Fungus and Plants

The kingdom of fungus

They live in terrestrial, in humid places and dark.
Uni o multicellular (tissue Eukaryotic cells. Heterotrophic Nutrition:

without specialization)

Saprophytes, or Parasites Bodies formed by hyphae (mycelium). Are reproduce by spores. Are classified into three types: Yeast: Unicellulars. Some are parasitic, but others are very important in human nutrition: bread, beer, and wine. Molds: multicellulars. Parasites and saprophytes. Mushrooms: multicellulars. Saprophytes. Some are edible and other poisonous.

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The kingdom of plants

They are multicellular, eukaryotic, autotrophic function and unable to displacement but can make movements.

Multicellular Eukaryotic Autotrophic Fixed to the substrate

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Clasification of plants
Plants without flowers: Mosses and liverworts: without conducting vessels Ferns: with conducting vessels Plants with flowers: Gymnosperms: seed free Angiosperms: seed enclosed in fruit

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Plants without flowers Mosses and liverworts:
Small size (cms) Humid and dark places Without conducting vessels Without root (rhizoid), stem (cauloide) and leaves (phyllodes) true

Ferns:
Larger than the mosses Humid and dark places With conducting vessels With root, stem (rhizome) and leaves (fronds) Spores in the soros

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Plants with flowers

Gymnosperms: pine, fir, cedar Evergreen (always have leaves) Seeds without protection Small flowers and not showy Each individual possesses male and female flowers

Angiosperms: olive, holm oak, wheat Species of very different sizes Live in all environments Deciduous (lose their leaves in winter) Seeds enclosed in fruit Hermaphrodite flowers in bright colors

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The leaves, stem and root

Leaves: Green and laminated It made photosynthesis, gas exchange and transpiration Limbo (haz and envs stoma-) and petiole

Stem: Aerial part of the plant It keeps the plant upringht, serves as a support and transport the sap Root: Underground part of the plant Set the plant absorbs water and salts Usually branched structure (absorbent hairs)
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Fungus and Plants

La nutricin de las plantas
Autotrophic nutrition (produced organic matter from which it obtains energy and build their own structure) In the food processing involved the whole individual, through the following phases: Absorption: the roots absorb water and salts : brute sap Transport: ascends the conducting vessels The evaporation of the excess of the water favors the rise of brute sap to the leaves. Photosynthesis: transforming the inorganic matter into organic (Sun + chlorophyll + carbon dioxide = carbohydrates + oxygen) Elaborated sap is distributed throughout the plant. Breathing: In the mitochondria of plant cells burned carbohydrates with oxygen, releasing the energy necessary for life, expelling carbon dioxide and water vapor.

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The function of relation

The responses to the enviromment of plants can be of two types: Temporary: the plant recovers its position when the stimulus stops. For example: sunflower.

Definitive: based on growth. The stem grows to the light, the root to the ground.

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The fuction of reproduction

Can be of two forms:

Asexual: a fragment of an individual generates a new plant. For example: geranium.

Sexual: two gametes join to form a new plant with the characteristics of both plants.

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The fuction of reproduction

Inside the florwer form the gametes and fertilization occurs. Parts of a flower:
Peduncle: joins the stem. Calyx: the sepals protect the flower. Corolla: petals, leaves of colors. Stamens: in the anther is the pollen (male gametes). Pistil: female reproductive organ (ovary and ovules = female gametes).

Pollination: transfer of pollen grain from the anther of a flower to the stigma of another (wind and animals).

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The fuction of reproduction

Inside the florwer form the gametes and fertilization occurs, that is the union of two gametes.
The fertilized ovule becomes the seed that contains the embryo of the future plant and food reserves.

The ovary begins to grow and form the fruit, which protects the seed, facilitates the dispersion and serves as a nutrient for the plant to germinate.

Other elements of the flowers dry up and fall.

Stages of plant reproduction: pollination, fertilization, seed formation and fruit dispersion and germination.
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To learn more
(Follow the links to explore the topic through internet)

The Plants

(video)

Parts of a plant

(video)

The photosynthesis

(video)

The fungus kingdom

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Fungus and Plants

Vocational and professional guidance
(for an integrated curriculum)

Biography: Gregor Mendel Science: Botany Mountains: Journal of the forestry sector ONG: AIFBN

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