Professional Documents
Culture Documents
u
Aircraft Division
February 1947
\b
K K)
Aircraft Division
Dates of Survey:
13-15
November 1945
Date of Publication:
February 1947
\A/,
-,
APfi
,947
This report was written primarily for the use of the United States StraBombing Survey in the preparation of further reports of a more comprehensive nature. Any conclusions or opinions expressed in this report must be considered as limited to the specific material covered and as subject to further interpretation in the light of further studies conducted by the Survey.
tegic
FOREWORD
The United States Strategic Bombing Survey was establislied by the Secretary of War on 3 November 1944, pursuant to a directive from the Its mission was to conduct an impartial and late President Roosevelt. of the effects of our aerial attack on Germany, to be used expert study in connection with air attacks on Japan and to establish a basis for evaluating the importance and potentialities of air power as an instrument of military strategy for planning the future development of the United States armed forces and for determining future economic policies with
respect to the national defense.
published.
A summary report and some 200 supporting reports containing the findings of the Survey in Germany have been
On
15
August 1945, President Truman requested that the Survey all types of air attack in the war
against Japan, submitting reports in duplicate to the Secretary of War and to the Secretary of the Navy. The officers of the Survey during its Japanese phase were:
Franklin D'Olier, Chairman Paul H. Nitze and Henry C. Alexander, Vice Chairmen
Directors
J.
Jr.
The Survey's complement provided for 300 civilians, 350 officers, and 500 enlisted men. The military segment of the organization was drawn from the Army to the extent of 60 percent, and from the Navy to the extent of 40 percent. Both the Army and the Navy gave the Survey all possible assistance in furnishing men, supplies, transport, and information. The Survey operated from headquarters established in Tokyo early in September 1945, with subheadquarters in Nagoya, Osaka, Hiroshima, and Nagasaki, and with mobile teams operating in other parts of Japan, the
islands of the Pacific, and the Asiatic mainland.
It was possible to reconstruct much of wartime Japanese military planning and execution, engagement by engagement, and campaign by campaign, and to secure reasonably accurate statistics on Japan's economy and war production, plant by plant, and indu.stry by industry. In addition, studies were conducted on Japan's over-all strategic plans and the background of her entry into the war, the internal discussions and negotiations leading to her acceptance of unconditional surrender, the course of health and morale among the civilian population, the effectiveness of the Japanese civilian defense organization, and the effects of the atomic bombs.
The Survey interrogated more than 700 Japanese military, government, and industrial officials. It also recovered and translated many documents which not only have been useful to the Survey, but also will furnish data valuable for other studies. Arrangements have been made to turn over the Survey's files to the Central Intelligence Group, through which they will be available for further examination and distribution.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Its
7 7 7
A Layout
of the
Zasshonokuma Plant
facing page 8
9
Appendix B
Appendix
10
11
Appendix
D Organizational
Appendix E Appendix F
Appendix Appendix Appendix
Component
Flow to Final Assembly of the Four Types of Aircraft Manufactured During 1945 ....
12 16
17
Appendix
Appendix
Appendix
Graph of Employee and Manhour Trends G Indirect, Direct and Total Manhours Worked .... H List of Dispersal Locations Map of Dispersed Sites J Table of Ordered and Actual Production K Graph of Ordered and Actual Production L Comparison of MIS Estimates with Actual ProducI
18 19
20
21
tion
22
IV
ITS
K)yv&s, a significant producer of naval trainer aircraft and the foremost aircraft manu-
facturer on the island of Kyushu. During 1943 this firm produced about 12 percent of the total output of naval trainers but only three percent of the total combat planes. With the
reconnaissance seaproduction of the Type Kyushu Airplane Co., then plane, Jake, in 1941, known as the Watanabe Ironworks Ltd {WataK) started assembling comnabe Tekkosho
Production of another combat type, the Tokai patrol bomber, Lorna, began Subsequently, in June in September 1943. 1945 Kyushu completed the development of the first of a new pusher-type naval fighter. ShinOnly one aircraft of this type was comden. pleted prior to the cessation of hostilities. Plans to produce the twinjet aircraft, Kikka, were never fulfilled and no models of this Nakajimadesigned aircraft were ever produced by
bat aircraft.
Although Watanabe's previous connections had been almost entirely with the Japanese Navy, the Army was the first to place orders for the manufacture of landing wheels. The Navy soon followed suit, however, and finally, realizing his closer associations with this service, Watanabe in 1926 sought orders for the manufacture of complete aircraft with the Naval Air Headquarters. Despite repeated attempts, orders were not forthcoming until 1929 when Admiral Ando, then the chief of Naval Air Headquarters, offered the Navy's full cooperation in establishing a new plant in which Watanabe was to manufacture aircraft for the Navy. The site chosen for the new plant was at Zasshonokuma on the southeastern outskirts of Fukuoka.
Difficulties
Kyushu.
As a producer of aircraft landing-wheel units, Kyushu was second only to the firm of Okamoto Industries Ltd (Okamoto Kogyo K K) Wheels manufactured by Kyushu were delivered to
all
and operation of the new plant were overcome with the help of the Navy which supplied engineers and technical specialists. Furthermore, limited numbers of Watanabe personnel were
trained in aircraft production techniques at the
Sasebo naval arsenal which was then the only naval arsenal in the area engaged in aircraft production.
