New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

9. Solve y = x 2 − 4 .................................(1)
and y = x + 2 ...................................(2)
Putting (2) into (1),
x + 2 = x2 − 4
x − x−6 = 0
2

( x − 3)( x + 2) = 0
x = 3 or −2
∴ The intersecting points of (1) and (2)
are (3, 5) and (−2, 0).
The required area

∫ [( x + 2) − ( x − 4)] dx
3
= 2
−2
3
= ∫ (− x + x + 6) dx
2
−2
Solve y = x .......................................(1)
2
3
y = 4 x .......................................(2)  1 1 
and = − x 3 + x 2 + 6 x 
Putting (2) into (1),  3 2  −2
4 x = x2 1 1
= − (3) 3 + (3) 2 + 6(3)
x ( x − 4) = 0 3 2
x = 0 or 4  1 1 
− − (−2) + (−2) + 6(−2)
3 2
∴ The intersecting points of (1) and (2)  3 2 
are (0, 0) and (4, 16). 5
4 = 20
The required area = ∫ (4 x − x ) dx
2
6
0
4
 1  11.
= 2 x 2 − x 3 
 3 0
1
= 2(4) 2 − (4) 3
3
2
= 10
3

10.

Solve y = x 2 .......................................(1)
and y = x ......................................(2)
Putting (1) into (2),
x2 = x
3
x ( x 2 − 1) = 0
x=0 or 1
∴ The points of intersection are (0, 0)
and (1, 1).

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New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

1
14. (a) Subst. y = 0 into y = 9 − x2,
The required area = ∫0
( x − x 2 ) dx
we get P = (3, 0).
1 Subst. x = 0 into y = 9 − x2,
2 3 1 
=  x 2 − x3  we get Q = (0, 9).
 3 3  0 1
(b) Area of ∆OPQ = × 3 × 9
2 2 1
3
2
= (−1) − (1) 3 27
3 3 =
1 2
= Area bounded by the line PQ and the
3
curve
3
12. = ∫ (9 − x ) dx − area of ∆OPQ
2
0
3
 x3  27
= 9 x −  −
 3 0 2
9
=
2
27 9
The required ratio = :
2 2
=3:1

y = x
15. Solving  , the intersections
 y = 4x − x
2

of given graphs are (0, 0) and (3, 3).

3
 y = x 3 = ∫ (4 x − x − x) dx
2
The required area
Solving  2 , we get 0
 y = x
3
the intersections of y = x 3 and y 2 = x
∫ (3x − x ) dx
2
=
0
are (0, 0) and (1, 1).
1
The required area = ∫(
0
x − x 3 ) dx
 3x 2
= −
x3 
3

1 
 2 3 x4   2 3 0
=  x2 − 
 3 4  1
0 =4
5 2
=
12 4
 1 12 
∫  y
1
16. The required area = 2
− y  dy
 y = x2 1 2 
13. (a) Solving  , we get P = (2, 4). 4
x + y = 6 1 2 3 
=  ⋅ y2 
Subst. y = 0 into x + y = 6,  2 3 1
we get Q = (6, 0). 1
(b) The required area =2
2 6
3
= ∫ 0
x 2 dx + ∫ (6 − x) dx
2
 y 2 = 2x
2
 x3   x2 
6
17. Solving  ,
=   + 6 x −  y = x − 4
 3 0  2 2
we get the intersections (2, −2) and
2 (8, 4).
= 10
3

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New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

The required area 20. (a) When −1 ≤ x ≤ 1,

4  y2  y = x2 −1
−2∫
=  y + 4 −

 dy
2 
means y = −( x 2 − 1) .................(1)
4
y 2
y  3
When x < −1 or x > 1,
=  + 4y − 
 2 6  −2 y = x2 −1
= 18 means y = x 2 − 1 ......................(2)
y = x + 5 .......................(3)
k 10 5 10
18. ∫2 x2
dx = ∫ k x2
dx Putting (3) into (1),
k 5
x + 5 = −( x 2 − 1)
 10   10 
 − x  = − x  x2 + x + 4 = 0
 2  k which has no real roots.
10 10 ∴ (1) and (3) do not intersect.
− + 5 = −2 +
k k Putting (3) into (2),
20 x + 5 = x2 −1
7=
k x − x−6 = 0
2

20 ( x + 2)( x − 3) = 0
k=
7 x = −2 or 3
∴ (2) and (3) intersect at (−2, 3) and
19. (a) The curve meets the x-axis at (1, 0) (3, 8).
and (4, 0). The graphs of y = x + 5 and
The area bounded by the curve and y = x 2 − 1 are shown below.
the x-axis
4
= ∫ (5x − x − 4) dx
2
1
4
 5x 2 x3 
= − − 4x
 2 3 1
1
=4
2
(b) The curve meets the line y + 4 = 0 at
(0, −4) and (5, −4).
The area bounded by the curve, the
line y + 4 = 0 and the x-axis
5 9
0 ∫
= (5 x − x 2 − 4 + 4) dx −
2
5 9
0 ∫
= (5 x − x 2 ) dx −
2
(b) The required area

∫ [( x + 5) − ( x − 1)] dx
−1
5 = 2
 5x x  2
9 3
−2
= −  −
+ ∫ [( x + 5) + ( x − 1)] dx
1
 2 3 0 2 2
−1
125 9
= − + ∫ [( x + 5) − ( x − 1)] dx
3
2
6 2 1
1 −1
= 16 = ∫ (− x + x + 6) dx
2
3 −2
1
+ ∫ ( x + x + 4) dx
2
−1
3
+ ∫ (− x + x + 6) dx
2
1

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New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

