Analog Communication Question Papers UNIT-V (NOISE) 1.Define Noise, Figure of Merit, and Signal to Noise ratio.

List out the assumpt ions of Noise calculation in communication system. 2.Give the general representation of noise in communication system and Calculate the power spectral density of it. 3.Calculate the power spectral density of Noise in case of DSB-SC and also calcu late Figure of merit. 4.Calculate the power spectral density of Noise in case of SSB-SC and also calcu late Figure of merit. 5.Calculate Figure of merit in case of Amplitude modulated wave. 6.Prove that for very low noise case Envelope detection method is identical to s ynchronous detection. 7.Explain Envelop detection method for high Noisy case. 8.Calculate Figure of merit in case of Non linear demodulation. 9.Compare Non linear demodulation and Synchronous detection with the help of equ ations. 10.Give the block diagram of Frequency demodulation and calculate Figure of meri t for it. 11.Bring out the relationship between AM and FM Noise performance. 12. Explain the phasor diagram of FM Noise. 13.What is threshold effect in FM? What is the technique to improve the threshol d of FM wave. 14.Discuss in brief about Pre-emphasis. 15.Discuss in brief about De-emphasis. 16.Explain Noise in phase modulation and derive the expression to calculate the Figure of Merit. 17.Compare AM and PM on the basis of Noise performance. 18.The received signal power in an AM signal with a modulating signal of frequen cy 5 KHz is 10-12 and receiver input noise PSD is 10-20/Hz. Assuming the noise po er to be restricted to the message signal band idth. Find input signal to noise ratio at the input receiver. 19.In a DSB-SC system, the signal is extending from 97 KHz to 103 KHz ith a car rier frequency of 100 KHz. If the received signal po er is 80 P, and the noise PS D at the receiver input is 10-14 /Hz, find the output signal to noise ratio. 20.Calculate the transmission band idth and the required transmitter po er of DS B-SC, SSB-SC and AM-DSB ith carrier systems for transmitting an audio signal, hich has a Band idth of 15 KHz ith an So/No of 50 db. The channel introduces a 40 db po er loss and the channel noise is PSD /2= 10-9 /Hz. Assume m2. X2 (t) = 0. 5. 21.Prove t at narro band FM offers no improvement in SNR over AM 22.It is given t e t res old level for AM is equivalent to t e input (SNR)I = 10 . Assume t is conclusion is also valid for FM. Find t e (SNR)o at t e t res old level for FM and also find t e modulation index that produces (SNR)o = 30 dB at the threshold. 23.An AM receiver, operating with a sinusoidal modulating signal and 30% modulat ion, has output SNR of 30dB. Find the corresponding carrier-to-noise ratio. By h ow many dB can we decrease the carrier-to-noise ratio so that the system is oper ating just a ove threshold? 24.Given an FM roadcast system with parameter f = 75 kHz and B =15 kHz. Assuming Sx = , find the output SNR and calculate the improvement (in dB) over the ase and system. 25.Prove that the performance of an SSB modulation system using synchronous dete ction is equivalent to the performance of oth DSB and ase and system. UNIT-VI (TRANSMITTERS) 1.Name the constituent stages of A.M. radio transmitter and riefly give the fun ction of each stage. 2.What are the main requirements of a radio transmitter regarding the carrier fr equency? Briefly discuss these requirements.

3.Enumerate the precautions necessary in the design and operation of an L-C osci llator for use as a Master oscillator in a radio transmitter. 4.Draw the lock diagram of SSB transmitter using filters for side and suppress ion and explain its working. 5.Give the lock diagram of radio telegraph transmitter using on-off keying. 6.Descri e the principle methods of on-off keying. 7.Give the lock diagram and descri e the working of FSK transmitter. 8.Give the reason for keying transients due to amplitude on-off keying. How can these keying transients e kept elow? 9.Draw the lock diagram and descri e the working of a simple FM transmitter usi ng reactance modulator. 10.What are the principle of sources of frequency drift in reactance modulator F M transmitter and how can such a drift e reduced. 11.Draw the circuit and explain the working of reactance modulator FM transmitte r using AFC frequency sta ilization. 12.Give the principle of Armstrong method of frequency modulation. 13.What are the Sources of distortion in Armstrong method and how to reduce it 14.Draw the lock diagram of Armstrong FM transmitter and descri e its working 15.Classify Radio transmitters in detail 16.What is class C Amplifier? Explain its use in radio transmitters 17.Distinguish etween AM and Fm Radio. List out their applications 18.Explain the necessity of uffer and driver amplifiers in radio transmitters 19.Draw the lock diagram of an SSB-SC transmitter employing side and suppressi on filter and explain. 20.Explain what happens to the carrier and side ands when passing the AM or FM signal through a mixer as compared to a frequency multiplier 21.A transmitter has carrier output power 100w and an efficiency of 75%. How muc h power is supplied y the modulating amplifier for 100% modulation and 50 % mod ulation 22.A collector modulated class-C amplifier has output power of 1000w and an effi ciency of 80%. Determine the dc supply power and power dissipation for 100% modu lation 23.An SSB transmitter with carrier amplitude of 10 v is eing tested using trian gular modulating signal with peak voltage of 0.5v. The transmitter is connected to a dummy load of 50 . Calculate the actual power dissipated into load 24.A direct FM transmitter has reactance modulator with frequency sensitivity Kf = 2 KHz/v and a peak deviation of 500 Hz. This modulator is followed y a uffe r and dou ler, Tripler followed y a power amplifier. Find the Oscillator freque ncy if the transmitter is to operate at a carrier frequency of 150 MHz 25.A carrier wave of frequency 1 MHz is modulated 50% y a sine wave of 5 KHz. T he resulting AM signal is passed through a parallel resonant circuit (RLC) tuned to carrier frequency and has Q = 175.Determine the percentage modulation of the output signal. 26.In the transmitter reactance modulator, the input resistance of transistor is 500 ohms with = 100.What is the equivalent capacitance? If swings from 50 to 12 0, what are the values of minimum and maximum values of capacitance? The circuit has R2 = 10 K, C2 = 1000 pf. 27.A given AM roadcast station transmits a total power of 50 kw for single tone modulation with m=0.7071. Find Carrier power and transmission efficiency 28.Compare low level modulation and high level modulation of radio transmitters 29.What is electromagnetic spectrum? List out the frequency ands, their channel characteristics, frequencies and applications. 30.Why are limiters and Pre emphasis filters used in FM radio transmitters UNIT-VII (RECEIVERS) 1. Draw the lock diagram and explain the working of a TRF receiver. List out it s advantages and disadvantages. 2. Explain the working principle of a super heterodyne receiver with the help of neat lock diagram 3. Explain the necessity of a mixer in a receiver. Give a circuit schematic and explain

