ARTICLE 6 T-610 Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123T-620 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123T-621 Written Procedure Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123T-630 Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123T-640 Miscellaneous Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

123T641 Control of Contaminants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123T-642 Surface Preparation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123T-643 Drying After Preparation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124T-650 Technique. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124T-651 Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124T-652 Techniques for Standard Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124T-653 Techniques for Nonstandard Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125T-654 Technique Restrictions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125T-660 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125T-670 Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

125T-671 Penetrant Application. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125T-672 Penetration (Dwell) Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125T-673 Excess Penetrant Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125T-674 Drying After Excess Penetrant Removal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126T-675 Developing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126T-676 Interpretation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126T-677 Post-examination Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127T-680 Evaluation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127T-690 Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127T-691 Recording of Indications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127T-692 Examination Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127T-693 Performance Demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Tables T-621 Requirements of a Liquid Penetrant Examination Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124T-672 Minimum Dwell Times. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 Mandatory Appendices Appendix I Glossary of Terms for Liquid Penetrant Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128I-610

Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128I-620 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128I-630 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 8 Appendix II Control of Contaminants for Liquid Penetrant Examination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.1I I - 6 1 0 S c o p e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.1II-640 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.1II-641 Nickel Based Alloys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.1II-642 Austenitic Stainless Steel and Titanium. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.1II-643 Alternative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 8 . 2 121 A03

II-690 Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 8 . 2 Appendix III Qualication Techniques for Examinations at Nonstandard Temperatures. . . . . . . . . . 128.3I I I - 6 1 0 S c o p e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . 128.3III-630 Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.3III-640 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 8 . 3 III-641 Comparator Application. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.3 Figure III-630 Liquid Penetrant Comparator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.3

T-653 ARTICLE 6 LIQUID PENETRANT EXAMINATION T-673.2 TABLE T-672 MINIMUM DWELL TIMES Dwell Times[Note (1)] (minutes)M a t e r i a l F o r m T y p e o f D i s c o n t i n u i t y P e n e t r a n t D e v e l o p e r Aluminum, magnesium, steel, brass Castings and welds Cold shuts, porosity, lack of fusion, 5 10a n d b r o n z e , t i t a n i u m a n d h i g h c r a c k s ( a l l f o r m s ) temperature alloysW r o u g h t m a t e r i a l s e x t r u s i o n s , L a p s , c r a c k s ( a l l f o r m s ) 1 0 1 0 forgings, plateC a r b i d e - t i p p e d t o o l s L a c k o f f u s i o n , p o r o s i t y , c r a c k s 5 1 0 P l a s t i c A l l f o r m s C r a c k s 5 1 0 G l a s s A l l f o r m s C r a c k s 5 1 0 C e r a m i c A l l f o r m s

C 1

r 0

NOTE:(1) For temperature range from 50F to 125F (10C to 52C). T - 6 5 3 T e c h n i q u e s f o r N o n s t a n d a r d Temperatures When it is not practical to conduct a liquid penetrantexamination within the temperature range of 50F to1 2 5 F ( 1 0 C t o 5 2 C ) , t h e e x a m i n a t i o n p r o c e d u r e a t the proposed lower or higher temperature range requiresqualication of the penetrant materials and processingi n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h M a n d a t o r y A p p e n d i x I I I o f t hi s Article. T-654 Technique Restrictions Fluorescent penetrant examination shall not followa color contrast penetrant examination. Intermixing of penetrant materials from different families or differentm a n u f a c t u r e r s i s n o t p e r m i t t e d . A r e t e s t w i t h w a t e r washable penetrants may cause loss of marginal indica-tions due to contamination. T-660 CALIBRATION Light meters, both visible and uorescent (black)light meters, shall be calibrated at least once a yearor whenever the meter has b e e n r e p a i r e d . I f m e t e r s have not been in use for one year or more, calibrations h a l l b e d o n e b e f o r e b e i n g u s e d . T - 6 7 0 E X A M I N A T I O N T-671 Penetrant Application The penetrant may be applied by any suitable means,such as dipping, brushing, or spraying. If the penetrant 125 is applied by spraying using compressed-air-type appara-t u s , l t e r s s h a l l b e p l a c e d o n t h e u p s t r e a m s i d e n e a r the air inlet to preclude contamination of the penetrantby oil, water, dirt, or sediment that may have collectedi n t h e l i n e s . T-672 Penetration (Dwell) Time P e n e t r a t i o n ( d w e l l ) t i m e i s cr i t i c a l . T h e m i n i m u m p e n e t r a t i o n t i m e s h a l l b e a s r e q u i r e d i n T a b l e T - 6 7 2 or as qualied by demonstration for specic applications. T-673 Excess Penetrant Removal

