto.

Satellites, which revolve around the planets and dwarf planets.

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Small bodies:

Asteroids: Small rocky bodies that orbit the Sun. Form two belts:
o

Asteroid Belt: Between the orbits of Mars and

Jupiter. Kuiper Belt: Beyond the orbit of Neptune.
o

Comets: Are masses of ice and rocks located beyond Pluto.

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The universe and the solar system

To learn more
(Follow the links to explore the topic through internet)

The Universe Galileo

(wikipedia)

(video)

Copernicus Big Bang

(wikipedia)

(video)

The Solar System

(pictures)

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Vocational and professional guidance
(for an integrated curriculum)

Astronomy: Juan Conejero Gil

Astronaut: Pedro Duque

Astrophysics: Canary Island Astrophysics Institute

Scientist: Stephen Hawking

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