Construction of the Zas.shonokuma plant (Appendix A) was completed late in 1930, and
production started in 1931. A new Watanabe ordnance plant was built adjacent to the Zasshonokuma aircraft plant and ordnance manufacture, on a larger scale than previously, was
Nakajima, Ka-
Prior to the formation of the Kyushu company in 1943, this concern was known as the Watanabe Ironworks. It was founded in 1886 by Fukuo Watanabe. In 1919 this firm commenced the manufacture of torpedo tubes and parts for the Imperial Japanese Navy at its plant at Chiyomachi near Higashi park in the
commenced
at this
new
site in 1934.
By
town of Fukuoka.
was no aircraft-manufacturing activity on the island of Kyushu other than the small-scale
production then taking place at the Sasebo naval arsenal, he became determined to start
date additional expansion, the acquisition of more land and the construction of further In 1941, the Kashii plants was envisaged. plant (Appendix B) was constructed on re-
manufacture in a section of his ironworks. During the early 1920s, when Watanabe started making plans for aircraft manufacture, funds were not available for the anticipated assembly of complete airplanes, so the manuaircraft
claimed land to the northeast of Fukuoka, and in the following year, landing-wheel manufacture was transferred from Zasshonokuma to a newly constructed plant at Itazuke (Appendix C) one mile north of Zasshonokuma.
,
By
sions of
tions that
Watanabe had grown to such proporit was decided to create two distinct
organizations.
dent of both, with respect to their previous activity in the manufacture either of aircraft or naval ordnance. In October 1943. therefore, the Kyushu K) and the Ordnance Co. (Kyushu Heiki
THE
LOCATION
Kyushu Airplane
During 1944, lesser plants of Kyushu Airplane were constructed at Setaka, 35 miles south of Fukuoka, and Karatsu. 30 miles west-southwest of Fukuoka (Fig. 1). Another small plant
oka,
Meinohama, 5 miles west of FukuThe Kyushu Airplane Co.'s manufacturing facilities (Table 1) therefore, consisted of two aircraft-assembly plants, one landing-wheel plant, and three lesser parts
was
built at
in
1945.
plants.
parnot arouse criticism or stricter control. may be drawn with Japan International
Aircraft Industries, Ltd (Nippon Kokusai Koku Kogijo K) another firm of secondary standing engaged largely in the manufacture of trainers for the Army, and whose low output was never a matter of concern to the officials of the Munitions Ministry.
in
Japan.
isions of
Under this system, the various divithe Kyushu Airplane Co. received desNo. 10-'30 No. 1031 No. 1032 No. 1033
ignations as follows
llfadquai-teis depaitment Zas.shonokuma plant
spinning mill in Fukuoka city manufactured Shiragiku fuselages under subcontract to the Kyushua Airplane Co.
Kashii plant
Itazuke plant
impetus and the relavolume of production at all the plants of Kyushu, the production techniques were almost without exception the "job shop"
to the lack of tively
Owing
small
variety.
in the
The three principal plants of the Kyushu Airplane Co. were under the administrative control of a headquarters department located at the Zasshonokuma plant (Appendix D). This headquarters department controlled activities of its six departments through the di-
more than
ists
fulfilled
the
demands
of
and
skilled
niffcant
limitation
maximum
Kyushu
output.
director, K. Ozaki,
April 1939 to 17,000 in the middle of 1943 (Appendix F). A small drop in employment is evident towards the end of 1943, due to the
conscription of a group of
the Japanese
men
for service in
personal
offices
of the whole firm. and agencies of Kyushu in Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya, Hiroshima, Omura, and Fusan were also under the control of this headquarters. The general affairs, planning, designing and production departments of the Zasshonokuma plant were under the control of S. Yamanari, the plant manager. Similai'ly, the general affairs, training, planning and production departments of the Kashii plant were under the jurisdiction of M. Matsuo. The Itazuke plant, relatively smaller than either of the abovementioned units, and engaged only in the pro-
armed forces. During 1944, however, employment rose rapidly again, and with the utilization of student labor and soldier employees in April and July 1944, respectively,
employment reached
its
height in
February
Many
of the students
were forced
to return to
1945, caus-
ing a sharp drop. At the conclusion of hostilities, 20,000 people were in the employ of the Kyushu Airplane Co. and by October 1945, the
figure
in-
between
and
labor,
officials
duction of landing wheels, was divided into general affairs, planning and production de-
regular employees, all of the soldiers, and 75 percent of the students were utilized in direct-production departstated that 60 percent of
two-shift system
was
utilized
in
all
the
As the Kyushu Airplane Co. had for many decades been well established in the Kyushu area, it had organized a reasonably effective group of subcontractors in the immediate vicinity of its assembly plants. T-he supply of components, therefore, was not such a limiting factor as was the case with the more recently established Mitsubishi No. 7 airframe works at Kumamoto. As an example, Kanegafuchi's
plants and departments of the company. hours of the day shift were from 0730 to 1845 hours and of the night shift, from 1845 Personnel on shifts were reto 0730 hours. versed each Sunday. With the exception of January 1942, during which month the labor turnover was particularly high, the average ratio of new employees hired during the month to the total number of employees at the beginning of that month was This ratio 1 :34 for the years 1942 and 1943. was maintained throughout 1944, with the exception of April and October of that year, dur-
The
ing
unusually
large
The
Dispersal
Program
of the
number of students was During the conscripted for military service. turnover was first eight months of 1945 the small, the average ratio for this period being
hired to replace
1:74.