−1 22. (a) y = 2 cos2 x.......................................(1)

 1 1 
= − x 3 + x 2 + 6 x  y = sin 2x..........................................(2)
 3 2  −2 From (1) and (2),
1 2 cos2 x = 2 sin x cos x
1 1 
+  x 3 + x 2 + 4 x ∴ cos x = 0 or cos x = sin x
3 2  −1
π π
3 x = or for 0 < x < π
 1 1  2 4
+ − x 3 + x 2 + 6 x 
 3 2 1 ∴ Their points of intersection are
1 1 π π
= − (−1) 3 + (−1) 2 + 6(−1) ( , 0), ( , 1).
3 2 2 4
 1 1  (b)
− − (−2) 3 + (−2) 2 + 6(−2)
 3 2 
1 3 1 2
+ (1) + (1) + 4(1)
3 2
1 3 1 
−  (1) + (−1) 2 + 4(−1)
3 2 
1 3 1 2
− (3) + (3) + 6(3)
3 2
 1 3 1 2 
− − (1) + (1) + 6(1)
 3 2 
1
= 18
6

21. (a) y = sin x ...........................................(1) (c) The required area

y = sin 2x..........................................(2) π

From (1) and (2),

sin x = sin 2x
=
∫ 4
0
(2 cos 2 x − sin 2 x) dx
π
∴ sin x = 2 sin x cos x
∫
2
π (sin 2 x − 2 cos
2
+ x) dx
1
cos x = or sin x = 0 4
2 π

∫ (2 cos
2
π π + π x − sin 2 x) dx
x = for 0 < x < 2
3 2
π π π
π 3 = + (1 − ) + ( + 1)
∴ C is (
, ). 4 4 2
3 2 π
(b) The required area = +2
π 2
=
∫0
3
(sin 2 x − sin x) dx 23. (a) y = x − 2...........................................(1)
y = −x +2..........................................(2)
1 y2 = x.................................................(3)
= Solving (1) and (2), we get A(2, 0).
4
(c) The required area Solving (2) and (3), we get B(1, 1).
π π Solving (1) and (3), we get C(4, 2).
= ∫π (1 − 2 sin
3
x) dx + ∫π (1 − sin
2
x) dx (b) Area of ABOD
4 3
 1 1 1 
=
π 3
−  0
∫
= 2  x 2 dx + (1)(1)
2 
4 4
1
= 2
3

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New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

(c) Area of ABC 26. (a) y = (x2 − 1)2.......................................(1)

4 1 1 1 y = 3(x2 − 1)......................................(2)
=
∫1
x2 dx − (1)(1) − (2)(2)
2 2 From (1) and (2),
1 (x2 − 1)2 = 3(x2 − 1)
= 2 ∴ (x − 1) (x2 − 4) = 0
2
6
∴ x = ±1, ±2
24. (a) y2 = 4tx.............................................(1) The points of intersection are (−2, 9),
x2 = 4ty.............................................(2) (−1, 0), (1, 0), (2, 9).
From (1), dy
y 4 = 16 t 2 x 2 ......................................(3) (b) From (1), = 2( x 2 − 1)(2 x)
dx
Putting (2) into (3), d2y
y 4 = 16t 2 (4ty ) = 12 x 2 − 4
dx 2
∴ y = 0 or 4t dy
∴ The points of intersection are = 0 when x = ±1, 0
dx
(0, 0), (4t, 4t).
d2y
4t x2 =8>0
(b) A=
0 ∫
( 4tx − )dx
4t
dx 2 x = ±1

 2
3
x3 
4t
d2y
=  4t ( x 2 ) − = −4 < 0
 dx 2
 3 12t  x =0
0
∴ (−1, 0), (1, 0) are minimum
16 2
= t points.
3 (0, 1) is a maximum point.
dA 32 (c)
(c) = t
dt 3
dA 32
∴ = (3) = 32
dt t = 3 3

25. (a) y2 = x3...............................................(1)

dy
2y = 3x 2
dx
dy 3 x 2
∴ =
dx 2 y
dy 3(4) 2
= =3
dt ( 4, 8) 2(8)
Equation of the required tangent is
y − 8 = 3(x − 4)
i.e. 3x − y − 4 = 0..........................(2)
(b) From (2), y = 3x − 4.........................(3)
Putting (3) into (1),
(3x − 4)2 = x3
(d) The required area
x − 9x + 24x − 16 = 0
3 2

∫ [( x − 1) − 3( x − 1)] dx
1
2 2 2
(x − 4)2(x − 1) = 0 = 2
0
∴ x = 1 or 4
+ 2 ∫ [3( x − 1) − ( x − 1) ] dx
2
2 2 2
∴ B is (1, −1).
1
(c) The required area
2
=8
= 1 (4 + 1)(9) −
8

2 ∫−1
y 3 dy
7
= 2
10
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New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

27. (a) y = 1 − x3..........................................(1) 3

Putting x = 0, we get R(0, 1).

