AuLomaLlc Loll Lax pro[ecL ls deslgned uslng aLmel 89c31 mlcroconLroller descreaLe componanLs

PearL of Lhe pro[ecL ls an lr LransmlLLer and recelver modules Lhese sLrong powerfull modules LransmlLs
38khz sLrong lr beam has a range of more Lhan 13 feeLs are sufflclenLly enough for our pro[ecL l have
deslgned Lhls pro[ecL as a slmple emplemenLaLlon of Lhe Loll collecLlon process auLomaLlcally ln a model
form

1hls should noL be consldered as a real Loll collecLlon sysLem whlch requlre much more conslderaLlons
LesLs and huge amounL of money before Lhey are acLually puL lnLo use
Powever Lhls pro[ecL glves enough guldellnes for Lhe acLual dvelopmenL of Lhe Loll collecLlon sysLem lor
Lhe sake of slmpllclLy we have Lo make coln box exacLly same as used ln pco coln box machlne flxed on
rallway sLaLlon or else whare We have Lo make Lwo coln slze holes one for one rupee and oLher for flve
rupee coln ?ou have Lo flxup coln sensors on Lhese holes one sensor should be flxed for flve rupee coln
and one sensor for one rupee coln
Operation oI the coin sensor is as Iollows
1) When no coin is incerted light emitting diodes throws light on ldr and its resistance remains
low
2) When coin is inserted,the resistance oI the ldr becomes high and transister(q1 or q2) get
enough biasing voltage and becomes ON ,there output at collector becomes low. As the coin is
dropped in,,the out put oI the collector again goes high,
3) Output oI these transisters are connected to p2.5 and p2.7 pin oI the microcontroller and low
pulse is detected by the microcontroller whenever the coin is dropperd
This low pulse detection is considered as coin has been dropped.
In real emplementation, this type oI sensors cannot be used ,more sensitive equipments such as
coin changers,or currency emaging machines shuld be employed . Some oI them you will Iind on
railway stations or out side temples.
Port 1 is connected with the 2 line 16 character lcd. lcd is used in nibble mode
Port 0 is used as output port used Ior gate motor and indication leds
Ic 3 api 89021 is one time programmable (otp) speech ic where our message is stored. It is
addressable ic so required message can be played.
Ic4 Lm 386 is used as audio ampliIire ic to drive the speaker
Ic1 7805 is regulator ic gives 5v regulated power supply to the entire circuit.
Ir transmittrs are mounted on a pole at diIIerent heights matching to the heights oI small and
heavy vehicles. Similarly receivers are mounted on the other side oI the road at the
corresponding heights oI transmitters.One pair oI transmitter and receivers are to be mounted
across the road aIrer 15/20 Ieet oI the toll station. Please see the video Ior
Arrangements oI transmitter and receiver arrangements.
Operation: when heavy veichel passes the output oI hvrx receiver becomes low and makes the
p2.1 pin low microcontroller understand that heavy veichel is passed, p3.7 will go high which
will trigger the pin no 10 oI ic api 89021 and sound pl enter 5 rs coin` will come out through pin
no 7 oI the ic and is connected to c10 vr2 volume control and to
the pin no 3 oI ic lm386. Audio can be heard through speaker. At the same time p0.2 will also go
high and led ld3 rs 5 indication will come on
when the user inserts rs 5 coin, p2.7 pin will get low going pulse and rs 5 indication led will go
oII, also the sound will stop and gate motor will operate in the open direction.by p0.0.
When the veichele passes through outer sensor area out put oI outrx will give low pulse at p2.3
and gate will close by p0.1 The circuit is ready Ior the next operation. Similarly when small
veichele croses, lvrs will get activated and p2.2 will get low going pulse and p3.6 will become
high and make pin no 11 oI api89021 will go high ind sound will come` pl enter one rs coin` also
ld2 ,one rupee coin will become on by p0.3 .other operation are similar .
Lcd keeps the counter oI heavy and small veichles Circuit operates on 12v ac supply given at ac
input point pcon 1. 9 v one amp. TransIormer is connected to pcon1 bridge rectiIire circuit d1-d4
,c1 ic 7805 gives the regulated power supply. Ic5 connected on port 0. 74LS 245 is used as
buIIer ic to make the output current strong q3,q4,q5 and q2 transister operates the relay circuit to
drives the motor .Motor runs in one direction Ior opening the gate and in opposite direction Ior
closing the gate.