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Wbm| | ^JdmZ H$s AMmy{m H$s mU-{VR>m H$amr& H$ht AmnH$s nwZrV r{V | ~Yo A~m g{hV
H$moXS>nm{U ^wda lramM {damO aho h (H$mogboe gXZ Amom, lr {OamKd pXa S>ohar, lr draamKd
pXa Q>S >dm, Am{X) Vmo H$ht ^JdmZ doUwJmonmb m amYmH$U (lr doUwJmonmb pXa, dIam-nbmy, lr
amYmH$U pXa, ~ohQ>m OJb, emhOhmnwa Am{X), H$ht ^yXodr Ama ZrbmXodr Ho$ gmW lr h[a dHw$R>ZmW
({gml, ~ga) Vmo H$ht brd|H$Q>oda Xod (Xod[am), H$ht lrbrZqgh (H$mer) Vmo H$ht lrX ^JdX
ammZwOmMm, lr eR>H$mon dmr, lr dadaw{Z Ed lrXodr, ^yXodr g{hV lr brZmamU ^JdmZ (Jm),
H$ht lr JOomoj Xod (h[ahajo, gmaU)Vmo H$ht ^JdmZ lrmgwXa (MXm^mar, AmOJT>)& bJVm h
AnZr ^{$ go {dmo{hV H$a lr Xo{eHo$ Zo lrZmamU H$mo dHw$R> go ~wbmH$a OJh-OJh ~gm {Xm&
nad AZVlr{d^y{fV namMm nX^mH$ lrOJX Jw ^JdX ammZwOmMm lr H$mMr {Vdm{X^L>H$a
R>mYre JmXr lr{ZdmgmMm dmr Or hmamO Ho$ eXm| |^{$ Vmo dm^m{dH$ ahr& Bgr ^{$-^mdZm go o[aV hmoH$a AnZo {em| mam {gml ~ga M[adZ Am{X
WmZm| | {X Xoem| H$mo ~ZdmH$a ^JdXMmy{mm| H$mo AnZr CnpW{V o {V{R>V H$amo& h CZH$s ^{$ H$m
n[aMmH$ ahm& AnZo gV OrdZ | lrdHw$R>ZmW {XXoe, ~ga, lr JOomoj-Xod-WmZ {X Xoe
h[ahajo Ama lrbrdoL>H$Q>oda XodWmZ Xod[aum g{hV 60 ^ XodWmZm| H$m {ZmU H$am Am-gV{V Ho$
{bo {d{M ^{$-dm{Q>H$m H$m AmnZo {dH$mg {H$m&
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^JdXZVXod Ho$ dVwV: Amn AZnmXr aho& CZHo$ aU-m go {ddb hmo CR>Vo Wo-Hw$Q>r | Om ~mbH$ H$s
Vah H$XZ H$aZo bJVo Wo& d{Z{V Vmom| go AmMm H$m O~ VdZ Zo{hb w$Q> dam| | ~dobm | H$aVo
Vmo gnyU dmVmdaU hr ^{$ hmo OmVm& AmnH$s r{V H$s {doUr (AmMm-r{V, ^JdV-r{V Ed ^mJdV
r{V) H$mo H$mZ $nm{V H$a gH$Vm h? Bg {doUr H$s Vrgar moVpdZr {ZM hr ^mJdV r{V h& ^mJdV
AmnHo$ mU aho Ama Amn ^mJdVm| Ho$ mU& VwV h BgH$m EH$ dbV CXmhaUgZ 1940 | ~{bm OZnX Ho$ ~hdam Jm (ma Xoe) | JJm VQ> na MmVwm H$mb | (O~{H$ lrmZ H$m
gmdm k nyam hmoZo dmbm Wm Ama 15d| MmVwm k H$m Adga Wm), H$amb H$mb$n ZmJ Zo lrMaUm| H$mo S>g
{Xm& {dwV J{V go h ~mV gd $b Jr& h gwZVo hr KadmgS>rh (gn{V {Obm amohVmg) lraZ
{Vdm{X ^L>H$a R> Ho$ VH$mbrZ nrR>mYre mV {dmZ MmXeu X^mfr gV lr 1008 lr
brnZmMm dmr Or hmamO AZeZ na ~R> Jo& hm^mJdV Zo gL>H$n H$a {bm {H$ lr dmr Or H$m
AJb gwZZo Ho$ nhbo mU N>moS> XJm& VrZ {XZm| Ho$ ~mX O~ ~hdam ^oOm Jm XV Zo AmH$a gwgdmX {Xm {H$
{df-eZ hmo Jm, lr dmr Or hmamO gHw$eb h, V~ KadmgS>rh Ho$ nynmX dmr Or hmamO Zo Ob