men
Plant
officials
Kyushu Airplane
Co.
and planned!
to take action in December 1944. In that month,] a preliminary dispersal program was instituted,
During the months immediately following December 1944. approximately 4.500 workers,
or 50 per cent of the total available skilled-labor force, was conscripted by the Army and Navy. The firm was powerless to prevent this continual drain on irreplaceable manpower, and the
resulting
efi'ect
and in addition to the movement of equipment and personnel to available sites in the Fukuoka area, buildings were removed from the Zasshonokuma plant, and the construction of more permanent dispersal sites, both above and underground, was started.
This plan was put into effect during the first quarter of 1945. Due to the destruction by air attack of aircraft-manufacturing and air-depot facilities at Tachiarai (20 miles SE of Fukuoka) on 1 April 1945, the government ordered the Kyushu Airplane Co. to expedite the completion of its dispersal
Appended
Plant Reports
Although all the plants of the Kyushu Co., with the exception of the Setaka plant, were investigated by members of the Kyushu field team of the Aircraft Division, it was considered that
there size and significance was not sufficient to justify the preparation of any individual plant reports. All the information supplied by company officials and obtained from investigations
program and
all vital
to
modify
the plan so as to
make
it
as extensive as possible
machinery
Of the 29 principal dispersal groups to which was transferred (Appendix H), seven were located in schools, five partly or wholly underground one was a forest dispersal and
;
^<rf':-
Photo
1.
were housed in newly constructed warehouses, public halls, or any other enclosed site with the requisite floor area
the remainder
installations,
made
in
order to achieve
all
maximum
dispersal
dispersal.
was
effected
(photos 1-4).
in
in
to 76 aircraft in
January 1945,
is in-
within a radius of 10 miles of the parent plant (Appendix I). In this way difliculties encountered in the tran-sportation of supplies and workers
26
in
April 1945
were kept
at a
minimum.
Photo
7132774'; ~2
2.
Dispersal from the Itazuke plant; machine shop located in forest near Ohashi.
Note
trees
Photo
3.
incompleted tunnels.
*^
-,,
U^^^''^
Photo
4.
Dispersal of the Kashii plant to Wajiro showing two of a group of six hangar-type
structures camouflaged with
bamboo
lattice-work
and brush.
attacks on cities in
Honshu had
dislocated the
None of the plants of the Kyushu Airplane Co. was ever the targ-et of, or damaged by, air
attack.
EVALUATION OF PRE-ATTACK
INTELLIGENCE
Owing
to the small
Air Attacks on
Although 20 percent of the built-up destroyed as a result of this raid, comarea was pany officials stated that minor dislocation in the transportation of workers existed for only Effects on one day subsequent to the raid. negligible. production were
June 1945.
MIS
Kyushu were far too high. Although the Type 2 primary land trainer (K9WI) and the Type 2 intermediate land trainer (KiOWl) went out of production in June 1943 and November 1942, respectively,
they were each carried at the monthly rate of 10 for January 1945. The only bases for such estimates were vague documentary sources and Again, in the sightings on enemy airfields. case of the trainer, Shiragiku, the estimate of 100 aircraft for January 1945 was on the high
side, for although 70 aircraft of this type were completed in December 1944, this was a false peak and regular production was of the order of about 30-40 aircraft per month during the last months of 1944 and the beginning of 1945. Comparison of estimates and actual production of combat aircraft (Appendix L) is more
PRODUCTION STATISTICS
tabulation of production data (Appendix J) shows that between April 1942 and August 1945, the company produced only 2,418 planes or 53 percent of the 4,517 aircraft ordered from This low output it by the Munitions Ministry. placed the firm among- the secondary aircraft
manufacturers, and
it is
known
ernment made
little
Prior to 1939, output consisted almost comof trainer aircraft, these being produced in relatively small numbers. By 1941, the annual output had reached 300 aircraft, and it was in this year that Kyushu completed its first combat aircraft, the Type reconnaissance floatplane, Jake. Although the Type 96 fighter, Claude, had been produced since 1940, this type was never used extensively in the Pacific war, being by that time considered obsolete and having been replaced by Mitsubishi's Type fighter, Zeke, as equipment for Japanese airpletely
favorable owing to the larger volume of information available. Estimates of Jake production closely paralleled actual output until April 1945, when dispersal caused a drop in production not reflected by estimates,
owing
to lack
of photo cover and other data indicating disAs captured ferrying persal at this time. schedules were the only sources on which estimates of Lorna output could be based, graphs of estimated and actual production do not coincide
closely.
craft carriers.
when
the dispersal
into effect
further comparison may be made, however, with the total number of Lorna aircraft actually produced and the estimated total. The former figure amounts to 153 and the latter In the to 161 aircraft, an error of 5 percent. case of Shinden, a total lack of basis for pro-
early in 1945.
