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2010
No.4
CN11-5366/S
ISSN1673-1530

Interview with Bernard LASSUS

The World University Park in Xian

Remodeling Paradise Landscape Renovation Round West Lake Region in Hangzhou

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CN11-5366/S
ISSN1673-1530

80-402

BM1985


CNY 38
USD 30(airmail postage included)
EUR 25 (airmail postage included)
HKD 80

87 10/04

CONTENTS
Landscape
Architecture
Preface
Currents
People
012 Landscape should be Meaningful for All People
Interview with Bernard LASSUS, winner of the 2009 IFLA Sir Geoffrey Jellicoe Gold Medal for Life Achievement
By WANG Xiang-rong, ZHU Jian-ning and HE Fang
The World University Park in Xian
016 Introduction Creative Nature By Clare JACOBSON (US)
018 Projects Thickened Waterfront, Eco Plane; Eco-Time; Wind Poem; Weaving Nature; Pampas Traces;
Garden of Forking Paths; Sky Garden; Landscape Urban Interference; Scent Garden
Projects
038 Remodeling Paradise Landscape Renovation Round West Lake Region in Hangzhou
046 Shanghai Chenshan Botanic Garden
052 Lights City in the UBPA of EXPO Shanghai
056 Silves Castle Hillside
060 Urban Park in Vilablareix
066 Tel Aviv Port Regeneration
History
072 Flora of Landscape Thought (7) Gardens as Cultural Memory: The Eight Scenes of the Yuelu Academy
By WU Xin
Research
090 Preliminary Study on the Planning and Design of the Sub-health -Oriented Urban Green Open Space
By LIU Song ZHAN Ming-zhu and WEN Quan-ping
094 Thoughts on the Waterfront Landscape Controlling Strategy Landscape Planning for the Northern
Shoreline of Rizhao By REN Jing-yan and CHEN Wei
098 Theoretical Review on the Authenticity of the Planning of Small Tourist Towns in Minority Areas
By WANG Bin-shan
102 The Creation of Waterscape in the Ancient Villages in South Anhui Province
A Case Study of Xidi and Hong Village By Guo Wei and Hou Xiao-lei
106 New Slab Stone Moutain Courtyard in the High-rise Building By WU Zhao-zhao and CHU Yu-xia
110 The Attitude of Structure Thoughts on the Construction of the Pavilion of in the Serpentine Gallery
By FANG Li-xin
Art
114 Eco-Utopia China Park By WEN Hua
Perspective
118 Landscape & Technology
Journal Review

012
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046
052
056
060
066

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094 |
098 |
102 |
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110 |

114 |

118

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LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE 2010/04 2010 017 016 | |
The World University Park in Xi'an | |