3. The required volume = π ∫ 1
y 2 dy
Putting y = 0, we get Q(1, 0). 3
1 
dy = π  y3 
(b) = −3x 2  3 1
dx
dy 1 3 1 3 
= −3 = π  (3) − (1) 
dx x = 1 3 3 
∴ The equation of QS is 26π
=
y − 0 = −3( x − 1) 3
i.e. 3 x + y − 3 = 0..........................(2) 4. The required volume
(c) Solving (1) and (2), we have S(−2, 9). 1
(d) Area of region I
1
=π ∫ ( y + 1) dy
−1

∫ (1 − x ) dx
3 1
= 1 
−2 = π  y 2 + y
3 2  −1
=6
4 1 2 1 
= π  (1) + 1 − (−1) − (−1)
2
(e) Area of region II 2 2 
= Area of ∆QSN – Area of region I
= 2π
1 27
= (3) (9) −
2 4 5.
3
=6
4

EXERCISE 17.6 Section 17.6 Volumes of solids of revolution

(page 278)

Section A
π

∫
2
1  3 The required volume = π 2
cos 2 x dx
The required volume = π  x  dx ∫ π
1. −
0 2  2
π
1 + cos 2 x
∫
3
1  =π 2
dx
= π  x3  −
π
2
12  0 2
π
1 3 1 sin 2 x  2
= π  (3)  = π  x+
12  2 4  − π
2
9π
= π2
4 =
2. y = 1− x 2
y2 = 1 − x
The required volume
1
=π ∫ (1 − x) dx
−3
1
 1 
= π x − x 2 
 2  −3
 1 2 1 2
= π 1 − (1) − (−3) + (−3) 
 2 2 
= 8π

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New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

6. 8.

y = 2x − x2 intersects the x-axis at (0, 0) x 2 + y 2 = r2

and (2, 0). y 2 = r2 – x 2
r
The volume of the sphere= π ∫ (r − x 2 ) dy
2
The required volume
−r
2
=π ∫ (2 x − x ) dx
2 2 r
 x3 
0
= π r 2 x − 
2
 3  −r
= π ∫ (4 x − 4 x + x ) dx
2 3 4
0 4
2 = π r3
 4x3 x5  3
=π  − x4 + 
 3 5 0
x2 y2
16π 9. (a) + = 1.....................................(1)
= 16 9
15 9 2
y2 = 9 − x
7. 16
∴ The required volume
4
 9 2
0  ∫
= 2π  9 − x  dx
16 
4
 3 
= 2π 9 x − x 3 
 16  0
 3 3
= 2π 9(4) − (4) 
 16 
= 48π
(b) The equation (1) can be written as
16 2
x2 = 16 − y.
9
∴ The required volume
y = x2 + 3 intersects the y-axis at (0, 3). 3
 16 2 
. The required volume 0 ∫
= 2π 16 − y  dy
9 
5
=π ∫ ( y − 3) dy
3

= 2π 16 y −
16 3 
y
3

5  27  0
 y2 
=π  − 3 y  16 3 
 2 3 = 2π 16(3) − (3) 
 27 
= 2π
= 64π

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New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

10. (a) The volume of the paraboloid 3

The required volume = π ∫ (y )
2 2
a 13. dy
=π ∫0
4ax dx
 y5 
1
3

 x2 
a =π  
= 4π a    5 1
 2 0 242π
=
= 2π a 3
5

(b) Subst. x = a into y2 = 4ax, we get Section B

y = ±2a.
∴ The radius of the cylinder 14. (a) The equation of AB is
is 2a. y−0 3−0
=
∴ The volume of the circumscribed x−3 6−3
cylinder = π (2a ) 2 ⋅ a i.e. y = x − 3.
The equation of BC is
= 4πa3 y −9 3−9
2πa 3 =
∴ The required fraction = x−0 6−0
4πa 3 i.e. y = −x + 9.
1
= (b) The required volume
2 6 6
11. (a) The equation of OA is = 2π ∫ (− x + 9) dx − 2π ∫ (x − 3)
2 2
dx
y r 0 3
= = 450π
x h
r
i.e. y = x. 15. (a) Volume of the segment
h R
(b) The volume of the cone
h r
=π ∫ R −h
(R 2 − y 2 ) dy

∫
2
= π ( x) dx  1 
R
0 h
= π R 2 y − y 3 
π r2 h 2  3  R −h
=
h2 0 ∫
x dx
1
= πh 2 (3R − h)
h 3
π r 2  x3 
=  
h2  3 0 (b) R=5
1 Depth of the cylindrical hole
= π r2h
3 = 2 52 − 32
=8
12. (a) The equation of AB is Height of the segment drilled
y 5 =5−4
=
x−6 3−6 =1
i.e. 5x + 3y − 30 = 0. Volume of the solid remainded
30 − 3 y 4 1
= π (5) − 2 ⋅ π (1) (15 − 1) − π (3)2 (8)
3 2
(b) From the equation of AB, x = 3 3
5
∴ The volume of the frustum 256π
=
 30 − 3 y 
5
2 3
=π
∫ 
0  5 
 dy

π 5
=
25 0 ∫
(900 − 180 y + 9 y 2 ) dy

=
π
25
[ 5
900 y − 90 y 2 + 3 y 3 0 ]
= 105π

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New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

16. (a) and (c)

(e) The required volume
3
=π ∫ ( x + 2)
2
dx
0
3
1 
= π  ( x + 2) 3 
 3 0
1 1 3
= π  (3 + 2) − (0 + 2) 
3

3 3 
= 39π

17. (a) y2 = x2(3 − x)

y = ± x (3 − x)
Consider the branch
y = x 3− x
(b) When x < −2, dy 1 x
= 3− x − ⋅
y = x+2 dx 2 3− x
means y = −(x + 2).............................(1) 3(2 − x)
=
When x ≥ −2 , 2 3− x
y = x+2 dy
= 0 when x = 2
means y = x + 2..................................(2) dx
y = x2.......................................(3) Hence, for the given equation,
Putting (1) into (3), max. point is (2, 2);
−(x + 2) = x2 min. point is (2, −2).
x2 + x + 2 = 0 (b)
which has no real roots.
∴ (1) and (3) do not intersect.
Putting (2) into (3) ,
x + 2 = x2
x2 − x − 2 = 0
(x − 2) (x + 1) = 0
x = −1 or 2.....................(4)
Putting (4) into (2),
when x = −1, y = −1 + 2 = 1;
when x = 2, y = 2 + 2 = 4.
∴ The required points of intersection
are (−1, 1) and (2, 4).
(d) The required area

