DRIVERS EDUCATION NOTES

Chapter 15.1 RURAL ROADWAYS Many different types Paved, wide narrow shoulders, gravel, different surfaces Dangers: Poor light, many trees/obstacles to block view SAFE SPEED Speed effects line of sight, stopping distance, vehicle control, amount of injury Slow speed = Safe TRAFFIC CONTROLS Signs, signals, lane markings Direct, regulate, inform, warn Provide adv. Info and warnings ROADSIDE HAZARDS Old roads = potholes = low ability to control Shoulders are narrow, uneven, deep ditches Trees, shrubs, snow piles lower line of sight Chapter 15.2 APPLYING IPDE AND ZONE CONTROL Rural speeds are higher than urban speed High speed = Low response time, longer to stop Excessive breaking and steering = Low control VISUAL SEARCH PATTERN More visual lead = More time to identify CURVES, HILLS, AND INTERSECTIONS Curves Rural has more curves Yellow warning sign Sharp arrow = Sharp curve Advisory speed signs: Suggested max speed for the conditions ahead Natural forces pushes you to outer area of curve WHEN APPROACHING A CURVE 1. See the curve in target area 1. Check rear 1. Check left-front for oncoming traffic 1. Check right-front if your LOS and POT are opened or closed 1. Lane position 1

1. If sharp, apply brakes lightly. Midpoint of curve = Turn wheel 1. Closer to the curve, look in the direction the road curves. See if POT is open. 1. Beyond midpoint of curve, accelerate gently 1. Identify and evaluate for new target area. Steer toward target area, and search for zone changes Hills Not normally marked, unless has steep slope. Restrict LOS because you cannot see what is on the other side Approach crest, slow down & lane position 1 Nighttime: Light on crest of hill = Approaching vehicle. Lane position 3. Intersections Rural intersections have side road intersecting a main road Side road usually has a stop sign Driveways should be treated like intersections. Signs of driveways: Loose gravel spilling onto the main road, reflectors marking a driveway, mailboxes FOLLOWING TRAFFIC Rural roads: Following distance = 3 or more seconds 3 seconds gives better view of traffic and conditions ahead Allows more open front zone, more time for IPDE and zone control Greater following distance when tailgated, steep downhill, motorcycle DRIVING ON MULTILANE ROADS May have intersections instead of exit entrance ramps 2-lane road crossing a four-lane road Others may involve two major multilane roads that cross Multilane Roadways with Center Lines Never cross a solid yellow line unless left turn or clear an obstacle blocking your lane Head-on crash is very high Divided Roadways Traffic moving in opposite directions separated someway Guardrail, fence, or median Median: Area of ground or concrete sperating traffic moving in opposite directions If large median crossover exists, move into it. If traffic from the right dictates you stop, stop in your own lane, just to the right of the center of the median crossover area. If need to turn left after stopping, youll be entering nearest lane, which is the fastest lane of traffic moving same direction

Look for large enough gap (6-8 seconds) Lane Selection Always stay in right-hand lane Left lane = Passing or preparing for turn Turning at Intersections Turn right = Right lane, Turn left = Left lane nearest to center line or median strip Preparing for turn: Check rearview mirror. Signal 5 seconds before turn Signaling allwas others behind you to adjust speed and position If turning left, wait with wheels straight so you will not be forced into oncoming traffic if hit If vehicle behind you is too fast, dont make your turn. Accelerate quickly and go straight ahead Entering a Multilane Road Turning right: Check traffic left, ahead, and right of your target area. Enter nearest right lane as you turn. If needed to change lanes, only do it after you complete your turn, clear the intersection, and attain the prevailing speed. Left turns require larger gaps. Check traffic left, right, and front. When safe, cross lanes on your side. Choose a time when no traffic is approaching in far left lane. Turn into nearest lane. Chapter 15.3 PASSING 3 stage process (Decision, preparation, execution) Two-lane road is harder than multilane road Passing should be done in left lane Deciding to pass Scan ahead to see if there are any turns Is it worthwhile? Is it legal? Is it safe Passing safely rests with driver who is passing Preparing to pass 1. Check roadway signs and markings. Is it legal? 1. Maintain following distance 3+ seconds. 1. 2 second following distance, lane position 2 1. Roadway conditions 1. Check rearview mirror 1. Left shoulder, blind spot. 1. Check for oncoming traffic, 30 seconds away. 10-15 seconds to complete your pass 1. Check ahead for driveways and side roads

