The New MobilityAgenda

Eric Britton reports to the Changzhi CUTPP Forum

Dossier contents
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Introduction 2 At a glance: Sharing in the 21st century - Will it shape our cities? 3 The Third Way of getting around in our cities 4 "On the whole, you find wealth more in use than in ownership." - Aristotle. ca. 350 BC What is Share/Transport? 5 The three principal components of share/transport 6 Share/transport 2011: A modal overview 7 Why sharing is more than important: 7, 1, 20 8 Technology is the unexpected wild card in our dilemma. 9 Annex A: Ten questions for Changzhi 10 Annex B: Sharing Transportation Forum Conference program 11 Annex C: Speaking notes in support of video presentation 12 Annex D: The Seven Pillars of Transition to New Mobility 18

What is this?
The following is a draft conference document, prepared in working note form by the author as background in support of a keynote videoconference presentation bu the author to the Second World Share/Transport Forum held in Changzhi China from 25 26 October 2011. This document is being translated into Chinese to facilitate rapid reference by the Changzhi audience.

Supporting documentation
Videoconference recording (20 minutes) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BkFBaQGc94A Speaker notes: World Streets Reading Room http://www.scribd.com/my_document_collections/2948834 First World Share/Transport Forum in Kaohsiung, Sept. 2010 http://kaohsiung.sharetransport.org World Streets on Share/Transport: http://worldstreets.wordpress.com/category/sharetransport/ Author background note - http://wp.me/P1zD54-1r

Changzhi - Presentation background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

Introduction
Greetings from Paris. I am very glad to be with you even if only by this video link, but time is short so let's get to the topic. We have worked hard over the last months to prepare this conference, and the point I wish to make right here at the outset that this is not just one more ambitious expert workshop on sustainable transportation. I am joining you in Changzhi today with a single idea in mind. Specifically to see if, along with my esteemed colleagues from whom you will be hearing shortly, I can convince at least a certain number of you in this room of the importance , the relevance and indeed the absolute necessity of introducing the concept of share/transport in the future of not only your own city and cities across China more generally, but in cities around the world. At the end of the day I do not need you all to agree with all the ideas that are set out here. Indeed I do not expect you to. It is my experience that when it comes to exploring new approaches that break with past practices, that it is more likely to be a minority of the young people and younger minds (not always the same thing) that are more open to new ideas. If that's you, you are the person whom I now want to address over the next twenty or some minutes than in the dialogue that is to follow. When someone talks about sharing in the transport sector in China these days, because of all of the activity and publicity that has gone with that over the last two years or so, the first thing that comes to mind is shared bicycle projects. And then when we think about it a bit more and perhaps we get to projects like BRT's, this leads us to think about sharing the street with other users, including cyclists, motorcyclists and pedestrians. And of course cars. But there is more to it than that. The concept of shared transport is at once old and new, formal and informal, but above all it is an element of the transport sector that is growing very fast. Something important is clearly going on, and the Changzhi event will look at this carefully, in the hope of providing a broader strategic understanding for advancing not just the individual shared modes (e.g., car/share, ride/share, bike/share, street/share, taxi/share, etc.), but of combining them to advance the sustainable transport agenda of our cities more broadly. Are we at a turning point? Is sharing already starting to be a more broadly used and relevant social/economic pattern? Is there an over-arching concept which we can identify and put to work for people and the planet? And what do you need to look at and do to make your specific sharing project work? These are some of the issues that we shall be examining with prominent invited guests from the fields of economics, politics, psychology, who will join transportation experts to discuss these trends. Thus my main interest here in this first stage is not in the specific kinds of sharing -- that's important of course but it came come later. Rather what we need to sort out together anted get right here at the start is our understanding of the overall strategy and justification for and behind the concept of sharing, both in general and in the transport sector . At this early point it is not the specifics of any one kind of sharing approach, but rather the broader human issues which it necessarily touches. Let's have a look.
Eric Britton. World Streets and the New Mobility Agenda, Paris, France

Changzhi - Supporting background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

At a glance: Sharing in the 21st century - Will it shape our cities?

