Living beings

Common characteristics of living beings

Are born and die.

Similar chemical composition that is organic matter.

Make three vital functions:

nutrition Relationships and reproduction

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Living beings
Function of Nutrition Processes by which living beings obtain energy and substances to live. Are two types of living beings in relation to type of nutrition:

Autotrophic (photosynthesis) and Heterotrophic

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Living beings
Function of Relationship Processes by which living beings relate to each other and with the environment in which they live (growing plant / animal to escape a predator). The function of relationship links the living with environment. With this function the human being is integrated into their environment from which it obtains information through receptors
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Living beings
Function of Relationship
Processes by which living beings are able to originate new individuals. Are two types of reproduction:

asexual and sexual (gamete and zygote).

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Living beings
The chemical composition of living beings
Are formed by substances (molecules) of two types:
o

Inorganic:

o Water y (65% of adult weight) o Mineral salts (formed structures, regulate functions)

Organic:
o o o o

Carbohydrates (for energy) Lipids (energy reserve) Protein (multiple functions) Nucleic acids (genetic information)
Substances varied, some are lipids and other proteins. Should be ingested in

Vitamins:
the diet.

Majority elements of organic substances: CARBON (C), HYDROGEN (H), OXYGEN (O) y NITROGEN (N).

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Cell Cells are the smallest units equipped with their own life. They are structural and functional units of all things.
All

living beings are composed of one or more cells. The cell is the smallest unit of life itself endowed with the capacity to feed, socialize and reproduce. All cells come from other cells by division. All cells are formed by: Plasma membrane: Wrap the cell. Cytoplasm: Internal content. It organelles (mitochondria, chloroplasts, etc,) Genetic material: Control of cellular functions.
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Are several types of cells:

Prokaryotes: Withouth core. Eucariotas: With core. Animals other than vegetables.

According to the number of cells, organisms can be: Unicellular. Formed by a single cell. Multicellular. Made up of many specialized cells in different levels of organization:

Tissues (epithelial, skin) Organs (heart, stomach) Systems (nervous) Devices (locomotor)

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Classification of living beings
Living beings are classified in taxonomic categories:

Kingdoms Types
Classes
Orders
Families Genus Species

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Living beings
Are five kingdoms:
1.

Monera: Unicellular, prokaryotes and heterotrophic or autotrophic nutrition. Protoctista: Unicellular or multicellular, eukaryotic, without tissue and heterotrophic nutrition. Fungi: Unicellular or multicellular, eukaryotic, without tissue and heterotrophic nutrition.

2.

3.

4.

Plants: Multicellular, eukaryotes, with tissue and autotrophic nutrition.

Animals: Multicellular eukaryotes, with and heterotrophic nutrition.
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5.

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The species

A species is a group of similar individuals that can interbreed and give rise to fertile descendants. Are designated for species names:

Common: Wolf

Scientists: Canis Lupus (binomial nomenclature,

the first match the gender, both the species)

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BIODIVERSITY

Biodiversity is called the variety of life forms that live or have lived on Earth. The existing biodiversity is the result of a slow process called evolution. Scientists think there may be 30 million different species but only 2 million have been classified. Biodiversity is not distributed equally throughout the world. Spain is the European country with high biodiversity value. We have many endemic species (unique in the world).

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To learn more
(Follow the links to explore the topic through internet)

Living beings

(video)

Sensory receptor

(wikipedia)

Classification of beings lived

(video)

Biodiversity
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(pictures)

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Living beings
Vocational and professional guidance
(for an integrated curriculum)

Biology: Career information

Ethology: Video about Jane Goodall Instrument: Using a Microscope WWF: Adena WWF - Spain

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