Professional Documents
Culture Documents
IGN!~N,,/START
r-~~ ";:: TERMINAL CONNECTOR
PRIMARY RESISTANCE WIRE
SPARK PLUG
secondary circuit can be caused by:
1. Fouled or improperly adjusted
spark plugs.
IGNmONSWITC~ ~ : 6 . 2. Defective high tension wiring.
dATTER'
.
.
3. High tension leakage across the
.
.
coil, distributor cap or rotor result-
.
. ing from an accumulation of dirt.
QUICK
I To isolate a trouble in the second-
ary circuit, proceed as follows:
DISCONNECT Turn the ignition switch off and
RELAY
-COil ~, remove the auxiliary starter switch
from the starter relay.
Install the coil high tension lead in
the distributor cap, the red and blue
+ wire on the starter relay S terminal
and the brown wire on the starter re-
-
.
lay I terminal.
Now perform a secondary circuit
BATTERY
test.
~
- PRIMARYCIRCUIT
SECONDARY CIRCUIT "
~
DISTRIBUTOR
B1OOO.G
PRIMARY CIRCUIT TESTS
A complete test of the primary cir-
cuit consists of checking the circuit
from the battery to the coil, the cir-
FIG. 2-Typical Ignition System (i 'cuit cuit from the coil to ground, and the
starting ignition circuit.
4. High tension wires. the red and blue wire from the start- Excessive voltage drop in the pri-
s. Spark plugs. er relay S terminal. mary circuit will reduce the second-
When the breaker points are 2. Remove the coil high tension ary output of the ignition coil, result-
closed, the primary or low voltage lead from the distributor cap. ing in hard starting and poor per-
current flows from the battery 3. Turn on the ignition switch. formance.
through the ignition switch to the 4. While holding the high tension
primary windings in the coil, then to lead approximately 3/16inch from the Battery to Coil Test
ground through the closed breaker cylinder head or any other good 1. Connect the voltmeter leads as
points. When the breaker points ground, crank the engine by using an shown in Fig. 3.
open, the magnetic field built up in auxiliary starter switch between the 2. Install a jumper wire from the
the primary windings of the coil starter relay battery and S terminals. distributor terminal of the coil to a
moves through the secondary wind- If the spark is good, the trouble good ground on the distributor hous-
ings of the coil producing high volt- lies in the secondary circuit. ing.
age current. High voltage current is If there is no spark or a weak
produced each time the breaker spark, the trouble is in the primary
points open. The high voltage flows circuit, coil to distributor high ten-
through the coil high tension lead to sion lead, or the coil.
the distributor cap where the rotor ~
Primary Circuit
distributes it to one of the spark plug
terminals in the distributor cap. This
process is repeated for every power
stroke of the engine.
A breakdown or energy loss in the
primary circuit can be caused by:
1. Defective primary wiring, or
loose or corroded terminals.
~*L
'0'""'" ,e,,"",
,e"" , ,
.
3. Turn the lights and accessories 2. Install a jumper wire from the
off. distributor terminal of the coil to a
4. Turn the ignition switch on. good ground on the distributor body.
5. If the voltmeter reading is 6.9 3. Turn all of the accessories and
volts or less, the primary circuit lights off.
from the battery to the coil is satis- 4. Turn the ignition switch on.
factory. 5. If the voltmeter reading is 0.3
6. If the voltmeter reading is volt or less, the ignition switch and
greater than 6.9 volts, check the fol- the relay to switch wire are satisfac-
lowing: tory.
The battery and cables for loose 6. If the voltmeter reading is
connections or corrosion. greater than 0.3 volt, either the ig-
The primary wiring for worn insu- nition switch and/or the wire are de-
lation, broken strands, and loose or fective.
corroded terminals. Resistance Wire Test
The resistance wire for defects.
The starter relay to ignition switch 1. Connect the voltmeter leads as
for defects. shown in Fig. 5.
RE-881 Tester
1. Turn the RPM selector to the
800 position.
1. Depress the ADVANCE TIM-
ING pushbutton.
3. Start the engine and allow it to
warm up.
4. Operate the engine at the speci-
fied idle rpm.
5. Point the timing light toward
the timing pointer and turn the AD-
VANCE control until the TDC mark
ffi lines up with the pointer. The IGNI-
TION ADVANCE scale of the
VOLTS meter will indicate the ini-
tial timing. If the initial timing is in-
correct, loosen the distributor hold-
down bolt and rotate the distributor
until the desired timing is obtained.
Tighten the distributor hold-down
bolt and check the timing again in
case the timing changed while the
distributor hold-down bolt was being
tightened.
Red
6. Connect the distributor vacuum
line (if so equipped).
Slack (GND
7. Turn the RPM switch to the
DISTRIBUTO
~ ' 8000 position and adjust the engine
L~ speed to 2000 rpm.
TERMINAL
TO BATTERY
\. G.reen ENGINE
8. Point the timing light toward
BLOCK the timing pointer and turn the AD-
VANCE control until the TDC mark
lines up with the pointer. The IGNI-
tJ TION ADVANCE scale of the
VOLTS meter will indicate the total
ignition advance for 2000 rpm. The
-.-/ total ignition advance should be the
'---' NO.1 SPARK~UG V- sum of the initial ignition timing,
81991-C twice the centrifugal advance at 1000
distributor rpm and twice the maxi-
FIG. 7 -Rotunda RE.27.55 Test Connections mum vacuum advance. If it isn't, the
distributor advance should be
or for burned or pitted points. RE-27-55 Tester checked on a distributor tester.