JhU {H$m! {YH$ma h wP gm H$Jmb H$mo, ^{$hrZ {e H$m Omo mU YZ Jdm H$a ^r Or ahm h& m h
H$Q> ah Zht h {H$ {em| H$s r{V go ^r H$ht JmT>r r{V {eoVa ^mJdVm| H$s Amn | ~Zr ahr&
JY {dd{dmb Ho$ CX {d^mJmj mo. E$. Om Zo {bIm h^$ {Og na OmZ XoVo hm| dmo amOZ Amn h, y$b {IbVo hm| Ohm, w{$ Ho$ YwdZ Amn h&
AmnH$s h~y{~V na IwX {$Xm h~y~ h, MmhVm {OgH$mo {nm hmo dh gwhmJZ Amn h&
lrmZ H$m Zm[aHo$b gmH$ma {Mm Wm, {Og H$U {Mm H$mo AnZo mU-{ ^$m| Ed Jw nanam Ho$ erf
nwfm| Ho$ {dmoJ | g-g na Anma gVmn nhMm& AZV lr {d^y{fV lr H$mMr {Vdm{X^L>H$a
nrR>mYrda namMmnX^mH$ .^. O.Jw. Am. JmXr H$UmMm dmr Or Ho$ dHw$R> JZ Zo AmnH$mo Anma
gVmn {Xm& VWd gV {eamo{U lr 1008 lr OJX Jw am. dm. amKdomMm {XS>r dmr Or Ed
doXmVmVS> hmZm {dX dao lr 1008 lr O.Jw.am. dm. amZmamUmMm {XS>r dmr Or Ogo Xb^
hmmAm| Ho$ dHw$R> JZ Zo hmZ emoH$ AmnHo$ OrdZ | CnpWV {H$m& gXJw H$mo gMm {e nw go H$
mam Zht hmoVm& lrmZ Ho$ ^{$ gamoda | {Ibo Eogo dU H$bm| H$m {dbwV hmo OmZm Xmbw ^$dgb
AmMm Ho$ {bo AH$WZr doXZm H$s KQ>Zm Wr, {Ogo $ H$aZm H${R>Z h {H$ lrdmr Or hmamO Ho$ H$mob
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{XmZwgYmZ h& VWd, lr AZVmMm-n{m, JbmemgZ Ed gw^mV H$s ^md-dUVm, lrbrZmamU
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JrVmmmZ-mbm (N>: IS>m|) H$s {deXVm Ama Bem{XXemon{ZfX Ho$ ^m H$s AZyR>r ebr (gymjammXm
- gym| Ho$ EH$-EH$ Aja H$mo boH$a mm) {dmm H$s namH$mR>m Ho$ n[aMmH$ h& Bem{X nMmon{ZfX JyT>mWXr{nH$m ^mfm mm (Be, Ho$Z, H$R>, Z, Ed wS>H$mon{ZfX H$s mm) mSy>mwn{Zfr (mSy>,
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AhW {ddoH$ Vd ~moY dOaoIm Ogm Eogm A{Q> h {H$ Ana Vmdb~r {XL>ZmJmMmm] H$m Wyb hVdbon ^r
Bgo {Q>m Zht nmm-BgH$s grjm ^mpV ~ZH$a ah Jr& nwZ: lrmZ mam {ZwIL>Mno{Q>H$m H$m CXKmof
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| {dnwb mU JWm| go nJ-nJ na A{^$ AW H$m gmnZ-Ho$db {dmm hr Zht, {d{M ~w{mm H$m ^r
n[aMmH$ h {H$ Eogr nwQ> m{UH$ mm na H$b CR>mZo Ho$ nyd XamJhr {MVH$ gm gm ~ma gmoMZo H$mo
{dde hmo Om& emm| | JhZ nR> Zo ^$-mZg-gamoda-amb lr dmr Or H$mo hm emmWu $n ^r Xo
{Xm {OZHo$ qghZmX go hmhmonmm lr Jmo{dX emr, n. lr haoam emr, n. lr H$bmH$a emr, lr
A{IbmZX Or gadVr, lr {Zml Or, Ed lr yZrdamZX Or Ama {$a AhW {ddoH$ Ho$ {dnj | IS>m
EH$ ~hV ~S>m {dV gmO ^r Vp^V ah Jm& mdh[aH$ pQ> go ^r OrdZ | {dm mpV Ho$ hd H$mo
drH$ma H$aVo ho Bhm|Zo EH$ XOZ go A{YH$ CM {dmbm| Ed hm{dmbm| (gH$V {ejm Ed AmYw{ZH$
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H$s nXmm H$s Wr Ama 108 {X Xoem| | {deof $n go XeZ Ama AMZ {H$o& BZ| {d{^Z {Xgy[am| Ed
Vndr ^$m| mam ^JdmZ H$m gmjmH$ma Ama JbmemgZ {H$m Jm h& lrOJZmWnwar Ho$ EH$ {g gV Ho$
AZwZ H$mo drH$ma H$a hr lrmZ Zo OZVm H$mo {e ~ZmZm ma^ {H$m& H$mbVa | gw{em| H$s gm
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5. lr dmr ZmaXOr hmamO, H$N>dm (amhVmg)

