Sprinkler System For fire protection purposes is an integrated system of underground and over head piping engineering standards.

. The installation includes a water supply such as gravity tank, fire pump reservoir of pressure tank and or connection by underground piping to a city main. The portion of the sprinkler system above ground is a network of specially sized or hydraulically designed piping installation in a building structure or area to which sprinklers are connected. The system includes a controlling valve and alarm devices when the system is in operation. The sprinkler head of the system is usually activated by heat from a fire and discharges water over the fire area. Scope and purpose This standard is the minimum for the installation of the system for buildings, the character and adequacy of water supplies to sprinkler systems. The purpose of this standard is to provide protection for life and property from fire through installation requirements for sprinkler system based upon engineering principles, test data, and field experience. Classification of Sprinkler System: *Wet Pipe System A system employing open sprinklers attached to a piping system containing water and connected to a water supply so that the water supply discharges immediately from sprinklers opened by a fire. *Deluge System A system employing open sprinklers attached to a piping system connected to a water supply through which is opened by the operation of a fire detection system installed in the same areas as the sprinklers; when this valves opens, water flows into the piping system and discharge from all sprinklers attached there to. Water Supply Requirements for Sprinklers System The following tables of water supply requirements shall be used in determining the minimum water supply requirement for light, ordinary and extra hazard occupancies. Occupancy Classification Residual Pressure Required at Elevation of the Highest Sprinkler 1.03 bar 1.03 or higher 1.03 bar or higher Acceptable Flow at Base of Riser 1893 2893 Li/min 2650 3785 Li/min 3217 5678 Li/min Duration in minutes

Light Hazard Ordinary Hazard Group 1 Ordinary Hazard Group 2

30 60 minutes 60 90 minutes 60 90 minutes

Ordinary Hazard Warehouse High Rise Building Extra Hazard

Pressure and flow requirements for sprinklers and hose streams to be determined by authority having jurisdiction Pressure and flow requirements for sprinklers and hose stream to be determined by authority having jurisdiction Pressure and flow requirements for sprinklers and hose stream to be determined by authority having jurisdiction Pressure and flow requirements for sprinklers and hose stream to be determined by authority having jurisdiction

Sprinklers Spacing, Location and Positions Area Limitation The maximum floor area to be protected by sprinkler supplied on each system rise on any one floor shall be as follows Light Hazard 4.830m2

Solid piled storage in excess of 6,400mm height or palletized on rack storage in excess of 3,700mm in height 3,716m2 Extra Hazard System Components: 1. Internal Fire hose in Cabinet or in Fire hose Reels 38mm hose used for the purposes maybe connected to wet sprinkler system only subject to the following restriction: a) Hose station supply shall not be connected to any pipe smaller than 65mm except hydraulically designed loops and grids. Hose station supply pipes maybe connected to a 50mm source. b) Piping shall be at lease 25mm for vertical runs. c) Piping shall be 25mm for horizontal runs up to 6,069mm, 30mm for runs between 6,069mm and 24.4 meters and 38mm or runs greater than 24.4 meters. d) Where, the pressure at any hose stations exceeds 6.89 bars pressure reducing valves shall be installed at the outlet to reduce the pressure to 6.89 bars. 2. Hose Connection for Fire Department Use In building of light department use maybe attached to wet-pipe sprinkler system subject to the following restriction: a) Sprinkler shall be under separate valves. b) The minimum size of the riser shall be 102mm unless hydraulic calculations indicate smaller size satisfy sprinkler and hose streams demand. c) Each combined sprinkler stand pipe riser shall be equipped with a riser control valve to permit isolating a riser without interrupting the supply to other riser from the same source of supply. 2,323m2

3. Fire Department connections Fire department connection shall be provided to sprinkler system in all cases. Pipe sizes shall not be less than 102mm for the engine connections and to less than 152mm for the boat connection. The fire department connection shall be on the system side of a check valve in the water supply piping, or on wet-pipe system on the system side check and alarm valves to the riser. 4. Sprinkler System Standard Devices The sprinkler system shall be provided with the following: a) System main drain b) Auxiliary drain on trapped section of pipe c) Inspector test connections not less than 25mm shall be provided for each system, or for each floor level d) Pipe sleeves of proper size e) Pipe sway bracing the pipe hangers conforming to fire code f) Water motor alarm gong g) Water flow switches for multi-storey building to supervise system flow on each floor areas h) Valve signs, spare sprinklers and wrenches in cabinets 5. Sprinklers shall also be required to following areas a) Concealed spaces, enclosed wholly or partially by exposed combustible construction, as in walls, floors and ceilings b) At the opening of the elevator shaft at each floor level c) Stairways d) Vertical opening building e) Service chutes and dumb waiter f) Under roofs or canopies over outside loading platforms, ducts or other areas where combustible are stored or handled g) Under ducts and galleries which are over 1,200mm wide h) Library stock room i) Beneath ducts over 1,200mm wide j) Commercial type cooling equipment and ventilation system k) Electrical components when sprinkler protection is provided in generator and transformer room, hoods or shields installed to protect important electrical equipment from water shall be non-combustibles. l) Outside sprinkler protection against exposure fires Installation of Fire Pumps a) Standard for installation of fire pumps Only listed fire pumps shall be used for fire protection service. The adequacy and dependability of the water source are of primary importance. Fire pumps shall have the following rated capacities in LPM or larger, and rated at net pressure of 2.75 bars or more and have the following features standard equipment. b) There are two types of standard fire pump used for the protection service, the centrifugal and the vertical turbine type, either horizontal or vertical mounted are permitted to obtain water on positive suction head only. The vertical turbine type is practically suitable for fire pump service