6. Connect the high tension wire 1. Start the engine and allow it to
to the distributor. warm up. PRIMARY CIRCUIT
7. Turn the ignition switch OFF 2. Turn the TEST SELECTOR to SUPERIMPOSED PA TfERN
and turn the VOLTS switch to the the TIMING LIGHT position. This pattern shows the individual
20V position. 3. Operate the engine at the spec- firing patterns as seen by the primary
8. Remove the auxiliary starter circuit. The individual firing patterns
ified idle rpm and point the timing
switch from the starter relay and are superimposed to give the appear-
light toward the pointer. The desired
connectthe brown wire and the red ance of one firing pattern.
timing mark should line up with the
and blue wire to the starter relay. The primary circuit superimposed
pointer. If it doesn't, loosen the dis-
tributor hold-down bolt and rotate pattern will indicate incorrect battery
IGNITION TIMING polarity, incorrect dwell angle, ex-
the distributor until the mark lines up
The following procedure checks cessive primary circuit resistance,
with the pointer. Now tighten the
the initial ignition timing and the ig- partially shorted condenser, uneven
hold down bolt and check the timing
nition advance mechanism. distributor cam lobes, bent distri-
again in case the timing changed
Section 2 of this part gives the ig- butor shaft or worn distributor bush-
while the distributor hold-down bolt
nition timing mark locations. ings.
was being tightened.
Disconnect the distributor vacuum
line (if so equipped). Clean and mark 4. Connect the distributor vacuum Procedure
the desired timing mark if using the line (if so equipped).
RE-27-55 tester or the TDC timing 5. With the timing light pointed RE-27-55 Tester
mark if using the RE-881 tester. towards the timing marks, accelerate 1. With the engine running at
time, which is cam angle or dwell
- + time. At D, the points again open
"-8 "'" ..".e ", and the firing cycle repeats.
If points A and C are below the 0
line, the battery polarity is incorrect.
This could be caused by a battery that
is either installed incorrectly or im-
properly charged, causing a polarity
reversal.
If the firing line is not below the
,Red
0 horizontal line and there are no
SHUNT
~ ':0;'~ oscillations at point C, there is an
open circuit at the coil high tension
tower. This could be caused by a
broken wire inside the coil tower, or
Black
Green a broken center contact on the dis-
tributor rotor.
~ If the dwell time is too long or
short, the breaker points are incor-
BATTERY BATTERY rectly set (the larger the gap, the
CABLE
smaller the dwell).
,TERMINAL- If point A is at a reduced height,
'. . \'1
DIST~1JTDR
and the distance to B is short or non-
\iTERYPOST AOAPTER
existent, there is a high resistance in
the coil primary circuit. This could
~ 62280.6
be caused by a fouled plug, defective
FIG. a-Rotunda RE-881 Test Connections ignition switch, or a bad wire or con-
nection. If the scope pattern is still
1000 rpm, turn the TEST SELEC- scopescreen. the same after the above ignition
TOR switch to the PRI. position. 4. Adjust the EXPAND control so parts have been checked and proven
2. Adjust the PARADE control to that the right end of the pattern is at satisfactory, run the 15 KV test to
position the left end of the pattern at the 6-cyl 0° dwell mark on the scope check for a gasket leak or a lean fuel
the 6-cyl 60° dwell mark on the screen. mixture.
scope screen. If point A is at a greatly reduced
3. Adjust the EXPAND control Results height and there are no oscillations
so that the right end of the pattern is A normal test pattern is shown in at point B, the condenser is partially
at the 6 cyl 0° dwell mark on the Fig. 9. Point A indicates the spark shorted.
scopescreen. plug line which is the time when the If there is a variation of more than
points open. At B, the coil energy is 30 at point C, the cam lobes are un-
RE-881Tester used up sufficiently so that the plug even, the distributor shaft is bent, or
1. Turn the RPM selectorto the no longer fires and only the energy the distributor bushings are worn.
1600 rpm position. Start the engine stored in the breaker point condenser
and adjust it to 1000 rpm. remains. The coil/ condenser oscilla- SECONDARY CIRCUIT
2. Depressthe PRI. pushbuttonon tion which is indicated in the pattern SUPERIMPOSED PA TfERN
the consolepanel. between Band C is completely used This pattern shows the individual
3. Adjust the PARADE control to up at C which is the points close firing patterns as seen by the second-
position the left end of the pattern mark. The portion of the pattern be- ary circuit. The individual firing pat-
at the 6-cyl 60° dwell mark on the tween C and D is the points close terns are superimposed to give the
appearance of one firing pattern. ations in the plug gap, distributor the distributor cap terminal or a
The secondary circuit superim- rotor gap and slight differences in the spark plug wire, shorted or improper-
posed pattern will indicate arcing resistance of the individual spark plug ly adjusted spark plugs, partially
breaker points, defective coil or coil circuits. shorted coil primary windings or an
high tension wire, excessiveresistance The pattern area between points incorrect idle fuel mixture.
in the distributor cap, rotor, second- C and D shows the coil/condenser
ary wiring or spark plugs or a loose oscillations to be correct. No point Procedure
connection in the primary circuit. bounce at D indicates correct break-
RE-27-55 Tester
The ignition system, as seen by the er point spring tension.
The few so-called damped oscilla- 1. With the engine operating at
secondary circuit, can be further
tions appearing at D are normal and 1000 rpm, turn the test selector
checked by checking the 15 KV and
are caused by the surge of current switch to the 15 KV position.
30KV patterns. 2. Adjust the PARADE control
through the coil primary winding
Procedure when the breaker points first close. so that the left end of the pattern is
This current levels off and de- at the 6-cyl 60° dwell mark on the
RE-27-55Tester scope screen.
creases slightly toward the points
1. With the engine running at 3. Adjust the EXPAND control
open position at E as indicated by the
lOOO rpm, turn the TEST SELEC- so that the right end of the pattern is
slight downward slope of the curve
TOR switch to the SEC. position. at the 6-cyl 0° dwell mark on the
at about the 8-cyl 15° mark on the
2. Adjust the PARADE control scope screen (Fig. 11).
cam angle scale.
so that the left end of the pattern is To observe the coil/ condenser os-
at the 6-cyl 60° dwell mark on the cillations and the damped oscillations
scope screen. at D in the greater detail, adjust the
3. Adjust the EXPAND control so expand control so that the pattern
that the right end of the pattern is at area between points C and D nearly
the 6-cyl 0° dwell mark on the scope fills the screen.
screen. If there is erratic action at points
RE-881 Tester. The procedure is C and D, and there is a blotch above
the same as the procedure for the point E, the breaker points are
primary (superimposed) except, the burned or badly pitted.