A f t e r t h e s p e c i e d p e n e t r a t i o n ( d w e l l ) t i m e h a s elapsed, any penetrant remaining on the surface shallbe removed, taking care to minimize removal of pene-trant from discontinuities. T-673.1 Water-Washable Penetrants. Excess water-w a s h a b l e p e n e t r a n t s h a l l b e r e m o v e d w i t h a w a t e r s p r a y . T h e w a t e r p r e s s u r e s h a l l n o t e x c e e d 5 0 p s i (345 kPa), and the water temperature shall not exceed110F (43C). T-673.2 Postemulsication Penetrants (a) Lipophilic Emulsication. After the required pene-trant dwell time, the excess surface penetrant shall beemulsied by immersing or ooding the part with thee m u l s i e r . Emulsication time is dependent on thetype of emulsier and s u r f a c e c o n d i t i o n . T h e a c t u a l emulsication time shall be determined experimentally.After emulsication, the mixture shall be removed byimmersing in or rinsing with water. The temperature

T-673.2 2001 SECTION V T-676.3 a n d p r e s s u r e o f t h e w a t e r s h a l l b e a s r e c o m m e n d e d by the manufacturer. (b) Hydrophilic Emulsication. A f t e r t h e r e q u i r e d p e n e t r a n t d w e l l t i m e a n d p r i or t o e m u l s i c a t i o n , t h e p a r t s s h a l l b e pr e r i n s e d w i t h w a t e r s p r a y u s i n g t h e same process as for water-washable penetrants. Prerins-ing time shall not exceed 1 min. After prerinsing, theexcess surface penetrant shall be emulsied by immers-i n g i n o r s p r a y i n g w i t h h y d r o p h i l i c e m u l s i e r . B a t h concentration shall be as recommended by the manufac-turer. After emulsication, the mixture shall be removedby immersing in or rinsing with water. The temperaturea n d p r e s s u r e o f t h e w a t e r s h a l l b e a s r e c o m m e n d e d by the manufacturer. NOTE: Additional information may be obtained from SE-165. T-673.3 Solvent Removable Penetrants. Excess sol-vent removable penetrants shall be removed by wipingwith a cloth or absorbent paper, repeating the operationuntil most traces of penetrant have been removed. Ther e m a i n i n g t r a c e s s h a l l b e r e m o v e d by lightly wipingthe surface with cloth or absorbent paper m o i s t e n e d with solvent. To minimize removal of penetrant fromdiscontinuities, care shall be taken to avoid the use of excess solvent.

F l u s h i n g t h e s u r f a c e w i t h s o l v e n t , following the application of the penetrant and priorto developing, is prohibited.T - 6 7 4 D r y i n g A f t e r E x c e s s P e n e t r a n t Removal (a) For the water washable or post-emulsifying tech-nique, the surfaces may be dried by blotting with cleanm a t e r i a l s o r b y u s i n g c i r c u l a t i n g a i r , p r o v i d e d t h e t e m p e r a t u r e of t h e s u r f a c e i s n o t r a i s e d a b o v e 1 2 5 F (52C). (b) For the solvent removable technique, the surfacesmay be dried by normal evaporation, blotting, wiping,or forced air. T-675 Developing The developer shall be applied as soon as possibleafter penetrant r e m o v a l ; t h e t i m e i n t e r v a l s h a l l n o t exceed that established in the procedure. Insufcientc o a t i n g t h i c k n e s s m a y n o t d r a w t h e p e n e t r a n t o u t o f discontinuities; conversely, excessive coating thicknessmay mask indications.With color contrast penetrants, only a wet developers h a l l b e u s e d . W i t h u o r e s c e n t p e n e t r a n t s , a w e t o r dr y d e v e l o p e r m a y b e used. 126 T-675.1 Dry Developer Application. Dry developers h a l l b e a p p l i e d o n l y t o a d r y s u r f a c e b y a s o f t brush, hand powder bulb, powder gun, or other means,provided the powder is dusted evenly over the entiresurface being examined. T-675.2 Wet Developer Application. P r i o r t o applying suspension type wet developer to the surface,t h e d e v e l o p e r m u s t b e t h o r o u g h l y a g i t a t e d t o e n s u r e adequate dispersion of suspended particles. (a) Aqueous Developer Application. Aqueous devel-o p e r m a y b e a p p l i e d t o e i t h e r a w e t o r d r y s u r f a c e . I t s h a l l b e a p p l i e d b y d i p pi n g , b r u s h i n g , s p r a y i n g , o r other means, provided a thin coating is obtained overt h e e n t i r e s u r f a c e b e i n g e x a m i n e d . D r yi n g t i m e m a y be decreased by using warm air, provided the surfacet e m p e r a t u r e o f t h e p a r t i s n o t r a i s e d a b o v e 1 2 5 F (52C). Blotting is not permitted.