when the water is located below ground where it would be difficult to install any other type of pump below the minimum water level. c) Pressure maintenance ( jockey or make up ) pumps Jockey pumps shall have rated capacities not less than any normal leakage rate they shall have discharge pressure sufficient to maintain the desired fire protection system pressure. Outside Protection Hydrants A sufficient number of hydrants shall be installed to provide hose streams for every part of the exterior of each building not covered by standpipe protecting for every part of the building by the used of the length of hose normally attached to the hydrants. There shall be sufficient hydrants to concentrate the required flow above any important building protected. An adequate hose house shall be placed nearby the hydrants with standard accessories as follows: 2 approved adjustable spray-solid stream nozzle equipped with shut-off each size of hose 65mm 1 fire axe with brackets 1 hydrants wrench 4 coupling spanners for each sized hose provided, 65mm 2 hose coupling gaskets for each size of hose, 65mm Dry Stand Pipe and Hose System Standpipe systems are none of the best internal means for extinguishing fires in buildings and structures. Even in building equipped with automatic sprinkler system standpipe is necessary. Standpipe are required in places such as the upper storey of high buildings or large areas, low height buildings, and in other structures where construction, size of the other features limit the use of hose streams from the exterior. Class Service Class l for used by fire department and those trained in handling heavy fire streams 65mm hose Class ll for used primarily by the buildings occupants until the arrival of the fire department 38mm hose Class lll for used either by fire department and those trained in handling heavy hose streams 65mm or the building occupants 38mm hose Local Fire Code Requirements Fire Code of the Philippines, which is the presidential decree No. 1185, requires that the following establishments be protected with automatic water sprinkler system. 1) High rise buildings structures or facilities, fifteen (15) meters or more, measure from the grade level to the floor of the topmost storey, for every new or old building. 2) Place of assembly stage equipped with fly galleries grid irons and rigging for movable theater-type scenery and every enclosed platform larger than 46.5m2 in area. 3) Educational building below the floor of exit discharge 4) general storage, boiler, oil furnace rooms, fuel storage, janitor closets, maintenance shop including wood working and painting areas, laundries, and kitchen, ( if this areas are not separated from the other parts of building with one hour fire resistance material rating and all openings, are not protected with self-closing door )

a. Any flexible plan or open building in which the travel distance to exits exceeding forty-six (46) meters. b. Under ground and windowless buildings 5) Institutional occupancies and residential area throughout all hospital, nursing homes, and residential custodial care facilities including hazardous areas. 6) Mercantile occupancies automatic sprinkler protection system shall be installed in all mercantile occupancies as follow a. In all one (1) storey building over one thousand three hundred ninety-four (1,394m2) in area b. In all buildings over one storey in height and exceeding two thousand seven hundred eighty-seven (2,787m2) gross area c. Throughout floors below the street floor having 232.5m2 when used for the space, storage or handling of combustible goods and merchandise. 7) Business occupancies all business occupancy building, over 15meters high shall be provided throughout with automatic sprinkler protections. 8) Industrial occupancies every high hazard occupancy shall have automatic protection or such other protection as maybe appropriate to the particular hazard. 9) Pier and water surrounded structure pier deck must be provided with automatic fire suppression system protection for combustible structure and for super structure, if any. 10) Cellulose nitrate plastics (pyroxylin) all new and existing building used for the manufacture or storage of articles of cellulose nitrate plastic (pyroxylin) in quantities exceeding 45kg. 11) High pilled combustible stock required in each building used for high piled combustible stock when the area exceeds 2/3 of the sum of the basic floor area. 12) Dip tank dip tanks of over 570 liters capacity of 0.93m2 liquid surface area shall be protected with an approved automatic fire extinguishers system. Portable Fire Extinguishers Portable extinguishers are appliances to be used by the occupants of a building or area, primarily for immediate use on small fires. Even in building equipped with automatic sprinkler system, portable fire extinguishers are necessary. Outdoor General Storage Purpose Requirements contained herein are for the proper handling and safeguarding of storage of types of commodities of moderate combustible hazard. Standard for the storage of non-combustible commodities and those of extra combustible hazard included, as well as storage covered by specific standard Because of the diversity of the materials handled, no fixed requirements can be provided to cover all conditions. However, principles set forth herein will provide basis for proper protection of commodities in storage in the open.

WESTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ZAMBOANGA CITY

ASSIGNMENT IN INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING (ME 151)

Fire Protection System

Submitted by: Jhonald M. Watiwat Student

Submitted to: Engr. Roberto M. Sala, DOE Instructor

WESTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ZAMBOANGA CITY

ASSIGNMENT IN INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING (ME 151)

Submitted by: Jan Anthony S. Ong Student

Submitted to: Engr. Roberto M. Sala, DOE Instructor