Executing a pass 1. Change following distance to 2 seconds 1. Signal left, check blind spot 1. Change lanes and accelerate 10 mph faster than vehicle you are passing 1. If front zone clear, accelerate to proper speed 1. Maintain speed until you see one headlight of vehicle in rear mirror 1. Signal right. Do not slow down 1. Adjust speed and lane position NO-PASSING SITUATIONS Signs marked for no-passing zones Left side: Yellow pennant Right side: Rectangular white signs No passing on uphill roads 700 - 1000 feet of the top of a hill No passing at intersections 100 feet of an intersection. Slow down when approaching. Other no-passing situations 100 feet before railroad crossing Two-lane bridge or underpass; curves Vehicle ahead is traveling at/near speed limit Fog, rain, snow Multiple cars ahead Unable to complete pass before no-passing zone When stopping or turning soon BEING PASSED Check mirrors regularly to identify if vehicles are passing Lane position 3 Provides more room and passing driver better view Slow down to help driver Speeding up is illegal. Only speed up when driver decides not to pass. Chapter 15.4 SLOW-MOVING VEHICLES Slow-moving vehicle: Unable to travel at highway speed (tractors, large farm machinery) Contain orange triangle sign, so you are able to identify them quicker Keep 3-second following distance, or pass the vehicle. ANIMALS Easily frightened and dart into your path
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Wild animals (deer, elk, moose) biggest hazard for vehicle collisions Reduce speed Active in evening and night, difficult to see Stop in advance when in sight. Be patient Do not attempt to brake or swerve when seeing smaller animals MEETING ONCOMING TRAFFIC When identifying oncoming vehicle, check right-front zone for alternate path of travel and line-of-sight restrictions Adjust timing so oncoming vehicle approaches you when there are few hazards Adjust speed to deal with one hazard at a time Slow down, move to lane position 3 May cross your lane for blowout, hitting, swerving to avoid pothole, animals Meeting slow-moving vehicles Check the rear of the vehicle for a passing vehicle Move into lane position 3, or road shoulder. If no open zone, slow down to create space Meeting at night Keep windshield clean Headlights shining over crest of hill warn you of approaching vehicle Switch to low beams within 500 ft of approaching vehicle Do not look into high beams. Temporarily blinded. Glance to right of side road Often white line to help maintain position in lane Chapter 15.5 Mountains and deserts challenge patience, energy, ands kills. Make sure vehicle in working condition MOUNTAIN DRIVING More problems and special situations Gravity = fast downhill, slow uphill Switchbacks: Series of sharp turns. Bends sharply in opposite direction

Driving up a mountain Accelerate steadily Slope is steep, downshift to lower gear