(b) Nonaqueous Developer Application. Nonaqueousd e v e l o p e r s h a l l b e a p p l i e d o n l y t o a d r y s u r f a c e . I t s h a l l b e a p p l i e d b y s p r a y i n g , e x c e p t w h e r e s a f e t y or r e s t r i c t e d access preclude it. Under such conditions,developer may be a p p l i e d b y b r u s h i n g . D r y i n g s h a l l be by normal evaporation. T-675.3 Developing time for nal interpretation be-gins immediately after the application of a dry developero r a s s o o n a s a w e t d e v e l o p e r c o a t i n g i s d r y . T h e minimum developing time shall be as required by TableT-672. T - 6 7 6 I n t e r p r e t a t i o n T-676.1 Final Interpretation. Final interpretationshall be made within 10 to 60 min after the requirementsof T675.3 are satised. If bleed-out does not alter thee x a m i n a t i o n r e s u l t s , l o n g e r p e r i o d s a r e p e r m i t t e d . I f the surface to be examined is large enough to precludecomplete examination within the prescribed or establ i s h e d t i m e , t h e e x a m i n a t i o n s h a l l b e p er f o r m e d i n increments. T-676.2 Characterizing Indication(s). T h e t y p e o f discontinuities are difcult to evaluate if the penetrantdiffuses excessively into the developer. If this conditionoccurs, close observation of the formation of indica-tion(s) during application of the developer may assisti n c h a r a c t e r i z i n g a n d d e t e r m i n i n g t h e e x t e n t of t h e indication(s). T-676.3 Color Contrast Penetrants. W i t h a c o l o r contrast penetrant, the developer forms a reasonablyuniform white coating. Surface discontinuities are indi-cated by bleed-out of the penetrant which is normally

T-676.3 ARTICLE 6 MANDATORY APPENDICES T-693 a deep red color that stains the developer. Indicationswith a light pink color may indicate excessive cleaning.Inadequate cleaning may leave an excessive backgroundmaking interpretation difcult. A minimum light inten-s i t y o f 1 0 0 f c ( 1 0 0 0 L x ) i s r e q u i r e d o n t h e s u r f a c e t o be examined to ensure adequate sensitivity during theexamination and evaluation of indications. The lightsource, technique used, and light level verication isrequired to be demonstrated one time, documented, andmaintained on le. T-676.4 Fluorescent Penetrants. With uorescentp e n e t r a n t s , t h e pr o c e s s i s e s s e n t i a l l y t h e s a m e a s i n T - 6 7 6 . 3 , w i t h t h e e x c e p t i o n t h a t t h e e x a m i n a t i o n i s performed using an ultraviolet light, called black light. The examination shall be performed as follows: (a) I t s h a l l b e p e r f o r m e d i n a d ar k e n e d ar e a . (b) T h e e x a m i n e r s h a l l b e i n t h e d ar k e n e d ar e a f o r a t l e a s t 5 m i n p r i o r t o p e r f o r m i n g t h e e x a m i n a t i o n t o enable his eyes to adapt to dark viewing. If the examinerwears glasses or lenses, they shall not be photosensitive. (c) The black light shall be allowed to warm up fora m i n i m u m o f 5 m i n p r i o r t o u s e o r m e a s u r e m e n t o f the intensity of the ultraviolet light emitted. Reectorsand lters should be checked and cleaned daily wheni n u s e . C r a c k e d o r b r o k e n l t e r s s h a l l b e r e p l a c e d immediately. (d) The black light intensity shall be measured witha b l a c k l i g ht m e t e r . A minimum of 1000 W/cm 2