∫ [( x + 2) − x ] dx
2
2
=
−1 (c) The required volume
2 3
1 1  =π ∫ x (3 − x)dx
2
=  x 2 + 2x − x 3 
 2 3  −1 0
3
1 1  3 x4 
= (2) 2 + 2(2) − (2) 3 = π x − 
2 3  4 0
 1 1 3 27π
−  (−1) + 2(−1) − (−1) 
2
=
2 3  4
1
=4
2
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New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

 y 2 = 8x
EXERCISE 17.7 Section 17.7 Volumes of hollow solids of
revolution 4. Solving  2 ,
(page 288) y =x
Section A their intersections of the graphs are (0, 0)
and (2, 4).
1. The intersections of y = x3 and y = x are y2 y4
(0, 0) and (1, 1). For y2 = 8x, x = , thus x2 = .
8 64
The required volume For y = x2, x = y.
∫[x ]
1
=π
2
− ( x 3 ) 2 dx ∴ The required volume
0
4 y4 
= π ∫ (x
0
1
2
− x 6 ) dx ∫
= π  y −
0

 dy
64 
1 4
 x3 x7   y2 y5 
=π  −  =π  − 
3 7 0  2 320  0
4π 24π
= =
21 5

2. The required volume 5. The vertices of the bounded region are

∫ [(3 − x ) − 2 ] dx
1
2 2 2 (3, 0), (5, 0) and (3, 16).
=π
−1 The required volume
1 16
= 2π ∫ (5 − 6 x + x ) dx =π ∫ (25 − y − 3 ) dy
2 4 2

0 0
16
= π ∫ (16 − y ) dy
1
 1 
= 2π 5 x − 2 x 3 + x 5  0
 5 0 16
 y2 
 1 5 = π 16 y − 
= 2π 5(1) − 2(1) + (1) 
3

 5   2 0
32π = 128π
=
15
6. The required volume
4
3. y = x + 1.......................................................(1)
2

y = x + 3........................................................(2)
=π ∫ (4 − y) dy
0
4
Putting (2) into (1),  1 
= π 4 y − y 2 
x + 3 = x2 + 1  2 0
x2− x − 2 = 0  1 2
(x + 1) (x − 2) = 0 = π 4(4) − (4) 
 2 
x = −1 or 2
= 8π
∴ The required volume

∫ [( x + 3) − ( x + 1) ] dx
2
=π
2 2 2 7.
−1
2
= π ∫ (− x − x + 6 x + 8) dx
4 2
−1
2
 1 1 
= π − x 5 − x 3 + 3x 2 + 8 x 
 5 3  −1
 1 5 1 3
= π − (2) − (2) + 3(2) + 8(2)
2

 5 3
1 1 
+(−1) 5 + (−1) 3 − 3(−1) 2 − 8(−1)
5 3 
117π
= (or 23.4π)
5
143
New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

The required volume Section B

π
=π
∫
0
4
(cos 2 x − sin 2 x) dx 9. (a) and (b)
π

+π ∫ (sin 2 x − cos 2 x) dx
2
π
4
π π

=π
∫ cos 2 x dx + π ∫ − cos 2 x dx
4 2
π
0 4
π π
 1 2
= π  1 sin 2 x  + π
4
2  − 2 sin 2 x  π
 0  
4

1 π 1 
= π  sin − sin 0
2 2 2 
 1 1 π
+ π − sin π + sin 
 2 2 2
=π
(c) The required volume
5 1
8. =π ∫0 ∫
( y + 1) dy − π (1 − y ) dy
0

= 17π

10. (a)

The required volume

∫ [(2 + y ) − (1 − y ) ] dy
1
2 2 2 2
=π
−1
1
= 2π ∫ (3 + 6 y ) dy
2
0

= 2π [ 3 y + 2 y ] 3 1
0

= 2π [3(1) + 2(1) ] 3

The required volume

= 10π 5 5

∫ 2 x dx − ∫ ( x − 4 x + 5) dx
2
=
1 1

2
= 10
3
(b) The required volume
5 5

∫ (2 x) dx −π ∫
2
= π ( x 2 − 4 x + 5) 2 dx
1 1
5
=π ∫ (− x + 8 x 3 − 22 x 2 + 40 x − 25) dx
4
1

13
= 93 π
15
11. (a) The required volume
144
New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

∫ [(− x + 2) − ( x ) ] dx
1
∴ Equations of the tangents are
= 2π
2 2 2
0 1
1
y = (x + 1)
= 2π ∫ ( x − 4 x + 4 − x ) dx 2
2 4
0 1
and −y = (x + 1)
64π 2
=
15 i.e. x − 2y + 1 = 0
(b) The required volume and x + 2y + 1= 0.
2 1
=π ∫ (2 − y )
1
2
dy + π ∫ y dy
0 (b) The required area
5π 1 1 1 
=
6  2 0 ∫
= 2  (2)(1) − x 2 dx 

2
12. =
3

(c) The required volume

1 1
= π (1) 2 (2) − π x dx
3 0 ∫
π
=
6

14. (a) C1: y = 2 x ................................. (1)