Automatic vehicle will downshift by itself Very steep, extra power needed, manually shift to lower gear (low 1 or 2) When cannot see around a carve, slow speed, position 1, tap horn Oncoming vehicle could cross into your lane because built up too much downhill speed before curve Driving too fast is leading cause of collisions in mountains Large vehicles move even slower 4-second follow distance Pull-out areas: Additional right lane provided for slower-moving vehicles Faster-moving vehicles can safely pass and proceed Driving down a mountain Downshift before you start traveling Never coast, vehicle will speed up and lose control Adjust speed, use breaks Do not ride your breaks Overheat and fade If breaking often, shift to lower gear Transmission will help slow down and reduce need to break Runaway vehicle ramps: Provide a place for vehicles to safely get out of traffic and stop when their brakes arent effective Weather in the mountains Fog, snow, and ice make driving difficult Call highway department, state police hotline, or tune your radio to frequencies that update travelers on weather and road conditions Frequencies found on blue driver-service signs Winter, vehicle equipped with snow tires and/or tire chains. Effects of altitude on drivers High altitudes = shortness of breath, fast heartbeat, headache Low amount of oxygen at high altitudes = Low concentration, drowsiness Do not drive if you feel these effects or are tired Effects of altitude on vehicles Thin mountain air affects vehicles engine Climbing power reduced, acceleration turns sluggish, temperature of water in radiator increases (overheat) Turn off air conditioner Check gauges and warning lights Engine temperature comes on, pull over and stop to let engine cool. Turn on heater to remove built up heat Engine = hot Shut off engine = vapor lock. Engine will not start because fuel cannot be pumped in a gaseous state

Allow engine to cool, restart. DESERT DRIVING Hard on driver, car, and roadway Effects of heat on drivers Stress when driving long distances Sameness of scenery = false sense of security Sun reduces vision Wear sunglasses, plan frequent stops, change drivers, carry water Effects of heat on vehicles More frequent vehicle service Battery fluids (not self-contained) Radiator fluids checked at every fuel stop NEVER REMOVE RADIATOR CAP FROM HOT RADIATOR Steam/hot fluid will burn you Check fluid level in your radiator recovery tank Wait till engine cools Tire pressure increases as you drive Do not reduce tire pressure below lowest recommended pressure Low air pressure tire runs hotter = Tire failure The desert roadway Well-designed highway with gentle curves on flat terrain = high speed Speed limit of 75 or 80 Sandy roadside shoulders = Wheels sink quickly if not firm and compact Sandstorms and dust storms Visibility problem Slow immediately and find place to pull over Turn off headlights, turn on hazard flashers, wait in vehicle till storm passes If must drive, go slowly Use low beams to help see and be seen Oil, oil filter, air filter changed Dirt in fuel injection system and engine oil causes excessive engine wear and damage

Flash floods Sudden, unexpected rush of water from heavy rain Dangerous in desert, ground washes away easily and no soil to absorb runoff

Seek higher ground and wait for water to recede Stay away from creeks and natural drainage areas

VOCABULARY
Chapter 15 1. A(n) runaway vehicle ramp is a place on a mountain road for vehicles to safely get out

of traffic when their brakes are not effective. 2. The warning signs posted on a curve with suggested speeds for ideal conditions are called advisory speed signs. 3. Pull-out areas are usually additional lanes on a mountain road for slower-moving vehicles 4. The strip of ground separating traffic moving in opposite directions on a roadway is called a(n) median. 5. A vehicle unable to travel at highway speeds is referred to as a(n) slow-moving vehicle. 6. A(n) switchback is a location in the mountains where the road bends sharply in the opposite direction

CHECKING CONCEPTS
Chapter 15 LESSON 1 7. How does the construction of rural roads differ from that of city streets? In rural roads, there are more wide-open spaces and less traffic compared to the city streets. 8. What are some typical rural driving hazards? Lack of lighting make it hard to see at night, many trees or plants restrict the drivers line of sight, and false shadows can appear. LESSON 2 9. What are two critical driving actions a driver needs to take before entering a curve? Check your rear, left-front, and right front zone. Also, reduce your speed. 10. How should IPDE and Zone Control driving techniques be applied in rural situations? Control your speed. Its best to use a slower pace so you have more time to solve problems. LESSON 3 11. What are the three stages of passing? Decision, preparation, and execution stage. 12. What are some of the critical steps in each stage of passing? Check if its safe to pass., make sure to signal your decision, and pay attention to whats going around you. There shouldnt be any oncoming traffic heading towards you as you want to pass another car.

