Spanking and Corporal 1 SPANKING AND CORPORAL PUNISHMENT OF CHILDREN

Exercise #1 Spanking and Corporal Punishment of Children Danielle Mitchell SOWK 300 Tuskegee University September 8, 2011

Spanking and Corporal 2 Article 1 Giles- Sims, J., Straus, M. A., & Sugarman, D. B. (1995). Child, Maternal, and Family Characteristics Associated with Spanking. Family Relations, 44(2), 170-176. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/584804 Many articles have suggested long lasting effects of spankings are worse than the actual physical punishment. In addition to that, this article suggests children that are spanked are at a high risk to be less motivated, antisocial, more than likely to show aggression and even suicidal. Research done suggested that marital status of the child's parents also have an effect on what form of corporal punishment that is used, and its frequency. There are a lot of different variables introduced that are believed to have an effect on the form and frequency of corporal punishment of a child. Examples are age, gender, what type of maternal guidance, etc. Article 2 Keown, R. (2006). To Smack, or Not to Smack? Kairaranga, 7(2), 28-30. Retrieved from http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/EJ914590.pdf The article was written in order to change the defense law of the New Zealand government. In a quoted statement, an individual strongly believes that there is absolutely nothing wrong with a parent physically punishing a child b y spanking. The article suggests that physical discipline is something in our history; she also states that the idea of it is somewhat a tradition and way of life. Also stated in another article, it is suggested that spankings have more of a spiritual and emotional lasting effect rather than a physical issue. As written changes to the law in New Zealand should be made, according to the author, is high abuse and death rate in Europe. An idea that is strongly suggested throughout this article is that physical punishment is a suppression of an act rather than a solution. Article 3 McLoyd, V. C., & Smith, J. (2002). Physical Discipline and Behavior Problems in African American, European American, and Hispanic Children: Emotional Support as a Moderator. Journal of Marriage, and Family, 64(1), 40-53. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3599775 The main for the article is if maternal support has relationship with spanking. The article also mentions that there is a variance in intensity of spanking and location as on what part of the body the act is being committed. Contrary to many articles, this article suggests that physical punishment does not have anything to do with things like aggressive acts, and the things that children do to misbehave. The writer suggests that if the parent and child have a good relationship a lot of issues could be avoided. Along with having a good relationship, how and why a child is being disciplined determines how effective, or if the physical discipline is effective at all. Article 4

Spanking and Corporal 3 Strauce, M. A. (2001). New Evidence for the Benefit of Never Spanking. Social Science and Public policy, 52-60. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=6290b14d-5669-484e-a54e7b2564a1ceae%40sessionmgr13&vid=6&hid=12 This particular article is said that it is written to bring awareness to parents that corporal punishment is not necessary. Murray A. Strauce, who is the author, believes that there is a way for parents to discipline their child without spanking or hitting. Researchers believe that when a child is spanked or hit may be what causes the child, in the future, to be "physically violent" as it was written. In addition to physical violence it causes the child to misbehave more frequently than those who are not spanked, in their opinion. Also the author adds that there is also a link to later spousal abuse. Along with this document, there was a study performed and it seemed that the study was more so done on the parents rather than the children. This study included three different groups of children that ranged in the ages of three to fourteen. The study was performed in order to link spankings and psychological problems, for example antisocial attitudes. Article 5 Thompson, E. E., & Miller, P. O. (1997, April). Parental Beliefs and Use of Parental Discipline: The Role of Religious Affiliation. Research- Report According to this document and a study that was on done on corporal punishment, researchers believe that the way a child is raised solely depends on who the child is raised by. Also there is a belief that the religious beliefs have something to do with what form or type of corporal punishment is used. This particular study used about 50- 70 male and female children who were three- years- old along with their parents. The article suggested that what form of corporal punishment has a great deal to with the mother and father's religious background and practices, educational background, and income.