onthe surface of the part being examined shall be required.T h e b l a c k l i g h t i n t e n s i t y s h a l l b e r e v e r i e d a t l e a s t once every 8 hr, whenever the work station is changed,o r w h e n e v e r t h e b u l b i s c h a n g e d . T-677 Post-examination Cleaning When post-examination cleaning is required by theprocedure, it should be conducted as soon as practicala f t e r E v a l u a t i o n a n d D o c u m e n t a t i o n u s i n g a p r o c e s s that does not adversely affect the part. 127 T-680 EVALUATION (a) All indications shall be evaluated in terms of theacceptance standards of the referencing Code Section. (b) Discontinuities at the surface will be indicatedby bleed-out of penetrant; however, localized surfaceirregularities due to machining marks or other surfaceconditions may produce false indications. (c) Broad areas of uorescence or pigmentationwhich could mask indications of discontinuities areu n a c c e p t a b l e , a n d s u c h a r e a s s h a l l b e c l e a n e d a n d reexamined. T-6 90 D OC UMEN TA TIO NT-691 Recording of I n d i c a t i o n s T-691.1 Nonrejectable Indications. Nonrejectableindications shall be recorded as specied by the referenc-ing Code Section. T-691.2 Rejectable Indications. Rejectable indica-t i o n s s h a l l b e r e c o r d e d . A s a m i n i m u m , t h e t y p e o f i n d i c a t i o n s ( l i n e a r or r o u n d e d ) , l o c a t i o n a n d e x t e n t (length or diameter or aligned) shall be recorded. T-692 Examination Records For each examination, the following information shallbe recorded: (a) procedure identication and revision; (b) liquid penetrant type (visible or uorescent); (c)

type (number or letter designation of each pene-trant, penetrant remover, emulsier, and developer used; (d) examination personnel identity and if requiredby referencing Code Section, qualication level; (e) m a p o r r e c o r d o f i n d i c a t i o n s p er T - 6 9 1 ; (f) material and thickness; (g) lighting equipment; and (h) date and time examinations were performed. T-693 Performance Demonstration Performance demonstration, when required by thereferencing Code Section, shall be doc II-642 2001 SECTION V II-690 s h a l l n o t e x c e e d 1 % b y w e i g h t . O r , a l t er n a t e l y , t h e residue shall be analyzed in accordance with SE-165,Annex 2 for chlorine and SE-165, Annex 3 for uorine,a n d t h e t o t a l c h l o r i n e p l u s u o r i n e c o n t e n t shall notexceed 1% by weight. II-643 Alternative As an alternative to II-641 and II-642 above, SE-1 6 5 , A n n e x A 4 may be used for determination of 128.2 anions by ion chromatography, which provides a singleinstrumental technique for rapid sequential measurementof common anions such as chloride, uoride, and sulfate. II-690 DOCUMENTATION Certications obtained on penetrant materials shallinclude the penetrant manufacturers batch numbers andt h e t e s t r e s u l t s o b t a i n e d i n a c c o r d a n c e

w i t h I I - 6 4 0 . T h e s e r e c o r d s s h a l l b e m a i n t a i n e d a s r e q ui r e d b y t h e referencing Code Section.

A R T I C L E 6 MANDATORY APPENDIX III A P P E N DI X I I I Q U A L I F I C A T I O N TECHNIQUES FOR EXAMINATIONSAT NONSTANDARD TEMPERATURES III-610 SCOPE When a liquid penetrant examination cannot be con-ducted within the standard temperature range of 50Fto 125F (10C to 52C), the temperature of the exami-n a t i o n s h a l l b e q u a l i e d i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h t h i s A p - pendix. III-630 MATERIALS A liquid penetrant comparator block shall be madeas follows. The liquid penetrant comparator blocks shallb e m a d e o f a l u m i n u m , A S T M B 2 0 9 , Type 2024, 3 8 in. (9.5 mm) thick, and should have approximate faced i m e n s i o n s o f 2 in. 3 in. (52 mm 7 6 m m ) . A t the center of each face, an area approximately 1 in. ( 2 5 m m ) i n d i a m e t e r s h a l l b e m a r k e d w i t h a 9 5 0 F (510C)

