ABSTRACT

River bank erosion is a very common natural calamity which, appear almost all river banks in Bangladesh. The large seasonal variation in river flow effects in a instable sediment transport capacity; causes river-bank erosion, migration of river-banks and development of meandering and braided river channels. The active floodplain of the three major rivers, Padma, Jamuna and Meghna accommodate almost 4.5 million people. Every year almost 8700 ha of land lost due to bank line erosion of the major rivers. The effects of bankline erosion and widening of the river channel have been great. Analysis reveals that during the period 1981-92/93 almost 64,000 people were displaced by bank erosion every year on average, or 768,000 people over the whole period. Till now a lot of investment has been done to construct both direct and indirect bank protection structures, generally creating hard points for preservation of townships and important infrastructures. Contingent on morphology and bed topography of the rivers, the location to be protected, the space available for various types of direct bank protection measures e.g. revetments, training walls, porcupines or indirect measures, i.e. groynes, cut-offs etc. were executed in the past with more less success. To protect agricultural lands flood embankments have been built, located at some distance away from the rive banks assuming that the river may erode and silt up within the embankment alignments. Padma river is one of the major river that carries the combined flow of the Ganges and the Jamuna from Aricha to the confluence with the Upper Meghna River. The river is about 120km long (from Ganges-Jamuna confluence to Chandpur) with a highly variable width ranging from 5km to 20km. Many important infrastructures were being built along the bank of Padma river. Hence The study has been done for an area located on the left bank of Padma River at Sreenagar and Dohar Upazilas. Presently, many private and public establishments including bazars, households, schools, madrasas, etc. at these two Upazillas are under threat of erosion. Over the last 10 to 12 years the river has shifted by about 200 meter eroding some important habitats. The study assessed and proposed a design for ban protective works along the left bank as per BWDB guide line for bank protective works. Study also proposed some maintenance and monitoring recommendation for the sustainability of the proposed design.

References
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10. Add the IWM report!!!!!