LESSON 4 13. How do large, slow-moving vehicles create some challenging driving situations? When youre traveling in a higher speed, youll close in on the slow-moving vehicle quicker. There is a higher chance of a collision if you dont spot the vehicle soon enough. 14.If you are approaching a narrow bridge and there is an oncoming vehicle, what actions should you take to allow the hazards to separate? Slow down and let the approaching vehicle clear the hazard first. LESSON 5 15. What are some challenges of mountain driving? Because of uneven ground, your speed will increase while going downhill, making it harder to control your vehicle. While going uphill, your vehicle will become slower and require more energy. Also, there are switchbacks (series of sharp turns). Curves block your line of sight and are hard to control drive through. 16. How is driving in the desert different from driving in other environments? In deserts, the temperature is a lot higher. The heat contributes to many factors such as reducing your attention span and causing vehicle damages.

PREPARING FOR THE TEST

Chapter 15 1. Posted speed limit signs indicates C. Maximum speeds under ideal conditions 2. Which of the following provides information and warnings about a driving situation ahead? D. Traffic controls 3. When you see this sign, you should A. Stop at the sign and look right, left, and right again before proceeding across the tracks. 4. When passing a vehicle on a two-lane highway, it is safe to pull back into your lane when C. You can see the front-left headlight of the vehicle you are passing in your rearview mirror 5. When you see the sign above, it means D. If you turn right at the intersection ahead you will soon come to a railroad crossing. 6.Solid yellow lines a roadway indicate B. Conditions are favorable for passing

7. After driving through a desert and encountering a lot of blowing dust and sand, you should D. Change your vehicles oil, oil filter, and air filter.

DRIVERS EDUCATION NOTES

Chapter 16.1 Safer than city streets and rural roads Traffic moves fast Manage visibility, time, and space

THREE CLASSIFICATIONS OF HIGHWAY SYSTEMS Interstate Highway System, U.S Highway System, State Highway System. Some states have county highways, same as state highways. Freeways and expressways, different design. Interstate Highway System Most controlled-access Controlled access: Vehicles can enter and leave only at designated interchanges Interchanges: Places where drivers can cross over/under traffic and enter/leave the freeway Interstate highway sign = Red, white, and blue shield Freeways = multi-lane divided highways for high speeds At least two travel lanes going in opposite direction Grade elevation: Bridge and tunnels are used to direct traffic over or under other travel lanes No traffic lights and stop signs Larger volume of traffic, reduces potential for high-speed rear-end crashes free in freeway = traffic flows freely without traffic lights Other controlled-access highways with similar characteristics as freeways Turnpikes, parkways, super-highways, expressways Expressways Difference with expressway and freeway: May have non-controlled access than fully-controlled access Non-controlled access: Could have traffic lights, intersections, and driveways where traffic is able to enter or leave the expressway Entering/exiting at slower speeds than traffic flow = dangerous Look at target area and predict there could be traffic light or vehicle entering side road Adjust speed and control traffic to rear If distracted, you could end up in rear-ending accidents

Turnpikes and parkways Turnpike used to designate a toll road Highways classified as turnpikes no longer charge tolls Absorbed into interstate highway system Parkways = earliest controlled-access highway Commercial traffic and billboards are prohibited on parkways Stop sign at end of entrance ramp

No acceleration lane Driver may accelerate from a full stop directly into a travel lane Traffic lights to accommodate crossing traffic Scenic highways in United States are parkways U.S highways First highway network that connected states Non-controlled access, allows drivers to enter and leave highway from any point Intersections with traffic control to separate crossing traffic Traveling slow and dangerous than controlled-access freeway Sate highways Network of highways existing within boundaries of a state Narrow two-lane roadways in rural areas Expressways or controlled-access freeway FREEWAY INTERCHANGES Cloverleaf, diamond, trumpet, all-directional interchanges. Based on their shapes Cloverleaf Series of entrance and exit ramps Resembles outline of four-leaf clover Enables drivers to proceed in either direction on either highway Diamond Used when a road that crosses a busy highway has little traffic Trumpet Used when one highway forms a T-intersection with a freeway All-directional Used in complicated intersections with high-volume traffic Traffic channeled in many different directions Chapter 16.2 Short trip: Name, route, number for both entrance and exits you will use Long trip: Stops for food, fuel, and rest