` S|mon SCHAMA
` Landscape and Memory e
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2011
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- Pau| Tang
10000m
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2011 428 A 1022
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There |s someth|ng rather unnatura| about
humans |nteract|on w|th nature. From c|ear|ng
orests or agr| cu| ture, to damm| ng water or
e|ectr|c|ty, to ||||ng a|r w|th |ndustr|a| po||utants,
th|s |nteract|on has oten meant destruct|on. Even
when destruct|ve |ntervent|ons are rep|aced w|th
creat|ve ones, a d|sconnect|on rema|ns. Gardens
throughout the centur|esthe Pyoan-|| Zen Garden,
the Humb|e Adm|n|strators Garden, the Gardens o
\ersa|||es, Kew Gardens, Centra| Park, Park Gue||,
and the Getty Gardenw ere not des|gned as |ov|ng
tr|butes to ex|st|ng env|ronments but |nstead as
|aborator|es o |andscape theory, |dy|||c symbo|s
o the th|nk|ng o the|r t|mes. Nature becomes
unnatura| not on|y when |t |s phys|ca||y a|tered,
but a| so when | t | s menta| | y appropr| ated. As
S|mon SCHAMA wrote |n Landscape and Memory,
|andscapes are |nextr|cab|y t|ed to the myths we
assoc|ate w|th them. Mank|nd has been shaped by
nature as much as |t has shaped nature.
Creat|ve Nature accepts the unnatura| un|on
o nature and mank|nd as a bas|s or new garden
des|gn. lt ce|ebrates the poss|b|||t|es that human
|ntervent|on a||ows |n rede|n|ng our surround|ngs.
These pro|ects oer a var|ety o responses to
the ca|| or a creat|ve nature, show|ng the range
o contemporary |andscape d|scourse. Sub|ects
ound |n the work |nc|ude the connect|on and
d| sconnect| on o | and and water, the sensory
exper|ence o nature, reproduct|on o reg|ona|
|dent|ty, natures re|at|onsh|p to cu|ture, construct|on
as over|ay onto nature, natura| phenomena as orm-
mak|ng dev|ces, and eco|og|ca| susta|nab|||ty.
The Wor|d n|vers|ty Park |s des|gned or the
2011 X|an Wor|d Hort|cu|tura| Expos|t|on, whose
theme | s Eterna| Peace & Harmony between
Nature & Mank|nd. lt |s curated by Proessor Pau|
Tang, SC AAC Academ| c Coord| nator under
the d|rect|on o Dean Ma Q|nyun, n|vers|ty o
Southern Ca||orn|a, Schoo| o Arch|tecture.The
expo adm| n| strat| on set as| de 10,000 square
meters o manmade garden space or a X|an Wor|d
n|vers|ty Park to eature these des|gns rom ten
ma|or |nternat|ona| un|vers|t|es: the Arch|tectura|
Assoc| at| on, Co| umb| a n| vers| ty, Feng Ch| a
n|vers|ty, Hong Kong n|vers|ty, Pek|ng n|vers|ty,

Creative Nature
( )
Tex I b y C la re 1ACO BSO N ( U S)
n|vers|dad Torcuato D| Te||a, n|vers|ty o Ca||orn|a
Berke|ey, n|vers|ty o Sa|nt Joseph, n|vers|ty o
Southern Ca||orn|a, and n|vers|ty o Toronto.
A|| these pro|ects respond to the|r s|te |n the
anc|ent cap|ta| o Ch|na through reerences to
Ch|nese garden h|story, through responses to |oca|
s|te cond|t|ons and p|ant sources, and through
cu|tura| engagement o the v|s|tors.
The |andscape des|gns are current|y under
construct|on and are schedu|ed to open at the 2011
X|an Wor|d Hort|cu|tura| Expos|t|on on 28 Apr|| 2011.
The expos|t|on runs through 22 October 2011,
but these spec||c gardens w||| be permanent
|andscapes |n X|an. As representat|ves o a h|stor|ca|
moment |n |andscape arch|tectura| thought, Creat|ve
Nature may be d|scussed |n textbooks 100 years
rom now or orgotten 10 years rom now. But |ts
|deas w||| doubt|ess|y |ead to the next set o |deas
|n our ever-expand|ng understand|ng o mank|nds
re|at|onsh|p w|th nature.

21
- 120 ` A
e Kar|ssonw||ker
24 `

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Biography:
Clare JACOBSON |s a Shangha|-based des|gn wr|ter,
ed|tor, and curator. As an ed|tor at Pr|nceton Arch|tectura|
Press or 21 years, she or|g|nated, acqu|red, and deve|oped
more than 120 books on arch|tecture, graph|c des|gn,
|andscape arch|tecture, photography, and v|sua| cu|ture.
She co-authored Kar|ssonw||ker lnc.s Te|| Me Why: The F|rst
24 Months o a New York Des|gn Company and has wr|tten
art|c|es or Arch|tectura| Pecord and C|ty Weekend Home &
O|ce. She rece|ved a BS and BArch |n Arch|tecture rom
Penn State n|vers|ty.
01 02
01 10o
F|g.01 Map o the ten un|vers|t|es
02
F|g.02 Master p|an o the Wor|d n|vers|ty Park
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE 2010/04 2010 019 018 | |
The World University Park in Xi'an | |











