Civil Societys Role in Environmental Protection

Basically, the aim of development implementation is to improve standards of life and human welfare that leads to increasing the quality of human life. Achievement of the human life quality according to Iskandar (2009) is the degree of basic fulfillment needs in practice that related to cultural change from an originally community that less effective and less efficient in terms of its usefulness to become more effective and efficient which means to exploit and utilize the existing energy resources in the environment. In the process of achieving quality of life, environmental capacity to support life must be guarded to prevent damage, because damage to the environment will have an impact on quality of life that further deterioration will lead to extinction in our own lives (Soemarwoto, 2004). In fact, development itself which performed until now, still much emphasis on human interest, human nature centered development, without considering the environment as a whole in development process. Asdak (2009) in his paper mentions that the primacy of human interest in the development of legitimate existence because humans are living creatures and the most dominant creatures on planet earth, but if too oriented only in the interests of human being simply by ignoring the existence of life and other things nonhuman then what will happen next is that character development will be in reductionism paradigm of anthropocentrism with Cartesian worldview. So in this case, the partial approach to the complexity of a problem is often referred to simplify the complexity of the environment or eco-simplification (Session, 1995 in Asdak, 2009). Sustainable Development Concept, using the ecological worldview, was first popularized by the report of World Commission on Environment and Development (World Commission on Environment and Development - WCED) entitled "Our Common Future" (Day of Our Common Future), published in 1987. This report defined sustainable development as development that meets the need of current generations without compromising the ability of future generations. In the process of sustainable development there is a planned change process, in which there is exploitation of resources, the investment orientation of technological development and institutional change all this in a

state of harmony, and increase the potential for present and future to meet the needs and aspirations of the community. Various environmental damages produced by conventional development was concluded by Hardin (1986) as the phenomenon of tragedy of the commons which occurs due to the looseness, or even the absence of norms of "ownership" of a resource, so people tend to be arbitrary to such resources. Small example is the forest, because it is considered as common property ownership due to uncertainty, people exploit the forests without considering the effects that will be faced in the future. In the end, erosion and flooding came when the rainy season and drought is rampant in dry season. The impacts, not only in humans but also on other living beings, thereby reducing the biological diversity of leaving even the extinction of various species. However, sustainable development does not just concentrate on environmental issues. More broadly than that, the scope of sustainable development encompasses three policies: economic development, social development and environmental protection, hereinafter referred to as three pillars of sustainable development. Iskandar (2009) explains that this type of sustainable economic and social development is to protect and improve the environment and social equity, so that the development will aim to improve social and economic situation in general. The emphasis is not solely on economic growth but rather on improving the quality of human welfare or development of human potential.

Reference Asdak. 2009. Ilmu Biologi dalam Perspektif Pembangunan Berkelanjutan. Makalah untuk Seminar Nasional Inovasi Biologi dan Pendidikan Biologi dalam Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia. Iskandar. 2009. Ekologi Manusia dan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan. Bandung : Unpad Press. Soemarwoto. 2004. Ekologi, Lingkungan Hidup dan Pembangunan. Jakarta : Djambatan