NAME GENERIC NAME: Penicillin

CLASSIFICATION/ INDICATION CLASSIFICATION: Antibiotic INDICATION: Indicated in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated organisms

DOSE, ROUTE, FREQUENCY 250-500 mg in doses OD q6

MECHANISM OF ACTION All penicillin derivatives produce their bacteriocidal effects by inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Penicillins prevent bacteria from using a substance that is necessary for the maintenance of the bacterias outer cell wall. Unable to use this substance for cell wall maintenance, the bacteria swell, rupture, assume unusual shapes, and finally die.

CONTRAINDICATION Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to penicillins Renal dysfunction

SIDE EFFECTS GI: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea Neuro: Hallucinations, myoclonus seizures Hema: Hemolytic anemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia CV: cardiac arrest, hypotension, tachycardia, palpitations

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES Advise client to take penicillin with meals to reduce GI discomfort Advise client to report rash or signs of superinfectio n

BRAND NAME: Penicillin G

NAME GENERIC NAME: Fluoroquinolone

CLASSIFICATION/ INDICATION CLASSIFICATION: Antibiotic INDICATION: Indicated in the treatment of infections caused by bacteria

BRAND NAME: Ciprofloxacin

DOSE, MECHANISM OF ROUTE, ACTION FREQUENCY 500mg q24 OD Fluoroquinolones interfere with bacterial DNA metabolism by the inhibition of two enzymes, Topoisomerase II (syn. DNA gyrase) and Topoisomerase IV. The function of DNA gyrase is to introduce supercoils into the linear DNA double helix, which results in the highly condensed 3dimensional structure of the DNA usually present inside the cell. The function of Topoisomerase IV still is barely understood.

CONTRAINDICATION Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolone Contraindicated with NSAIDS and mineral supplements Pregnancy and lactation

SIDE EFFECTS GI: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation Neuro: Drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness CV: cardiac arrest, hypotension, tachycardia, palpitations

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES Advise client not to take mineral supplements, vitamins containing iron, pediatric powder, didanosine chewable tablets, antacids containing calcium, aluminum, or magnesium within two hours of taking fluoroquinolon e antibiotics. Avoid taking cimetidine, cyclosporine, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs such as

ibuprofen and naproxen, probenecid, sucralfate, theophyllinecontaining drugs, blood thinners, insulin, or multivitamins containing zinc while you are on fluoroquinolon e antibiotics.