Np MaE ht 1996

This material is confidential until the end of March 1997

Directions
Test period Test time Resources Test material Dec 6 - 18 1996. 240 minutes without a break. Calculator (not symbolic computation) and table of formulas. The test material should be handed in together with your solutions. Write your name, gymnasium programme/adult education and date of birth on all the papers you hand in. Test The test is made up of 14 problems. Most of the problems are of the long-answer type. With these problems, it is not enough to give a short answer, it requires that you write down what you do that you explain your train of thought that you draw figures when needed that you show how you use your calculator in numerical and graphical problem solving. For some exercises, (where it says Only an answer is required) only the answer needs to be given. Try all of the problems. It can be relatively easy, even towards the end of the test, to earn some points for a partial solution or presentation.

The grading levels

The teacher responsible will explain the grade levels which are required for Passed and Passed with Distinction. On the test one can attain a maximum of 57 points.

Np MaE ht 1996

1.

Find the values or expressions for A, B, C and D in the table. Only an answer is required. z 1+i 2i arg z z
z

(4 p)

A B D
3 + 3i

2.

Write in polar form the complex number z = 4 + 4 3 i

(3p)

3.

The number of young white-tailed eagles on the Swedish east-coast has shown a tremendous increase since 1985. The number of young eagles y is given by the differential equation dy = 0.17 y , y(0) = 19 dt where t is the time in years after 1985.

a)

Find how many young eagles one expects there to be on the Swedish eastcoast in 1995, according to the model. (3p) What does the expressions above tell you about the number of young eagles? (2p)

b)

Np MaE ht 1996

4.

a) b)

Solve the initial-value problem y - 8 y = 0,

y ( 0) = 10

(2p)

Find the general solution of the following differential equation

y + 4 y + 13y = 0

(2p)

5.

Find the real number t such that z = (1 + t )(1 + i) t (1 2 i ) is real.

(3p)

6.

In a brake-test, the speed of a car is measured every other second. The results are presented in the table and diagram below. Time in seconds Speed in m/s
v
ms

0 18.0

2 11.14

4 6.89

6 4.26

8 2.64

10 1.47

12 1.01

14 0.70

18.0 16.0 14.0 12.0 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0

a)

Find how far the car has gone during the first 10 seconds of the test.

(2p)

b)

The speed of the car is modelled by the equation v(t ) = 18 e 0.24 t . Find an expression for how far the car has gone during the first 10 seconds of the test. Using this expression, calculate the distance the car has gone during this time. (3p)

Np MaE ht 1996

7.

Describe the change in argument and modulus of a complex number z when it is 1 multiplied by i (2p) 2 Im z
z r
Re z

8.

A function y = f ( x) satisfies the differential equation y + 7 y + 10 y = 0 . Also, y(0) = 0 and y (0) = 3 . Determine y.

(4p)

9.

A plastic box without a lid has a square bottom made of thick plastic which costs 2.00 kr/m2. Thinner plastic which costs 0.90 kr/m2 is used for the four other faces of the box. The box has a volume of 0.020 m3. Find the dimensions of the box which minimizes the cost of material. (4p)

10.

The complex number z = 12i is a root of the equation z 2 + az + b = 0 , where a and b are both real. Find the values of a and b. (3p)

Np MaE ht 1996

11.

The concentration of carbondioxide in the atmosphere is known to be increasing. This is partly due to the burning of fossil fuels. Before the era of industrialisation, the concentration of carbondioxide was 280 ppm (parts per million). In 1960 it was 310 ppm and has since increased at a rate of 0.40% per year. a) Write down a differential equation describing the carbondioxide concentration y(x) ppm at time x years after 1960. (2p) Some scientists believe a doubling of the pre-industrial value of 280 ppm will result in an increase in the average temperature of the earths surface between 2 - 5 C. Will this doubling occur during the next century? (2p) The result in b) is based on a mathematical model for the concentration of carbondioxide in the atmosphere. What arguments can you give against using the model for this purpose? (1p)

b)

c)

12.

Find a function g ( x ) , such that

g( x) dx = 5
1

and g (0) = 2 .

(3p)

Np MaE ht 1996

13.

a)

Describe in your own words and with the help of a figure, a numerical method for solving first-order differential equations. (4p) Use the method you have described to find an approximate value for y(2), dy given that = 2 y and y(1) = 2 . Use a step length equal to 0.5. (2p) dx

b)

14.

A scented sphere having the volume 3.0 cm3 is used to give a room a pleasant smell. The material in the sphere evaporates gradually and the volume decreases in a way that the rate of decrease is proportional to the area of the sphere. In one month, the volume has decreased to 2.0 cm3. a) Show that the rate of change for the radius r measured in cm is where k is a constant. b) Calculate the volume of the sphere after 4 months. dr =k, dt (3p) (3p)