CONTROLLED-ACCESS ENTRANCES Make sure you are using correct entrance ramp Red and white signs posted saying Wrong way or Do not enter Three parts to controlled-access entrance Entrance ramp: Provides access to the highway and opportunity to search for a merge area Drive slowly to evaluate zone conditions and to select a gap without

causing drivers behind you to break Choose between which vehicles to merge through Accelerate when merge area is next to you Acceleration lane: Area to speed up to match the speed of traffic flow Merging area: Space in travel lane that is parallel to acceleration lane, where you join the traffic flow ENTRANCE PROBLEMS Highest risk for crashes Short entrance ramps, short acceleration lanes, high dividing walls = danger Entrance ramp If you enter the wrong entrance ramp, continue onto the highway Drive to next exit NEVER BACK UP Other vehicles on entrance ramp = adjust speed to 3 second space Immediately look for gap or hole in traffic Closed front zone, reduce speed to give vehicle in front more time to enter Check rear zone and do not slow down or stop suddenly More space = better acceleration No acceleration lane, find hole in traffic Hole in traffic: Empty space between traffic clusters Ramp meter: Set of traffic signals (red and green) Controls traffic flow Acceleration lane Rush hour, number of vehicles alter speed and space needed to enter Short acceleration lanes = slow down Forced to reduce speed or stop while on acceleration lane = dangerous Try not to stop Flash brake lights to warn drivers behind you Reduce speed gradually so youll be able to accelerate when you get a gap If no more room, wait for large and safe gap Accelerate quickly, lane 3 NEVER STOP IN TRAVEL LANE OF THE HIGHWAY
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Merging problems Closed front zone may cause you to reduce your speed and select new gap Accelerate to reach traffic speed Check rear zone, lane position, following distance Left-entrance ramp

Checking fast-moving traffic over your right shoulder = More difficult than checking your left Use right-outside mirror before making blind-spot check Signal early as you look for gap STEPS FOR ENTERING Make sure entrance is the one you want No red and white signs saying wrong way do not enter Look for ramp meter, be prepared to stop if its red One on entrance ramp: 1. Check front and rear zones. Do not accelerate until on acceleration lane and selected a gap or hole 1. When vehicle is at 45-degree angle to the highway, signal, look through mirror and blind spot. While looking in left-outside mirror, move head about 8 inches forward and slightly away from mirror to get better view of traffic 1. Once in acceleration lane, decide between which vehicles to enter. Increase speed. 1. Merging area, adjust speed to match traffic flow 1. Once in highway, cancel signal and adjust to speed of traffic 1. 3 or more following distance Chapter 16.3 APPLYING THE IPDE PROCESS AND ZONE CONTROL Easier to perform on highway More time to search farther ahead Fewer variations of highway designs to change intended path of travel Tired drivers, stalled vehicles, construction workers, and aggressive drivers = Hazard Identify Interstate highways give drivers long sight distance Higher speed and multiple lanes require you to get visual info farther ahead Identify closed front zones early Take best lane position and proper following distance Predict Highways = Predictable traffic flow Search for slower traffic or drivers changing lanes Watch out for entrances Construction areas = Traffic move slowly or stop Decide Fast speed = quicker decisions Last-second decisions or driving adjustments = dangerous, closed zones Interchanges = Potential-collision area Various speeds of drivers entering and exiting

