Safiyya Bint Huyayy

Her name
She is Safiyyah bint Huyay bin Akhtab bin Sa’yah (Sa’nah) bin Tha’labah
Her real name was Zaynab, but she was known by the nickname of
Safiyyah
Her Birth
(c. 610 or 612 – c. 670-674) Safiyya was born in Medina
died at 60
married the prophet at 17
wife of the prophet
from Jewish tribe
very beautiful
battle of khaybar—her husband was killed
very intelligent
About Her
She was an honourable and intelligent woman of noble lineage and
possessing great beauty
She was a Jewish woman captured from the Banu Nadir tribe at age
17, who became Prophet Muhammed’s Wife.
She was titled "Mother of the Believers
Early life
Her Father
Huyayy ibn Akhtab Huyayy ibn Akhtab (‫ ;حيي بن أخطب‬Hebrew: ‫חי בן אחיטוב‬
Huyayy is said to have been a "courageous warrior" and a "learned man".
He was the chief of the Jewish tribe Banu Nadir. (‫)بنو النضير‬
Banu Nadir were one of the 3 main Jewish tribes living in the 7th
century of Medina,now in Saudi Arabia, there were two other major
Jewish tribes: Banu Qurayza and Banu Qaynuqa
When the Banu Nadir were expelled from Medina in 625, her family
settled in Khaybar, an oasis (oasis is an isolated area of vegetation in a
desert, typically surrounding a spring or similar water source. The
location of oases has been of critical importance for trade and
transportation routes in desert areas. Caravans must travel via oases so
that supplies of water and food can be replenished. Thus, political or
military control of an oasis has in many cases meant control of trade on
a particular route.) near Medina. Banu Nadir settled outside the city of
Yathrib, now Medina, because of the Roman persecutions of the Jews in
Palestine.
Her mother, Barra bint Samawal, was from the Banu Qurayza tribe. Barra
came from a very distinguished family from among the Jews of Arabia. She
was from the Banu Quraza tribe

Like other Medinese Jews, Banu Nadir bore Arabic names, but spoke a
distinct dialect of Arabic. They earned their living through agriculture,
money lending, and trade in weapons and jewels, maintaining commercial
relations with Arab merchants of Mecca. Their fortresses were located half
a day's march to the south of Medina. Banu Nadir were wealthy and were
lived in some of the best lands in Medina.

After the hijrah — 622 CE

At one occasion, he had a discussion with Prophet Muhammad upon the
mystical letters beginning some of the suras in the Quran
At first, when his tribe, the Banu Nadir were located at Medina, Huyayy's
hostility to Muhammad was not pronounced

When Abu Sufyan, the Quraysh leader and an enemy of Propeht Muhammad,
presented himself before Huyayy's house, he, fearing to compromise
himself, refused to admit him.
But he was to become the most inveterate enemy of Prophet, so that Ibn
Hisham, Prophet Muhammad's biographer, calls him "the enemy of Allah."

Expulsion of Banu Nadir to Khaybar — 625 CE

But when the Jews, driven by the Muslims from Medina, settled at Khaibar,
Huyayy incited them, with the Arab tribes of Quraish and Ghatafan, into
active revolt against Prophet Muhammad, resulting in the Battle of the
Trench in 627

Battle of the Trench — 627 CE

When Huyayy came to Ka’b ibn As’ad, the chief of the Banu Quraiza, the
latter, having sworn allegiance to Muhammad , hesitated to receive him; but
Huyayy convinced him of the danger which threatened the Jews from
Mohammed, and induced the Banu Qurayza to support him.

Later, Prophet Muhammad took Qamus, the fortress of the Qurayza, carried
to Medina from seven to eight hundred Jews, among them being Huyayy, and
killed them in the market-place. When Huyayy was brought before
Mohammed, he said to him:
"I reproach not myself for having carried on war against thee."
Her father and brother went from Khaybar to join the Meccan and Bedouin
forces besieging Muhammad in Medina during the Battle of the Trench.
When the Meccans withdrew and Prophet Muhammad besieged the Banu
Qurayza, Huyayy and his son fought alongside the latter. In the ensuing
massacre both were killed by Muhammad's followers, together with all the
men of the Banu Qurayza.

Huyayy, like most of the other Jews, was deeply disappointed that the last
Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was a descendant of
Isma'il and not of Ishaq, (the two sons of the Prophet Ibrahim, peace be
upon them), since the Jews of that time claimed exclusive descent from
Ishaq, through the twelve sons of his son Ya'qub (who was also known as
Israel), from whom the twelve tribes of Israel had originated. Not only did
Huyayy resent the fact that the last Prophet had appeared amongst the
Arabs, but also he did not want to lose his position of power and leadership
over his people.
It was for these reasons that Huyayy secretly decided to oppose and fight
the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) while in
public he and the other leaders of the Jews made peace treaties with the
Muslims and the Jews broke as soon as it seemed a favorable time to do so

She was married w/ 2 husbands:

Her Marriage Before married to our Prophet
She was said married to Salam bin Mishkam first-divorced her, but he later
divorced her and left her, then In 627 or early in 628, Safiyya married
Kinana ibn al-Rabi---died after the battle of khaybar—taking care of
treasury
He was treasurer of the Banu Nadir; she was about 17 years old at that
time.
Kinana ibn al-Rabi' (‫كنانة ابن الربيع‬, also Kinana bin al-Rabi, Kinana ibn al-Rabi'a,
Kinana ibn al-Rabi ibn Abu al-Huqayq) was a Jewish leader of seventh-
century Arabia and an opponent of Prophet Muhammad; son of the poet al-
Rabi ibn Abu al-Huqayq , who flourished at Medina in the seventh century,
prior to the appearance of Prophet Muhammad at that town. He had two
brothers al-Rabi and Sallam; all three were declared enemies of Prophet
Muhammad.
Kinana is said to have urged Muhammad to give up the custom during prayer
of turning his face toward Mecca ("Qiblah") in favor of Jerusalem, as had
been the custom in Islam at first.
After the expulsion of the Banu al-Nadir, of which tribe he was a member,
he and his family retired to Khaibar, where they possessed a castle called
Qamus.
The Jewish strongholds at Khaibar were soon after conquered by Propeht
Muhammad, and Kinana was made a prisoner of war. He died later.

Very good in poetry--- both husband

1500
ansar_-- muslims of madinah, very generous very nice ppl
15 muslim killed
39 jewish killed
11 Ansar+ Muhamiirin>>>>> Muhajirin

Battle of Khaybar
After the Messsnger of Allah had signed the Treaty of Al-Hudaibiyah , he
set out for Khaibar in order to conquer t, because the Jews had aided the
disbelievers during the Battle of al-Khandaq. In May 629 , He gave the
standard to Ali bin Abu Talib ( muslim army are 1500 people), and the army
marched until it reached the vicinity of the forts of khaibar,arriving by
night. However, the Prophet (pbuh) did not order an attach on them, for it
was the custom not to attack by night; instead , he would wait until dawn,
then if he heard the call to prayer, he would not attack, but if he did not
hear it, he would attack.

When morning came, the Jews came out of their forts in order to go to their
farms;
They were quite calm, carrying their farming implements and riding their
animals, but when they saw the Muslim army ,they ran back fearfully into
thei forts, crying out “ Muhammed and the army, Muhammed and the army,”

The Messenger of Allah thn attacked the forts of Khaibar and conquered
them one another. Among the forts was the fort known as Al-Qamus,
whichbelonged to Banu Abul-Huqaiq, from whichthe Prophet took captives-
including Safiyyah – after her husbnad Kinnah bin Abul-Huqaiq had been
killed.
In May 629 Muslims triumphed over the Jews (including Banu Nadir) at the
Battle of Khaybar. Although the Jews put up fierce resistance, the lack of
central command and their unprepared ness for an extended siege resulted
in a Muslim victory ( 15 muslims were honoured with martyrdom, 11 are from
the Ansar and 4 are Muhajirin). The Jews surrendered (39 Jews were
killed), but were remained at Khay

The agreement, however, did not cover the Banu Nadir tribe. After the
Jews surrendered, the Muslims killed all the men of the Banu Nadir and took
all the surviving women and children of the Banu Nadir as slaves.

n the aftermath, the women were divided amongst Muhammad and his
followers.[4] Safiyya was assigned to Dihya ibn Khalifa, but Muhammad, threw
his mantle over her as a sign that he had chosen her for himself and
compensated Dihya with Safiyya's two cousins[8] or, according to other
sources, seven head of cattle,[2] and according to a differing source, seven
female slaves.[9

during wedding night…. Abu Ayub ansari---like he is a security guard til

morning outside the tent of the prophet

About ma malakat aymanukum

Arabic :ma malakat aymanukum à what your right hands possess" ‫ما ملكت أيمانهن‬
is a scriptural reference in the Qur'an to female slaves)

According to Muhammad al-Bukhari, Muhammad stayed for three days

between Khaybar and Medina, and there consummated his marriage to
Safiya. His companions wondered if she was to be considered a captive
(Arabic: ma malakat aymanukum) or a wife. The former speculated that they
would consider Safiyya as the Prophet's wife, and thus "Mothers of the
Believers", if Muhammad ordered her to veil herself, else she would be his
slave-girl.[10] Muhammad suggested that Safiyya convert to Islam, which she
did, and thus she become Muhammad's wife, instead of his maid.
[
Despite her conversion, Muhammad's other wives annoyed Safiyya for her
Jewish origin. Doubts about Safiyya's commitment to Islam and the
suspicion that she would avenge her slain kin are recurring themes in the
numerous Muslim biographies of her.[14] In these stories, Muhammad or Umar
admonish the doubters and reaffirm her devotion to Islam.[2]

ma malakat aymanukum
this word has been said 14, in the sexual intercourse it is lawful

surat
24:30-33

Ma malakat aymanukum" in the Qur'an

The main points about "those whom one's right hands possess" in the Qur’an
are:

1- Sexual Intercourse

In Sharia (islamic divine law ), Ma malakat aymanukum is the term for slaves
or captives of war.