Thickened Waterfront
Th|ckened Waterront takes advantage o |ts waters|de
s|te to exp|ore the |dea o the edge. An edge can be a str|ct
||ne, the po|nts where |and meets water. Here |nstead |t |s a
mu|t|d|mens|ona| p|ace where ||qu|d and so||d a|ternate to orm
a trans|t|ona| zone. Concrete and t|mber |nrastructure, |oat|ng
pontoons, |and and water p|ants, and water eatures |nc|ud|ng
ponds and a cana| b|ur the border between water and garden.
D|agona| construct|ons d|srupt the am|||ar hor|zonta| and vert|ca|
d|mens|ons o space and add to the overa|| |mprec|s|on. The
resu|t|ng garden a||ows or mu|t|p|e read|ngs and exper|ences,
encourag|ng the v|s|tor to part|c|pate |n deve|op|ng |ts mean|ng.
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Pro|ect Cred|t: Arch|tectura| Assoc|at|on, London, K
lnstructor: Eduardo PlCO
Team: Jorge AYALA, M|n Joo BAEK
Photo Cred|t: Arch|tectura| Assoc|at|on, London, K
01
F|g.01 Overa|| p|an
02
F|g.02 Context deve|opment
03 -
F|g.03 S|te water c|rcu|at|on
04 |
F|g.04 Sotscape
05
F|g.05 Edge sect|on d|agram
06
F|g.06 Perspect|ve v|ew
07
F|g.07 B|rds eye v|ew
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE 2010/04 2010 021 020 | |
The World University Park in Xi'an | |














o`
Landscape des|gn |s the |east stat|c k|nd o
des|gn, aected by da||y, seasona|, and annua|
events that aect |ts orm and message. H|stor|ca||y
des|gners have tr|ed to tame nature |nto |dea||zed
con|gurat|ons. Eco P|ane |nstead accepts the
vagar| es o | ts s| te as an | mportant vo| ce | n
|ts des|gn. Th|s |s ach|eved by construct|ng a
hab|tab|e p|atorm onto the waters|de s|te to create
a wet|and, one o the most b|o|og|ca||y d|verse
o a|| ecosystems. As the seasons change the
water advances and recedes onto th|s p|atorm,
creat|ng d|erent edge cond|t|ons. |t|mate|y, p|ant
||e and w||d||e, through constant adaptat|on and
mod||cat|on, w||| se|ze contro| o the pro|ect.
Pro|ect Cred|t: Co|umb|a n|vers|ty, New York, SA
lnstructor: Jerey JOHNSON
Team A|dan FLAHEPTY, Dan|| NAGY
Photo Cred|t: Co|umb|a n|vers|ty, New York, SA

Eco Plane
SECTION C
SECTION B
SECTION A
Littoral Zone
Trees, Shrubs & Grasses
Emergent Rushes & Reeds
Sedges
Herbaceous Semi-Aquatic
Submerged, Emergent & Floating
Herbaceous Aquatics
High Water Level
Low Water Level
Rush
Zone
Permanent Water Zone
01
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05
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F|g.01 Eco P|ane Conceptua| D|agram
02 `
F|g.02 Eco P|ane P|ant|ng P|an
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F|g.03 Eco P|ane Sect|ons
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F|g.04 Pender|ngs o Edge Cond|t|on \ar|at|ons
05
F|g.05 Sect|on o Eco Zones
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The World University Park in Xi'an | |

