Chapter: 1

Introductory Note on Conventional Terminology

Rules and Regulations Pertaining to

Namz of Momin
(A comprehensive guide)

Chapter 1: Introductory note on conventional terminology

(Qr'n Shareef, Soorah 4, An Nis: verse 40) Allh does not do any cruelty to anyone to an atoms weight. If there is any good deed He doubles it and gives from Himself a great reward.

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Contents
1. 1.1 1.2 Good deeds Far Vjib Snnat-e makkadah Snnat-e ghair-makkadah Mstaab Indifferent deed: Mb Bad deeds 50-52 50 51 52 52 52 53-53 53-54 53 53 54 54 54

1.3 1.4
1.5 2. 3.

3.1 arm 3.2 Makrooh-e tareemee 3.3 Isat 3.4 Makrooh-e tanzeehee 3.5 Khilf-e Aul

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Chapter 1: Introductory note on conventional terminology

(Qr'n Shareef, Soorah 30, Room: verse 15) As for those who believed, and did good works, they shall be made happy in a charming meadow (rosy gardens).

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Namz of Momin

Shariat (Islamic Jurisprudence) is an incontrovertible set of principles laid down by our religious authorities. It not only defines good or bad deeds but also grades them. Some deeds are extremely good and others are extremely bad. A comparison of the good and the bad deeds will give a better understanding. For a better explanation all good and bad deeds and their grading are classified below.
Good deeds 1 Far 2 Vjib 3 Snnat-e makkadah 4 Snnat-e ghair-makkadah 5 Mstaab 6 Versus -----------------------------------Mb 7 8 9 10 11 Bad deeds arm Makrooh-e tareemee Isat Makrooh-e tanzeehee Khilf-e aul

Those deeds, which are emphasized and appreciated by Shariat and carry a reward, are called good deeds. And, deeds, which are abhorred by Shariat and are punishable, are called bad deeds. Let us examine the relevance and importance of the eleven deeds tabled above and the rewards or punishment they carry. It is essential that the reader familiarize himself with the 49

Chapter 1: Introductory note on conventional terminology explanations given below for motivation to do good deeds and avoid the bad ones.

1. 1.1

Good deeds:
Far (obligatory):
An act, commanded by Allh in the Holy Qr'n is known as far. Following are the silent features of far deed: An act that must be done It is proved by absolute religious arguments. Denial will make one kfir (infidel).

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Namz of Momin

Makes

one a transgressor (fsiq), guilty of gnh-e kabeerah1 and severely punishable if relinquished without any lawful (religious) reasons.

If someone deliberately misses far namz then he is a

transgressor (fsiq), guilty of gnh-e kabeerah and is punishable by the fire of Hell. (Fatv Raaviyyah, II/194)
1

Gnh-e kabeerah: Cardinal sin (deprives the soul of divine grace), grave sin, major sin. Sin means guilt committed against Allh by means of breaking the rules of Islm. Omission of a far duty is Gnh-e kabeerah. According to some authorities, the exact number of Gnh-e kabeerah sins cannot be enumerated with certainty, since this is one of those matters that have been kept deliberately vague to make people extra cautious, to the point of giving up all sins of any kind. This idea has been expressed in the verse, by the unknown poet who said: You must forsake all kinds of sin, the great and the small alike, For such is the pious duty of the righteous and devout. You must advance as you would when treading over thorny ground, Avoiding the prickly spots and casting warily about. Do not rule out a little sin as trivial in itself; Since mountains are made of pebbles, they can never be ruled out. Following are few examples of Gnh-e kabeerah: 1. Gnh-e kabeerah committed within the Heart: 1.1 Persisting disobedience towards Allh 2. Gnh-e kabeerah committed by Tongue: 2.1 Bearing false witness 2.2 False accusation of adultery against a married person of unblemished reputations. 2.3 Perjury (false swearing) 2.4 Uttering the incantation of sorcery and witchcraft. 3. Gnh-e kabeerah committed in the Belly: 3.1 Alcohol consumption 4. Gnh-e kabeerah committed by Genitals: 4.1 Adultery 4.2 Sodomy 5. Gnh-e kabeerah committed by using Hands: 5.1 Murder 5.2 Theft 6. Gnh-e kabeerah committed by whole body: 6.1 Undutiful treatment of ones parents, e.g. Failing to respect their warning Striking them when they speak to you

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Chapter 1: Introductory note on conventional terminology

1.2

Vjib:
A belief or act that is almost as compulsory as far and not to be omitted; something never omitted by Prophet . In the technical vocabulary of Islamic jurisprudence, the term vjib is applied to a religious duty that is necessary, but which cannot be classed as absolute obligatory (far). An act that is essential to do. It is proved by conjectural religious arguments.

