UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

No Dokumen TB/MP/T4/BMCY491 34153/9

No Isu./Tarikh 1/15-092011 Jumlah Mukasurat

THERMAL FLUID LABORATORY 3 Wind Turbine(WT1) 1.OBJECTIVE:

No Semakan/Tarikh

Study of the power generated by the aerogenerator depending on the rotor speed.

2.THEORY: A wind turbine is a rotating machine which converts the kinetic energy in wind into mechanical energy. It is designed to exploit wind energy. Fundamental aerodynamic theory shows that not all the energy of the wind at a given point can be extracted (see Betz limit), and a practical design can only obtain around 80% of the theoretical maximum.[1] A wind turbine installation consists of sub-systems to catch the wind's energy, point the turbine into the wind, convert mechanical rotation into electrical power, and systems to start, stop, and control the turbine. The aerodynamics of a horizontal-axis wind turbine are not straightforward. The air flow at the blades is not the same as the airflow far away from the turbine. The very nature of the way in which energy is extracted from the air also causes air to be deflected by the turbine. In addition the aerodynamics of a wind turbine at the rotor surface exhibit phenomena that are rarely seen in other aerodynamic fields. In 1919 the physicist Albert Betz showed that for a hypothetical ideal wind-energy extraction machine, the fundamental laws of conservation of mass and energy allowed no more than 16/27 (59.3%) of the kinetic energy of the wind to be captured. This Betz' law limit can be approached by modern turbine designs which may reach 70 to 80% of this theoretical limit. Power generated through the wind turbine is shown in equation 1.

P 0.5 C p V 3 A

equation 1

where P = mechanical power in the moving air, Watt = air density, kg/m3 1/3

Cp=power coefficient (Beltz limit = 0.593) A = area swep by rotor blades, m2 V = velocity of the air, m/s 3.PROCEDURE: Part A: Various speeds. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Switch on the computer. Click on Program>EDIBON>SACED_EEC Click Start >SACED_EEC_DAT. Set the rotor angle at 0o. Turn on the fan Set the actuator number to 4 and wait for 20 seconds. Record the data in Table 1. Increase the actuator number to 5 and repeat step 2. Repeat step 3 for increasing actuator number from 6 to 10.

4.DISCUSSION: 1. Plot the graph of wind speed vs power (experimental and theoretical value) and make sure the graph is well presented. Discuss the pattern of the graph obtained. Explain the effect of the speed angle on the power generated. State four parameters that affect the power generated by the wind turbine? Does temperature affect the power generated too? Discuss the sources of error that may exist during the experimental work.

2. 3. 4.

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Name:

_________________________________

Matric Number: ________________

Section / Group: _________________________ Date of experiment: _____________

Actuator number 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Vwind (m/s)

Vmean (m/s)

Temperature, oC

Voltage, Volt

Current, Ampere (I)

Pbefore

Pafter

N (rpm)

Powerexp (x 100) Watt

Powertheory, Watt

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