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7. lr dmr Jmo{dXmMm Or nahg, eH$anwa (amohVmg)
8. lr dmr amKdomMm Ora hmamO, XodKmQ>, Jm&
d.dm. O.Jw.am. doXmVmVUS> Vr dmr amZmamUmMm Or hmamO Zo lr dmr Or hmamO H$s e:lr
H$mo AnZo OrdZ H$mb | {dd{V H$aZo H$m ^anya Z {H$m& hmHw$^m| Ho$ Adga na H$s{VmZ Wm{nV H$aZo
dmbo ~hX ~mS>o H$m AmoOZ, {dV gJmoR>r H$m gmmoOZ, ^JdX ammZwOmMm H$s {Xmkm H$m gd Mma
gma, XrZ gXmMmar N>mm| Ho$ {dmOZ | IwbH$a XX, gXm {dfH$ JyT> {Z~Ym| H$m UZ Ed JW
H$meZ, Amom H$mogboe gXZ H$m V {dH$mg Bm{X AmnH$s hdnyU CnbpYm h& lr dmr Or hmamO
Ho$ mZm| Amn X Wo& AmnH$s H$s{m-dOm H$mo AmMm H$nm demV g{V O. Jw. am. dm. amZmamUmMm
Or hmamO Ho$ gmZ hr mV: aUr AXmMm lr dmr Or hmamO Ho$ H$nmnm Wo dmr lr
amKdomMm Ora Or hmamO, XodKmQ>, Jm& Amn gabVm Ama ghOVm H$s y{m Wo& AmnZo emhOhmnwa Ed
C.. Ho$ npM ^mJ | dUdVm H$m nyam Mma {H$m& g{V BZHo$ gwmo {e O. Jw. am. dm. amKdmMm
Or hmamO AnZo H$m| go AmMm H$s H$s{m H$mo gd{bV H$a aho h& EH$ A {XJO XmCXZJa nrR>mYrda lr
dmr amnZmMm H$sVZ-H$bm{Z{Y Or dVwV: lr dmr Or hmamO H$s g^mAm| Ho$ {d[M H$bmnr Wo,
{OZHo$ H$sVZ H$s Ywa Hy$H$ ^{$-dm{Q>H$m | AmZX-bhar ^a XoVr Wr& Bg nrR> H$mo g{V dm. YwgyXZmMm
Or hmamO g^mb aho h& eH$anwa Ho$ lr dm. Jmo{dXmMm nahg Or Ho$ dHw$R> dmg go [a$ {XJO H$m nX
O. Jw. am. dm. lrZmamUmMm {XS>r dmr Or hmamO, lrbrZqgh pXa, H$mer H$mo {b Jm h Ama
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4. O. Jw. am. dm. lr amMmMmOr nwH$aamO Ed lr {XpS>Xod godml, ~ohQ>m OJb&
5. O. Jw. am. dm. lr amKdmMm Or, lr ammZwO R>, Jm&
6. O. Jw. am. dm. lr ZmamUmMm Or, lr brZqgh pXa, H$mer&
7. O. Jw. am. dm. lr bUmMm Or, lr JOomoj XodWmZ, h[aha jo (gmoZnwa)
8. O. Jw. am. dm. XrZ~Yw XrZmZmWmMm Or, H$mer&
9. O. Jw. am. dm. npS>Vda S>m. H$bmgn{V {nmR>r Or, H$mer&
10. O. Jw. am. dm. lr YwgyXZmMm Or, XmCXZJa&
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H$s b~r OmV h, emmW {ZnwU hmnpS>Vm| H$m gmO h {Oh| mZm| {dH${gV Ama ge$ H$a lr dmr
Or Zo gMo Xo{eHo$ H$s ^y{H$m {Z^mr h& CXmhaUmW m hV dX | lramOomMm dmr Or hmamO
Ogo hmm dX km{X nmdZ H$m| mam lrgXm H$m AX^wV gdZ H$a aho h&
nmfX ~Mmar JU
A~ lrdmr Or hmamO Ho$ Vnmo OrdZ | nmfX Ho$ $n | H$H$namU ~Mmar JU H$s godm Ama gmYZm
^r CboIZr h& edarZmW H$m IJmob go H$moB {M boJm Vmo gwYmH$a Ho$ {V{~~ Ho$ gmW MH$Vo Vmao ^r Vmo
ah|Jo& h EH$ WmW V h {H$ d. dm$. W MVw^O
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lr AbH$mZX Or, Xgao MVw^O
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dmr Or hmamO Ama nrN>o nrN>o doV d Ymar MVw^wO
dmr Or hmamO H$mo {Zhma H$a Eogm bJVm Wm
mZm| gy Ama MmX H$s Ag^d OmoS>r hmo-AJa gy mZ w$$H$ma H$s VoO {H$aU| {~IoaVo hm| Vmo Mm
X wH$mZ H$s erVb {H$aU! hm! h OmoS >r H$hm Jr!
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pXa, S>ohar), lr H$bH$mV dmr Or, lr brnZ dmr Or (g{V, lr br nZ Ora dmr
Or) lr gwXaamO dmr Or Ed ghmoJr Vmng Ho$ $n | lr AwVnZ dmr Or Ed lr mgwXa dmr
Or& lrnmX godH$ lr gwXeZmMm dmr Or na nynmX lr dmr Or H$m Zoh AJmY $n go N>mm ahm Ama
BhmoZo ^r km{X Ho$ H$H$mS> Ho$ ^ma H$m gdXm {Xb go dhZ {H$m& VrW dVm{X H$s dmgZm mJ EH$m
lrMaU H$mo hr gdd gP H$H$aV aho& VWd, dmod hmoH$a ^r lr H$bmH$mV dmr Or CMV H$H$
gmYZm Ho$ {VmZ ~Zo aho& lr br nZ dmr Or Zo, Omo mJ H$s {Vy{V h, AmMmXod Ho$ nmXnrR> H$mo
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dmod nynmX JwXod H$s godm | mZ ~mbH$ gm bJo aho& Eogr hr egZr ghO r{V Ama godmnamUVm
^mobo-^mbo gV lr AwV nZ dmr Or Ed lr gwXaamO dmr Or H$s ahr h& h gV gV S>br
na ny h& {Xb H$s H$mZm h {H$ O-OmVa | AmMm H$nm demV lr dmr Or hmamO Ho$ EVme
nmfXm| H$s MaU Yy{b {bVr aho&
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AYH$ma hr AYH$ma&
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hm hm bmZwIr H$pnVVZy: Yram Yam H$X{V& {ddgoZ Vm {XpS>{Z dao brZo nao ~{U&&
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^mdwH$ ^$ Amw H$s H$mZm go AYra Wo& nynmX gPmVo Wo-eVmwd nwf:-gmo Zo H$^r H$m nyU H$a {bm&
Ama kmZ d hmm gPZm MmhVo Wo-gm{Y Wb H$hm hmo? hm ny O.Jw.am.Vr dmr XodZmH$mMm
Or hmamO mam nynmX lr dmrOr hmamO go {H$m Jm AZwamoY CboIZr h& AmnZo Xod[am | lr
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{H$m- hmamO! lrmZ Ho$ gXm Ho$ X{jU ^maVr AmMmJU H$s nanam ahr h {H$ O~VH$ dW aho,
eara ghmoJr ahm, Ky-Ky H$a Y Mma H$aVo Wo& A{YH$ Amw hmo OmZo na {$a lraJ | {Zdmg H$aVo Wo
Ama dht gm{Y bo boVo Wo& lrmZ H$m lraJ Vmo {gml (~ga) hr h& AmnH$ nydmMmm] Zo (lrn{V
nrR>mYrda hmm dX) ^r ht eara mJ {H$o h& lrmZ dht MbH$a dmg H$a|&
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hm^mJm ^y{ Zo, OJX~m grVm H$mo Ogo ^yXodr Zo AnZo AL>H$ | aI {bm Wm-AnZo bmS>bo H$mo JmoX | {N>nm
{bm& nanmdZr JJm Or Ho$ X{jU VQ> na lr brZmamU pXa Ed dHw$R>ZmW {X Xoe-XmoZm| Ho$ ~rM
ZF$ H$moU na Vwbgr-~mJ | nwnmN>m{XV nUHw$Q>r | {XZmL>H$ 2-12-1999 mJerf H$U nj Xer
Jwdma H$mo nydmZ | UdmoMmaU g{hV namMm H$m aU H$aVo ho wZr lr {XS>r dmr Or hmamO
Zo ^JdmZ lrZmamU Ho$ {Z H$H$ Ho$ {bo Eo{hH$ brbm H$m gdaU H$a {bm&
agofw moZZo {dH$o mJerfHo$& Cmam$mJwZr^o@W Xem{gVo Jwam&&
ZXZo@Xo {XpS> lr{ddgoZmo hmw{Z:& moJYmaUm {X dmMm nXdJmV&&
hmmm
emoH$ H$m gmJa CS> CR>m-AJ{UV dUdm: {N>Zybdjm Bd {Zn X:& {XZmL>H$ 3-12-1999 H$mo nynmX
lr dmr Or hmamO Ho$ lr {dJh H$mo Jw-nanam-nmR>, -aZmZwgYmZ Ed nwf-gy$ Ho$ nmR> Ho$ gmW
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dHw$R>ZmW-gpZ{Y drWr Ed {gml Ho$ XodmVZm| VH$ n[a^U H$amm Jm& {dmZ nwZ: Vwbgr ~mJ |
bmm Jm& eI, H$mhbr Am{X dmm| H$s d{Z go {Xem| JyOVr Wt& Vwbgr ~mJ Ho$ | {XS> Ho$ ~am~a
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mJr Or hmamO (O. Jw. am. Vr dmr XodZmH$mMm Or Ho$ A{Vd hmoZo Ho$ MbVo) H$m lrbrZmamU
pXa Ho$ nrR>>mYre Ho$ $n | nQ>Q>m{^foH$ hAm, VrZ-VrZ hmkm| lr brZmamU hmk, lrX^mJdV
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na X H$s hH$ Vmo dgr H$s dgr hr ~Zr h& ho lrZmamU! lrMaUm| H$s Yy[b | nhM m XoVo!
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6. {ZmUH$mb | gy H$s hmXem | ewH$ H$s AVXem h& Cmam$mJwZr Zj h, {OgH$m dmr Am
(gy) h-gymm{Xm: (AaH$mof)& A{Mam{X mJ Ho$ A{YR>mVm gy h& BZH$s ghmVm (ZoV d) | ewH$
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H$m$fXoeg^dm Z: eVm{YH$ImYrem Z: {XpS>dm{Zo Z:
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mohm VwarmlYmaH$m Z: hmOgo Z: {H$mbkm Z:
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lmo{~gpZR>m Z: Zom{XfQ>{H$mH$am Z: {godam Z:
gwemkm Z: ^$Hw$O{XdmH$am Z: nmgZgmgrZm Z:
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gmJXeH$mZ: Vrny{OVm Z: nMgH$mam Z:
AmVOZn[amo Z: dHw$R>goZm{YnVo Z: gwXeZmoXZmamUdpXVm Z:
{gmloebrZm Z: MVw^wahfXm Z: dmf^lw{VmVS>m Z:

nUembm{YdmgH$m Z: {dUw{Mm{VR>mo Z: gdVdVm Z:


bjm{YH$gw{emT>m Z: bmoH$mm}{${dH$mgH$m Z: Bem{XXemon{ZfX^mH$} Z:
AmoKdaXmo Z: mwZmm}{$dH$m Z: {XpS>XodJWmbm{Zmo Z:
moVpdZrVQ>mdm{gZo Z: {d{eQ>mVdH$m Z: AVV{dN>oo Z:
doXmJgwnmofH$m Z: A{IbmmdmnXMm[aUo Z: gwYr{m Z:
emVdnwfo Z: VoOpdZo Z: emoH$Vmn{dZmem Z:
ggmVd{fUo Z: nwnmbmYmaH$m Z: MmVwmdVMm[aUo Z:
mKgamoe:Xm Z: lrdm^yfUkm Z: ${U$UmdbL>H$Vm Z:
^$H$nm Z: D$dnwS>gwemo{^Vm Z: dmVmmbmWVdkm Z:
AWnMH$~moYH$m Z: nmnmnhm Z: doXkm Z:
mmmZwf$nH$m Z: gV{Xgy[aO^yVbXeH$m Z: {XpS>XodgodmlWmnH$m Z:
H$mUXm Z: Jmm ammZwOgMH$m Z: AZVeVmX>jnXgwemo{^Vm Z:
VrYmVS>Q>o Z: w{$ZmamUgmww{$Xm{Zo Z: haoamhaoH$U{ZH$smZH$maH$m Z:
AmomH$mogboegXZoamm{XnyOH$m Z: dXmdZohm{dmbWmnH$m Z: gmYwg{o dVnmXmOm Z:
gXmMmmdVmaH$m Z: lr^yXodr{d{eQ>ZmamUgMH$m Z: h[amagVgamodamlH$maH$m Z:
AQ>momaeV{XXoeJbH$} Z: MVw$bXmH$m Z: {dUwbmoH$XmH$m Z:
{dmomamQ>{XJO{VR>mo Z: A{VmZdm Z: AhW{ddoH${mo Z:
eanyUm}gdmZXXmH$m Z: ^$dgbm Z: JrVmmmZmbmH$maH$m Z:
&& B{V lr{XpS>>dm{Zm Udm{XZmo@Vm AQ>mo maeVZmmd{b: &&

&& lrVo ammZwOm Z:&&


&AW lr {XpS>dm{Zm n{m ma^:&
lremL>{K nL>H$O gwYmZw gmZwamJ, H$mfm{V M gwZmo@{Ib ggo:&
gww O{YVd H$fm {ddH$goZoemo{JMaUm eaU no&&1&&
^mObmQ>dag{MVmodnw S>: ew^mondrVgw{eImwVgw{XS>:&
mo dm{X^r{VH$XZVJwamo: gw{e: goZoemo{JMaUm eaU no&&2&&
{gmlo M[aVZm dZo@{^{f$:, : lrnVr{V{d{XVo {hVofw nrR>o&
Lr amH$U Jwd nXmO^:, goZoemo{JMaUm eaU no&&3&&
m moOZ pWV gwJmOb Xoem-dmmUdlw{V {dXJO de Mm&
Xm{H$Zr gawVrW gwkm[a, goZoemo{JMaUm eaU no&&4&&
JrdmUdmpd^ddZXj{dm-nrR>ofwgdaO{dYmH$m m&
Lr doXmJ n[anwpQ> {dYmV {ddH$ goZoemo{JMaUm eaU no&&5&&
mo dm nmodVwXmaVa Jhrdm, AQ>momaeV{X gwXoe gyQ>o:&
ZmamU da JbH$m[a {ddH$ goZoemo{JMaUm eaU no&&6&&
ZmamUoZ am {WV n{m Y {dd{YVwwarH$V {dJhm m&
ZmamUmV {nVwaWopXam gwmm, goZoemo{JMaUm eaU no&&7&&
lr^mH$madadehmXrnm, bmoH$mgy{$dadfU dm[admhm&
lrN>R>m[aMaUm~wOamOhg, goZoemo{JMaUm eaU no&&8&&
lr VmoaZda^mdH$meH$ma: {MVm[U dMZ^yfUHo$@nH$mo :&
modmWnMH$gw{d~moYH$mar, goZoemo{JMaUm eaU no&&9&&
MyS>mqU M {dbm gw{da dmVm-mbm{d^yfUH$amo g{hVmo h{:&
AQ>mmoJ gwgm{Y {d{Yk {ddH$ goZoemo{JMaUm eaU no&&10&&
AMmgMZ nwaga doXmJ-{dbmdZ d{VJU {ea: gwdOm&
nmfpS >XpV-H$Q> ^oXZ qgh {ddH$ goZoemo{JMaUm eaU no&&11&&
&& B{V n{m gmVm&&
&& lradawZo Z:&&
&AW lr {XpS>dm{Zm JbemgZ ma^:&
Jb {Vdm goZoe{VyVo& dm{X^rH$adem {ddgoZmmo{JZo&&1&&
Jb amH$Um H$nmVJwUameo& lremL>wYkm {ddgoZmmo{JZo&&2&&
Jb dm{X^rH$amZVmH$UmdemV& bY gdmW emm {ddgoZmmo{JZo&&3&&
Jb Jwdm lr gZmVZ d{XH$& Y bmoVw dmmZm {eamo dO damL>Ko&&4&&
k: gw{dVVbm}Ho$ XodmZm moXH$m[aUo& {ddgoZ Vrm {Zlr{ZJb&&5&&
moJ{gX>mV: H$mbm}H$JbH$m[aUo& {ddgoZm wZo {Zlr{ZJb&&6&&