Execute Signal early for everything 3 or more seconds following distance Use lane positions that give most amount of separation space Provides escape path Minimize road spray splashed on windshield, wet road. Decrease wind buffet by passing trucks LANE CHOICE Safe to drive on right, pass on left Reserve center and left lanes for passing drivers and fast traffic When traffic Is heavy in right lane (entrance ramps during rush hour), use left lane Large trucks and towing trailers are restricted from using left lane Avoid driving between two large vehicles Decision of lane choice = Info from signs, signals, roadway markings Safe = Know your destination, read signs/roadway markings, think ahead to target Scan overhead signs quickly Yellow sign = exit lane. All traffic in lane must exit. Reversible lanes Reversible lane: Traffic lanes where traffic can travel in either direction depending on certain conditions Used during commuter hours, traffic in and out city is heavy Traffic authorities use this mostly Deadly, head-on crashes can be avoided by Use retractable cones, vertical yellow markers, movable physical concrete creates barrier when certain lanes are closed Overhead signal lights Green arrow = lane is open Yellow X = lane will be closing, prepare to move into other lane Red X = Lane is closed High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lane: Lanes for buses and vehicles with 2+ people High-Occupancy Toll (HOT) lane: One man driver pay fee in order to drive in HOV

Speed limits Maximum speed the driver travels under ideal weather and traffic conditions Minimum lowest legal speed you can drive ideal conditions Causes rear-end collisions Use far right lane if wanting to go under minimum speed limit With no posted speed limit, follow last sign seen

Common speed: Speed used by most drivers, blend with traffic Sometimes above maximum speed limit Drivers who exceed common speeds weave in and out of traffic to pass Blind spots Both left-rear and right-rear zones Avoid driving in anyones blind spots, especially truck drivers Tailgating Vehicle follows too closely Encourage tailgaters to pass by reducing your speed gradually Do not reduce your speed if heavy traffic prevents tailgaters from passing Change lanes when safe CHANGING LANES Avoid changing lanes too often, leads to collision Complicated when three+ lanes of traffic are moving in same direction Conflicts: Two drivers head for same space at same time If approaching left entrance, check right-rear zone to see if you have an open zone to move into Illegal and hazardous to use shoulder or median as driving lane Prevents emergency vehicles from having open path of travel PASSING AND BEING PASSED Easy to pass than two-lane highway because traffic is going in same direction Head-on collisions are not a threat Highway speeds + high volume of traffic = More concentration Passing on left is best; Passing on right dangerous because driver might not see When being passed, be aware of the position of the vehicle that is passing you Move to larger distance position Never increase speed while being passed; Reduce speed
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Chapter 16.4 Plan for exit early, search target area, move into lane designated by sign Deceleration lane: Added lane where its safe to slow down Exit ramp: Ramp leading off the highway Posted ramp speed limit = Recommended speed for negotiating the exit; low

speed leads to sharp curve APPLYING THE IPDE PROCESS AT EXITS 1. Identify green guide signs that show the distance to your exit 1. Identify potential weave pattern before you reach your exit 1. Identify closed and open zones 1. Predict actions of other drivers who might be using same exit 1. Decide on best speed and lane position before getting in deceleration lane 1. Execute your maneuver smoothly and blend with slow traffic If ramp is backed-up, check rear zone, flash your brake, reduce speed Check rear zone to make sure traffic is slowing If traffic isnt slowing, pass the exit area smoothly Rather than joining the overflow, go past the exit and drive to next exit Exiting traffic should merge BEHIND entering traffic STEPS FOR EXITING Identify exit one half mile before the ext Predict stop at end of exit ramp, likely to have traffic control device Expect two-way traffic, pedestrians, intersections, and slow speed 1. Check front and rear zones for traffic 1. Signal, move into lane position 3 for right-side exits. Change only one lane at a time. Do not slow down until in deceleration lane. 1. Move into deceleration lane 1. Turn off signal, tap brake lights to warn drivers behind that you are slowing. Slow gradually and keep 3 or more seconds of space ahead. Check own speed, adjust to posted speed limit 1. Check speed frequently and line-of-sight and path-of-travel restrictions affecting path Entering deceleration lane Judge length of lane, identify exit-ramp speed, check speed, check rear traffic