SEC. pushbutton is depressedinstead If there are no condenser oscilla-
of the PRI. pushbutton. tions between C and D and no
damped oscillations at point D, there
Results B1996-A
are shorted primary windings in the
A normal test pattern is shown in coil.
Fig. 10. FIG. 11-Normal Secondary
If the line at B is sloping down-
ward greatly from A to C (resistor Circuit 15 KV Paltern
plugs will cause a slight slope), there RE-881 Tester
is a high resistance in the spark plug 1. With the RPM selector at the
wires, distributor cap or rotor. If 1600 position and the engine oper-
the line at B is sloping upward, there ating at 1000 rpm, depress the 15
is a high resistance in the spark plugs. KV pushbutton.
If some of the firing patterns are cor- 2. Adjust the PARADE control so
rect and others are sloping incorrect- that the left end of the pattern is at
ly, perform a 15 KV pattern check the 6-cyl 60° dwell mark on the
to find out which cylinder has the de- scope screen.
fective part. 3. Adjust the EXPAND control
If the dwell line between points D so that the right end of the pattern is
and E is not the smooth line shown, at the 6-cyl 0° dwell mark on the
. . B1995-A there is a loose connection in the pri- scope screen (Fig. 11).
mary circuit. Check the primary cir-
FIG. 1 a-Normal Superimposed cuit for loose connections, damaged Results
wires or a defective starter switch. A normal eight cylinder engine 15
Secondary Circuit Pattern
KV pattern is shown in Fig. 11. The
Point A is the points open time. SECONDARY CIRCUIT 15 KV six cylinder pattern would have six
The height of the pattern at point A PA TfERN similar images. The spark plug line
indicates the high tension voltage re- This pattern shows the individual (A) for the No.1 spark plug is on
quired to overcome the spark plug firing patterns as seen by the second- the extreme right hand side of the
gap resistance. ary circuit. The individual firing pat- screen. The remainder of the No.1
Point B is the plug firing line. No- terns are paraded from left to right firing pattern is on the left side of the
tice that this portion of the pattern is in order of firing order. screen. The remainder of the pat-
quite thick. Remember that this pat- The secondary circuit 15 KV pat- terns are shown from left to right in
tern is actually 6 or 8 firing patterns tern will indicate weak breaker point their firing order.
superimposed one on top of the oth- spring tension, improper breaker With the exception of the No.1
er. This increase in thickness of the point contact, incorrect condenser spark plug line (which should be
pattern at B is caused by slight vari- capacitance, excessive resistance in shorter than the others), the patterns
9-8 GROUP 9 IGNITIONSYSTEM
should be similar. If one of the pat- spark plug wire at the spark plug. If
terns differs from the others, adjust a plug firing line shows up on the
the expand and parade controls until scope for that cylinder, check the
that pattern fills the screen in the plug wire, rotor and distributor cap
same manner as in the secondary for bad insulation.
test (Fig. 10).
The following list of symptoms will DYNAMIC COMPRESSION
refer to Fig. 10. TEST-RE-881 TESTER
If there is a fluctuation at point C,
the points may have incorrect spring Procedure
tension. 1. Turn the RPM selector to the
The condenser oscillation signal 1600 position and depress the DY-
from C to D should diminish to a NAMIC COMPRESSION pushbut-
straight line at D. If it doesn't, the ton.
condenser capacitance is incorrect. 2. Adjust the engine to 1500 rpm.
If the points open line (A) is 3. Adjust the EXPAND and PA-
higher than the rest and the plug fir- RADE controls so that the six pat-
1600 position and the engine oper-
ing line (B) is sloped downward at terns (6-cyl) or eight patterns (8-
ating at 600 rpm, depress the 30 KV
an unusually large slope, there is ex- cyl) fill the scope screen dwell range.
cessive resistance in the high tension pushbutton.
2. Adjust the PARADE control so 4. Press and turn the BALANCE
wire to that cylinder or in the distri- TO LINE control to position the
butor cap. that the 6-cyl 60° dwell mark on
the scope screen. needle on the DYNAMIC COM-
If the points open line (A) is low
3. Adjust the EXPAND control PRESSION scale at the 0 mark.
and the firing line (B) is long and
so that the right end of the pattern is 5. The pattern indication as shown
nearly straight, the spark plug is
at the 6-cyl 0° dwell mark on the at 5 in Fig. 13 will appear at point A.
shorted out.
If the points open line (A) is low scope screen (Fig. 12). 6. Turn the CYLINDER SELEC-
and the firing line (B) is long and TOR control clockwise from its OFF
wide, the spark plug gap is out of Results position. As the switch is turned
A normal eight cylinder engine 30 clockwise, the pattern indication will
adjustment.
If there are no oscillations at KV pattern is shown in Fig. 12. The move to the right across the scope.
points C or D, the coil primary wind- six cylinder pattern would have six 7. When the pattern indication
ings are partially shorted. similar images. The spark plug line passes through the firing pattern for
If all of the points open lines (A) (A) for the No.1 spark plug is on cylinder number 5, the plug firing
are at varied heights, check the idle the extreme right hand side of the line will disappear (Fig. 13) and the
adjustment of the carburetor (al- screen. The remainder of the No.1 engine will miss on the number 5 cyl-
ways adjust the idle mixture on the firing pattern is on the left side of the inder.
rich side). screen. The remainder of the pat- 8. Observe the dynamic compres-
terns are shown from left to right in sion meter reading for the number 5
SECONDARY CIRCUIT 30 KV their firing order. cylinder.