As
dropped from a peak of 133 aircraft in December 1944 to 26 in April 1945. After a slight recovery in May and June 1945, output dropped again to 18 in August 1945. Dispersal, however, was not the only factor which contributed towards decreased output in 1945. The supply of raw materials and parts was failing, and area
duction assessment caused an arbitrary rate to be assigned of 3 aircraft monthly from December 1944, to June 1945, although only one aircraft of this type was ever completed. With the exception of one or two types of
trainers in production in the early 1930s, MIS information accurately covered the types of
aircraft
included
in
and significance of were known, as was the system used in transporting test flights and acceptances. Although it was thought by MIS that Mitsubishi had a share in the control of
pany's output.
location
The
It was also known to MIS that the former Kanegafuchi Industries Ltd {Kanegafuchi Jitsugyo K) spinning mill in Fuku-
to be the case.
oka had been taken over by Kyushu Airplane Co. for the manufacturer of components and
subassemblies.
the
Kyushu Airplane
turn out
Buildint)
Pton
KYUSHU AIRPLANE
ZASSHONOKUMA
August
CO.
PLANT
removed
1945
Dotted
lines
indicate buildings
ttiis
prior to
dote
Kay to buildings
Shed metol shop Heat treotment ond plohng shop EKpermentol porls qnd sub -osst mbly shop Exper mentol Shop
I
Wind
tu nnel
P grtsyfinishing shop
Xnperimentol ossembly s hop Glen(EI4 YI)fmol Ass embly sh op BTied Tfom which compleled oircroft were dispatched lo Soitozoki oirfiekl by
truck ond bullock-corl. Sto rage fof empty pocking coses
Joke IE IT&I ) wing ass embly shop Joke(E'3 AljTrnoT o sse mbly" shop Machine shop_
Shiroq ikutKIIWZlwrng "o"s5 mSiy
15?^ng
~~~'
shop
7?
^Fieet melgT por ls shop Heat treotmefil o nd ploting shop Wing assembly (Monutocture of Belty
Sloroqe
^
35
35
Forging
shop
Irrigotion
Ditch
Irrigation Ditch
KYUSHU AIRPLANE
CO.
A
APPENDIX
BUILDING PLAN.
KYUSHU AIRPLANE
LAYOUT AS OF AUGUST
CO.,
ITAZUKE PLANT
1945
KYUSHU AIRPLANE CO
ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION
HEADQUARTERS
Gsierol affair*
' tmtlgation
president;
Fulaio
Tronspof+oticci
Watonobe
GENERAL affairs:
-Gu<rd
ConttrucHon
VICE president:
Z Yamomoto
MANAGING DIRECTOR:
K.
Oz(*a
PERSONAL affairs;
accounting:
ftnon -Labor
~ MotivB Power
Public wlfor
I
directors;
S Yamanori
'
MYamada
T Wotanobe
K,
5.
-Nalplaniln(Matanal)
Koto
NokakowGii
-Na2ptanrng(Portt) - Subcootrocton
MoterM
MATERIEL
- Port
AUDITORS,
Y Wotonobe T Mtshirno
Storoge
-
- Mochinery Stationary
Reseofch
Toguchi
TRAINING SCHOOL
_r
:
Busimss
Training
MEDCAL
TOKYO office:
E
-
Osoka office
Nogoyo
office
Qfi''^*
Hiroshimq^pffica
Omura
Fuson office
ZASSHONOKUMA PLANT
'
Wages
Contraction
GENERAL
AFFAIRS:-
-Lobor
PIANT manager:
S.
Yamanori
Pushing
PLANNING
Business Euusiness
DESIGNING
Planning
No's
ond2
designing
PRODUCTION
No's
-7
Branch
Corps.
KASHII
PLANT
Genial
offoirs
Accounting
-Utxx
Contraction
GENERAL AFFAIRS;
-Welfare
- Transportation
PLAm manager:
M. Matsuo
-Guard
- Hospital
TRAINING school:
Business
Training
'
PLANNING
Mochnery
Inspection
production:
'
Corps.
ITAZUKE PLANT
I
GENERAL AFFRKe
PLANT manager: M.Ytnnda
PLANNING :-
-I
L*or
-
Generol affairs
- Hospital
Pkxnng
'
Materiel Inspection
production:
No's
Mm
lUCO
o<
Q s
FUSELAGE
KYUSHU AIRPLANE CO. ZASSHONOKUMA PLANT DISPERSAL TO NAGATARE AREA (SHOP NO. 64) KANEGAFUCHI INDUSTRIES IN FUKUOKA CITY
FUKUOKA
SANYO AIRCRAFT
TAIL
ASAHI AIRCRAFT CO. AT
STABILIZERS
OKAWA, FUKUOKA
MINAMI KYUSHU AIRCRAFT
CO.
ELEVATORS
MATSUBASE, KUMAMOTO
SHIRAGIKU FINAL
ASSEMBLY
JOHOKU AIRCRAFT CO.
