HVAC Designing & Detailing for HASSAM VILLE

HVAC DESIGINING AND DETAILING FOR APEX COMMERCIAL COMPLEX

A Project Report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING BY
1. AMIR BIN AWAD 2. IMRAN AHMED KHAN 3. SHAIK JAVED ALAM 4. SYED ZUBAIR AHMED 06081A0304 06081A0306 06081A0308 06081A0347

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

INTERNAL GUIDE MR. SAI BABU
ASST. PROFESSOR DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

EXTERNAL GUIDE MR.SYED MOAZZAM ALI

SR.DESIGN ENGENEER

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SHADAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (Affiliated to J.N.T.U Hyderabad) HYDERABAD 2009-10

SHADAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Peeran Cheru, Himayat Sagar Road, Hyderabad-500 008. Established by SHADAN EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY. (A MINORITY INSTITUTION) Permitted by the Govt. of A.P., Approved by A.I.C.T.E. &.Affiliated to JNTU, Hyderabad. College, phones: Principal 24192924, 24198796, Mobile: 9848308311, Fax: 040-24198021 ECE Dept: - 24191068, EEE Dept: 24198364, Mech Dept: 24198612 I.T. & CSE Dept: 24192112 Exam Branch: 24191933 E-mail: scet_shadan@yahoo.co.uk website : www.scet.in

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project titled HVAC DESIGINING AND DETAILING FOR HASSAM VILLA is submitted by AMIR BIN AWAD (06081A0304), IMRAN AHMED KHAN (06081A0306), SHAIK JAVED ALAM (06081A0308) and SYED ZUBAIR AHMED (06081A0347), in partial fulfillment for the award of Degree of Bachelor of Technology in Mechanical Engineering, is a bonafide work carried out by them under my guidance and supervision at TAIBA ENGINEERING CONSULTANTS, MALAKPET, HYDERABAD. The duration of their Project work was from 29th JAN 2010 to 20th APRIL 2010.

INTERNAL GUIDE

Head of the Department

MR. SAI BABU PROFESSOR DEPT. OF MECHANICAL ENGG.

Mr. E.V.RAMANA PROFESSOR DEPT. OF MECHANICAL ENGG

EXTERNAL EXAMINER

HVAC Designing & Detailing for HASSAM VILLE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Our work would never have been accomplished without our God Almighty with His blessings and His power that kept us going. We express my profound and sincere gratitude to our chairman Dr.MOHD.VIZARAT RASOOL KHAN, Shadan College of Engineering & Technology for providing all the facilities and support during our academic period of study We would like to express our deep sense of gratitude and acknowledgement for the help, advice and guidance of Mr.Syed Moazzam Ali, Industrial and Engineering expert, at Taiba Engineering Consultants, Malakpet, Hyderabad and Internal Guide Mr.SAI BABU Professor, Mechanical Department, without whom the present study would not have been possible. It is their infinite patience coupled with firm but gentle manner of driving us to work hard that has made this work progress a posse ad esse from the possible to the actual. We would also like to thank Mr. E.V.RAMANA, Head of Department, Mechanical Engineering, whose kind encouragements and guidance has always motivated us and helped us to choose the topic for the final year project and perform it. We express our heartful gratitude and respectful regards to K.M.H Ansari, PRINCIPAL of Shadan College of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad Finally, we would like to thank staff of the of Taiba Engineering Consultants and Mechanical Engineering Department for providing us with all the support we needed and giving us necessary inputs and the right environment for the successful completion of the project. The college has time and again proved that it is the almamater in true sense

AMIR BIN AWAD IMRAN AHMED KHAN SHIAK JAVED ALAM SYED ZUBAIR AHMED

(06081A0304) (06081A0306) (06081A0308) (06081A0347)

ABSTRACT
Today, the field of air conditioning design is more technologically challenging than ever before. While design innovations and product improvements promise sleeker, more versatile, more powerful and more energy efficient air conditioners, the challenge today lies in identifying the most appropriate product, or mix of products, for the application at hand. Indeed, today the emphasis is no more on understanding air conditioning products but on creating solutions and not just solutions, but customized solutions that suit specific cooling needs of specific business and establishments. The consultant or designer who understands the dynamics of those clients business is more likely to offer better long term cooling solutions than who does not. No one contradicts on the fact that man works efficiently in conductive environments. The emergence of HVAC field made it possible to maintain him in comfort zone with the thermal environment irrespective of seasonal variations within hi surroundings. It is the cost and degree of comfort that determines to what extent the function of air-conditioning is needed. Every air conditioning application has its own special needs and provided its own challenges. Airports, hotels, shopping malls, office complexes and banks need uniform comfort cooling in every corner of their sprawling spaces and activities involving computers, electronics, aircraft products, precision manufacturing , communication networks and operation in hospitals, infact many areas of programming will come to a halt, so air-conditioning is no longer a luxury but an essential part of modern living. With reference to the building plan and requirement of the case problem air-conditioning load is estimated for seasonal conditions. The project is carried out on Design of Central Air Conditioning System using vapour absorption system for HASSAM VILLA. To provide human comfort while working, it is very essential to maintain steady temperature at working places.