PATTERN Notice the average height of the 9. Continue to rotate the CYL-
This pattern is like the 15 KV pat- solid part of the points open line. In- INDER SELECTOR control to du-
tern with the exception of the height. crease the speed of the engine and plicate the above condition for each
The height has been reduced to al- notice the height of the dotted lines. cylinder in the system except number
low for checking the coil reserve. The difference is the required ignition one (last plug firing line).
The secondary circuit 30 KV pat- output under load. The maximum 10. Turn the CYLINDER SE-
tern will indicate excessiveresistance should be between 13.5 and 15 KV. LECTOR control to its maximum
in the plugs, insufficient coil reserve If the maximum for one or more clockwise rotation.
voltage or leakage at the rotor, dis- of the plugs is above 15 KV, check 11. Turn the NO.1 CYL. switch
tributor cap or spark plug wire. the complete circuit(s) of the plug(s) 0O.
for any trouble that would cause re- 12. Slowly turn the CYLINDER
Procedure
sistance. If the maximum does not SELECTOR control counterclock-
RE-27-55 Tester increase during the increase in en- wise until the pattern shown in Fig.
1. With the engine running at 600 gine speed, check for a fouled or im- 14 is obtained.
rpm, turn the test selector switch to properly gapped spark plug or for 13. Observe the dynamic compres-
the 30.KV position. very low compression. sion meter reading for the number I
2. Adjust the PARADE control so Remove the high tension wire at cylinder.
that the left end of the pattern is at the distributor cap for any plug ex- NOTE: If the engine rpm should
the 6-cyl 60° dwell mark on the cept No.1. Notice the change be- change from 1500 rpm, set the speed
scope screen. tween the average points open line back to 1500 rpm and repeat step 5.
3. Adjust the EXPAND control so and the points open line of the cylin-
that the right end of the pattern is at der with the high tension wire re- Results
the 6-cyl 0° dwell mark on the scope moved. This height difference is the The readings obtained are relative
screen (Fig. 12). coil reserve. The coil reserve should readings. However, if the engine
be at least 20 KV. If it is less than 20 compression and firing conditions are
RE-881 Tester KV, replace the coil. normal, the readings for all cylinders
1. With the RPM selector at the Remove and do not ground one will be approximately the same.
PART 9-1 GENERALIGNITION SYSTEMSERVICE 9-9
DISTRIBUTOR CHECKS
DISTRIBUTOR GEAR
BACKLASH-LOADOMA TIC
DISTRmUTOR
The distributor gear backlash can
not be accurately checked on the dual
advance or centrifugal advance dis-
tributor.
1. Mount a dial indicator on the
distributor so that the indicator point
rests on the rotor, S/s-inch from the
FIG. 13-Typical DynamicCompression
Pattern-All ExceptNo. center.
1 Cylinder 2. Turn the rotor as far as it will
go and set the indicator on zero.
3. Turn the rotor in the opposite
direction and note the reading on the
dial indicator. This is the backlash.
4. The backlash should be 0.003
to 0.005 inch. If the backlash is not
to specifications, it indicates an incor-
rect number of teeth on the distrib-
utor or camshaft gear, or excessively
worn gears.
DISTRmUTORSHAFr
END PLAY
If the shaft end play is not to spec-
ifications, check the location of the
gear on the shaft (loadomatic dis-
tributor), or the distributor shaft col-
lar (dual advance or centrifugal ad-
vance distributor).
Loadomatic Distributor
The shaft end play can be checked
with the distributor installed on the
engine.
1. Mount a dial indicator on the
distributor so that the indicator tip
rests on the top of the distributor
shaft.
2. Pushthe shaft down asfar as it
will go and set the dial indicator on
B2577.A zero.
3. Pull the distributor shaft up-
FIG. 14-Typical DynamicCompression
Pattern-No.1 Cylinder ward as far as it will go and read the
9-10 GROUP9 IGNITION SYSTEM
end play. The end play should be 3. Disconnect the brown wire (I 5. Adjust the speedcontrol to vary
within specifications with the distri- terminal) and the red and blue wire the distributor speed between 400
butor removed or installed. (S terminal) from the starter relay. and 4000 engine rpm, or at the maxi-
4. Loosen the breaker point as- mum speed of the engine on which
Dual Advance and Centrifugal sembly retaining screw near the the distributor is used. Erratic or thin
Advance Distributor breaker point contacts. faint flashes of light preceding the
1. Remove the distributor from 5. With the ignition on, crank the regular flashes as the speed of rota-
the engine. engine with an auxiliary starter tion is increased can be due to weak
2. Place the distributor in the hold- switch connected between the battery breaker arm spring tension or bind-
ing tool and clamp it in a vise with and S terminals of the starter relay ing of the breaker arm on the pivot
the gear end up. and adjust the gap to specifications. pin.
3. Push the distributor shaft up- 6. Release the auxiliary starter 6. Operate the distributor at ap-
ward as far as it will go, and check switch and tighten the breaker point proximately 2500 engine rpm and
the end play with a feeler gauge assembly retaining screw. move the protractor scale so that the
placed between the collar and the dis- 7. Since the adjustment may have zero degree mark on the scale is op-
tributor base. The end play should be changed when the retaining screw posite one of the neon flashes. The
within the specified limits. was tightened, crank the engine again balance of all the flashes should come
with the auxiliary starter switch and within 10, plus or minus, evenly
DISTRIBUTOR TESTS- check the dwell. around the protractor scale. A varia-
ROTUNDA RE-27-44 DWELL On dual-point distributors, when tion larger than 10 or erratic or wan-
TESTER the combined dwell has been set to dering flashes may be caused by a
specifications, the individual dwell worn cam or distributor shaft or a
TEST CONNECTIONS settings should be checked. To check bent distributor shaft.
1. Connect the red lead to the dis- the individual dwell settings, block
tributor terminal of the coil. one set of points open with a piece of DWELL ANGLE
2. Connect the black lead to a insulating material and check the
good ground on the engine. dwell of the other set. The individual Single Point Distributors
dwell settings should be the same. 1. Turn the OFF, SET, CAM,
DWELL ANGLE CHECK SYNC. switch to the CAM position.