(
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Eco-Time
01 02
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o ( ` ` )
The deve|opment o Green Techno|ogy |n
the West has been centered on the reduc|ng the
em|ss|on o po||utants, wh|ch |s based on the concept
o contro|. l the cyc|es o Nature are taken |nto
cons|derat|on, we w||| |nd that the 24 So|ar Terms
created by our Ch|nese ancestors can prov|de an
a|ternat|ve so|ut|on.
Eco-T|me try to de|ne our s|te |n X| an
accord|ng to the concept o Sund|a|s and obta|n a
ser|es o patterns that represent the Order o T|me.
These patterns have two propert|es: shadow ang|es
and shadow |engths (|.e. tracks o shadow t|ps). The
art||c|a| |andscape that we transorm the geograph|c
coord|nates o the s|te |ocat|on |nto that o a t|me-
order coord|nate |s a vegetat|on eng|neer|ng eco|ogy
w|th grav|ty-ed dr|p |rr|gat|on and water recyc||ng
systems. Based on the d|spos|t|on o h|gh-dens|ty
equ|d|stant patterns, Eco-T|me, wh|ch |ntegrates So|ar
Terms, on-s|te env|ronmenta| ||m|tat|on, topography,
paths, vegeta| d|vers|ty, c||mat|c cond|t|ons and
unpred|ctab|||ty o v|s|tors behav|or, creates a
constant|y chang|ng m|croc||mate env|ronment to
enr|ch the v|s|tors exper|ences.
Pro|ect Cred|t: Feng Ch|a n|vers|ty, Ta|chung, Ta|wan, Ch|na
lnstructor: LEE Shwu-T|ng
Team: W Ch|h-Wen, W M|ng-Chung
Photo Cred|t: Feng Ch|a n|vers|ty, Ta|chung, Ta|wan, Ch|na

01 |
F|g.01 T|me order textures
02
F|g.02 Homogeneous d|spos|t|on o po|nts over the s|te
03-05
F|g.03-05 Der|ved tr|angu|ar and rhythm|c ob|ects
06 | u Au

F|g.06 The change o d|rect|on o each ob|ect |s ca|cu|ated accord|ng to

perpend|cu|ar|ty between seasona| textures and the|r ad|acent ob|ects.
07-10
F|g.07-10 New rhythm|c patterns
(y|ng)
Shadow: Pevo|ut|on o T|me Order.-Ec||pt|c
(y|n)
Gu|de: Be|ng gu|ded by the search o a path.-Phythm
(y|n)
H|de: H|d|ng |n the greenery.-Nature
(y|n)o
Dr|nk: Dr|nk|ng the water wh||e th|nk|ng o |ts source.-Da P|ver
03 04
07
08
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LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE 2010/04 2010 025 024 | |
The World University Park in Xi'an | |
Can a garden represent the ee||ng o an
urban env|ronment? W|nd Poem |s des|gned
to do |ust that to re-create the dynam|sm o
Hong Kong. The c|tys constant |ow o energy |s
expressed as the constant mot|on o the w|nd.
The w|nd turb|nes are act|ve day and n|ght, ||ke
the c|ty |tse|. The des|gn |nc|udes both p|aces
to she|ter rom the w|nd and p|aces to ee| |ts
u|| orce. F|re|y ||ghts m|m|c the ||ghts o Hong
Kong streets, wh||e texts carved |nto the s|des o
benches appear ||ke s|gns a|ong the path.
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Wind Poem
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Pro|ect Cred|t: Hong Kong n|vers|ty, Hong Kong, Ch|na
lnstructor: Matthew PPYOP
Team: S|ss| XlE, August|ne LAM
Photo Cred|t: Hong Kong n|vers|ty, Hong Kong, Ch|na
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE 2010/04 2010 027 026 | |
The World University Park in Xi'an | |