ammZwOm H$Um nyUnmm mo{JZo& {ddgoZm wZo {Zlr{ZJb&&7&&


nmodVn{dm lreJbH$m[aUo& {ddgoZm wZo {Zlr{ZJb&&8&&
{Z gw{d{hVmMma {VmYdyVo& {ddgoZm wZo {Zlr{ZJb&&9&&
mmZ: ew^boIM lr^mmW d{fUo& {ddgoZm wZo {Zlr{ZJb&&10&&
brnZ a{MV Vw{V nwnm{MVmL>Ko& {ddgoZm wZo {Zlr{ZJb&&10&&
&& B{V JbemgZ gmV&&
& AW {XpS> dm{Zm gw^mV ma^:&
lramH$UJwnmXgamoO^ lr dm{X^rH$XZVJw moX&
ammZwOm wInL>H$Ogy {ddH$ goZoemo{J ^JdVd gw^mV&&1&&
lrV gZmVZ gwZr{V {ddZm, dmXmZ {dYy Hw${V dO gwbVmZ&
C{mR> OmJ{h VrX YwarU {ddH$ goZoemo{J ^JdVd gw^mV&&2&&
JAWmZ {M~hbmpb{IVw ^mVo, bmoH$mZ gmgwnXoQw>{VeVmZ&
Lr doXmJ{VeVVa {dYmVw, goZoemo{J ^JdVd gw^mV&&3&&
bmoH$mg{y $ danL>H$O ^mH$am lr mwZmdagy{${dH$mgH$ma&
AmMm gV{Vgwdm gXWH$ma, goZoemo{J ^JdVd gw^mV&&4&&
AmamYZ aM{Vw H$bmgI ggm{Y{d{YZm {Vnwdm&
C{mR> moJnW d^d ~moYH$m[aZ, goZoemo{J ^JdVd gw^mV&&5&&
H$mnrZw H${Q>d H$S>byM, lrXVH$mR>{n ho {VamOd&
nmUm {ZYm {XdgpV {dewJmm:, goZoemo{J ^JdVd gw^mV&&6&&
{emo gw{dZV: n[aJ gm:, lr nmXHo$ Vd nXmOwJo mow$&
m[a pWqV aMVo {dZVm{Vhm[aZ, goZoemo{J ^JdVd gw^mV&&7&&
ZmVw gwOZwVZmg{bbofw {e:, {dkVWm {VdadadUdo:&
EH$mpV{^: na^mJdV{Zfo , goZoemo{J ^JdVd gw^mV&&8&&
~mo {d~w gw~wYm: Jw gVqV dm, gH$ U hao Z BwXma&
CMm Vo gw{db OwpX>JapV, goZoemo{J ^JdVd gw^mV&&9&&
lrH$mVYm{Zbmo BhmpV Xod:, lrJbm{VH${foU {d~moYmVm&
gX pQ>nmV gwIwmmVwO: C{mR> ho {VJwamo Vd gw^mV&&10&&
mV: nR>pV n[aV: nanZm, AQ>mjawIJUmZ gw{XmZ&
lr dUdmVd nXmO {Z{dQ>^mam:, goZoemo{J ^JdVd gw^mV&&11&&
&& B{V gw^mV gmV&&

AZV lr gbL>H$V ^JdXZVnmXr nynmX lr dmr Or hmamO mam MmVwm dV Ho$ AV


| gnm{XV 74 hmk
(m| hmVndr kmdVma lr dmr Or hmamO mam H$ar~ 300 {demb k gnZ H$amo Jo, na hm CZ|
go Ho$db {Vdf MmVwm dV H$s gmpV na Ammo{OV hmkm| H$m {ddaU VwV h)H$ gm
k H$m {ddaU
WmZ
gZ
gdV
1. lr mOmn k (W MmVwm k)lr doL>H$Q>oeXodWmZ ($UgdmS>r-~~B) 1926 1983
2. lr m{V k H$mda (dmamUgr)
1927 1984
3. lr k {ghm (emhm~mX) 1928 1985
4. lr {damQ> {dUw k dm{OVnwa (~{bm) 1929 1986
5. lr hmZmamU k Im{bgnwa (JmOrnwa) 1930 1987
6. lr hm{dUw k EH$mZm (emhm~mX) 1931 1988
7. lr {dUw hm k nmS>onwa (emhm~mX) 1932 1989
8. lr {damQ> {dUwk {gVm~{Xmam (N>nam) 1933 1990
9. lr hmk gmoZ~agm (emhm~mX) 1934 1991
10. lr nwfmomhmk ~hmoaZnwa (emhm~mX) 1935 1992
11. lr hmZmamU k ZJdm (~{bm) 1936 1993
12. lr hmZmamU k {ghm (emhm~mX) 1937 1994
13. lr hm{dUw k OJZmWnwar (Amo{S >em) 1938 1995
14. lr hmZmamU k nT>anwa (emobmnwa) 1939 1996
15. lr hm k ~hdam (~{bm) 1940 1997
16. lr amYmH$U hm k {ZgZnwam (nQ>Zm) 1941 1998
17. lr {dUw hm k dm{OVnwa (~{bm) 1942 1999
18. lr {damQ> {dUw hm k ZoH$ZmQ>mbo m (emhm~mX) 1943 2000
19. lr hmbr k S>mMm~ma (nbmy) 1944 2001
20. lr hmZmamU k N>nam (N>nam) 1945 2002
21. lr ~oda k ~bwAm, JmKmQ> (emhm~mX) 1946 2003
22. lr hmbr k XmCXZJa (Jm) 1947 2004
23. lr hmZmamU k ~Am {bmoH$MH$ (N>nam) 1948 2005
24. lr hmZmamU k A{VrJO (emhm~mX) 1949 2006
25. lr brZmamU k hAma (emhm~mX) 1950 2007
26. lr hmbr k YZS>rhm (emhm~mX) 1951 2008
27. lr hmbr k hXr (emhm~mX) 1952 2009
28. lr hmbrZmamU k kmZnwa {g[am (emhm~mX) 1953 2010