After many decades of a single dominant city-shaping transportation pattern namely and for those who could afford it: owning and driving our own cars, trucks, motorcycles and bicycles, getting into taxis by ourselves, riding in streets that are designed for cars and not much else -- there is considerable evidence accumulating that we have already entered into a world of new mobility practices that are changing the transportation landscape in many ways. It has to do with sharing, as opposed to outright ownership. But strange to say, this trend seems to have escaped the attention of the policymakers in many of the places and institutions directly concerned. However transport sharing is an important trend, one that is already starting to reshape at least parts of some of our cities. It is a movement at the leading edge of our most successful (and wealthiest and livable) cities -- not just a watered down or second-rate transport option for the poor. With this in view, we are setting out to examine not just the qualities (and limitations) of individual shared mobility modes, but also to put this in the broader context of why people share. And why they do not. And in the process to stretch our minds to consider what is needed to move toward a new environment in which people can from time to time and for their own good reasons share, rather than necessarily only doing everything on their own when it comes to moving around in our cities worldwide. Share/transport is the largely uncharted, rich middle ground of high-impact, low-carbon, available-now mobility options between the long dominant poles of "private transport" (albeit on public roads) and conventional mass transport (scheduled, fixed-route services) at the two extremes. Let's have a look at this concept diagram to get a feel for what we are going to deal with here.

Changzhi - Presentation background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

The Third Way of getting around in our cities

Our goal here is specifically to present, discuss and examine the first steps of a new policy path that shows promise for at least in part dealing with many of the most pressing problems of transport in cites in all of China all while noting that if Chinese cities can demonstrate how this new and in general poorly understood approach can work, it will be a contribution that will be valuable for cities around the world. The world badly needs more good examples and solid ideas, so why not you?. The underlying challenge is to find the package of measures needed to deal with the present situation in which there are, to summarize: (a) too many cars in our cities, and (b) that as a result of car-crowding ever worse conditions for mobility, including even for those who can afford and drive their own cars. The answer is not to ban all cars, nor to force people either to stay at home of take public transport which may not offer the quality of service they expect and need. We are looking at a Third Way. The Third Way solution that we shall be examining here involves the careful strategic application both what we call "carrots" and "sticks". The sticks have to do with strategic ways of limiting the space and conditions of access available to cars, both when moving and parked -- while the carrots have to do with offering new and more efficient mobility solutions for people at all levels of income and in all cities. This challenge of the "too many cars/too little mobility" problem are already important enough if we think of them in terms of the ever greater amounts of time that Chinese citizens are losing when they are stuck in traffic, the high costs of car ownership and use which strain the budgets of many families that are buying them, and the losses in terms of air quality, accidents, public health, quality of life, and of course the huge impacts on the climate and climate modification. But in addition to this we now have to add a further 2011 realty, the continuing rises in the price of fossil fuels, which is only going to get worse. And along with this, the new and suddenly very pressing questions that are now going to be asked about and for sure modify the intended rapid expansion of nuclear energy as an option to goal and other fossils fuels. The bottom line: we need to start preparing our cities for this interlocking challenge, which in transport terms means that we need to have more efficient movement options, and that the present situation of unchecked growth of inefficient automobile traffic needs to be reversed. One important component of this strategy has to do with increasing system efficiency, through different kinds of sharing. Sharing?