Chapter 16.5 SAFE DRIVING Drivers Highway hypnosis: Inattentive drowsy state Drivers who fail to recognize own fatigue and ignore it are high-risk

When you are drowsy, stop at next exit and take a brief nap, stretch, exercise Do not drive if you feel that youre too tired Velocitation: Thinking youre driving slower than you actually are Causes you to drive faster Hazardous when approaching curve of exit ramp Disabled vehicles Check rear zone, signal, move as fat as possible away from traffic, turn on hazard flashers If vehicle is not far off the road, get everyone out and stand to rear side of vehicle, far away from traffic as possible NEVER STAND IN HIGHWAY TO DIRECT TRAFFIC Raise hood and tie white cloth to antenna or door handle If in a disabled vehicle, lock all doors, keep safety belt on, place head on head restraint Never get into a strangers vehicle Route markers Odd number: Spur that leads to city Even number: Beltway around the city ROADWAYS Watch for orange construction signs, be prepared to slow down Blinking lights = Speed limit Belts and spurs Beltway: Loop around the city Spur: Branch going into a city TOLL PLAZA Pay a fee to use the highway While stopping, continue monitoring rearview mirror until there are at least 2 or 3 vehicles stopped at your rear If vehicle approaching fast, tap brake lights repeatedly Electronic tolls make highway driving more convenient because drivers dont have to stop to deposit coins

VOCABULARY
Chapter 16 1. The space between traffic clusters is called a(n) hole in traffic. 2. A(n) reversible lane is often used during commuter traffic to make more efficient use of traffic lanes.

3. Some entrance ramps have a(n) ramp meter to control traffic entering the highway. 4. Most U.S. highways have controlled access, which allow drivers to enter or leave the highway from any point. 5. Interchanges are places where drivers can cross over or under traffic as well as enter or leave the freeway. 6. Some highways have high-occupancy toll (HOT) lanes, which allow drivers to pay a fee in order to drive in an HOV lane with only one person in the vehicle.

CHECKING CONCEPTS
Chapter 16 LESSON 1 7. What problems should you be prepared for when entering a parkway? You should be prepared for stop signs, traffic lights, and fast moving cars. You should be watching the rear of your car for any approaching vehicles that could hit your from behind. Also, there is no acceleration lane. You should be careful while entering into the parkway, and make sure there arent any oncoming cars. LESSON 2 8. How should you manage speed to best be able to find a gap to merge into? You should match the speed of those in the highway. If youre too slow, you might not make it in time, forcing you to choose a different hole. If youre too fast, you could hit the car in front of you. LESSON 3 9.Why is it generally safer to travel in the right lane of a freeway? If youre on the right lane, other cars will either be behind you or to the left of you. In a car, you as a driver is positioned on the left. Since cars are coming from the left of you, itll be easier to spot them. Its easier to see cars from the left of you rather than the right. The right of you is one of your blind spots. 10.How do you know whether you can travel in a reversible lane? Some highways use overhead signal lights. If your highway has this, a green arrow would mean that the lane is open. If your highway doesnt use this, there should be retractable cones, vertical yellow markers, or movable physical concrete to create a barrier. This means you cannot drive through, and the lane is closed. LESSON 4 11. Why is it a good practice to tap your brake lights when exiting a highway? If you tap your break lights, then it catches a drivers attention easier. It alerts them that you are reducing speed, and that youre about to take the exit. This should tell them to be careful about your actions.

LESSON 5 12. What actions should you take as soon as you detect a mechanical problem with your vehicle while in the center lane of the freeway? You should check your rear zones, signal, then move as far as possible away from traffic. You should then turn on your hazard flashes. When it is safe to do so, raise the hood and tie a white cloth to the antenna or door handle.

EXAMPLES OF WEAVE LANES & INTERCHANGES IN OAHU

Weave lane

Interchanges Diamond: Waipio interchange Trumpet: Makakilo interchange All-directional: Halawa interchange