FIN
KYUSHU AIRPLANE CO
DISPERSAL FROM ZASS-
YAMAGA, KUMAMOTO
TOGAMi
ELECTRIC CO.
AT
RUDDER
WINGS
FURUSHU AIRPLANE
CO.
SAGA
TATARA WORKS
KUMAMOTO
FLAPS
FUTSUKAICHI
OKAYAMA
NISHIHARA
IRON
WORKS
AILERONS
ENGINE
HITACHI AIRCRAFT
CO.
KATAKASU
TOKYO
FUEL TANKS
OIL
MITSUBISHI LIGHT
METAL
CO.
OSAKA
TANKS
LANDING
OKAMOTO INDUSTRIES
NAGOYA
TOGAMI ELECTRIC
AT SAGA
LTD.
GEAR
ELECTRICAL PARTS
CO.
U.S.STRATEGIC
BOMBING SURVEY
CO.
14
and imajuku
FUSELAGE
CENTER KYUSHU AIRPLANE CO. ZASSHONOKUMA PLANT SUBASSEMBLY fukuoka steel wks. at shirakibaru REAR SUBASSEMBLY
MATSUI WORKS
IN
FUKUOKA
STABILIZER
in
fukuoka
DISPERSAL AT AOKI,
TAIL
IMAYAMA AND IMAJUKU
KIKKA
FINAL
ELEVATOR
tatara
works at futsukaichi
FIN
KANEGAFUCHI industries
LTD. IN
FUKUOKA
KYUSHU AIRPLANE
CO.
AND IMAJUKU
RUDDER
WING
DISPERSALS AT
AOKI, IMAJUKU
PREFECTURE
TATARA WORKS
FLAPS
AT
FUTSUKAICMI
NITTO AIRCRAFT CO. AILERONS AT OGI, SAOA
PERFEOTURE
FUEL TANKS
OIL TANKS
FUKUI
LANDING GEAR
KAYABA WORKS
USUKI WORKS AT OITA
ELECTRICAL PARTS
U.S.STRATEGIC BOMBING
SURVEY
CO.
15
MAP
14
15 16
KASUGA AREA ANTOKU AREA IWATO AREA NAGATARE AREA IMAYAMA AREA MEINOHAMA AREA SHIHAN AREA NAKA AREA OTOGANE AREA YAMAGUCHI AREA HARUDA AREA SETAKA AREA KASHIIMIYA AREA WAJIRO AREA
WAJIRO AREA
SAITOZAKI AREA
17 18
OHASHI AREA
ROJI
AREA
19
IWATO AREA
20 KASUGA AREA
21
KASUGA AREA
24 ONO AREA
25 26 27 28 29
MIZUKI
AREA
STED
U.S.STRATEGC BOMBING
19
lO
en CD
<
ro CD
< o
I-
cr Q-
CO
CO
21
OF REPORTS
l(i
Mittel-Deutsche Motorenwerke
G m
b H,
Taucha,
Durrer-
from the Survey's studies of the European and Pacific wars. Certain of these reports may be purchased from
he Superintendent of
Germany
17
Inc,
Eisenach
&
Printing Office,
Documents Washington, D. C.
at the
Government
18
Germany
Bayerische Motorenwerke
A G (BMW)
Munich,
Germany
19
European
War
OFFICE OF THE
1
CHAIRMAN
20
21 22 23
The United States Strategic Bombing Survey: Summary Report (European War) The United States Strategic Bombing Survey: Over-all Report (European War) The Effects of Strategic Bombing on the German
Germany
Deutsche
Vereinigte
Germany
Metallgussgesellschaft
GmbH,
h H,
Leipzig,
Ger-
many
Aluminiumwerk G Germany
War Economy
24
Gebrueder Giulini G
AIRCRAFT DIVISION
(By Division and Branch) Aircraft Division Industry Report Inspection Visits to Various Targets
Report)
many
25
4 5
(Special
26 27
Germany
28
Airframes Branch
6
7
29 30
Germany
Junkers Aircraft and Aero Engine Works, Dessau,
Duerener
Berlin
Metallwerke
G,
Duren Wittenau-
Germany
Maschinenwerke
Erla
GmbH,
Heiterblick,
GmbH,
Leipzig (Mockau),
10
12
Gothaer Waggonfabrik, A G, Gotha, Germany Focke Wulf Aircraft Plant, Bremen, Germany Over-all Report Part A Part B Appendices I, II, III i Dornier Works, Friedrichshafen & Munich, Ger-
31 32
A A
33 34
Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Hamburg Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing
on Wuppertal
A
A
A A
Bombing
35
36 37 38 39
many
13
b H, Kassel, Ger-
many
14
A A
on Dusseldorf Detailed Study on Solingen Detailed Study on Remscheid Detailed Study on Darmstadt Detailed Study on Lubeck Brief Study of
Berlin,
of the Effects of
Area Bombing
Area Bombing Area Bombing Area Bombing
Bussing
wick,
NAG
Flugmotorenwerke
GmbH,
Bruns-
the Effects of Area Bombing on Augsburg, Bochum, Leipzig, Hagen, and Schweinfurt, Oberhausen, Dortmund,
Germany
Bremen
23
Final
I,
67 68
69-
Report
70
71
Coking Plant Report No. 1, Sections A, B, C, & D Gutehoffnungshuette, Oberhausen, Germany Friedrich-Alfred Huette, Rheinhausen, Germany Neunkirchen Eisenwerke A G, Neunkirchen, Ger-
many
Reichswerke Hermann Goering
G, Hallendorf,
Hamburg
hibits
Field
Report Vol
Text; Vol
II,
Ex72
73
Germany
August Thyssen Huette