Changzhi - Supporting background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

"On the whole, you find wealth more in use than in ownership." - Aristotle. ca. 350 BC

What is Share/Transport?
Share/transport is a proven, integrated, strategic approach to providing more and better mobility options in our cities. It is no longer an option; As we look to the immediate future, we can see that it is a critical tool for transport policy and practice for our cities. While not familiar to many people and cities, including many planners and policy makers, this concept of sharing is an indispensable 21st century toolset and strategy for our cities, in a world of seven billion people and in an era of exploding urbanization, increasing income levels and consumer expenditures, and a growing international appetite of people for cars. We need to be pragmatic about this. Of course, there is nothing wrong with people having cars, per se. That's not the point. However it is where and how they use them that matter. And in this respect the clearest contradiction and biggest policy challenge results from the public space conflicts that we are seeing in our cities. (We call this challenge of too many cars in too small a space, the "Elephant in the Bedroom" syndrome. Despite its playful name, it presents a major challenge for policy makers worldwide). We have learned this over the past decade. After years of neglect, we now know that in the face of these crippling problems and trends we need to develop strategies whereby (a) people to have more and better mobility -- but also in parallel with this (b) many fewer cars in our cities. And while this was already becoming clear in the last century, given the speed of developments in recent years it has become a major 21st century priority issue for public policy worldwide, China included. Share/Transport is one proven way to deal with this interlocking challenge of too many cars and too poor mobility. However despite its clear advantages and many successes, for various reasons until now it is not sufficiently well known or appreciated by transport planners and policy makers in all parts of the world. And remedying this is one of the main objectives of this conference.

Changzhi - Presentation background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

The three principal components of share/transport

Share/Transport has three main working components; transport modes, transport space, and transport information: 1. Shared modes Making transport more efficient.: through taxi sharing, small bus sharing, bicycle sharing , car sharing, ride sharing, and new ways of sharing integrated into and increasing the flexibility and service levels of existing public transport systems. 2. Shared space Better sharing and use of the scarce public space in a city . Encompassing: landuse policy, access control and restraints, modal segregation (BRT, cycle lanes), parking, time zoning of activities, shared surfaces and limiting traffic speeds in specific areas. . 3. Shared information ITS, maps, schedules, interactive media, behaviour change. Technology may appear at first glance to be a it of a id car in this process. However it is anything but. One of the essential components and criteria for success of share/transport projects keys on better information and communications technologies (ICT). This technology component can not only be integrated to offer far higher levels of service and to more people than at any time in the past, but it also opens up significant opportunities for industry and new product development. A good part of the future of share/transport will be as a result of the roles played by that mobile telephone in your pocket. It is going to emerge as people's key to the public transportation of the new future. The conference is looking into trends and accomplishments of specific shared transport modes and their potential for application in Chinese city context; but it will not stop there We will also be taking a hard look at their short-comings and making recommendations as to how they can be mitigated.

Changzhi - Supporting background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

Share/transport 2011: A modal overview

Here is a "short list" of at least twenty different forms of transport sharing that we and others have looked at and worked with in a variety of international settings.. Once we have developed a strategic understanding of the socio-economic-behavioral aspects of the phenomenon of sharing in twenty first century society, we can then start to look at each of these areas of innovation and practice with more interesting tools in hand. 1. Public transport (of course, vintage transport sharing. Not to be forgotten in the rush to new concepts) 2. Bike/sharing (Check out the informal 30 second video on this at http://www.vimeo.com/6856553 ) 3. Car/sharing (includes both formal and informal arrangements, including P2P carsharing) 4. Fleetsharing 5. Ride/sharing (carpools, van pools, hitchhiking - organized and informal). 6. Taxi/sharing 7. Demand responsive transport systems 8. Paratransit and social service transport 9. Shared parking 10. Truck/van sharing (combined delivery, other) 11. Street/sharing 1 (example: BRT streets shared between buses, cyclists, taxis, emergency vehicles) 12. Street/sharing 2 (streets used by others for other (non-transport) reasons as well.) 13. Public space sharing 14. Work place sharing (neighborhood telework centers; virtual offices; co-workplace; hoteling) 15. Sharing SVS (small vehicle systems: DRT, shuttles, community buses, etc.) 16. Cost sharing 17. Time sharing 18. Successful integration of public transport within a shared transport city? Including bus and rail 19. Team sharing 20. Knowledge-sharing (including this conference) And while we can look at and talk about each of these things as what might seem to be self-contained subsets, the fact is that they all have this common core of sharing, as opposed to private use and ownership, and it is important for us to understand the broader phenomenon and attitudes behind the actual practice of sharing.

