The demographics of India are inclusive of the second most populous country in the world, with over 1.

21 billion people (2011 census), more than a sixth of the world's population. Already containing 17.5% of the world's population, India is projected to be the world's most populous country by 2025, surpassing China, its population reaching 1.6 billion by 2050.[1][2] Its population growth rate is 1.41%, ranking 93rd in the world. India has more than 50% of its population below the age of 25 and more than 65% hovers below the age of 35. It is expected that, in 2020, the average age of an Indian will be 29 years, compared to 37 for China and 48 for Japan; and, by 2030, India's dependency ratio should be just over 0.4.[3] India has more than two thousand ethnic groups, and every major religion is represented, as are four major families of languages(Indo-European, Dravidian, Austro-Asiatic and Tibeto-Burman languages) as well as two language isolates (the Nihali language[4]spoken in parts of Maharashtra and the Burushaski language spoken in parts of Jammu and Kashmir). Further complexity is lent by the great variation that occurs across this population on social parameters such as income and education. Only the continent of Africa exceeds the linguistic, genetic and cultural diversity of the nation of India.[5]
Demographics of India

Population of India, 1961-2003

Population:

1,210,193,422 (2011 est.) (2nd)

Growth rate:

1.41% (2009 est.) (93rd)

Birth rate:

22.22 births/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Death rate:

6.4 deaths/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Life expectancy:

69.89 years (2009 est.)

male:

67.46 years (2009 est.)

female:

72.61 years (2009 est.)

Fertility rate:

2.68 children born/woman (2010 est.) (82nd)

Infant mortality rate:

30.15 deaths/1,000 live births (2009 est.)

Age structure:

0-14 years:

31.1% (male 190,075,426/female 172,799,553) (2009 est.)

15-64 years: 63.6% (male 381,446,079/female 359,802,209) (2009 est.)

65-over:

5.3% (male 29,364,920/female 32,591,030) (2009 est.)

Sex ratio:

At birth:

1.12 male(s)/female (2009 est.)

Under 15:

1.10 male(s)/female (2009 est.)

15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female (2009 est.)

65-over:

0.90 male(s)/female (2009 est.)

Salient features

India occupies 2.4% of the world's land area and supports over 17.5% of the world's population. India has more arable land area than any country except the United States,
[6]

and more water area than any country except Russia, Canada and the United States. Indian life

revolves mostly around agriculture and allied activities in small villages, where the overwhelming majority of Indians live. As per the 2001 census, 72.2% of the population[7] lives in about 638,000 villages[8] and the remaining 27.8%[7] lives in more than 5,100 towns and over 380 urban agglomerations.[9] [edit]Where Sl No.

does India stand today globally?

Category Global Ranking

Area

7th

Population

2nd

Population growth rate

93rd

Labour force

2nd

GDP (nominal)

10th

GDP (PPP)

4th

GDP (nominal) per capita

138th

GDP (PPP) per capita

127th

GDP (real) growth rate

5th

10

Human Development Index 119th

11

Exports

16th

12

Imports

11th

13

Current Account balance

169th

14

Received FDI

29th

15

Foreign Exchange reserves 6th

16

External debt

26th

17

Public debt

29th

18

Electricity consumption

5th

19

Mobile phone users

2nd

20

Internet users

4th

21

Motor vehicle production

7th

22

Military expenditure

10th

23

Active troops

3rd

24

Rail network

4th

25

Road network

3rd

CIA World Factbook demographic statistics

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.

Chart showing the Total Fertility Rate of Indian states (SRS survey 1996-98)[30]

Total Population 1,166,079,217 (July 2009 est. CIA)[31] 1,028.7 million (2001 Census final figures, March 1 enumeration and estimated 124,000 in areas of Manipur that could not be covered in the enumeration)

Map showing the population density of each district in India.

Rural Population 72.2%, male: 381,668,992, female: 360,948,755 (2001 Census) Age structure 014 years: 30.8%, male: 188,208,196, female: 171,356,024 1564 years: 64.3%, male: 386,432,921, female: 364,215,759 65+ years: 4.9%, male: 27,258,259, female: 30,031,289 (2007 est.) Median age 25.1 years Population growth rate 1.548% (2009 est.) Birth rate 21.76 births/1,000 population (2009 est.) Death rate 6.4 deaths/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Map showing the literacy rate of each district in India.

Literacy rate 71.7% (Age 7 & above) [24] Percent of the population under the poverty line 22% (2006 est.) Unemployment Rate 7.8%

Net migration rate 0.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) Sex ratio at birth: 1.12 male(s)/female under 10 years: 1.14 male(s)/female 1524 years: 1.09 male(s)/female 2464 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.908 male(s)/female total population: 1.08 male(s)/female (2011 est.) Infant mortality rate total: 30.15 deaths/1,000 live births (2009 est.) male: 34.61 deaths/1,000 live births female: 25.17 deaths/1,000 live births Life expectancy at birth total population: 69.89 years male: 67.46 years female: 72.61 years (2007 est.) Total fertility rate 2.72 children born/woman (2009 est.), although more up to date statistics indicate that India's TFR was 2.6 in 2008 [32] The TFR (Total number of children born per women) according to Religion in 2001 was : Hindus 2.0 Muslims 2.4 Sikhs 2.1 Christians 2.1 Buddhists 2.1 Jains 1.4 Animists and Others 2.99 Tribals 3.16 Scheduled Castes 2.89[citation needed] Religions Hindu 80.5% Muslim 13.4% Christian 2.3% Sikh 1.8% Buddhists 0.8% Jains 0.4% others 0.7% unspecified 0.1% (2001 Census) [33][34][35][36] Scheduled Castes and Tribes Scheduled Castes: 16.2% (2001 Census) Scheduled Tribes: 8.2% (2001 Census) Languages: See Languages of India and List of Indian languages by total speakers. There are 216 languages with more than 10,000 native speakers in India. The largest of these isHindi with some 337 million (the second largest being Bangla with some 207 million). 22 languages are recognized as official languages. In India, there are 1,652 languages and dialectsin total.[26][37]

Population projections
India is projected to overtake China as the world's most populous nation by 2030. India's population growth has raised concerns that it would lead to widespread unemployment and political instability.[38][39]

1.

Source: US Census Bureau, Demographic Internet Staff."International Programs -

Information Gateway - U.S. Census Bureau". Census.gov. Retrieved 2011-09-24.

2020: 1,326,093,000 2030: 1,460,743,000 2040: 1,571,715,000 2050: 1,656,554,000

2020 Estimate
Source: ^ Based on P.N. Mari Bhat, "Indian Demographic Scenario 2025", Institute of Economic Growth,
New Delhi, Discussion Paper No. 27/2001.

Yea Under 15 1564 65+ Total r

2000 361

604

45

1010

2005 368

673

51

1093

2010 370

747

58

1175

2015 372

819

65

1256

2020 373

882

76

1331