1. Permeability: Where people can go, and where they cannot. (first quality) a.

Physical permeability: The permeability of any system of public space depends on the number of alternative paths it offers from one point to another. b. Visual permeability: These alternative paths must be visible, otherwise only people who already know the area can take advantage of them. Both physical and visual permeability depend on how the network of public space divides the environment into blocks. Our environment as an area of land entirely surrounded by public paths. We have an advantage because of our small block: - A place with small blocks gives more choice of paths than one with large blocks. (more alternative paths) - Shorter length of public paths. 2. Variety: The range of uses available to people. a. Different levels of variety: Variety of experience implies places with varied forms, uses and meaning. Variety of use unlocks the other levels of variety: - a place with varied uses has varied building types, of varied forms - it attracts varied people, at varied times, for varied reasons - because the different activities, forms and people provide a rich perceptual mix, different users interpret the place in different ways: it takes on varied meanings (Variety of use is therefore the key to variety as a whole) b. Variety and choice: The purpose of promoting variety is to increase choice. But choice is also depends on mobility: people who are highly mobile can take advantage of a variety of activities

even if these are spread over a wide area. But, who can a place afford high mobility? - can children or poor people? - or disabled or sick people? - or parents with young children? d. How much variety? How to maximize it? (there is no danger of ending up with too much!) The variety of uses a project can support depend on three main factors: the range of activities which want to locate there (demand) the possibility of supplying (affordable) space in the scheme to house these activities. the extent to which the design encourages positive interactions between them.

3. Legibility: How easily people can understand what opportunities it offers. ( the quality which makes a place graspable) a. There are two levels of legibility: 1. physical form 2. activity patterns b. Paths are the most significant element in legibility. They are channels of movement and many people include them as the most important features in their image of the space. d. Nodes: are focal places, such as junctions of paths. c. Landmarks: in contrast to nodes, which can be entered, landmarks are point references which most people experience from outside. 4. Robustness: The degree to which people can use a given place for different purposes. (places which can be used for many different purposes offer their users choice than places whose design limits than to a single fixed use) a. Problems inside buildings: this leads to a tendency for the designers to provide specialized space for the different activities.

In our space which is a public outdoor space, designers tend to employ the same approach, thinking in terms of specialized spaces for different activities, separated off from one another. But activities in public space are public activities: - they rarely need to be separated from one another for reasons of privacy. - people come there to experience other people. b. Dose patrons have the power, and will use it primarily to further their own interests. 5. Visual Appropriateness: Whether the detailed appearance of the place makes people aware of the choices available. Why? This is important because it strongly affects the interpretations people put on the place: whether designers want them to or not, people will interpret places as having meaning. When this meanings support responsiveness, the place has the Visual Appropriateness quality. a. What makes the visuals appropriate? the interpretations people give to a place can reinforce its responsiveness at three different levels: by supporting its legibility, in terms of form and use by supporting its variety by supporting it robustness, at both large and small scales. 6. Richness: People choice of sensory experiences. - it is about designing for the senses. a. The sense of motion b. The sense of smell c. The sense of hearing d. The sense of touch 7. Personalisation: The extent to which people can put their own stamp on a place. This is the only way most people can achieve an environment which bears the stamp of their own taste and values.