Changzhi - Presentation background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

Why sharing is more than important: 7, 1, 20

Why is it important to start to think about sharing and to begin to develop it as a fundamental principle for transport sector policy and practice. Let us look at three numbers which between them point up why sharing is not only important but why it is a critical part of our future transportation arrangements.

7.
2011 was the first year in the history of our planet that the world population passed the 7 billion mark. Now that is a lot of people. Consider for example that in the year I was born, 1938, the world's population was barely 2 billion. Less than one third of the crowd that presently lives, works, plays, prays, wars, loves, and in most cases get by with only the greatest difficulty in poverty on this planet. But if we have more than tripled the number of passengers on the good ship earth, our planet has remained just about exactly the same size. That is the first part of our dilemma when we start to talk about the concept of sustainability and well-being. The second and even more crushing part of this dilemma is the fact that those 7 billion souls now have at their disposal technology and tools which give them the power to extract many times over the quantity of natural resources, including water, minerals and energy in its various forms then was even conceivable the time I was born. It is this, the power of technology and art tools which even more than the increase in population threatens the well-being and the future of the planet.

1.
2011 was also the year in which for the first time the world's motor vehicle population cracked the 1 billion barrier. One hundred million cars, buses, trucks, motorcycles, and other motorized vehicles on the road, and on our streets, or possibly park somewhere and waiting for something to happen to them. What is interesting about this from an access perspective is that this huge potential is not being effectively used in many instances, and certainly is not being effectively dealt with in the greater part of our cities. If the sheer number of motor vehicles, and their continuing high growth rates There is an argument that we already have too many cars. But that's not the key issue, which is the manner in which we are using them. And here as we shall see, the concept of sharing is one that is worth close study.

Changzhi - Supporting background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

20.
Approximately 20% of the ecological load being spewed into the atmosphere, earth, water and life of this planet results from the transportation sector. Likewise something on that order of total energy consumption traces to our sector. It is clearly an important policy target. What is particularly interesting about the transport sector in this regard is that, contrary to much poplar thinking, it is the one sector which is amenable to improvement, both quickly and at comparatively low cost. For this reason, the transport sector should be the focus of public policy in achieving near term improvements. And as we do this, we can show the way for the other sectors. What happens when we put these three numbers together? It is my view that this gives us every reason to be giving attention to how we can rationalize and improve the performance of the transportation sector in many ways. And fortunately for once we have a little help. Big help in fact.

Technology is the unexpected wild card in our dilemma.

The Greek philosopher mathematician Archimedes is said to have uttered the immortal phrase: "Give me a lever long enough and a place to stand on, and I will move the Earth." Well, technological progress, and in particular over the course of the last century, has given us a lever which is so long that we are in fact moving the earth. And I am afraid not in the right direction. As one small example, I recently carried out a brainstorming exercise with a Master Class of young professionals and graduate students in a Future Leaders program in the city of Guadalajara Mexico. in our course there were a handful of engineers and scientists, we set out to see if we could make a rough calculation about a very specific example of the power of technological process in the recent past. In a little exercise we decided to contrast the informational power (note, I did not say computing power) of the iPad 2 which was launched in March of this year, with the first commercial computer which was launched in the United States in the same month in 1951, the UNIVAC 1. Just to get into the ballpark, the iPad weighs roughly 600 g while the Univac 1 weighed more than 13 metric tons. The going price of the Univac was on the order of 1 1/2 million dollars, while you can pick up an iPad for around $600. But what our informal exercise suggested was not improvements on the orders of several thousands or even tens of thousands of timed, but a far more colossal number. We came up with something in excess of 1 trillion times improvement. That number is certainly wrong, but the fundamental point behind it is the thing which is at the same time so worrying and yet gives us possibly grounds for hope.