o`

Weaving Nature
\|s|tors common|y exper|ence gardens by
wa|k|ng on them or wa|k|ng around them. Weav|ng
Nature | ntroduces a th| rd way o | nteract| ng.
lts des|gners |x a mu|t|unct|ona| net onto the
|andscape to orm a |ayer between the p|ants
and the|r v|s|tors. The net produces a surace that
carr|es peop|e on top o |t, ||ght|ng structures be|ow
|t, and p|ants runn|ng through |t. By us|ng nets w|th
d|erent mesh gr|ds, the des|gners a||ow or var|ous
unct|ons, |nc|ud|ng rest|ng areas, wa|k|ng paths,
and recreat|on zones. The net produces m|n|ma|
d|sturbance to the s|te, a||ow|ng |ts natura| cond|t|on
to thr|ve.
Pro|ect Cred|t: Pek|ng n|vers|ty, Be|||ng, Ch|na
lnstructor: HAN X|-||
Team: T Y|, WANG Dong
Photo Cred|t: Pek|ng n|vers|ty, Be|||ng, Ch|na
01 02
03
04
05 06
07
01
F|g.01 master p|an
02
F|g.02 Net p|an
03 Ao
F|g.03 So|| depth o |nvas|on
p|ants
04
F|g.04 water ce||ar p|ants
05
F|g.05 \egetat|on p|an
06 `A
F|g.06 Construct|on Ser|es
07
F|g.07 Sect|on
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE 2010/04 2010 029 028 | |
The World University Park in Xi'an | |









Pampas Traces
The Pampas, Argent|na s expans|ve ert||e
|ow|ands, may seem comp|ete|y d|vorced rom the
gardens o Ch|na. But what both share |s the |mage
they rad|ate to the peop|e who know them |mages
based more on memory than on any prec| se
read|ng o the p|aces. Pampas Traces attempts
to re-create the sense o the Pampas |n the new
phys|ca|, geograph|ca|, and cu|tura| s|tuat|on o
X|an. Here the ee||ng o wa|k|ng through sh|n|ng
wheat |e|ds |s reproduced w|th w|nd|ng paths
throughta|| |oca| p|ants ||t w|th ta|| |ber opt|c ||ghts
that sway |n the breeze.
Pro|ect Cred|t: n|vers|dad Torcuato D| Te||a, Buenos A|res,
Argent|na
lnstructor: Serg|o FOPSTEP
Team: S||vestre BOPGATELLO, Car|os MAXlMlLlANO,
Posas APPAlANO
Photo Cred|t: n|vers|dad Torcuato D| Te||a, Buenos A|res,
Argent|na
o o
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LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE 2010/04 2010 031 030 | |
The World University Park in Xi'an | |











Garden of Forking
Paths
Some gardens set v|s|tors on a s|ng|e path on a prescr|bed route
past a ser|es o s|tes. The Garden o Fork|ng Paths oers a d|erent
approach, a||ow|ng v|s|tors to choose rom many paths and, thereore,
many exper|ences. \|s|tors and water enter the s|te at one po|nt. The
water and the path then branch, and branch aga|n, sh|t|ng |n both
hor|zonta| and vert|ca| space, unt|| arr|v|ng at mu|t|p|e dest|nat|ons.
\|s|tors can use any sequence or comb|nat|on o paths that they ||ke.
ln th|s way the garden acknow|edges that |n the contemporary wor|d,
cho|ces, routes, reversa|s, and capr|ces are not so s|mp|e and d|rect.
The garden |s an a||egory or ||e.
01
02
03
04
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Pro|ect Cred|t: n|vers|ty o Ca||orn|a Berke|ey, Berke|ey, SA
lnstructor: Kar| KLLMANN
Team: Eustac|a BPOSSAPT, Amber D. NELSON
Photo Cred|t: n|vers|ty o Ca||orn|a Berke|ey, Berke|ey, SA
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE 2010/04 2010 033 032 | |
The World University Park in Xi'an | |