It is lawful to have sexual intercourse with those "that your right hand
possess" (i.e. female slaves owned by the master) according to the
translations of the Quran by Yusufali, Pickthal, and Shakir.

2-Dress codes

An-Nur 30–33, in the course of laying down the familiar dress code of Islam,
explains that women "should draw their veils over their bosoms and not
display their beauty" except to various familiar people, including those
"whom their right hands possess".

24:31 And say to the believing women that they should lower their gaze and
guard their modesty; that they should not display their beauty and
ornaments except what (must ordinarily) appear thereof; that they should
draw their veils over their bosoms and not display their beauty except to
their husbands,

Al-Ahzab 55 makes it explicit that the same liberty is given to the Prophet's
wives.

33:55 There is no blame (on these ladies if they appear) before their
fathers or their sons, their brothers, or their brother's sons, or their
sisters' sons, or their women, or the (slaves) whom their right hands
possess. And, (ladies), fear God; for God is Witness to all things.

24:58-O ye who believe! let those whom your right hands possess, and the
(children) among you who have not come of age ask your permission (before
they come to your presence), on three occasions: before morning prayer; the
while ye doff your clothes for the noonday heat; and after the late-night
prayer: these are your three times of undress: outside those times it is not
wrong for you or for them to move about attending to each other: Thus does
God make clear the Signs to you: for God is full of knowledge and wisdom.

They cannot be forced to prostitution if they desire chastity

3-They cannot be forced into prostitution if they desire chastity

24:33 Let those who find not the wherewithal for marriage keep themselves
chaste, until God gives them means out of His grace. And if any of your
slaves ask for a deed in writing (to enable them to earn their freedom for a
certain sum), give them such a deed if ye know any good in them: yea, give
them something yourselves out of the means which God has given to you. But
force not your maids to prostitution when they desire chastity, in order that
ye may make a gain in the goods of this life. But if anyone compels them, yet,
after such compulsion, is God, Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful (to them),

4-you need to be good to them

4-Being good to them

An-Nisa 36 reminds us that a believer should do good to a variety of people,

including "what your right hands possess".
4:36 Serve God, and join not any partners with Him; and do good- to parents,
kinsfolk, orphans, those in need, neighbors who are near, neighbors who are
strangers, the companion by your side, the wayfarer (ye meet), and what
your right hands possess: For God love not the arrogant, the vainglorious;-

God has bestowed His gifts of sustenance more freely on some of you than
on others: those more favoured are not going to throw back their gifts to
those whom their right hands possess, so as to be equal in that respect. Will
they then deny the favours of God?
He does propound to you a similitude from your own (experience): do ye have
partners among those whom your right hands possess, to share as equals in
the wealth We have bestowed on you? Do ye fear them as ye fear each
other? Thus do we explain the Signs in detail to a people that understand.

16:71 God has bestowed His gifts of sustenance more freely on some of you
than on others: those more favoured are not going to throw back their gifts
to those whom their right hands possess, so as to be equal in that respect.
Will they then deny the favours of God?

30:28 He does propound to you a similitude from your own (experience): do

ye have partners among those whom your right hands possess, to share as
equals in the wealth We have bestowed on you? Do ye fear them as ye fear
each other? Thus do we explain the Signs in detail to a people that
understand.

Her dowry is actually her frredom

Aisha—I saw a Jew
Hafsa---O fear Allah
Zaynab bin jahs—camel not able to walk---shall I gaive it to this Jew

Saffiya- complain about Hafsa & Aisha

- how can I be better when my father is Aaron my uncle is Musa and
my husband is Mohammad

Uthman--- b4 he died he saw the prophet & Uthman was fasting

Naila—his wife
 He was reading the Qur’an

Safiyya—4 yrs stayed w/ the prophet

 extreme beauty
 not only love prophet but respected him
 gentleness,
 1---sincere & truthful---she say by Allah, I wish that what is
afflicted to you is afflicted to me now (when the prophet is dying)
---prophet says-- go and rinse your mouth---bcoz of all ur winkling… she is
saying the truth out of her heart
2---loyal--- she care for the companion… delivering water & food
for Uthman
3—remain in good relationship w/ her family--- Umar--- she
maintain tie w/ those Jews,
4--- died in Ramadan.. 1/3 sis son, 100,000 dirhams of land &
money

------A very good example for the reverts whose family are disbelievers
bcoz she continues her kinship w/ them.. that somehow they will follow her in
Islam too.. bringing Jews and Christians together…
Even if she was just a slave and was a Jew she proved to all the other
wives aswell as other Muslims that she is committed to theprophet and
reaffirm her devotion to Islam