Changzhi - Presentation background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

Annex A: Ten questions for Changzhi

I now have ten questions concerning our topic that I would like you to invite you to discuss with the meeting chair and speakers. It would be very helpful to have your observations and reactions to these. 1. Is owning and driving your own car in traffic generally considered to be the fastest, safest and most comfortable way to get around in most cities in China today? 2. Would you say that the great majority of Chinese in 2011 wish to own and drive a car of their own? That car ownership is that part of their life dream? 3. But do they have a realistic idea of the full costs of car ownership, direct and indirect? 4. Should the focus of government in a situation of far too many cars, take the path of different ways of outlawing and penalizing car ownership/use? Or providing better-than-car mobility alternatives that are better suited to crowded 21st century cities? 5. In general, would you say that the concept of sharing as stated here as something that is not realistic in the present context of Chinese values and aspirations? 6. Would you say that people would consider the concept of sharing (cars, taxis, rise, bikes, etc) instead of using your own car all the time in the city as a step backward in terms of life quality? 7. If walking and cycling were safe and comfortable alternatives to driving your car, would more people do it? 8. Do you think that a majority of Chinese car owners will be ready to limit their car for personal uses in the evening and weekends, but otherwise make use of improved transport options in and around the city in periods of high activity? 9. Is there a significant difference between older and younger generations in this respect? Do young people in China care more about technology (communications, IT) and life style than spending something like ten percent plus of their annual income, to own and operate a car? 10. What if any is the form of Share/Transport best suited to Chinese values and preferences today?

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Changzhi - Supporting background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

Annex B: Sharing Transportation Forum Conference program

Date: October 23~25, 2011 Location: Changzhi, China Organizer: Project office of CUTPP 10/23 14:00~20:00 Registration 18:00~20:00 Welcome Reception 10/24 09:00~10:00 Opening and Signing Ceremony (Leaders from NDRC and the World Bank) 10:00~10:30 Break 10:30~12:00 Sharing Transportation: Vision and Challenges Speaker: Eric Britton (France/USA) (in video) and Rory McMullan (UK) Panelist: Jason Chang (Moderator) and Guo Xiaobei 12:00~14:00 Lunch and Break 14:00~15:30 Car Sharing Speaker: Lewis Chen (Singapore) and Yo Koga (USA/Japan) Panelist: Rory McMullan (Moderator) and Jason Chang 15:30~15:45 Break 15:45~17:30 Public Bike Speaker: Jack Becker (USA), Ethan Lu (Taiwan) and Invited Speaker (China) Panelist: Rory McMullan (Moderator) and Lu Huapu 18:00~20:00 Banquet 10/25 09:00~10:30 Sharing and Public Transport and in Livable Cities Speaker: Zou Nan (China ) and Jason Chang (Taiwan) Panelist: Liu Liya (Moderator) and Yang Dongyuan 10:30~11:00 Break 11:00~12:30 Panel Discussion and Closing Ceremony Panelist: Guo Xiaobei (Moderator) and all invited speakers 12:30~13:30 Lunch 14:00~17:00 Technical Tour

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Changzhi - Presentation background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