4. Draw the lock diagram and explain the operation of an ISB receiver. 5. Draw the lock diagram of Super heterodyne receiver designed to receive FM si gnals and explain its working 6. Discuss the need for limiter and de-emphasis circuit in FM receivers 7. Illustrate the FM detection y a PLL with the help of its Schematic 8. With a neat sketch, explain the working of a communication receiver 9. What are the special features of communications receiver? Brief them 10. Draw the squelch circuit and explain its operation 11. Explain the operation of a noise limiter in FM receivers? 12. Descri e the fading phenomenon and its types in detail. 13. What is meant y diversity reception? Explain different techniques 14. Discuss the capture effect in detail. List out its advantages and disadvanta ges 15. Explain the differences etween AM and FM receivers 16. Explain the IF amplifier circuit and its purpose in the receiver 17. Draw the two stage IF amplifier and explain its operation 18. Explain a out spurious responses in radio receivers and how they can e redu ced 19.When a super heterodyne receiver is tuned to 555KHz, its local oscillator pro vides the mixer with an input at 1010KHz, what is the image frequency? The anten na at receiver is connected to mixer via a tuned circuit whose loaded Q is 40. W hat will e rejection ratio for the calculated image frequency? 20. Calculate the image rejection of a receiver having an RF amplifier, and a 45 5 KHz IF with Qs of relevant coils as 65 at an incoming frequency of 120 KHz and 20 MHz. 21. Calculate the image rejection of a dou le conversion receiver, which has a f irst IF of 2 MHz and a Second IF of 200 KHz, an RF amplifier whose tuned circuit has a Q of 75and which is tuned to a 30 MHZ signal. 22. Bring out the advantages of a dual gate MOSFET over BJT for use in radio cir cuits 23. List out the consequences of choosing the IF very high and very low 24. Write a short notes on Notch filters 25. Explain the procedure for LO Tuned circuit alignment 26. Explain the importance of AVC and explain its operation 27. Explain various types of Tone control circuits 28. What are the special features of DAGC 29. Explain the advantages of RF stage and explain the action of RF amplifier 30. Explain the purpose and working of Tracking Circuits UNIT-VIII (PULSE MODULATION) 1. What is Time Division Multiplexing? Explain in detail 2. What is meant y Pulse Amplitude Modulation and explain any one-modulation te chnique in detail 3. What is meant y Pulse Width Modulation Explain the generation of Pulse width modulation? 4. What is meant y Pulse Width Modulation Explain the demodulation of Pulse wid th modulation? 5. What is meant y Pulse Positon Modulation Explain the generation of Pulse Pos ition modulation? 6. What is meant y Pulse Position Modulation Explain the demodulation of Pulse Position modulation? 7. Compare the performance of PAM, PWM, and PPM 8. What is Pulse modulation? Explain in rief various types of pulse modulation with neat sketches. 9. Explain in rief a out Bit interleaving in TDM. 10. What is Multiplexing? Compare FDM and TDM. 11.Explain the PAM Noise performance 12. What is Sampling. Derive Sampling Theorem for Band pass Signals. 13. Explain the generation of PAM Signal using Diode Bridge Modulator. 14. Explain the generation of PAM Signal using Sample and Hold Circuit 15. Explain the generation of PAM Signal using transistor Modulator

16. Explain how to demodulate PAM Signal using Equalizer 17. Explain how to demodulate PAM Signal using a Holding circuit 18. Explain the generation of PWM Signal using Monosta le Multivi rator. 19.Compare Analog Modulation and Pulse modulation. 20. Explain Natural Sampling with neat sketches 21. Explain Flat Top Sampling with neat sketches. 22. Derive the equation to calculate the Channel andwidth for a PAM Signal. 23. Explain Single polarity and Dou le Polarity PAM techniques 24. Consider a signal m(t) = 10 Cos1000t. Cos 4000t. Find the minimum sam ling rat e based on sam ling theorem for low ass and band ass signals. Email ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to Facebook