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Sky Garden
01
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05
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Gardens oten represent an |dea| v|s|on o
nature. Sky Garden demonstrates a utur|st v|s|on o
nature, acknow|edg|ng that des|gn does not mere|y
re|ect cu|ture but a|so serves to shape |t. lt reracts
cu|tura| and eco|og|ca| assoc|at|ons w|th the sky to
comment on our comp||cated perspect|ve o nature.
lts three key eatures so|ar atr|um, re|ect|on
garden, and c|oud she|ter reerence three bas|c
re|at|onsh|ps that humans have w|th the skyd|rect
connect|on, re|ect|on, and she|ter. Sky Garden
a||ows v|s|tors to get |ost |n the sky and to ee| the
|mp||cat|ons o the|r current tra|ectory, and thus to
a|ter |t.
Pro|ect Cred|t: n|vers|ty o Southern Ca||orn|a, Los
Ange|es, SA
lnstructor: A|exander POBlNSON
Team: X Bo-hua, WANG Pu|
Photo Cred|t: n|vers|ty o Southern Ca||orn|a, Los Ange|es,
SA
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE 2010/04 2010 035 034 | |
The World University Park in Xi'an | |

Landscape
Urban
Interference
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Over the course o s|x centur|es, Macau has
transormed rom an |s|and commun|ty dependent
on the natura| resources o |ts |and and water to a
g|oba| commun|ty detached rom |ts env|ronment.
The |sh|ng v|||ages, st||t houses, and e|evated
wa|kways that |dent||ed Macau |n the past have
been rep|aced w|th the h|gh-r|se cas|nos and
hote| comp|exes that dom|nate now. Landscape
rban lntererence re|ects on th|s human|zat|on o
natura| env|ronments through an abstract pattern
o |andscape des|gns. E|evated bamboo wa|kways
d| rect v| s| tors through the s| te and reerence
structures once common |n Macau cu|ture. These
br|dges are a|so metaphors o Macau s po||t|ca|,
geograph|ca|, and cu|tura| t|es to the ma|n|and
Pro|ect Cred|t: n|vers|ty o Sa|nt Joseph, Macau, Ch|na
lnstructor: F|||pe BPAGANCA
Team: Manue| COPPElA, Nuno SOAPES, N|ge| GODDEN,
Yves SONOLET
Photo Cred|t: n|vers|ty o Sa|nt Joseph, Macau, Ch|na
01
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03
04
05
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LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE 2010/04 2010 037 036 | |
The World University Park in Xi'an | |
Motion Sensor
Electronics Package
Electric Fan
Essential Oil Vial
High Intensity LED Lamp
Wind Annemometer









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Scent Garden
Scent Garden de||ghts a|| the senses wh||e
avor| ng sme| | . l ts terraced p| ne groves and
beds o rosemary and thyme bu||d and susta|n a
un|que o|actory wor|d. The |oca| con|ers create
an o|actory, v|sua|, and tact||e connect|on to X|an.
Scent po|es encas|ng p|ant extracts comp|ement
these sme||s w|th exot|c accents evok|ng other
| oca| es to create an o| actory map o Ch| na.
Together the scents marry nature w|th art||ce.
Scent Garden |s both spectacu|ar and |nt|mate.
lts conste||at|on o g|ow|ng scent po|es create an
|con|c |mage that denotes the garden as a pub||c
space, wh||e |ts nuanced sensory read|ngs prov|de
she|tered and |nd|v|dua| exper|ences.
Pro|ect Cred|t: n|vers|ty o Toronto, Toronto, Canada
lnstructor: Podo|phe e|-KHOPY
Team: Drew ADAMS, James DlXON, Fad| MASOD
Photo Cred|t: n|vers|ty o Toronto, Toronto, Canada
01
02
03
04
05
06
01
F|g.01 S|te P|an
02
F|g.02 Exp|oded Axonometr|c
03 A`
F|g.03 \|ew rom Terraced Con|er Grove toward P|aza
04 `
F|g.04 \|ew rom P|aza toward Garden Pav|||on
05
F|g.05 Scent Po|e Components / Schemat|cs
06
F|g.06 S|te Sect|on