Annex C: Speaking notes in support of video presentation

Sharing Transportation: Vision and Challenges

Hello, Nn ho and Bonjour .. from Paris MY OBJECTIVE THIS MORNING. This is not just one more ambitious expert workshop on sustainable transportation. I am joining you in Changzhi today with a single idea in mind. Specifically to see if, along with my esteemed colleagues who will also be sharing their experience with you, I can convince at least a certain number of you in this room of the importance , the relevance and indeed the absolute necessity of introducing the concept of share/transport in the future of not only your own city and cities across China more generally, but in cities around the world. CARBON DIET: I would very much like to have been with you this morning, but because I have this thing called a Carbon Diet I am unable to take a plane and fly anywhere unless I work on matters related to my expertise, namely sustainable cities, sustainable transportation sustainable lives, for one full day for each hour I spend on the plane getting there. That would have meant in this case that I spent at least ten days working directly with local and national government on these issues, and it turned out that there was simply not enough time or funds available for this. That is just the way it is, but I certainly hope that the next time you "see" me in China it will be in three dimensions and real-time. THREE PART PRESENTATION: THIS SHORT VIDEO PRINT DOCUMENT: So you have me now by this short video conference, in support of which I prepared a document which sets out some of my best thoughts about our topic, namely share transport, which I hope will round out this first presentation. WORLD STREETS: And should you wish to see more about this work and what I and others of my international colleagues have learned about this in recent years, let me point you to our collaborative international Journal on these matters, world streets, which you can hopefully access at www.Worldstreets.org. you also find in Worldstreets that we give a great deal of attention to share transport in all its variants. You can find more than 100 articles by collaborators around the world if you click to http://worldstreets.wordpress.com/?cat=600 Eric Britton, Paris, 17 October 2011. 11:30 local time

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Changzhi - Supporting background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

MY BACKGROUND: As part of this introduction let me make a point in passing that this is not a topic to which I have come recently or take lightly. I have spent several decades working internationally on exactly the matters we will be discussing here this morning, as an adviser, observer, teacher and writer. My training is as a development economist, and my work over my entire professional life has centered on the tough challenges of sustainable development and social justice. I stumbled into the field of transportation and technology back in 1969 when I organized a small team to do a worldwide survey entitled: New Technology and Transportation: 1970 1990. Ever since the challenges of the transport and technology sectors have occupied more than half my time, with almost all of this work looking into the specific problems and opportunities of transport in cites, worldwide.. Year after year after year. MY SHORT TERM GOAL IN CHINA: But let me not run away from this topic too quickly. I have a goal and that goal is to work with cities and collaborators across China in order to bring the share transport agenda to Chinese cities. I think you are ready for it, I think it can do a great deal of good for your cities and those who live, work and play there, and I think now is the time. UNSUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION: A WORLDWIDE PROBLEM The basic message which I hope to share with you starts with the broader challenge of improving our failing transportation arrangements in our cities worldwide. The problems that you and others in China face each morning when you get stuck in traffic, where you have too few real mobility choices (real means once you really want), and which your city becomes each day less agreeable place to live and get around, are in fact worldwide problems. But I think you will be most creative if we concentrate specifically on both the problems and potential solutions in the context of Chinese cities here, leaving it to others to solve their problems in their own ways. IF IT AIN'T BROKE: There is an old saying in American English which runs like this: "if it ain't broke don't fix it,. This is prudent counsel but I think it is fair to say that in many of your cities face a situation in which it is clearly broke and you clearly need to fix it. Let me briefly review problem and solutions before moving on to share transport per se, which is interesting in this case because we have a situation in which the problems and the solutions are two sides of the same basic coin. -- 7, 1, 20 COMMENTARY HERE --

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Changzhi - Presentation background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

But before we get to Chinese cities, I would like to take a step back and look at this from a worldwide perspective. To do this, I would comment on three numbers: seven, one and twenty. TECHNOLOGY: PROBLEM AND SOLUTION In the dilemma that we face, we see that more than the problem of 7 billion people on this small planet, is that of the way in which all 7 billion of us live these days, namely with the long lever of technology which above all is the reason that our planet is in duress. Technology is indeed a problem, but it is also a key element of the solution, including as we will see in the field of share/transport we will come back to this matter of technology as part of the solution again and again in this conference, and it again and again in our work internationally in the field of share transport. OUR CITY TRANSPORT PROBLEM IN A NUTSHELL. Too many vehicles, too little mobility. When we put it in terms as simple as this, it is my view that the solution becomes immediately apparent. And it is a solution which is directly related to the topic of this meeting and all that brings us here today. We need therefore and this is extremely simple -- to reduce the number of vehicles on our streets, and to do this while at the same time providing more and better mobility and mobility options for all. HOW DO WE DO THIS? Through increasing the effective payload of the vehicles both for passengers and for freight. In its simplest form, this boils down to finding ways to get more than 1.3 or so passengers into each car and ditto for increasing the payload of all of the buses, trucks and vans on our streets and roads. It also means creating circumstances in which citizens will freely choose to get to their desired destination in some way other than by car. This of course is where safe cycling and agreeable walking come into the equation. This is the global background. Now let us turn to the topic of this meeting namely share transport and share transport strategies.