1. Connect the tester. DISTRIBUTOR TESTS- Operate the distributor at about 1000
2. Turn the test control knob to ROTUNDA RE-236 rpm.
the set position. DISTRIBUTOR TESTER 2. Adjust the breaker point gap
3. Adjust the set control knob un- until the dwell angle is to specifica-
til the needle on the dwell meter lines MOUNTING DISTRmUTOR tions.
up with the set line. 1. Adjust the distributor support
4. Start the engine and let it idle. arm in relation to the distributor Dual Point Distributors
5. Turn the test control knob to shaft length. 1. Turn the OFF, SET, CAM,
the 8 CYL position for eight cylinder 2. Set the distributor in the sup- SYNC. switch to the CAM position.
engines or to the 6 CYL position for port arm and enter the lower end of Operate the distributor at about 1000
6 cylinder engines. the distributor shaft in the Syncro- rpm.
6. Read the dwell angle on the graph chuck. 2. Adjust the breaker points until
dwell meter and compare the reading 3. Tighten the chuck on the dis- the combined dwell is to specifica-
to specifications. tributor shaft, using the wrench lo- tions and the individual dwells are
7. Turn off the engine. cated near the support arm column. the same.
8. If the dwell angle was below the 4. Align the distributor shaft by The individual dwell settings are
specified amount, the breaker point shifting the support arm and distrib- checked by isolating one set of points
gap is too large. If the dwell angle utor, and tighten the clamp screw. from the circuit. This is done by
was above the specified amount, the 5. Clamp the distributor securely placing a piece of insulating material
breaker point gap is too small. in the distributor support arm clamp between the contacts.
On dual point distributors, the gaps so that it will not turn in its mount-
of both breaker point assemblies BREAKER PLATE WEAR
ing.
should be the same. 6. Connect the synchrographtest A worn breaker plate on the load-
If the dwell is to specifications, lead to the primary wire of the dis- omatic or dual advance distributors
turn the test selector knob to the tributor. will cause the breaker point gap and
OFF position and disconnect the test- contact dwell to change as engine
er leads. MECHANICAL OPERATIONS speed and load conditions are varied.
1. Turn the OFF, SET, CAM, On the loadomatic distributor,
DWELL ANGLE SYNC. switch to the SET position. there should not be over a 3 ° varia-
ADJUSTMENT 2. Adjust the SET TACH control tion in dwell between engine idle
If the dwell angle is not within so the tachometerpointer is on the speed and 2500 rpm. If the contact
specifications, proceed as follows: SET line. dwell changes more than 3°, the plate
1. Remove the coil high tension 3. Turn the OFF, SET, CAM, and bushing should be replaced.
lead from the distributor and ground SYNC. switch to the SYNC. position. On the dual advance distributor,
it. 4. Turn the MOTOR switchto the adjust the test set to 0° advance, 0
2. Remove the distributor cap LEFT for 8 cylinder cars or to the inches vacuum, and 1000 rpm. Ad-
and place it out of the way. RIGHT for 6 cylinder cars. just the dwell angle to 26°. Apply
PART 9-1 - GENERAL
IGNITIONSYSTEMSERVICE 9-11
DISTRIBUTOR SPARK
ADVANCE
The spark advance is checked to
determine if the ignition timing ad- ~... -. ,- ., ~. ~
CONTROLS LOW CONTROlS HIGH Screwdriver 82010.8
vances in proper relation to engine VACUUM ADVANCE VACUUM ADVANCE
speed and load. B2137.C
FIG. 16-Centrifugal Advance
Loadomatic Distributor FIG. 15-Spark Advance Adjustment
1. Check the breaker point con- Adjustment
tact dwell. If the contact dwell is not mum advance point again.
within specifications, adjust the er's vacuum line to the vacuum fitting 4. Operate the distributor at the
breaker points. on the diaphragm without changing specified rpm to give an advance just
2. Check the breaker arm spring any of the adjustments. The maxi- below the maximum. If this advance
tension. Adjust if necessary. mum gauge reading should not be is not to specifications, stop the dis-
3. Adjust the test set to 0° ad- less than it was above. If it is less, the tributor and bend the other spring
vance, 0 inch vacuum and the initial diaphragm is leaking and should be bracket to give the correct advance.
rpm setting listed in the specifica- replaced. S. Check the advance at all rpm
tions. settings listed in the specifications.
4. Check the operation of the vac- Dual Advance Distributor Operate the distributor both up and
uum advance at the lowest and high- 1. Check the contact dwell. If the down the rpm range.
est vacuum and rpm settings given in contact dwell is not within specifica- Vacuum Advance
the specifications. tions, adjust the breaker points. 1. Connect the test set vacuum
If the spark advance is not within 2. Check the breaker arm spring
line to the fitting on the diaphragm.
the limits under low vacuum, the tension and adjust it, if necessary.
2. Set the test set to 0° advance,
primary spring adjustment is at fault. The dual advance distributor has
0 vacuum, and at 1000 rpm.
If the spark advance is not within the two independently operated spark ad-
3. Check the advance at the first
limits under high vacuum, the sec- vance systems. Each system is ad-
vacuum setting given in the specifi-
ondary spring adjustment is at fault. justed separately. Adjust the centrif-
cations.
