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Cyborg

RANGOONWALA DENISH D 3 R D Year E C C


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How it was invented: The term was coined in 1960 when Manfred Clynes

and Nathan Kline used it in an article about the advantages of self-regulating human-machine systems in outer space which was printed before word war-2 In a typical example, a human fitted with a heart pacemaker or an insulin pump (if the person has diabetes) might be considered a Cyborg, since these mechanical parts enhance the body's "natural" mechanisms through synthetic feedback mechanisms.
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What is a cyborg?
Cyborg == 'cybernetic organism

Cybernetics studies organization, communication and control

in complex systems by focusing on circular (feedback) mechanisms More broadly, the full term "cybernetic organism" is used to describe larger networks of communication and control. For example, cities, networks of roads, networks of software, corporations, markets, governments, and the collection of these things together. A corporation can be considered as an artificial intelligence that makes use of replaceable human components to function. People at all ranks can be considered replaceable agents of their functionally intelligent government institutions, whether such a view is desirable or not.
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Cybernetic Science: Cybernetics is science that studies human and

machine systems including: Electronics & Wireless Communication Engineering, Biotechnology, Nanotechnology, Computer Science, Nuclear & Plasma Technology, Organic & Touch Screen Technology, Mechanical engineering and Psychology. After all programming is very use full to make new Cyborg as per our requirement. (e.g. If we have one Cyborg as cooker and we want to use it as security guard then simply change programmed.)
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What is the aim behind that?


Cybernetics aims to understand the similarities

and differences in internal workings of organic and machine processes (action - feedback - response) and, by formulating abstract concepts common to all systems, to understand their behavior. Computers are often imbued with human or biological qualities. (e.g. computers think, it have memory, etc)
We talk about humans being programmed to act

or behave in a certain way (programmed by our parents, culture, education etc)

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Cybernetic Equation: Human = Machine


(They are not equal but we assume as equal) Human Machine Living======================Non-living Organic=====================Inorganic Natural=====================Artificial Body=======================Machine Human=====================Non-human Food======================Power Supply
They are handle under our command or programmed because we are fitted Microcontroller & Microprocessor chips in its mind and this type of chip work as artificial brain of Cyborg.
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What do the theorists says?


According to Wiener we must consider the social

dimensions of cybernetic systems and make sure that these systems are designed with human use in mind and for the benefit of humans. Futurologist Alvin Toffler says that the line between human and computer at some point will become completely blurred. According to Donna cyborgs are totally depend our work in which application we are use it. They are increase capability of human being.
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Evaluation in Cyborgs Technology


Steve Mann is working in variable computing technology and He developed wear cam & wear comp technology.

Kevin Warwick (Professor of Cybernetics at the university of Reading, UK) has implanted computer chip into his arm allowing him to communicate with a computer.
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Male & Female intercourse is replace by Machine interference. It is not more difficult to make artificial intelligent human body part or pieces. Figuratively, we are "living through a movement from an organic, industrial society as an ...information system & communication technology".

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Advantage of Cyborg.
Cyborg technologies used to replace lost or impaired biological

functions
Pacemakers Artificial hips and other joints Prosthetic limbs

Cochlear implants
Artificial skin and other organs

As army to attack the enemy


For security purpose Pharmacological cyborgs - drugs used to optimise or enhance normal

biological functions or operation purpose


Our Cyborg technologies are giving us the capacity to intervene in our

own evolution both through technological augmentation and genetic engineering etc.......
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Disadvantage of Cyborg..
It is extremely veryharm full, if we miss use it. so ,

please dont miss use it ,if you have. But, still we are Engineers we can handle it. Movies Example:Terminator Series, Robocop, Replicants, Star Trek, Star wars, Cyclones etc.

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References
Gray, C. H. (2001) Cyborg Citizen: Politics in the

Posthuman Age, New York: Routledge. Tofts, D. et al (eds.) (2009) Prefiguring Cyberculture: an intellectual history, Sydney: Power Publications; Cambridge, Mass.: MIT. Murphie, A. and Potts, J. (2010) Culture and Technology, Basingstoke: Palgrave. For more detail:http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/CYBERN.html http://www.kevinwarwick.com http://www.stelarc.va.com.au
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Thank You
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