C2: y = x + 1 ..............................(2)
Putting (1) into (2),
2x = x + 1
2x = x + 1
x = 1.........................................(3)
Putting (3) into (1),
(a) The capacity
10 y = 2(1)
=π ∫ 0
10( y − 1) dy
= 2
= 405π ∴ The intersecting point of the curves
(b) Volume of the material C1 and C2 is (1, 2 ).
10
=π ∫ 10 y dy − capacity
0 (b) (i) and (ii)
= π [ 5 y ] − 405π
2 10
The graphs of C1 and C2 are shown in
0 the following figure.
= 95π The shaded region is bounded by the
graphs of C1 and C2, and the line y = 0.
13. (a) Let (t2, t) be the point of contact of
the tangent.
Then equation of the tangent is
1
ty = (x + t2).
2
(−1, 0) is on it ,
1
∴ t(0) = (−1 + t2)
2
t = ±1

145
New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

5
x − 2 = 0 or ( x − 2) 3 − 1 = 0
x = 2 or x − 2 = −1 or 1
∴ x = 2 , 1 or 3..................................(3)
Putting (3) into (2) yields the
intersecting points (1, −1), (2, 0), and
(3, 1).

(b) The shaded area

5
2

∫
3
=2 [( x − 2) − ( x − 2)] dx
1
2
3 8
1 
= 2  ( x − 2) 3 − ( x − 2) 2 
 8 2 1
(c) The shaded area
1 1  3 8
1 
∫ ∫
2
= x + 1 dx − 2 x dx = 2 − (1 − 2) 3 + (1 − 2) 
−1 0  8 2 
1 1
2  3
2 
3
1
=  ( x + 1)  −  2 ⋅ x 2 
2 =
4
 3  −1  3 
0
3 3 3 (c) (i) The required volume
2 2 2 2
= (1 + 1) 2 − (−1 + 1) 2 − 2⋅ (1) 3
10
3 3 3 = 2π
∫ 2
[( x − 2) 2 − ( x − 2) 3 ] dx
2 2
= 1 13 
3
3 3
= 2π  ( x − 2) 3 − ( x − 2) 3 
(d) (i) The capacity of the container  3 13  2
1
=π ∫ 2 x dx
0
1 3
= 2π  (3 − 2) −
3
13 
(3 − 2) 3 
= π [x ] 2 1
0
 3 13 
= π [1 −0 ] 2 2
=
8π
=π 39

(ii) The volume of material (ii) The required volume

3
1 0
=π ∫ ( x + 1) dx − π =π
∫ [( y + 2)
2 5
− ( y + 2) 2 ] dy
−1 −1
1
1 
3
1
= π  x 2 + x − π +π
∫
5
[( y + 2) 2 − ( y + 2) 2 ] dy
2  −1 0
6 3
1 2 1  0
= π  (1) + 1 − (−1) − (−1) − π =π
∫
2
( y 2 + 4 y − y 5 − 4 y 5 ) dy
 2 2  −1

= 2π − π 1
6 3

=π
+π
∫ 0
( y 5 + 4 y 5 − y 2 − 4 y ) dy
0
5 1 5
11
5 
8

15. (a) y = ( x − 2) .........................................(1)

3 = π  y2 + 2y2 − y 5 − y 5 
 3 11 2  −1
y = x − 2..............................................(2) +π
Putting (2) into (1) , 1
5  5 11 5 8 1 2 
x − 2 = ( x − 2) 3  y 5 + y 5 − y − 2y2 
11 2 3  0
2
(x − 2) [( x − 2) 3 − 1] = 0 25 41
= π+ π
66 66
146
New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

=π π
2. (a)
∫ (6 sin 2 x − 10 cos 5 x) dx
2
0

REVISION Revision exercise 17

(page 293) = [ − 3 cos 2 x − 2 sin 5 x ] 2
π

EXERCISE 17 0

5π
= (−3 cos π − 2 sin ) − (−3 cos 0 − 2 sin 0)
2
Section A
=4
2π

∫
3
1. (a) ∫1
( x + 1)(2 x − 3) dx (b)
π
cos 2 x dx
2π 1
∫
3
= ∫1
(2 x 2 − x − 3) dx =
π 2
(1 + cos 2 x) dx
3 2π
2 1  1 1 
=  x 3 − x 2 − 3x =  x + sin 2 x 
 3 2 1 2 4 π
2 3 1 2  1 1  1 1 
=  (3) − (3) − 3(3) =  (2π ) + sin 4π  −  π + sin 2π 
3 2  2 4  2 4 
2 3 1 2  π
−  (1) − (1) − 3(1) =
3 2  2
π

∫
1 (c) 4
sin 3 x cos 7 x dx
=7 π
3 −
4
7 π
1
64 4 x − x3 = ∫
4
[ sin (3x + 7 x) + sin (3x − 7 x)] dx
∫
(b) dx π
− 2
1 x2 4
π
3 1 1
∫
64 −
= 4
(sin 10 x − sin 4 x) dx
=
∫ 1
(4 x 2 − x3 ) dx 2 −
π
4
64 π
 −
1
3 
4
1 1 1 4
= 4(−2 x 2 ) − x 3  = − cos10 x + cos 4 x 
 4  2  10 4 − π
1 4
1 3 4 1
= −8(64) − 2 − (64) 3 + 8(1) − 2 1 1  π 1  π 
4 = − cos 10 ×  + cos  4 × 
3 4
2  10  4 4  4 
+ (1) 3
4 1 1  −π 
−  − cos 10 × 
1 2  10  4 
= −184
4 1 −π 
+ cos (4 × )
2
4 4 
(c) ∫ −5
3
(5 x − 2) 2 dx
=0
2 2 π
=
∫ (5x − 2)
−5
3
dx (d)
∫0
4
tan 2 x dx
2
1 3 5 π
=  ⋅ (5 x − 2) 3  =
∫ (sec 2 x − 1) dx
4