Friedrich
46 47
Krupp A
many
Germany
74 75 76
Bavaria,
EQUIPMENT DIVISION
Electrical
Branch
Dortmund Hoerder Huettenverein, A G, mund, Germany Hoesch A G, Dortmund, Germany Bochumer Verein fuer Gusstahlfabrikation Bochum, Germany
Motor Vehicles and Tanks Branch
G,
48 49
German Electrical Equipment Industry Report Brown Boveri et Cie, Mannheim Kafertal, Ger-
many
77
Optical and Precision Instrument Branch
78 79
50
German Motor Vehicles Industry Report Tank Industry Report Daimler Benz A G, Unterturkheim, Germany
80
81
Adam
82
51 52
Renault Motor Vehicles Plant, Billancourt, Paris Opel, Russelsheim, Germany Daimler Benz.-Gaggenau Works, Gaggenau, Ger-
The German Abrasive Industry Mayer and Schmidt, Offenbach on Main, Germany
Anti-Friction Branch
many
83
84
Germany
Auto Union
Henschel
Germany
53
85 86 87
Sohn, Kassel, Germany Maybach Motor Works, Friedrichshafen, Germany Voigtlander, Maschinenfabrik A G, Plauen, Ger-
&
54 55 56 57 58
Machine Tools & Machinery as Capital Equipment Machine Tool Industry in Germany Herman Kolb Co, Cologne, Germany Collet and Engelhard, Offenbach, Germany Naxos Union, Frankfort on Main, Germany
many
88 89 90
91
Volkswagenwerke, Fallersleben, Germany Bussing NAG, Brunswick, Germany Muehlenbau Industrie A G (Miag) Brunswick,
Friedrich
Ger-
many
60
61
92
93
G, Augs-
62 63
Germany
94
95
Bombers
64
in
the
ETO
Bombing
96
Blohm and Voss Shipyards, Hamburg, Germany Deutschewerke A G, Kiel, Germany Deutsche Schiff und Maschinenbau, Bremen, Ger-
Description of
Logistics
RAF
many
German
97 98 99
Friedrich
MORALE DIVISION
64b The Effects of Strategic Bombing on Morale (Vol I & Vol II)
Medical Branch
100
Krupp Germaniawerft, Kiel, Germany Howaldtswerke A G, Hamburg, Germany Sulimarine Assembly Shelter, Farge, Germany Bremer Vulkan, Vegesack, Germany
^
German
101
Ordnance Branch
Friedrich
65
The
Effect of
in
Care
Gj
MUNITIONS DIVISION
Heavy Industry Branch
66
Hallen-
24
p7 P8
\Special
comprise
the
Report
Food and Agriculture above report 134a Industrial Sales Output and Productivity
Appendix
il2
Powder, Explosives, Special Rockets and Jet Propellants. War Gases and Smoke Acid (Ministerial Report #1) Underground and Dispersal Plants in Greater
Germany
13
The German
Oil
Industry,
Ministerial
Report
14
Team
134b Physical Damage Division Report (ETO) Villacoublay Airdrome, Paris, France Railroad Repair Yards, Malines, Belgium Railroad Repair Yards, Louvain, Belgium Railroad Repair Yaids, Hasselt, Belgium Railroad Repair Yards, Namur, Belgium
15
GmbH,
Leuna,
Submarine Pens, Brest, France Powder Plant, Angouleme, France Powder Plant, Bergerac, France Coking Plants, Montigny & Liege, Belgium Fort St. Blaise Verdun Group, Metz, France
Gnome
et
Braunkohle Benzin
G, Zeitz
many
Wintershall
17
dustrie
Michelin Tire Factory, Clermont-Ferrand, France Gnome et Rhone Aero Engine Factory, Le Mans,
A
G,
Ludwigshafen-Oppau Works of
France
Kugelfischer Bearing Ball Plant, Ebelsbach, Ger-
many
Louis Breguet Aircraft Plant, Toulouse, France S. N. C. A. S. E. Aircraft Plant, Toulouse, France A. I. A. Aircraft Plant, Toulouse, France
19
Ruhroel Hydrogenation Plant, Bottrop-Boy Germany, Vol I, Vol II Rhenania Ossag Mineraloelwerke A G, Harburg
Refinery, Refinery,
Hamburg, Germany
G, Grasbrook
Hamburg, Germany
;22
Rhenania Ossag Mineraloelwerke A G, Wilhelmsburg Refinery, Hamburg, Germany Gewerkschaft Victor, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany,
Vol I & Vol II Europaeische Tanklager
V Weapons
in
London
Germany
Station,
Station,
Goldenberg Thermal Electric Power Knapsack, Germany Brauweiler Transformer & Switching
23 24 25
und
G,
Transport
G,
Harburg
Oil
Refinery,
&
Rheinpreussen Vol II