29.
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43.
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45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.

lr
lr
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hmbr k Jamd (emhm~mX) 1954 2011


hmZmamU k ZZrOmoa (emhm~mX) 1955 2012
hmbr k EH$mZm (emhm~mX) 1956 2013
brZmamU k AN>m (Jm) 1957 2014
hmbrZmamU k ngm, daS>rhm (nbmy) 1958 2015
hmbr k H$mda (dmamUgr) 1959 2016
A{V{dUwhm k Ibnwam (N>nam) 1960 2017
hmZmamU k {edXem dWam (dmamUgr) 1961 2018
hmbr k ~hmoaZnwa (emhm~mX) 1962 2019
hmbrZmamU k htJwVaJT> ~yT>onwa (dmamUgr) 1963 2020
hmbrZmamU k b~XZm (Jm) 1964 2021
brZmamU hmk {dXmb (nQ>Zm) 1965 2022
{damQ> brZmamU hmk hdmar (dmamUgr) 1966 2023
{damQ> brZmamU hmk Q>S >dm (emhm~mX) 1967 2024
hmbrZmamU k {Mbha, S>oTw>Am (emhm~mX) 1968 2025
hmbr k naZmnwa-dWam (dmamUgr) 1969 2026
hmbr ZmamU k S>ohar (emhm~mX) 1970 2027
hmbr ZmamU k amZrXodm (nbmy) 1971 2028
hmbr ZmamU k drgynwa (dmamUgr) 1972 2029
brZmamU hmk ~~wam (emhm~mX) 1973 2030
brZmamU hmk amnwa (nbmy) 1974 2031
brZmamU hmk ZdrZJa (Jm) 1975 2032
hmbrZmamU k gmoZ~agm (emhm~mX) 1976 2033
hmbrZmamU k nH$S>r (dmamUgr) 1977 2034
hmbrZmamU k ~hdam (~{bm) 1978 2035
hmbrZmamU k JmonrJO {~hamoOnwa 1979 2036
hmbrZmamU k Bdanwam (emhm~mX) 1980 2037
hmbrZmamU k ~bwAm KmQ> (H$mer) 1981 2038
hmbrZmamU k ZoH$ZoQ>mob (^moOnwa) 1982 2039
hmbrZmamU k bmohmqgh H$m Q>mobm, {gVm~{Xmam (gmaU) 1983 2040
hm{dUw k YZS>rhm (emhm~mX) 1984 2041
hmbrZmamU k hXodm (amohVmg) 1985 2042
hmbrZmamU k ~~wam (^moOnwa) 1986 2043

62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.

lr
lr
lr
lr
lr
lr
lr
lr
lr
lr
lr
lr
lr

hmbrZmamU
hmbrZmamU
hmbrZmamU
hmbrZmamU
hmbrZmamU
hmbrZmamU
hmbrZmamU
hmbrZmamU
hmbrZmamU
hmbrZmamU
hmbrZmamU
hmbrZmamU
hmbrZmamU

k
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
k

ghma{dham (nbmy) 1987 2044


Jamd (amohVmg) 1988 2045
{N>VmZr (dmamUgr) 1989 2046
AmoPmnQ>Q>r {g[am (^moOnwa) 1990 2047
MXm^[ama (~ga) 1991 2048
ghonwa (dmamUgr) 1992 2049
OVnwam (nbmy) 1993 2050
gbonwa (^moOnwa) 1994 2051
Jmonmbnwa dWam (dmamUgr) 1995 2052
bNy>Q>mbo m gwaoZnwa (^moOnwa) 1996 2053
O~qh (~{bm) 1997 2054
ZZrOmoa (^moOnwa) 1998 2055
~rgynwa (dmamUgr) 1999 2056

kmkm-^mH$a mV: aUr lr dmr Or hmamO mam UrV JWW-aZ


(lr {XpS>Xod JWmbm Ho$ {d{dY gyZ)
1. AW lr Jw nanam 2. lr AZVmMm n{m: 3. lr AZVmMm JbmemgZ
4. lr AZVmMm gw^mV 5. lr brZmamU n{m: 6. lr brZmamU JbmemgZ
7. lr brZmamU gw^mV 8. Vr YmVS> 9. d{XH$ moJ gJh 10. d{XH$ y{VnO
y mXe
11. d{XH$ lm VnU 12. emmW Xr{nH$m 13. AmVd rmgm 14. AmMm eVH$
15. Jw nanam ^mfm 16. Vr dU ^md 17. MH$mO S>b {M 18. {ddgoZnyOmH$me
19. nMgH$ma n{V 20. Am-rmgm 21. Vmo-aZmJmar 22. {gml mhm 23. AhW {ddoH$
24. nyOm {d{Y 25. H$Q>H$moma 26. nwopQ> mJ {d{Y 27. JrVmW gJh-^mdH$m{eH$m Q>rH$m
28. nwf gy$-~mo{YZr Q>rH$m 29. lrgy$-~mo{YZr Q>rH$m 30. wHw$Xmbm H$s mm
31. {H$mH$ad MpH$m 32. lrdUdH$XnU, 33. nMmMm {Vdm{X^H$a OrdZ M[a
34. AmbdXma Vmo H$s ^mdH$m{eH$m Q>rH$m, 36 daXdb^ Vmo H$s ^mdH$m{eH$m Q>rH$m
36. AW nMH$ H$s ~mo{YZr mm, 37 lrdMZ^yfU H$s {MV{U Q>rH$m
38. dmVmmbm H$s MyS >m{U Q>rH$m, 39. {Zw^JMno{Q>H$m, 40. VVMH$mH$Z H$me
41. n{mw$mdbr H$s mm, 42. dmH$aU nm[aOmV, 43. X{jU {XXoe mm {ddaU
44. lrdm{M[aVmV (16 IS>m| |), 45. Bem{XnMmon{ZfX H$s JyT> mW Xr{nH$m
46. mS>bmon{Zfr H$s JyT>mW Xr{nH$m, 47. ~hXmaH$mon{ZfX H$s JyT>mW Xr{nH$m
48. N>mXmomon{ZfX> H$s JyT>mW Xr{nH$m, 49. JrVm mmZmbm (6 IS>m| |)
BZ ~hy JWm| | lrdMZ^yfU H$s {MVm{U Q>rH$m Ho$ 4 gH$aU, dmVmmbm H$s MyS>m{U Q>rH$m Ho$ 3
gH$aU, Bem{XXemon{ZfXm| H$s JyS>mWXr{nH$mAm| Ho$ 2-2 gH$aU Ama JrVm mmZ mbm Ho$ 6 IS>m| |
{H$gr Ho$ 3 {H$gr Ho$ 4 gH$aU hmo MwHo$ h& lr dm{M[aVmV {em| mam h&