 5 5  − 5 0
π
3 3
5 5 = [ tan x − x ] 4
= (5 × 2 − 2) 3 − [ 5 × (−5) − 2] 3 0
25 25  π π
=  tan −  − (tan 0 − 0)
= 33  4 4
π
= 1−
4

147
New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

7 (b) Putting y = 4 into (1),

3. (a) ∫ [ 2 f ( x) − 3g ( x)] dx = 1
1 4 = 5x − x2
7 7
x − 5x + 4 = 0
2

∫ ∫
∴ 2 f ( x) dx − 3 g ( x) dx = 1.....(1)
1 1 (x − 1)(x − 4) = 0
7

∫ [ 4 g ( x) − 5 f ( x)] dx = −13
x = 1 or 4
1 ∴ The coordinates of A and B are
7 7 (1, 4) and (4, 4) respectively.
∫ 1 ∫
∴ 4 g ( x) dx − 5 f ( x) dx = −13. .(2)
1 The area bounded by the parabola
(1) × 4 + (2) × 3, and the line y = 4
7 4

∫−7
1
f ( x) dx = − 35 = ∫ (5x − x
1
2
− 4) dx
7 4
∴ ∫ f ( x) dx = 5.............................(3) 5 1 
=  x 2 − x 3 − 4x
1
7
2 3 1
Hence, ∫ 2 f ( x) dx = 2(5) = 10 5 1 
1 =  (4) 2 − (4) 3 − 4(4)
2 3 
(b) Putting (3) into (2),
7 5 2 1 3 
∫
4 g ( x) dx − 5(5) = −13
1
−  (1) − (1) − 4(1)
 2 3 
7
1
∫
4 g ( x) dx = 12
1
=4
2
7

∫ g ( x) dx =3 (c) Area of trapezium OABC

1 1
= (3 + 5) × 4
7 1 1
∫ − 3 g ( x) dx = − 3 × 3 = −1
∴ 2
1 = 16
∴ The shaded area between the
7
1 1 
(c) ∫  2 f ( x) + 6 g ( x) dx
1
parabola and the trapezium
5
= 20 – 16
1 7 1 7
∫
6
=
2 1 ∫
f ( x) dx +
6 1
g ( x) dx
= 4
5
1 1 6
= (5) + (3)
2 6
=3 5. (a) y= x ..............................................(1)
x + y = 6.............................................(2)
4. (a) y = 5x − x 2 ..........................(1) From (1), y 2 = x ...............................(3)
When y = 0, 0 = 5x − x 2 Putting (3) into (2),
0 = x (5 − x)
y2 + y = 6
∴ x = 0 or 5
i.e. The coordinates of C = (5, 0) y2 + y − 6 = 0
The area bounded by the parabola and (y − 2)(y + 3) = 0
the x-axis y = 2 or –3 (rejected)
5

∫ (5x − x ) dx y = 2............................(4)
2
= ∴
0
5
Putting (4) into (2),
5 2 1  x+2=6
=  x − x3 
2 3 0 x=4
5 2 1 3 ∴ The coordinates of A = (4, 2)
= (5) − (5)
2 3
5
= 20
6

148
New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

(b) From (2), x = 6 − y 

6
y3  25
Integrating along the y-axis , = 3 y 2 −  +
 3 2
the required area 5
2 6 1
= ∫
0
y 2 dy +
∫ (6 − y) dy
2
= 15
6
1  
2
1 
6 8.
=  y 3  + 6 y − y 2 
3 0  2 2
8
= +8
3
2
= 10
3

π
6. (a) The x-coordinates of A and B are −
2
π
and respectively.
2
y = 2 sin x
π
∴ The coordinates of A = ( − , − 2)
2
π
The coordinates of B = ( , 2)  y = 9 − x2
2 Solving  ,
2
(b) The area bounded by the curve OB and  y = x − 3x
the x-axis ∴ We get the intersections of the 2 curves
π
3 27
=
∫ 2 sin x dx
2
(3, 0) and (− , ).
0 2 4
π The required area
= [ − 2 cos x ] 2
3 3

∫ (9 − x ) dx − ∫ ( x − 3x) dx
0 2 2
=
π 0 0
= − 2 cos + 2 cos 0 3
2
= ∫ (9 − x − x + 3 x) dx
2 2
=2 0
The area bounded by the curve OB and 3

the y-axis = ∫ (9 − 2 x + 3 x) dx 2
0
π 3
= ×2−2  2 x 3 3x 2 
2 = 9 x − + 
= π −2  3 2 0
By symmetry, the required area 1
= 2(π − 2) = 22
2
= 2π − 4
9. The required volume
x = 6 y − y 2 π
7. (a) Solving 
y = x
, =π
∫ 3
0
(sin 2 2 x − sin 2 x) dx
we get P = (5, 5). π
1 1 
=π ∫  2 (1 − cos 4 x) − 2 (1 − cos 2 x) dx
3
Putting x = 0 into x = 6y − y2, we get
Q = (0, 6).
0 
π
(b) The area of the shaded region
= π − 1 sin 4 x + 1 sin 2 x 
3
6 1  8 
∫
= (6 y − y 2 ) dy + (5)(5)
5 2
 4 0
3 3
= π
16

149
New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

10. (a) y = x (4 − x).........................................(1) dy

∴ = 0 when 4 − 2x = 0
1 3 dx
y = x ............................................ (2)
9 i.e. x=2
Putting (2) into (1), When x = 2, y = 2 + 4(2) − 22 = 6
1 3 d2y
x = x (4 − x) = −2 < 0
9
dx 2
x 3 − 9x(4 − x) = 0
x= 2