To adjust the spark advance, re- ugal advance before adjusting the
4. If the advance is incorrect,
leasethe tension on the retard springs vacuum advance.
change the calibration washers be-
by turning the adjusting posts as re- tween the vacuum chamber spring
quired (Fig. 15). Adjust the primary Centrifugal Advance
and nut (Fig. 17). After installing or
spring (spring closest to the vacuum 1. Operate the distributor in the removing the washers, position the
chamber) first, for the low vacuum direction of rotation (counterclock- gasket in place and tighten the nut.
settings. Adjust the secondary spring wise) and adjust the speed to the ini- The addition of a washer will de-
last, for the high vacuum settings. As tial rpm setting listed in the specifi- crease advance and the removal of a
a final check, check the advance cations. Move the protractor scale washer will increase advance.
throughout the entire range. so that one of the flashes lines up S. After one vacuum setting has
If it is impossible to adjust both with the zero degree mark. been adjusted, the others should be
springs to give the correct spark ad- 2. Slowly increase the rpm to the
vance throughout the range, one or setting specified for the first advance
both springs should be replaced and reading listed in the specifications.
the spark advance readjusted. If the correct advance is not indi-
If the advance characteristics still cated at this rpm, stop the distribu-
cannot be brought within specifica- tor and bend one spring adjustment
tions, check the diaphragm assembly bracket to change its tension (Fig.
as follows: 16). Bend the adjustment bracket
Adjust the vacuum pressure of the away from the distributor shaft to
distributor tester to its maximum po- decrease advance (increase spring
sition. Hold your hand over the end tension) and toward the shaft to in-
of the tester's vacuum hose and note crease advance (decrease spring ten-
the maximum reading obtained. Do sion). After the adjustment is made, SPACING WASHERS 82011.8
not exceed 25 inches Hg. identify the bracket.
If the maximum reading is 25 3. After an adjustment has been FIG.-17-Vacuum Advance
inches Hg or less, connect the test- made to one spring, check the mini- Adjustment
9-12 GROUP 9 IGNITION SYSTEM
washer will increase advance. gauge reading should not be less than bracket to change its tension (Fig.
5. After one vacuum setting has it was above. If it is less, the dia- 18). Bend the adjustment bracket
been adjusted, the others should be phragm is leaking and should be re- away from the distributor shaft to
checked. Do not change the original placed. decrease advances (increase spring
rpm setting when going to a different tension) and toward the shaft to in-
vacuum setting. If the other settings Centrifugal Advance Distributor crease advance (decrease spring ten-
are not within limits, it indicates in- 1. On a high performance centrif- sion). After the adjustment is made,
correct spring tension, leakage in ugal advance distributor, check the identify the bracket.
the vacuum diaphragm and/ or line, combined dwell. If it is not within 6. After an adjustment has been
or the wrong fiber stop has been in- specifications, adjust the gap. made to one spring, check the mini-
stalled in the vacuum chamber of the 2. Check the breaker arm spring mum advance point again.
diaphragm housing. tension and adjust it if necessary. 7. Operate the distributor at the
To check the diaphragm for leak- 3. Turn the test selector to the specified rpm to give an advance just
age: SYNCRO. position. below the maximum. If this advance
Remove the vacuum line from the 4. Operate the distributor in the is not to specifications, stop the dis-
distributor. Adjust the vacuum pres- direction of rotation (counterclock- tributor and bend the other spring
sure of a distributor tester to its wise) and adjust the speed to the in- bracket to give the correct advance.
maximum position. Hold your hand itial rpm setting listed in the specifi- 8. Check the advance at all rpm
over the end of the tester's vacuum cations. Move the protractor scale so settings listed in the specifications.
hose and note the maximum reading that one of the flashes lines up with Operate the distributor both up and
obtained. Do not exceed 25 inches the zero degree mark. down the rpm range.
Hg. 5. Slowly increase the rpm to the Lack of synchronization, excessive
If the maximum reading is 25 setting specified for the first advance cam wear, worn bearings, or weak
inches Hg or less, connect the tester's reading listed in the specifications. breaker arm spring tension causing
vacuum line to the vacuum fitting on If the correct advance is not indi- contact point chatter are all disclosed
the diaphragm without changing any cated at this rpm, stop the distribu- by uneven or intermittent flashes
of the adjustments. The maximum tor and bend one spring adjustment around the protractor scale.
Too/-KD.111 or TK.419.A
SPARK PLUGS
REMOVAL
1. Remove the wire from each
spark plug by grasping, twisting and
pulling the moulded cap of the wire
only. Do not pull on the wire be-
cause the wire connection inside the
{:.ap may become separated or the
weather seal may be damaged.
2. Clean the area around each
spark plug port with compressed air,
and then remove the spark plugs.
CLEANING AND INSPECI10N
Refer to section 3 of this part for FIG. 27-Typicol V-8 Engine Ignition Wiring
9-18 GROUP9 IGNITION SYSTEM
one of the accessory dimples in the 5. Thread one end of the service near the ignition switch. Make sure
dash panel. replacement resistance wire through
the wire is routed through the retain-
4. Install a grommet into the hole the grommet in the dash panel and
drilled in the dash panel. connect it to the quick disconnect ing clips.
B2581-A
~,
82135-8
DUAL ADVANCEDISTRIBUTORS
INSTALLATION
1. Fill the grooves in the weight
pivot pins ~ith distributor cam lubri-
cant (C4AZ-19D530-A).
2. Position the weights in the dis-
tributor (the marked weight is placed
on the marked pivot pin) and install
the weight retainers.
3. Place the thrust washer on the
shaft.
4. Fill the grooves in the upper
portion of the distributor shaft with
distributor cam lubricant (C4AZ-
19D530-A).
5. Install the cam assembly. Be
sure that the marked spring bracket
BREAKER POINT ASSEMBLY B2274.B
on the cam assembly is near the
FIG. 3-Breaker Plate Installed-Pivot-Type Points marked spring bracket on the stop
screws and lift the plate assembly weight springsand its brackets.Also plate.
out of the distributor. mark one of the weightsand its pivot If a new cam is being installed,
4. Mark one of the distributor pin. make sure that the cam is installed
with the hypalon covered stop in the
VACUUM DIAPHRAGM GROUND WIRE
correct cam plate control slot. This
can be done by measuring the length
of the slot used on the old cam and
by using the corresponding slot on the
new cam. Some of the cams will have
the size of the slot in degrees
stamped near the slot. If the wrong
slot is used, an incorrect maximum
advance will be obtained.
Place a light film of distributor
cam lubricant on the distributor cam
lobes. Install the retainer and the
wick. Saturate the wick with SAE
lOW engine oil.