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Changzhi - Supporting background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

SHARING IN THE 21ST CENTURY - WILL IT SHAPE OUR CITIES? After many decades of a single dominant city-shaping transportation pattern - namely and for those who could afford it: owning and driving our own cars, trucks, motorcycles and bicycles, getting into taxis by ourselves, riding in streets that are designed for cars and not much else -- there is considerable evidence accumulating that we have already entered into a world of new mobility practices that are changing the transportation landscape in many ways. It has to do with sharing, as opposed to outright ownership. But strange to say, this trend seems to have escaped the attention of the policymakers in many of the places and institutions directly concerned. However transport sharing is an important trend, one that is already starting to reshape at least parts of some of our cities. It is a movement at the leading edge of our most successful (and wealthiest and livable) cities -- not just a watered down or second-rate transport option for the poor. With this in view, we are setting out to examine not just the qualities (and limitations) of individual shared mobility modes, but also to put this in the broader context of why people share. And why they do not. And in the process to stretch our minds to consider what is needed to move toward a new environment in which people can from time to time and for their own good reasons share, rather than necessarily only doing everything on their own when it comes to moving around in our cities worldwide. Share/transport is the largely uncharted, rich middle ground of high-impact, low-carbon, available-now mobility options between the long dominant poles of "private transport" (albeit on public roads) and conventional mass transport (scheduled, fixed-route services) at the two extremes. 20 S/T OPTIONS TO STUDY, UNDERSTAND AND IMPLEMENT: In the print document which I prepared to supplement the short words, you will notice that there is a table which identifies twenty different ways in which sharing in transport can be put to work in our cities. You will be hearing a lot about these from other speakers here, so let me not get into the details.

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Changzhi - Presentation background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

IN CHINA TODAY, as I understand it, there is great and growing interest in two of the most exciting share transport options, namely public bicycle projects and BRT (which is essentially a kind of street sharing project). A WORD ON CARSHARING FOR CHINA: So given me limited amount of time available to me that me not take your time talking about these, other than to share a few words with you about one of the share transport options that may not be immediately self-evident in the Chinese context. In this has to do with CarSharing, which you will be hearing more about from Lewis Chen and Yo Koga later today. I really wish I could dig into this topic, but let me just leave you with some words of encouragement for those concerned government organizations to make a real effort of imagination and energy in order to get to the bottom of this potentially promising mobility option, not only for those living in cities in China but also in smaller communities and even rural areas. CarSharing is a potentially great option for anyone who wants to or needs to have access to their "own car", without the downside of the very high costs that are involved and the many inconveniences that go with car ownership. It is entirely frustrating for me not to be able to get into this in more detail with you, but for now let me just leave you with these words of encouragement and the assurance that there is a great deal more to it than may appear at first glance. So the very least I hope you will keep glancing. GREAT ADVANTAGES OF SHARE TRANSPORT: Let me close with a few words on the great advantages of share transport as a policy and reality in our cities. Relative to traditional transportation measures taken by the public sector, share transport is a field in which things CAN BE DONE (A) VERY QUICKLY AND (B) AT RELATIVELY LOW COST. This should appeal to, especially in a time in which a great deal of money is being spent on expensive infrastructure investments which take a long time to come online in which, when finally they are available, or not getting at the strategic core of the problem, that is reducing the number of motor vehicles on the road and at the same time improving mobility.

