Core 1 - Maths Revision.

Indices. A to the power of x times a to the power of y is equal to a to the power of (x+y). A to the power of half is equal to the square root of A. A to the power of 0 is equal to 1. A to the power of minus 1 is equal to (1 over a to the power of one). Square root of 4 times square root of 3 equals square root of 12 or 2 root 3. Discriminate. The discriminate is b squared 4ac. If the discriminate is less than 0 there are no real roots. If the discriminante is more than 0 then there are two real roots. If the discriminate equals 0 there are equal roots. What is the quadratic formula? The quadratic formula is minus b plus or minus the discriminate divided by 2 times a. Equations and inequalities. There are 2 methods of solving simultaneous equations: substitution and elimination. When you multiply or divide an inequality by a negative number, you need to change the inequality sign to its opposite. Sketching curves. Transformations of graphs: If the change to the equation is inside the bracket it affects the x co-ordinates in the opposite way to what you would expect. If it is outside the bracket then the transformation of the graph is to the y co-ordinates and as you would expect. F(x + a) is a translation of a in the x direction. F(x) + a is a translation of +a in the y direction.. F (ax) is a stretch of 1 divided by a in the x direction (multiply x co-ordinates by 1 divided by a). af (x) is a stretch of a in the y direction ( multiply y co-ordinates by a). Quadratic graphs The general equation for a quadratic graph is a times x squared plus b times x plus c. For the general equation c is the y intercept. If the a times x squared is negative then the parabola is upside down.

The factorised form of a quadratic gives the x intercepts. The completed square form gives the minimum point. The quadratic equation form gives the y intercept. Co-ordinate geometry in the x, y plane. The general form of a straight line is y = mx +c. For this equation c is the intercept of the y axis and m is the gradient. The gradient of a straight line is: the change in y divided by the change in x. To find the equation of a line using the gradient and one point you use: Y Y1 = M times (X-X1). If a line has gradient of m then the perpendicular gradient is 1 divided by m. Differentiation. Differentiation the equation of a curve gives you the gradient function. To differentiate you: Multiply by the power and then subtract one from the power. The notation for differentiation is d y by d x and f dash x. Integration. When you integrate you have to remember to add C, and in nearly every exam there will be a questions where you have to find C using the given x and y co-ordinates. To integrate you: Add one to the power and then divide by the new power.