6. Install the weight springs. Be
sure that the marked spring is at-
tached to the marked spring brack-
ets.
7. Install the sub-plate assembly.
8. Working from the inside of the
distributor, push the primary wire
through the opening in the distribu-
tor.
9. Install the rotor and the distrib-
utor cap.
. ADJUSTMENTS
BREAKER POINT ASSEMBLY 62275.6
Refer to Part 9-1, Section 2 for
FIG. 4-Breaker Plate Installed-Pivotless Points the adjustment procedures.
PART 9-3 - DUALADVANCE
DISTRIBUTORS 9-27
CLAMp-12144
HOUSING-12130.
~ ,- '-..
'-.
'~PIN-67S55
/OiLSEAL-12143
SPRING::'12191or 12192
DIAPHRAGMASSEMBL
Y-
WEIGHT-J,2188 12370
WEIGHT R~TAINER-379023
...
-"
. -~
STATIONARY SUB.PLATE-12151
RETAINER-12177, C'3;
~
12f20
'SHA~r -12)75 .,;'
CLAMP-
12144 PIN::12145 ~. J
GASKET
I
MOVEABLE BREAKER PLATE-12151 !,~ ""' \l---5PRING-12191 0,'12192 of
,RETURN SPP""'" '0
BREAKER POI~+ ASSEMB~Y:i2171 " . ~ ~"'-WEIGHT-nI88 CALIBRATINI: WAo;I-IF~o;
~~' ~
CONDENSER-12300 ""
V
!
LUBRICATING
\.
THRUST WASHER-
12179
WICK-12133
:-{"T
VACUUM CONNECTION
..
~ ~ --- .,
\. ,,
SPRING WASHER-372395
;; RET AINER-351825
~
--12264
82265.8
CENTRIFUGAL ADVANCEDISTRIBUTORS
INSTALLATION
The breaker point and condenser
plate assembly installation is shown
in Fig. 2.
1. Place the breaker point and
condenser plate in position and in-
stall the retaining screws.
2. Working from the inside of the
distributor. push the primary wire
through the opening in the distribu-
tor housing.
3. Install the breaker point assem-
blies and the condenser.
4. Install the rotor and the dis-
tributor cap.
REMOVAL tor body and engine block indicating used as guides when installing the
1. Disconnect the primary wire the position of the body in the block, distributor in a correctly timed en-
at the coil. Remove the distributor and scribe another mark on the dis- gine.
cap. tributor body indicating the position 3. Remove the distributor hold
2. Scribe a mark on the distribu- of the rotor. These marks can be down cap bolt and clamp, and then
lift the distributor out of the block. crankshaft damper. Position the dis- starter, after the distributor drive
Do not rotate the crankshaft tributor in the block with the rotor gear is partially engaged, in order to
while the distributor is removed, or at the No.1 firing position. engage oil pump intermediate shaft.
it will be necessary to time the en- If the crankshaft has not been 2. Install, but do not tighten, the
gine. rotated, position the distributor in retaining clamp and bolt. Rotate the
the block with rotor aligned with distributor body counterclockwise
INSTALLATION the mark previously scribed on the until one set of breaker points are
1. If the crankshaft was rotated distributor body, and the marks on just starting to open. Tighten the
while the distributor was removed the distributor body and engine clamp.
from the engine, it will be necessary block in alignment. Install the re- 3. Install the distributor cap.
to time the engine. Rotate the crank- taining clamp. 4. Connect the primary wire to
shaft until No.1 piston is on TDC Make sure the oil pump inter- the coil.
(after the compression stroke). mediate shaft properly engages the 5. Check the ignition timing with
Align the TDC mark on the timing distributor shaft. It may be neces- a timing light and adjust it if neces-
pointer with the timing pin on the sary to crank the engine with the sary.
Ram
B2281.A
.Too/-T52L.12131.CAD
B2017-C
old cam and by using the corre- Tighten the backing screw on the
sponding slot on the new cam. Some tool enough to remove all shaft end
Tool- of the cams will have the size of the play, then remove the feeler gauge
T57L-12390-A, slot in degrees stamped near the and allow the shaft to rest on the
Detail 3 ~
slot. If the wrong slot is used, an in- backing screw. Slide the collar on
correct maximum advance will be the shaft. While holding the collar in
~ obtained. place against the distributor base,
drill a 1/8-inch hole through the shaft
Place a light film of distributor
TIGHTENSCREW cam lubricant on the distributor cam using the hole in the collar as a pilot.
ENOUGH TO
Tool- REMOVEALL lobes. Install the retainer and the 3. Position the gear on the end
T57L-J2390-A, SHAFTEND wick. Saturate the wick with SAE of the shaft. Install the assembly in
Deloil J PLAY lOW engine oil. a press.
15. Install the weight springs. Be 4. With the backing screw on the
sure that the marked spring is at- support tool tightened enough to re-
tached to the marked spring brack- move all end play, press the gear on
ets. the shaft to the specified distance
16. Place the breaker point and from the bottom face of the gear to
... the bottom face of the distributor
condenser plate in position and in-
stall the retaining screws. mounting flange (Fig. 13). Drill a
FIG. 12-0riginal Shaft and 17. Working from the inside of l/s-inch hole through the shaft using
Gear Installation the distributor, push the primary the hole in the gear as a pilot.
wire through the opening in the dis- S. Remove the distributor from
tributor housing. the press and remove the support
9. Remove the distributor from
18. Place the breaker point as- tool. Install the collar retaining pin
the press. Install the gear retaining
semblies and the condenser in posi- (Fig. 6) and the gear retaining pin
pin (Fig. 4). (Fig. 4).
10. Position the distributor in a tion and install the retaining screws.
19. Align and adjust the breaker 6. Complete the assembly by fol-
vise. Fill the grooves in the weight lowing steps 10 thru 22 under In-
pivot pins with distributor cam lubri- point assemblies by following the
procedure in Part 9-1. stalling Original Shaft and Gear.
cant (C4AZ-19D530-A).