HVAC Designing & Detailing for HASSAM VILLE

CONTENTS
I. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT II. ABSTRACT III. LIST OF FIGURES IV. LIST OF TABLES 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Definition of AC 1.2 Description 1.3 Principle of absorption cooling 1.4 How an absorption machine works 1.5 Types of Absorption system

PAGE NO.

1 1 4 4 4 7

2. AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEMS 2.1 Types of Air-Conditioning Systems 2.2 Commercial Air-Conditioning According To Application 2.3 Industrial Air-Conditioning 2.4 Unit of Refrigeration 2.5 Commercial Air-Conditioning According To Season 2.6 Types of Air Conditioning 2.7 Central Air Conditioning Plant 3. EQUIPMENTS OF AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM 3.1 GENERATOR 3.2 Evaporator/Chiller 3.3 Condenser 3.4 Refrigerants 3.5 Requirement for Refrigerants 3.6 Important Refrigerants 4. PSYCHOMETRY

12 12 12 15 15 19 20 23 25 25 25 27 28 29 29 31

4.1 Psychometry 4.2 Humidity 4.3 Different Heat Sources

32 32 32

5. BUILDING SURVEY AND LOAD ESTIMATE

5.1 Building Survey 5.2 Location of Equipment and Services 6. AIR CONDITIONING LOAD ESTIMATE 6.1 Outdoor Loads 6.2 Internal Loads 6.3 Heating Load Estimate 6.4 Equipment Selection 6.5 Design Conditions 7. DUCT & DUCT DESIGNING 7.1 Duct 7.2 Various shapes of Ducts 7.3 Effect of Aspect Ratio 7.4 Introduction to Ducts 7.5 Classification of Ducts 7.6 Duct Material 7.7 Duct Shape 7.8 Duct Design 7.9 Duct Design Procedure and Duct Layout 7.10 Duct Sizing Methods 8. SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION 9. ASHRAE RECOMMENDED VALUES 10. SIMULATION OF HVAC DESIGNING 11. COMPILED DATA FOR CHILLED WATER PLANT

34 34 37 39 39 40 42 43 43 44 44 45 47 48 48 49 50 51 52 55 58 68 (35 PAGES) 73

HVAC Designing & Detailing for HASSAM VILLE

3.3 FIG NO. 3.4 1.4 4.1 2.1 7.1 2.2 2.3 7.2 3.27.3 7.4 7.5

CONDENSER FIGURE NAME REFRIGERANTS SCH OF VAM PSYCHOMETRIC CHART BASIC WINDOW AIR CONDITIONER AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM COMPONENTS FOR SUPPLY SPLIT AC 11 RETURN AND FRESH AIR ROUND DUCT CENTRAL AIR CONDITIONING PLANT CHILLER PLANT SYSTEM SQUARE DUCT RECTANGULAR DUCT VARIOUS TYPES OF AIR DUCT

25 PAGE NO. 26 5 29 10 42 20 21 43 44 45 48 24

HVAC Designing & Detailing for HASSAM VILLE

7.6 7.7 8.1

DUCT DESIGN A TYPICAL SUPPLY DUCT SYSTEM BETA INDUSTRIAL LLC SOFTWARE SOFTWARE FOR CALCULATING CEILING DIFFUSER LINEAR REGISTER AND GRILLES SOFTWARE SOFTWARE FOR DUCT DESIGNING SOFTWARE FOR WEATHER PROPERTIES DIALOG BOX FOR SPACE PROPERTIES DIALOG BOX FOR AIR SYSTEM PROPERTIES CHILLER WATER PLANT SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR 53 57

49

8.2

58

8.3

59

8.4

60

8.5

61

8.6

61

8.7

65

11.1

71

13.1

CHILLED WATER PIPE

75

LIST OF TABLES
TAB NO
14 7.1

TABLE NAME
REVERSE RETURN DISTRIBUTIONVELOCITY FOR RECOMMENDED SYSTEM VARIOUS APPLICATIONS OUTDOOR AIR REQUIREMENTS FOR VENTILATION LIGHTING LOAD

PAGE NO
78

50

9.1

66

9.2

67

HVAC Designing & Detailing for HASSAM VILLE

9.3

U FACTOR GLASS OVERALL FACTORS FOR SOLAR HEAT GAIN THROUGH GLASS RECOMMENDED MAXIMUM VELOCITIES FOR LOW VELOCITY SYSTEMS (FPM) SUGGESTED VELOCITIES IN LOW VELOCITY AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS AIR VOLUME (CFM) CAPACITIES OF DIFFUSERS SELECTION TABLE PERFORMANCE DATA FOR RTAA 170

68

9.4 9.5

68 69

9.6

70

9.7 11.1

70 73

12.1

CHILLER MODEL DIMENSIONAL DATA

74

12.2

COST ANALYSIS FOR VAPOUR ABSORPTION & RECIPROCATING CHILLER

84