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Changzhi - Supporting background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

S/T FOR CHINA: So share transport should definitely be on the policy agenda for China, the level of national government, at the level of your cities, at the level of your universities and research institutions that are well-equipped to dig into this new field of sustainable transportation and make significant contributions. So yes, share transport is important for your cities and for your people. Share transport is something you can do, once you have made up your minds to really dig into it, understand it, and put it to work with a minimum of delay. SHINING EXAMPLE FOR THE WORLD. And if you do this, if you make your best effort on this and start to get the results which will be available through the strategies, you are also going to provide a shining example for other countries in cities around the world that are not approaching this part of the sustainable transportation agenda from a sufficiently strategic perspective. So in closing, let me urge you to make the share/ transport agenda your own . You will be a shining example of the world. And our small plant badly needs such examples. Thank you

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Changzhi - Presentation background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

Annex D: The Seven Pillars of Transition to New Mobility 1

1. An overarching urban environment policy: Such a policy is needed in all our world cities, to coordinate the provision of not just transport, but also housing, energy and other vital services. Tinkering with any one of these issues in isolation is bound to fail, as it has in the past. We can and must do better if we are to meet environmental challenges and improve the health and wellbeing of our citizens. 2. Target improvements for people, quality of life in very specific, felt ways. And not new infrastructure additions, increased vehicle throughput, or top speeds. A citys transport system is not a goal; it is a means to something far more important. 3. Packages of measures: The New Mobility Agenda is distinguished from the old ways of planning and making investments by the fact that it will in most places be characterized by very large numbers of often quite small projects and initiatives. And by many more actors and participants. One of the main challenges of an effective policy will be to find ways to see these various measures as interactive synergistic and mutually supporting projects within a unified greater whole. This is a significant challenge to our planners at all levels. 4. A single systemic performance measure: "People manage what they measure". Chose a single measure of system performance, improvement (degradation) which will somehow cover the performance of the transportation system as a whole. We propose CO2, but it may be either some other GHG indicator or, if you can figure it, traffic in the system as a whole. Once you have it insight, post it and make sure that progress is made widely known over the Web and other accessible public fora. 5. Open planning and outreach: Get away from planning and decision making by experts in private. Reach out into the community and involve the many people who understand the issues and can help deepen the quality of the overall system and help you get broader public support for your performance improvements. 6. Put women first: Transport planning and policy in the past has been almost entirely conducted by men, usually with good education, who see the world through their own lenses. For this reason we have got what we have got. If now we shift our focus to improving transport conditions for women (and children, and older people), we will have systems that much better reflect the needs and the possibilities of our societies. The best way to get this shift going is (a) to start to involve large numbers of women in the planning and decision process, and (b) to ensure that traffic counts and indicators are disaggregated for gender (and if possible for main age groups). 7. Target the short term: The problems we are facing in all our major cities are too immediate and too grave to be allowed to wait. The short term the next two to four years needs to become the main focus for transport policy and investment. At least 80-90% of all spending should be digested to measures, tools and projects that are going to yield significant performance improvements in the next two four years. Once we have done this and achieved the very large results of which we are capable, we can in 2015 perhaps sit down and think about 2050. Ensure success. And the final pillar, which should not be forgotten in a world in which political realities and public opinion are not about to go away. We need to select and work with measures and tools which have proven themselves in other places, and that every act is directed to making sure that we succeed in all we set out to do. Success is critical! It is non-negotiable.
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Notes intended to help in preparing handouts and on-screen sub-titles in Chinese in support of video presentations

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Changzhi - Supporting background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda

New Mobility Partnerships at http://newmobility.org 8 ,rue Joseph Bara 75006 Paris France Tel: +331 7550 3788 Skype: newmobility

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Changzhi - Presentation background notes by Eric Britton, World Streets & the New Mobility Agenda