20. Connect the primary wire, the
11. Position the weights in the
jumper strap, and the condenser
distributor (the marked weight is
wire to the breaker point assemblies.
placed on the marked pivot pin) and
21. Install the rotor and the dis-
install the weight retainers.
tributor cap.
12. Place the thrust washer on 22. Check and adjust (if neces-
the shaft. sary) the centrifugal advance mech-
13. Fill the grooves in the upper anism (Refer to Part 9-1).
portion of the distributor shaft with
distributor cam lubricant (C4AZ- NEW SHAFf AND GEAR
19D530-A). The shaft and gear are replaced
14. Install the cam assembly. Be as an assembly. One part should not
sure that the marked spring bracket be replaced without replacing the
on the cam assembly is near the other.
marked spring bracket on the stop 1. Follow steps 1, 2, 3, and 4 un-
plate. der Installing Original Shaft and
If a new cam assembly is being Gear.
installed, make sure that the cam is 2. Attach the distributor shaft
installed with the hypalon covered supporting tool to the distributor and 61633-C
stop in the correct cam plate control install the assembly in a vise. Insert
slot. This can be done by measuring a O.O24-inch feeler gauge between FIG. 1 3-New Shaft and Gear
the length of the slot used on the the backin~ screw and the shaft. Installation
~
9-3~
SPECIFICATIONS
DISTRIBUTOR CONDENSER
GENERAL
APPLICATION TABLE
Thermactor
Transmission EmissionSystem Distributor
Engine
Std. IA~IWiihI-wi"ij;Oji"i"ITYii81
No.(12127)
- .
170 Six x - x Q) C5DF-C
170 Six
X -I
x @ C6DF-A
170 Six X x CD C5DF-K
DIMENSIONS
170 Six ,t X x - @ C6(>F-D
200 Six Ii X !
x Q) C5DF-E
200 Six X '" x @ C6DF-C
200 Six
X 'i ;;
x CD C5DF-K
-
200 Six X x @ C6DF-E
2892-V . X x @ C5AF.M
2892-V ,.
X' ., X x - @ C6AF-J
2892-V
- x @ C5AF-N
289 2-V ,i X x @ C6AF-S
2894.V X X- x @ C5GF-A
289 4-V X x @ C6ZF-A
ADVANCE CHARACTERISTICS
9-36 GROUP 9 IGNITIONSYSTEM
C5AF-12127 -M C5DF-12127-E
C5DF-12127-K
CSAF-12127 -N
C5GF-12127-A
C5DF-12127-C
C50F-12127-E
C6AF-12127 -A C6AF-12127 -D
C6AF-12127 -8 C6AF-12127 -J
C6AF-12127 -C C6AF-12127 -K
CENTRIFUGAL ADVANCE: Set the test stand to 0° at CENTRIFUGAL ADVANCE: Set the test stand to O' at
250 rpm and 0 inches of mercury. 250 rpm and 0 inches of mercury.
-
Distributor Advance Vacuum (Inches Distributor Advance Vacuum (Inches
(rpm) (Degrees) of Mercury) (rpm) (Degrees) of Mercury
600 2'/4-3'/4 0 500 2-3 0
1200 5%-7 0 1000 6Yz-71/4 0
1600 7'/4-81h. 0 1300 73/4-9 0
2000 83/4-10'/4 0 2000 11Y2-13 0
Maximum Advance Limit 14° Maximum AdvanceLimit 16°
VACUUM ADVANCE: Set the test stand to 0° at 1000 VACUUM ADVANCE: Set the test stand to O' at 1000
rpm and 0 inches of mercury. rpm and 0 inches of mercury.
---
Distributor Advance Vacuum (Inches Distributor Advance Vacuum (Inches
(rpm) (Degrees) of Mercury) (rpm) (Degrees) of Mercury)
1000 0-1 5 1000 0-1 5
1000 6-9 13 1000 6-9 13
1000 8114-10114 17 1000 81/4-111/4 17
Maximum Advance Limit 12° MaximumAdvanceLimit. . . . . . . 12°
9-38 GROUP 9 IGNITIONSYSTEM
C6AF-12127-L C6DF-12127 -A
C6DF-12127 -C
C6AF-12127 -S
CENTRIFUGAL ADVANCE: Set the test stand to O' at
250 rpm and 0 inches' of mercury.
C6DF-12127 -D
C6AF-12127-T
CENTRIFUGAL ADVANCE: Set the test stand to O' at
CENTRIFUGAL ADVANCE: Set the test stand to 0° at 250 rpm and 0 inches of mercury.
250 rpm and 0 inches of mercury.
Distributor Advance Vacuum (Inches
Distributor Advance Vacuum (Inches (rpm) (Degrees) of Mercury)
(rpm) (Degrees) of Mercury) 300 0-Y2 0
475 lY4-2Y4 0 600 2Y2-3Y2 0
700 33/4-43/4 0 900 7%-8% 0
1300 7-8Y4 0 1200 9l/4-10Y2 0
1800 93/4-11 0 1800 121/2-13% 0
Maximum Advance Limit. . . . . . . 16° Maximum Advance Limit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160
VACUUM ADVANCE: Set the test stand to O' at 1000 VACUUM ADVANCE: Set the test stand to O' at 1000
rpm and 0 inches of mercury. rpm and 0 inches of mercury.
Distributor Advance Vacuum (Inches Distributor Advance Vacuum (Inches
(rpm) (Degrees) of Mercury) (rpm) (Degrees) of Mercury)
1000 0-1 5 1000 0-1 5
1000 6-9 13 1000 3-6 10
1000 81/2-111/2 18 1000 3-6 15
Maximum Advance Limit. . . . . . . 12° Maximum Advance Limit .6°
PART 9-5 SPECIFICATIONS 9-39
COIL
Primary
Resistance
(Ohms)
8000-8800(75°P.)
Amperage Draw-Engine Stopped . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.5
-Engine Idling. ............ .2.5
C6ZF-12127-A
SPECIAL TOOLS
C6ZF-12127 -8