XodVm { {XXod lr drrOr hmamO mam {VR>m{nV Xod-pXa Ed {dm Ho$


(pX> Xoe)
1. lr dHw$R>ZmW {XdXoe-{gml, ~ga ({~hma)
2. lr JOomoj XodWmZ-h[ahajo, gmoZnwa ({~hma)
3. lr brdoL>H$Q>oda XodWmZk-Xod[am (Cma Xoe)
XodmVZ
1. lr brZmamU pXa, ~ga (nyd Wm{nV pXa H$m {dH$mg Ed {dVma)
2. lr H$mogboe gXZ-Amom (Cma Xoe)
3. lr ammZwOmMm R>, Jm ({~hma)
4. lr Zmdma R>, OJZmWnwar (Amo{S >em)
5. lr {dOmamKd pXa, S>ohar-AmZ=gmoZ ({~hma)
6. lr br Zqgh pXa, H$mer (Cma Xoe)
7. lr doL>H$Q>oe pXa, nM{Im, amO{J[a ({~hma)
8. lr amYmH$U pXa, dmUrnwa, ny{Um ({~hma)
9. lr am pXa, whbm H$Q>am, N>nam ({~hma)
10. lr Jmonmb pXa, A{mda, amhVmg ({~hma)
11. lr doL>H$Q>oe pXa, bmVya
12. lr amYmH$U pXa, amMr ({~hma)
13. lr doUwJonmb pXa, XmCXZJa, Amam~mX ({~hma)
14. lr aKwZmW pXa, XmCXZJa, Amam~mX ({~hma)
15. lr H$U pXa,{ZoO, ^moOnwa ({~hma)
16. lr amYmH$U pXa, hAar, amohVmg ({~hma)
17. lr bjrZmamU pXa, eH$anwa, amohVmg ({~hma)
18. Lr grVmam pXa, Ohmoa, AmaJm~mX ({~hma)
19. lr OJZmW pXa, doVJm na, nwar (Amo{S>em)
20. lr br Zqgh pXa, bmX KmQ>, H$mer (Cma Xoe)
21. lr gH$Q>moMZ pXa, ~hdmam, ~{bm (Cma Xoe)
22. lr brZmamU pXa, Xod AmaJm~mX ({~hma)
23. lr amYmH$U pXa, {~hQ>m OJb, emhOhmnwa (Cda Xoe)
24. lr am pXa, gH$ar, Jm&
25. lr bjrZmamU pXa-h[ama (Cma Xoe)
26. lr am pXa, nrnaS>rh ({~hma)
27. lr doL>H$Q>oe pXa, ^Jwjo, ~{bm (Cma Xoe)

28. lr mgwXa pXa, MXm^mar, AmOJT> (Cma Xoe)


29. lr grVmam pXa, bmYmg&
30. lr am pXa, H$mda, H$mer (Cma Xoe)
31. lr hmdra pXa, {ednmbnwa&
32. lr grVmam pXa, JBZr&
33. lr doL>H$Q>oe pXa, XYrMml, N>nam ({~hma)
34. lr OmZH$saU pXa, Zm~mOma, Mnam ({~hma)
35. lr amYmH$U pXa, ZaJXm, ^moOnwa ({~hma)
36. lr brZmamU pXa, kmZJwXar, dXmdZ (Cma Xoe)
37. lr draamKd pXa, Q>S>dm, amohVmg ({~hma)
38. lr amYmH$U pXa, H$N>bm, ~Xmy (Cma Xoe)
39. lr {XpS>Xod ggml, S>ohar, amohVmg ({~hma)
40. lr bjrZmamU pXa, hWy, Amam~mX ({~hma)
41. lr grVmam pXa, ~S>H$s IS>md, ^moOnwa ({~hma)
42. lr brZmamU pXa, bUnwa, ^moOnwa ({~hma)
43. lr am pXa, VnmodZ, Zm{gH$&
44. lr brZmamU pXa, AXaInwa {Xmam, ^moOnwa&
45. lr nW[amemhr Zm R>, nwar (Amo{S >em)
46. lr grVmam pXa, Jwahm, ~Xmy (Cma Xoe)
47. lr grVmam pXa, h[ahanwa, ^moOnwa ({~hma)
48. lr hmbr pXa, H$mda, H$mer (Cma Xoe)
49. lr hS>mar pXa ({dH$mg-{dVma) H$mda, H$mer&
50. lr am pXa, {ZoO, ^moOnwa ({~hma)
51. lr amYmH$U pXa, nmS>onwa, ^moOnwa ({~hma)
52. lr am pXa, ^rnQ>Q>r, ZZrOmoa, ^moOnwa ({~hma)
53. lr am pXa, gmoZ~agm, ^moOnwa ({~hma)
54. lr bjrZmamU pXa, H$N>dm, amohVmg ({~hma)
55. lr grVmam pXa, gbonwa, nbmy ({~hma)
56. lr hZymZ pXa, Manwa, ^moOnwa ({~hma)
57. lr doL>H$Q>oe pXa, Mmamgr, amohVmg ({~hma)
Cnw$ {XXoe Ed XodmVZm| Ho$ Abmdm nynmX Zo o[aV H$a ~hV go nwamZo pXam| Ed JmoajUr Am{X H$m ^r
OrUm}ma H$amm& Hw$N> Vnmo{ZR> ^mdYZr hmdX Zo hmamOlr Ho$ OrdZH$mb | hr AMm-gpZ{Y {Z{V
H$am lrmZ H$m AMm {dJh Wm{ZV {H$m h& {g Vndr lrIS>oar Or hmamO Zo {Oh| Cma Xoe | JJm