Synthetic
Plant
Brauweiler, Germany Storage Depot, Nahbollenbach, Germany Railway and Road Bridge, Bad Munster, Germany Railway Bridge, Eller, Germany Gustloff-Werke Weimar, Weimar, Germany Henschell & Sohn G m b H, Kassel, Germany Area Survey at Pirmasens, Germany
Rubber Branch
Deutsche Dunlop
Gummi
Co.,
Hanau
on Main,
Hanomag, Hanover, Germany Werke Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany Friedrich Krupp A G, Essen, Germany
MAN
Germany
Continental Gummiwerke, Hanover, Germany Huels Synthetic Rubber Plant Ministerial Report on German Rubber Industry
Propellants Branch
Erla Maschinenwerke,
GmbH,
GmbH,
Heiterblick, Ger-
b H, Mockau, Germany Mockau, Germany Erla Maschinenwerke Bayerische Motorenwerke, Durrerhof, Germany Mittel-Deutsche Motorenwerke G m b H, Taucha,
many A T G Maschinenbau G m
Germany
Submarine Pens Deutsche-Werft, Hamburg, Ger-
Elektrochemischewerke, Munich, Germany Schoenebeck Explosive Plant, Lignose SprengstoflF Werke Bad Salzemen, Germany Plants of Dynamit A G, Vormal, Alfred Nobel &
many
Multi-Storied Structures, Hamburg, Germany Continental Gummiwerke, Hanover, Germany Kassel Marshalling Yards, Kassel, Germany
GmbH,
Germany
Sprengchemie
Deutsche
GmbH,
Germany
many
Opel A G, Russelsheim, Germany Daimler-Benz A G, Unterturkheim, Germany Valentin Submarine Assembly, Farge, Germany Volkswaggonwerke, Fallersleben, Germany
Adam
25
Railway Viaduct at Bielefeld, Germany Ship Yards Howaldtswerke, Hamburg, Germany Blohm and Voss Shipyards, Hamburg, Germany Daimler-Benz A G, Mannheim, Germany Synthetic Oil Plant, Meerbeck-Hamburg, Germany Gewerkschaft Victor, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany Klockner Humboldt Deutz, Ulm, Germany Ruhroel Hydrogenation Plant, Bottrop-Boy, Ger-
10
11
ProtectionI
,
and Allied Subjects in Japan Final Report Covering Air Raid Protection and! Allied Subjects in Japan
Medical Division
12
The
effects
of
many
189
li)0
Services in Japan
13
Neukirchen Eisenwerke
G,
Neukirchen, Ger-
many
191
The Effects of Atomic Bombs on Health and Medical Services in Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Morale Division
192
Deurag-Nerag
Refineries, Misburg,
Germany
Germany,
14
193 194
Vol
195 196 197 198 199
&
Vol
in
ECONOMIC STUDIES
Aircraft Division
II
Marshalling Yard, Ulm, Germany I G Farbendustrie, Leverkusen, Germany Chemische-Werke, Huels, Germany Gremberg Marshalling Yard, Gremberg, Germany Locomotive Shops and Bridges at Hamm, Germany
Roundhouse
15
16
TRANSPORTATION DIVISION
17
200
201 202
The
effects
of
Strategic
Bombing on Gei-man
Transportation
Rail Operations Over the Brenner Pass
203 204
Bombing on Railroad Installations in Regensburg, Nurnberg and Munich Divisions. German Locomotive Industry During the War German Military Railroad Traffic
Effects of
19
UTILITIES DIVISION
205 206 207
German
1 to 10 in
Vol
208
AG
21
KK)
War
OFFICE OF THE
1
CHAIRMAN
2
3
Summary Report (Pacific War) Japan's Struggle to End The War The Effects of Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and
Nagasaki
22
(Airframes & Engines) Sumitomo Metal Industries, Propeller Division Corporation Report No. VI (Sumitomo Kinzoku Kogyo KK, Puroper;
Seizosho) (Propellers)
CIVILIAN STUDIES
Civilian Defense Division
Hitachi Aircraft Company Corporation Report No. VII (Hitachi Kokuki KK)
(Airframes
23
&
Engines)
Field Report Covering Air Raid Protection and Allied Subjects, Tokyo, Japan
Field Report Covering Air Raid Protection and Allied Subjects, Nagasaki, Japan
Field Report Covering Air Raid Protection and Allied Subjects, Kyoto, Japan
Field Reports Covering Air Raid Protection and Allied Subjects, Kobe, Japan
Com
pany
Corporation Report No.