∴ (2, 6) is a maximum point on C1.

x(x2 − 36 + 9x) = 0
x(x − 3)(x + 12) = 0 (c) Differentiating (2) with respect to x,
x = 0, 3 or −12 dy
= 3x2 − 12x + 8
A is in the first quardant, dx
∴ Its x-coordinate = x = 3.............(3) d2y
= 6x − 12
1 dx 2
Putting (3) into (2), y = × 33 = 3
9 dy
∴ = 0 when 3x2 − 12x + 8 = 0
∴ The coordinates of A = (3, 3) dx
(b) The required volume of the solid of
12 ± (−12) 2 − 4 × 3 × 8
revolution ∴ x=
3
6
1 3 
2

∫
= π  x (4 − x) −  x   dx
2 2
12 ± 48
0
  9   =
6
3
 1 6 = 0.845 3 or 3.154 7
∫ 16 x − 8x3 + x 4 −
2
=π x  dx
0 81  When x = 0.845 3,
3 y = (0.845 3)3 − 6(0.845 3)2 + 8(0.845 3)
16 1 1 7
= π  x3 − 2x 4 + x5 − x +2
3 5 567  0
= 5.079 2
936π
= d2y
35 = 6(0.845 3) – 12 < 0
dx 2 x = 0.8453
Section B ∴ (0.845 3, 5.079 2) is a maximum
point
17. (a) C1: y = 2 + 4x − x2............................(1) of C2.
C2: y = x3 − 6x2+ 8x + 2....................(2) When x = 3.154 7,
Putting (1) into (2) , y = (3.154 7)3 − 6(3.154 7) 2 + 8(3.154 7)
2 + 4x − x2 = x3 − 6x2 + 8x + 2 +2
x 3 − 5x2 + 4x = 0 = −1.079 2
x(x2 − 5x + 4) = 0 d2y
x(x − 1)(x − 4) = 0 = 6(3.154 7) – 12 > 0
dx 2
x = 0, 1 or 4.....................(3) x = 3.154 7

Putting (3) into (1), ∴ (3.154 7, –1.079 2) is a maximium

when x = 0, y = 2 + 4(0) − 02 = 2; point of C2.
when x = 1, y = 2 + 4(1) − 12 = 5; (d) Putting y = 0 into (1),
when x = 4, y = 2 + 4(4) − 42 = 2. 0 = 2 + 4x + x2
∴ The points of intersection of C1 and x2 − 4x − 2 = 0
C2 are (0, 2), (1, 5), (4, 2). 2
(b) Differentiating (1) with respect to x, x = 4 ± (−4) − 4(1)(−2)
dy 2
= 4 − 2x x=2 ± 6
dx
d2y = −0.449 or 4.449
= −2
dx 2 Putting y = 0 into (1),
0 = x3 − 6x2 + 8x + 2

150
New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

By approximation,
x = −0.214 3, 2.539 2 or 3.675 1

151
New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

The graphs of C1 and C2 are shown in the gradient = slope of AB

following figure. 4x − 1
∴ 2x = 2 + 1
1
x=2
1 1
( , )
∴ C is 2 4 .
(b) Equation of the required tangent is
1 1
y − = 1( x − )
4 2
1
i.e. y = x − .
2
(c)
−1 1
1 1
1
Area of ∆ABC = 2 4
2
2 4
(e) The area bounded by C1 and C2 −1 1

∫ [( x
1 27
= 3
− 6 x 2 + 8 x + 2) =
0 8
] ∫ [( 2 + 4 x − x )
4
2 Area of the bounded region
− (2 + 4 x − x 2 ) dx + 2

− ( x − 6 x + 8 x + 2) dx
3 2
]
1
= ∫−1
( x + 1 − x 2 ) dx
9
1 =
=
∫0
( x 3 − 5 x 2 + 4 x) dx 2
27 9
4
∴ The required ratio = :
+ ∫
1
(− x 3 + 5 x 2 − 4 x) dx 8 2
1
=3:4
=  x 4 − x 3 + 2 x 2 
1 5
 4 3 0 1 2
4 19. (a) y= x
 1 5  2
+ − x 4 + x 3 − 2 x 2  dy
 4 3 1 =x
dx
7 1
= + 11 dy
12 4 ∴ =4
5 dx ( 4, 8 )
= 11
6 The equation of the tangent at P is
y − 8 = 4(x − 4)
18. (a) Solving i.e. 4x − y − 8 = 0.
 y = x 2 ........................................(1) ∴ Q is (2, 0).
 y = x + 2....................................(2)
 (b) The required area
4 1 1
we get
A(−1, 1), B(2, 4).
= ∫
0 2
x 2 dx − (2)(8)
2
From (1), 2
= 2
dy 3
= 2x (c) The required volume
dx
At the point C,

152
New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

1 4 1 cot 5 θ cot 3 θ
=π
0 ∫
( x 2 ) 2 dx − π (8) 2 (2)
2 3
∴ I6 = −
5
+
3
− cot θ
128π −θ+C
=
15 π

20. (a)
16
y = 2 ................................................(1)
∴ ∫ π
4
2
cot 6 θ dθ
x
π
y = x 2 .................................................(2)  cot 5 θ cot 3 θ 2
1 = − + − cot θ − θ 
y = x ...............................................(3)  5 3 π
4 4
Solving (1) and (3), yields 13 π
A = (4, 1). −
Solving (1) and (2), yields = 15 4
B = (2, 4).
π
(b) The required area
4 16
22. (a) ∫ cos mx cos nx dx
0
2 1
=
0 ∫ x 2 dx +
2 x2 ∫
dx − (4)(1)
2
1
2
π
= ∫ [cos (m + n) x + cos(m − n) x] dx
0
8
= +4−2
π
1  sin (m + n) x sin (m − n) x 
3 = +
2  m + n m − n  0
2
= 4 =0
3 (b) If m = n, the integral
(b) The required volume π

