Definition of Virus:

A virus is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of organisms (Koonin et al, 2006).

The following definition of virus species was accepted in 1991 by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses: A virus species is a polythetic class of viruses that constitutes a replicating lineage and occupies a particular ecological niche.

Virus is ultramicroscopic, virulent organism composed of a nucleoprotein core and a protein shell, which causes certain plant or animal disease (Noland, George B. 1983)

Virus, an infectious agent of small size and simple composition that can multiply only in living cells of animals, plants, or bacteria (Krug, 2011).

A virus is an infectious agent that occupies a place near the boundary between the living and the nonliving. It is a particle much smaller than a bacterial cell, consisting of a small genome of either DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat. Viruses enter host cells and hijack the enzymes and materials of the host cells to make more copies of themselves. Viruses cause a wide variety of diseases in plants and animals, including AIDS, measles, smallpox, and polio (Graham B, 2011).

Virus is Simply stated, viruses are merely genetic information surrounded by a protein coat. They may contain external structures and a membrane. Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites--meaning that they require host cells to reproduce (Anonim, 2004).

Viruses is extremely small and simple life-forms, made merely of a protein shell and a genome. A virus reproduces by inserting its genome into the cells of other life-forms. As those cells duplicate, so does the virus (Farabee, 1999).

Virus is infectious chemical agent composed of a nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) inside a protein coat (Wooldridge, 1999).

Virus is a very small organism that can multiply only within living cells of other organisms and is capable of producing disease symptoms in some plants and animals (Statewide IPM Program, 2003).

Virus An infectious particle composed of a protein capsule and a nucleic acid core, which is dependent on a host organism for replication. A double-stranded DNA copy of an RNA virus genome that is integrated into the host chromosome during lysogenic infection. (See Coat protein, DNA, Genome, Host, Nucleic acid, RNA, Tumor virus) (Hagedorn, 2011).

Virus an ultra-microscopic (one dimension less than 200 m) organism. Viruses cannot reproduce alone but must first infect a living cell and usurp its synthetic and reproductive facilities. Responsible for some diseases in plants and animals (Pecan, 2011)

Virus is the smallest organism known, ranging in size from about 0.025-0.25 um. Viruses infect cells of bacteria, plants , and animals, and while they carry out no metabolism themselves, they are able to control the metabolism of the infected cell (Shaw, 2006).

Viruses is obligate intracellular parasites that require the host cell's biochemical machinery to drive protein synthesis and metabolize sugars. Some produce acute infection and are eliminated from the host, whereas others persist indefinitely producing late disease (Blake, 2003).

A noncellular biological entity that can reproduce only within a host cell. Viruses consist of nucleic acid covered by protein; some animal viruses are also surrounded by membrane. Inside the infected cell, the virus uses the synthetic capability of the host to produce progeny virus (Schlindwein, 2006).

Virus is ultramicroscopic, virulent organism composed of a nucleoprotein core and a protein shell, which causes certain plant or animal diseases (Noland, 1983).

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Anonim. 2004. Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes, & Viruses Tutorial. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics. University of Arizona, USA. Bettie J. Graham. 2011. Virus, National Human Genome Research Institute, USA. Blake. 2003. Classes Introduction to Biology Glossary.
http://www.neuroendocrine.com/class_introbioglossary.htm

Hagedorn. 2011. An Agricultural And Environmental Biotechnology Annotated Dictionary. http://filebox.vt.edu/cals/cses/chagedor/glossary.html International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. 1991. Concept of Virus Spesies. Institute de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire Strasbourg, France. Krug. 2011. Virus. In Encyclopdia Britannica. Retrieved http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/630244/virus from

Mike Wooldridge. 1999. Your Genes, Your Choices. Department of Energy. USA M.J. Farabee. 1999. On-Line mj.farabee@emcmail.maricopa.edu Biology Book: GLOSSARY.

Noland, George B. 1983. General Biology, 11th Edition. St. Louis, MO. C. V. Mosby Pecan ipmPIPE. 2011. IPM Glossary. http://pecan.ipmpipe.org/glossary/index.cfm Schlindwein. 2006. Hypermedia Glossary Of Genetic http://hal.wzw.tum.de/genglos/asp/genreq.asp?nr=163 Shaw. Terms.

2006. Introductory Biology Glossary. http://www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/science/biological_sciences/labgloss.ht ml

Statewide IPM Program. 2003. Resources glossary. Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California. USA.

TUGAS INDIVIDU VIROLOGI

DEFINITION OF VIRUS

RIZAL 11/322096/PMU/06978

PROGRAM STUDI BIOTEKNOLOGI FAKULTAS MULTI DISIPLIN SEKOLAH PASCA SARJANA UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA YOGYAKARTA 2011