IRREGULAR VERBS ORGANIZED ACCORDING TO PATTERNS Three different vowels in the three forms: I-A-U sing sang sung

drink drank drunk sink sank sunk begin began begun ring rang rung shrink shrank shrunk stink stank stunk swim swam swum Three different vowels in three different forms (other than those above in 1) do* did done* fly flew flown see saw seen* write wrote written ride rode ridden drive drove driven go went gone* be, am, is*, are* was*, were* been* Two different vowels in the three forms: first and last form are the same run ran run come* came come* Third form ending in N: see saw seen sow sowed sown lie lay lain show showed shown (-ed) tear tore torn wear wore worn bear bore born swear swore sworn am/is/are was/were been* throw threw thrown blow blew blown grow grew grown draw drew drawn withdraw withdrew withdrawn fly flew flown know knew known First form, second form often with different vowel, last form with -en shake shook shaken

take took taken give* gave given eat ate eaten beat beat (not different) beaten ride rode ridden bite bit bitten write wrote written break broke broken strike stroke stricken weave wove woven wake woke woken rise rose risen speak spoke spoken hide hid hidden freeze froze frozen forgive* forgave forgiven forget forgot forgotten get* got gotten beat beat beaten choose chose chosen drive drove driven fall fell fallen forbid forbade forbidden arise arose arisen steal stole stolen First form, magic E, same as second form make made made shine shone shone First form + second and third are the same with a different vowel sound than the first form 7a) short vowels and vowel teams with endings other than T lead led led feed fed fed lay laid laid read read read sting stung stung grind ground ground wind wound wound say said* said* pay paid* paid* lay laid* laid* have had had win won won stick stuck stuck swing swung swung stand stood stood wring wrung wrung hang hung hung hang hanged hanged

light lighted lighted understand understood strike struck struck find found found sell sold sold tell told told hold held held bleed bled bled shine shone shone breed bred bred cling clung clung dig dug dug flee fled fled slide slid slid hear heard heard

understood

7b) Second and third form end in T (mostly with vowelteam words) feel felt felt deal dealt dealt kneel knelt knelt weep wept wept shoot shot shot meet met met sleep slept slept creep crept crept leap leapt leapt keep kept kept may might might get* got got sit sat sat light lit lit dream dreamt dreamt send sent sent bend bent bent lend lent lent lose* lost lost spend spent spent mean meant meant 7c) Second and third form end in -ought, -ought think thought thought bring brought brought seek sought sought buy* bought bought fight fought fought ought to ought to ought to 7d) Second and third form end in -aught, -aught (can be taught as red words)

catch teach

caught caught taught taught

7e) Second and third form end in -ould, -ould (= red words) can could* could* shall should* should* will would* would* All three forms are the same must must must quit quit quit cut cut cut fit fit fit set set set split split split lit lit lit slit slit slit let let let spread spread spread upset upset upset sublet sublet sublet bet bet bet broadcast broadcast broadcast burst burst burst cost cost cost put* put* put* shut shut shut hit hit hit