=π
2

∫x 4 dx + π
4 256 1
∫
dx − π (1) 2 (4)
= ∫
0
cos 2 mx dx
0 2 x4 3 1 π

=
32 π 28 π 4 π
+ −
=
2 ∫ (1 + cos 2mx) dx
0
3 3 3 π
72π 1 sin 2mx 
=  x+
=
5 2 2m  0
π
=
21. (a) In + In−2 2
∫ (cot θ + cot θ ) dθ
n n−2 π
= (c) ∫ 0
(cos x + cos 3 x + cos 5 x) 2 dx

= ∫ cot θ (cot θ + 1) dθ
n−2 2 π
= ∫ 0
(cos 2 x + cos 2 3 x + cos 2 5 x
= ∫ cot θ csc θ dθ
n−2 2
+ 2 cos x cos 3x + 2 cos 3x cos 5x
+ 2 cos x cos 5x) dx
= − ∫ cot θ d (cot θ )
n−2

π π π
= + + +0+0+0
cot n −1 θ 2 2 2
= −
n −1 3π
=
∴ (n − 1)[In + In−2] = −cot n−1θ 2
(b) From (a),
23. (a) C1: x2 + y2 = 25....................................(1)
cot 5 θ
I6 = − − I4 x2 y2
5 . C 2: + = 1................................(2)
16 9
cot 3 θ
I4 = − − I2 Putting x = 0 into (2),
3
02 y2
I2 = − cot θ − I0 + =1
16 9
∫ cot
0
I0 = θ dθ = θ + C y = −3 or 3 (rejected)
∴ y = −3

153
New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

Hence, the maximum depth of water

=b=3

154
New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

x2 y2
(b) From (2), = 1−
16 9
16 2
x2 = 16 − y
9
∴ The capacity of the bowl
0
 16 2 
−3 ∫
= π 16 − y  dy
9 
0
 16 3 
= π 16 y − y
 27  −3
= 32π unit3
x 2 = 25 − y
2
(c) From (1),
∴ The volume of material making the
bowl
0
=π ∫
−5
(25 − y 2 ) dy − 32π
0
 1 
= π 25 y − y 3  − 32π
 3  −5
250
= π − 32π
3
154π
= unit3
3

(d) The volume of water = V

−3 + h 16 2
=π ∫
−3
(16 −
9
y ) dy
−3 + h
 16 3 
= π 16 y − y
 27  −3
 16
= π 16(−3 + h) − (−3 + h) 3
 27
16 
− 16(−3) + (−3) 3 
27 
16 2 16 3
∴V = π ( h − h ) unit3…. (3)
3 27

(e) Differentiating (3) with respect to time

t,
dV 32 16 dh
= π ( h − h2 ) ⋅
dt 3 9 dt
b 3 dV
When h = = and = 3,
2 2 dt
 32  3  16  3  2  dh
3 = π   −   
 3  2  9  2   dt
dh
3 = 12π ⋅
dt
dh 1
∴ =
dt 4π

155
New Way Additional Mathematics 3 — Solution Guide (Chapter 17)

i.e. The rate of rising of water level 4 x2

=
1
unit/s
∴ ∫0 1 + 2x
dx
4π
1 2 2
=  x 1 + 2x − x 1 + 2x
d n  5 15
24. (a) (x 1+ 2x ) 4
dx 2 
+ 1 + 2x 
d d n 15 0
= xn ⋅ ( 1+ 2x ) + 1 + 2x ⋅ (x )
dx dx 1 2
= (4 ) 1 + 2(4)
1 −
1
5
= x n ⋅ (1 + 2 x) (2) + 1+ 2 x ⋅ nx n −1
2
2
2 − (4) 1 + 2(4)
xn 15
= + nx n −1 1 + 2 x 2
1+ 2 x + 1 + 2(4)
15
x n −1
= [ x + n(1 + 2 x)] −
2
1 + 2(0)
1 + 2x 15
x n −1 4
= [ (2n + 1) x + n] =8
15
1 + 2x
x3
=
(2n + 1) x n
+
nx n −1 (ii) ∫ 1+ 2x
dx
1 + 2x 1 + 2x
= I3
(b) From (a), 1 3
= ⋅ x 3 1 + 2x − I2
 (2n + 1) x n nx n−1  2(3) + 1 2(3) + 1
∫ 
 1 + 2x
+  dx
1 + 2x 
4 x2
= x n 2 + 2x
∴ ∫
0 1 + 2x
dx
4
1  3 4 x2
(2n + 1)I n + nI n −1 = x n 1 + 2 x
1 n
=  x3 1 + 2x  −
7  0 7 0 1 + 2x
dx ∫
∴ In = . x n 1+ 2 x − I n −1 1 3 3 4
2n + 1 2n + 1 = (4) 1 + 2(3) − × 8
x2 7 7 15
(c) (i) ∫
1 + 2x
dx
= 23
31
35
= I2
1 2
= . 2 −
2(2) + 1 x 1 + 2 x 2(2) + 1 1
I

2 1
1 2 − x 1 + 2x
x 1 + 2 x 5  2(1) + 1
=5 
1 
− I0 
2(1) + 1 
1 2 2
= x 1 + 2x − x 1 + 2x
5 15
2 dx
+
15 ∫
1 + 2x
1 2 2
= x 1 + 2x − x 1 + 2x
5 15
2
+ 1 + 2x + C
15

156