One who denies will be misled and is wicked.

One is transgressor (fsiq), deserve punishment of Hell if relinquishes without any lawful authentic reason.

Deliberate omission of a vjib is gnh-e agheerah ,

2

however persistent omission of a particular vjib turns to be gnh-e kabeerah.

1.3

Snnat-e makkadah:
According to Urdu lexicographers the word snnat is generally understood to mean: an act, though not commanded by Allh but done or liked by Prophet
Refusing to give them something when they ask for it Refusing to feed them when they are hungry or thirsty.

Allh Ta'l has told us through Qr'n Shareef:

(Qr'n Shareef, Soorah 4, Nis, verse 31) If you avoid the major sins that you are forbidden to commit, We will acquit you of your evil deeds, and We will admit you by a gate of honour.
2

Gnh-e agheerah: Pardonable sin, venial sin (not regarded as depriving the soul of divine grace), minor sin. For the purpose of differentiation and a guideline, all that is important to know that the omission of a far duty is major sin and of a vjib duty is minor sin.

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Namz of Momin as worship. There is avb if done, but no sin if omitted. Yet it is a sin if continually omitted and disbelief if disliked. Snnat-e makkadah is more emphasized snnat. An act that is necessary to do.

An

act

always

performed

by

The

Holy so

Prophet as to

but occasionally differentiate from vjib.

omitted

Allh

and his Prophets are displeased even on occasional omission. Making it a habit of omitting is punishable. makkadah Raaviyyah-III/279) is near to vjib. (Fatv

Snnat-e

Snnat-e makkadah is also known as snnat-e hda.

(Fatv Raaviyyah-II/174) Example: It is snnat (makkadah) to remove ring bearing name of Allh and/or His Prophet whilst post-lavatory wash of private parts. (Example is quoted from Fatv Raaviyyah-I/162)

1.4

Snnat-e ghair-makkadah:
An act, good if done and will be recompensed.

uoor-e

Aqdas has done this but also omitted it without any reason. Relinquishing is disliked in Shariat but is not punishable.

Snnat-e ghair-makkadah is also known as snnat-e

zavaid. (Fatv Raaviyyah-II/174)

1.5

Mstaab (desirables):
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Chapter 1: Introductory note on conventional terminology

An act appreciated by Shariat.

No harm if omitted.

Not referred to in adee, but done and encouraged by

the Holy Prophet and are liked by Islamic scholars. Recompensed if done but absolutely no punishment if omitted

2.

Indifferent deeds (mb):

An act that neither ordered nor prohibited by ShariatIndifferent There is no reward if done and no punishment if omitted.

3. 3.1

Bad deeds:
arm (unlawful and forbidden):
Totally forbidden act It is proved by absolute religious arguments. Denial will make one kfir (infidel). If done even once deliberately and intentionally then the doer is a transgressor (fsiq), guilty of gnh-e kabeerah and will be punished. It is rewarded if refrained from. It is considered opposite of far.

3.2

Makrooh-e tareemee:
The term makrooh is generally understood to mean not desirable. Despite the fact that makrooh (act, thing) are not unlawful but disapproved, improper, disliked and abstained by the Prophet . According to Urdu

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Namz of Momin lexicographers the word makrooh-e tareemee is generally understood to mean: disapproved to the point of forbidden or strongly prohibited. It is essential to avoid it. It is sin and against the Shariat, proved by conjectural religious arguments. The doer is transgressor (fsiq) and will be punished. There is reward if refrained from. If done, the sin is not up to the extent of gnh-e kabeerah or arm but repeating of the same is gnhe kabeerah. It is considered opposite of vjib.

3.3

Isat:
Not removing the ring bearing name of Allh and / or His Prophet whilst post-lavatory wash of private parts is good example of Isat. (This example is borrowed from Fatv Raaviyyah-I/162) An act, whose avoidance is compulsory, It is necessary to refrain from such deeds to save one self. Omission is recompensed.

Allh

and his prophet will be displeased with occasional doer but one who develops habit of doing the same will be punished.

It is considered opposite of snnat-e makkadah. 3.4

Makrooh-e tanzeehee:
According to Urdu lexicographers the word makrooh-e tanzeehee is generally understood to mean: makrooh of a lesser degree. Disliked by the Shariat.

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Chapter 1: Introductory note on conventional terminology

If

done there is no sin or punishment. (Fatv Raaviyyah-V/136)) It is bad to develop habit of doing such deeds. There is avb (reward) if avoided.

It is considered opposite of snnat-e ghairmakkadah 3.5

Khilf-e aul:
No sin in doing it, but best, if avoided. For instance, to perform namz wearing spectacles with metal frames. It is better to omit such deeds and save oneself but if done there is no sin.

It is considered opposite of mstaab.

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