(Propellers)
IX KK)
Field Report Covering Air Raid Protection and Allied Subjects, Osaka, Japan Field Report Covering Air Raid Protection and Allied Subjects, Hiroshima, Japan No. 1
X
KK)
26
16
Fuji Airplane
Company
17
to
Corporation Report No. XI (Fuji Hilvoki KK) (Airframes) Showa Airplane Company Corporation Report No. XII (Showa Hikoki Kogyo KK) (Airframes) Ishikawajima Aircraft Industries Company, Ltd. Corporation Report No. XIII (Ishikawajima Koku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha) Engines) Nippon Airplane Company Corporation Report No. XIV (Nippon Hikoki KK) (Airframes) Kyushu Airplane Company Corporation Report No. XV (Kyushu Hikoki KK) (Airframes) Shoda Engineering Company Corpoi-ation Report No. XVI (Shoda Seisakujo)
(
47 48
49
50 51
52
Chemicals in Japan's War Chemicals in Japan's War Appendix Oil in Japan's War Oil in Japan's War Appendix
Over-all
Economic
Effects
Division
53
The Effects of Strategic Bombing on Japan's War Economy (Including Appendix A: U. S. Economic Intelligence on Japan Analysis and Comparison; Appendix B: Gross National Product on Japan and Its Components; Appendix
C: Statistical Sources).
Transportation Division
54
(Components)
Urban Economy
(Summary Report)
56 57 58 59 60
Effects of Air Attack on
Mitaka Airci'aft Industries Corporation Report No. XVII (Mitaka Koku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha) (Components) Nissan Automobile Company Corporation Report No. XVIII
(Nissan Jidosha KK) (Engines) Army Air Arsenal & Navy Air Depots Corporation Report No. XIX (Airframes and Engines) Japan Aircraft Underground Report No. XX
Basic Materials Division
6
Kawasaki- Yokohama
Effects of Air Attack on the City of Nagoya Effects of Air Attack on Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Effects of Air Attack on the City of Nagasaki Effects of Air Attack on the City of
Hiroshima
MILITARY STUDIES
Military Analysis Division
61
62
63 64
65
Air Forces Allied with the United States in the War Against Japan Japanese Air Power Japanese Air Weapons and Tactics The Effect of Air Action on Japanese Ground
in
Japan's
War Economy
66
Army
Pacific
Logistics
of
Employment
Forces
Under
the
Southwest
Capital Goods,
7
Command
8
9
The Japanese Construction Industry Japanese Electrical Equipment The Japanese Machine Building Industry
Electric
The Strategic Air Operations of Very Heavy Bombardment in the War Against Japan (Twentieth
Air Force) Air Operations
in
67
68
World
Power Division
War
II
The Electric Power Industry of Japan The Electric Power Industry of Japan (Plant
ports)
Pve-
69
70
Civilian
Supplies Division
71
The Air Transport Command in the War Against Japan The Thirteenth Air Force in the War Against Japan The Seventh and Eleventh Air Forces in the War Against Japan The Fifth Air Force in the War Against Japan
Naval Analysis Division
Manpower
72
73 74
Japanese War Production Industries Japanese Naval Ordnance Japanese Army Ordnance Japanese Naval Shipbuilding
75
The Interrogations of Japanese Officials and II) Campaigns of the Pacific War The Reduction of Wake Island The Allied Campaign Against Rabaul
(Vols.
27
76 77 78 79
The American Campaign Against Wotje, MaloeIII) lap, Mille. and Jaluit (Vols. I, II and The Reduction of Truk The Oflfensive Mine Laying Campaign Against Japan Report of Ships Bombardment Survey PartyForeword, Introduction, Conclusions, and General
93 94 95
Effects of the Atomic Bomb on Nagasaki, Japan Effects of the Four Thousand Pound Bomb on Japanese Targets (a Report on Five Incidents) Effects of Two Thousand, One Thousand, and Five
(a
Summary
Report on Eight Incidents) Report on Physical Damage mary Report) G-2 Division
in
Japan (Sum-
80
81
Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure A), Kamaishi Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure B),
97
Hamamatsu Area
Area
98
82
83
Japanese Military and Naval Intelligence Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in Japanese Homeland, Part I, Comprehensive Re
port
84 85 86
Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure D), Hakodate Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party ( Enclosure E), Muroran Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure F), Shimizu Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosures G and H), Shionomi-Saki and NojimaSaki Areas Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure I), Comments and Data on Effectiveness
99
100
Photographic Intelligence in th Homeland, Part II, Airfields of Photographic Intelligence in th< Homeland, Part III, Computed Boml
of
101
Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in th( Japanese Homeland, Part IV, Urban Area Anal
ysis.
102
87
103 104
105
88
Ammunition Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (EnComments and Data on Accuracy of closure J
of
)
,
89
Firing Reports of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure K), Effects of Surface Bombardments on Japanese War Potential
Physical
106 107
Damage
Division
90
91
.92
Bomb Attacks
on Japan
108
The
Pound Bomb on
Evaluation Japanese Evaluation Japanese Evaluation Japanese Evaluation Japanese gence Evaluation Japanese Evaluation Japanese roads Evaluation Japanese
ysis
ir U.
S.
of of
in
th(
Homeland, Part VI, Shippiyig of Photographic Intelligence in th Homeland, Part VII, Electronics of Photographic Intelligence in th Homeland, Part VIII, Beach lutein
I
Photographic Intelligence in the' Homeland, Part IX Artillery of Photographic Intelligence in the Homeland, Part X, Roads and Railof
28