temperature-indicating crayon or paint. Themarked area shall be heated with a blowtorch, a Bunsenb u r n e r , or s i m i l a r d e v i c e t o a t e m p er a t u r e b e t w e e n 950F (510C) and 975F (524C). The specimen shallt h e n b e i m m e d i a t e l y q u e n c h e d i n c o l d w a t e r , w h i c h pr o d u c e s a n e t w o r k o f n e c r a c k s o n e a c h f a c e . The block shall then be dried by heating to approxi-mately 300F (149C). After cooling, the block shallb e c u t i n h a l f . O n e - h a l f o f t h e s p e c i m e n s h a l l b e designated block A a n d t h e o t h e r b l o c k B f o r identication in subsequent processing. Figure T-653.2illustrates the comparator blocks A and B. As ana l t e r n a t e t o c u t t i n g t h e b l o c k i n h a l f t o m a k e b l o c k s A a n d B, separate blocks 2 in. 3 in. (52 mm 76 mm) can be made using the heating and quenchingtechnique as described above. Two comparator blockswith closely matched crack patterns may be used. Theb l o c k s s h a l l b e m a r k e d A a n d B . 128.3 ABScribeline2 in.(51 mm) 3 in. ( 76 mm) 1 1 / 2 in. ( 3 8 mm) 1 1 / 2 in. ( 3 8 mm) 3 / 8 in.(10 mm) FIG. III-630 LIQUID PENETRANT COMPARATOR (NOTE: Dimensions given are for guidance only and arenot critical.)

I I I - 6 4 0 R E Q U I R E M E N T S III-641 Comparator A p p l i c a t i o n III-641.1 Temperature Less Than 50F (10C). If it is desired to qualify a liquid penetrant examinationpr o c e d u r e a t a t e m p e r a t u r e o f l e s s t h a n 5 0 F ( 1 0 C ) , the proposed procedure shall be applied to block Bafter the block and all materials have been cooled andheld at the proposed examination temperature until thecomparison is completed. A standard procedure whichhas previously been demonstrated as suitable for uses h a l l b e a p p l i e d t o b l o c k A i n t h e 5 0 F t o 1 2 5 F (10C to 52C) temperature range. The indications of cracks shall be compared between blocks A and B.If the indications obtained under the proposed conditions A03

III-641.1 2001 SECTION V III-641.3 o n b l o c k B a r e e s s e n t i a l l y t h e s a m e a s o b t a i n e d o n block A during examination at 50F to 125F (10Cto 52C), the proposed procedure shall be consideredqualied for use. A procedure qualied at a

temperaturel o w e r t h a n 5 0 F ( 1 0 C ) s h a l l b e q u a l i e d f r o m t h a t temperature to 50F (10C). III-641.2 Temperature Greater Than 125F (52C). If the proposed temperature for the examination isabove 125F ( 5 2 C ) , b l o c k B s h a l l b e h e l d a t t h i s temperature throughout the examination. The indicationsof cracks shall be compared as described in III641.1w h i l e b l o c k B i s a t t h e p r o p o s e d t e m p er a t u r e a n d b l o c k A i s a t t h e 5 0 F t o 1 2 5 F ( 1 0 C t o 5 2 C ) temperature range.To qualify a procedure for temperatures above 125F( 5 2 C ) , t h e u p p e r a n d l o w e r t e m p e r a t u r e l i m i t s s h a l l b e e s t a b l i s h e d a n d t h e pr o c e d u r e q u a l i e d a t t h e s e temperatures. [As an example, to qualify a procedurefor the temperature range 126F (52C) to 200F (93C), 128.4 the capability of a penetrant to reveal indications on thecomparator shall be demonstrated at both temperatures]. III-641.3 Alternate Techniques for Color ContrastPenetrants. As an alternate to the requirements of III-6 4 1 . 1 a n d I I I - 6 4 1 . 2 , w h e n u s i n g c o l o r c o n t r a s t p e n e - trants, it is permissible to use a single comparator block for the standard and nonstandard temperatures and tomake the comparison by photography. (a) W h e n t h e s i n g l e c o m p a r a t o r b l o c k a n d p h o t o- g r a p h i c t e c h n i q u e i s u s e d , t h e p r o c e s s i n g d e t a i l s ( a s applicable) described in III-641.1 and III-641.2 apply.T h e b l o c k s h a l l b e t h o r o u g h l y c l e a n e d b e t w e e n t h e two processing steps. Photographs shall be taken afterprocessing at the nonstandard temperature and then afterprocessing at the standard temperature. The indication of cracks shall be compared between the two photographs.T h e s a m e c r i t e r i a f o r q u a l i c a t i o n a s I I I - 6 4 1 . 1 s h a l l apply. (b) Identical photographic techniques shall be usedto make the comparison photographs.