{H$Zmao Ho$ ^$ I{S>m ~m~m H$hm H$aVo h), lr {XS>rdmrOr hmamO Ho$ AMm{dJh H$s {VR>m dfm] nyd
H$amr h&
wJbgam go ~bwAm KmQ> VH$ OmZodmbr gS>H$ go gQ>o hr nw^y{ hAmar, H$bmdb Ed {dgmonwa Ho$ lr
IS>odar Or hmamO X>Mmam Wm{nV {demb Xodmb h& Bg| EH$ Va$ lrgrVmam Or, lr amYmH$U Or, lr
hZymZ Or Ed lr XJmmVmOr H$s gpZ{Ym h Ama BZgo bJo hE lr dmrOr hmamO H$s gpZ{Y h, {Og|
hmamOlr H$s AMmy{V n[VpR>V h&
O.Jw.am.lr ZmamUmMm {XS>r dmrOr hmamO Zo ^r lrbrZqgh pXa | AmMm-gpZ{Y H$mo {Z{V
H$am aOV qghmgZ na lr dmr Or hmamO Ho$ ^ {M H$m nQ>Q>m{^foH$ H$am Ed gmW-gmW lrnmX H$m gd
{dY H$L>H$ H$amVo h& g{V lrmZ H$m AVH$ mg h {H$ nynmX AXmMm lr dmr Or hmamO H$s
AdVma Wbr {eeamT> ({O. ~ga) | AmMmnrR> H$m {ZmU hmo Om& Bg pXa H$m {ZmU H$m ma^ h&
{eeamT> | {ZmUmYrZ maH$ d$n AMmnrR> go EH$ Amoa Ohm hmamOlr Ho$ AdVaU H$s JmWm H$m
CboI hmoJm dht Xgar Amoa {gml, (M[adZ) ~ga | JJm VQ> na lr{XpS>XodYm | X{jUm ebr |
{Z{V hmo ahm gm{Y pXa gwXa ^{d VH$ Amem Ama AmWm H$m EH$ {UXrn hmoJm& nynmX lr dmr Or
hmamO Ho$ MaUm{lV gd{dY ^$m|-JhW Ed {da$ gOZm| H$s ghmVm go, AmMm H$nmdemV lr MaUm| |
gdWm g{nV lrbrnZ Ora dmrOr H$s Vnmor CnpW{V | Bg nmdZ Ym H$m {ZmU Mb ahm h
Ama A~m g{hV ^JdmZ lr bjrZmamU Ed dHw$R>ZmW Or go Ed nydmMmm] go gmQ>m {UnmV nwa:ga h
mMZm h {H$ h {XYm Abm{H$H$ Ed AZwn $n go AmO hmao Ogo AZmWm| H$m ZmWmam hmo Om&
{VR>m{nV {dm Ho$
1. lr {XpS>Xod Amdmgr gH$V hm{dmb, M{dZ, ~ga&
2. lr {XpS>Xod Amdmgr gH$V CMhm{dmb, M{dZ, ~ga&
3. lr ~Mml hm{dmb, kmZJwXS>r, dXmdZ&
4. lr {XpS>Xod gH$V hm{dmb, H$mogboe gXZ, Amom&
5. lr {XpS>Xod Amwd}X hm{dmb, H$aOam, Jm&
6. lr {dUw {dmb, ~YwN>nam, ^moOnwa&
7. lr amH$U {dmb, {gVm~{Xmam, N>nam&
8. lr AZV {dmb, {gZhm KmQ>, Amam&
9. lr ammZwO {dmb, H$mer&
10. lr {djwUZmW {dmb, ~YwN>nam, ^moOnwa&
11. lr {XpS>Xod hm{dmb, nZmar, Bm{X&
^o$e ^${ lrdmrOr hmamO Ho$ nmdZ M{aV go g~pYV H${Vn aMZmE
JW/aMZm H$m Zm
1. AW lr {XpS> dm{Zm n{m: aM{Vm-lrbrnZmMm Or, ~{bm&
2. AW lr {XpS> dm{Zm JbmemgZ aM{Vm-lrbrnZmMm Or, ~{bm&

3. AW lr {XpS> dm{Zm gw^mV aM{Vm-lrbrnZmMm Or, ~{bm&


4. lrgoZoe JwMm aM{Vm-lrbrnZmMm Or, ~{bm&
5. lr dm{M[aVmV nynmX lr dmrOr hmamO Ho$ H$L>H$-{ZR> ~Mm[adX d.dm.lr MVw^wO
dmr
(W go fmoS>e IS> VH$) Or Ed lrnmXgodH$ lr gwXeZmMm ~Mmar dmr Or H$s goaUm go {d{^Z
k g{{Vm| mam n. lramnZmMm emrOr, lr {goda nmR>H$ Or, Ed
mo. gwXmm qgh Am{X Ho$ gnmXH$d | H$m{eV&
6. lrdm{M[aVOar(g{jV OrdZ dm)-n. Lr {goda nmR>H$Or, gm{hmMm, E.E. ~r.Q>r.&
7. ^OZ gJh gH$b{Vm-lrnmX godH$ gwXeZmMm ~Mmar dmr Or&
8. lr {XpS>Xod ^OZmV
gH$bZ H$Vm-lrJJm{dUw dmrOr
(lr amdV qgh mXd, {edYZr qgh mXd, lr naewam {lOr, (JXmYa ammZwO, lr dUd Xmg),
n. lr bU {nmR>r Or, lr MH$nm{UOr, lr lrZmWOr,
lr {XpS>Xdo empVdZ, {I{S>{H$m KmQ>,
lr gwXmm mXd Or (dmamUgr), Ed mo. gwXmm qgh
H$mer, H$meH$-lr ^JraW mXd emr,
Ho$ ^OZm| H$m gJh
nH$S>r, H$mer&
9. AW lr{X>XpS>dm{Zm Udm{XZmoVm AQ>mo maeVZmmdbr
mo. gwXmm qgh
10. lr {XpS>dm{ ghZm Vmo
mo. gwXmm qgh
11. AZV-gXoe, lr {XpS>dmr {deofmL>H$ gnmXH$-n. Ho$edXod emrOr (dmVo)
B, 2000, lr ammZwOmX 984 (df-28, AH$-12) n. AmMm Zaoe M em ZmamU Or&

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