Professional Documents
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Kristin Gerdes Office of Program Planning & Analysis Strategic Center for Coal
Disclaimer
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Presentation Overview
Why low rank coal? State-of-the-Art IGCC for low rank coal, cost and performance 2nd Gen IGCC for low rank coal, cost and performance Next steps for low rank coal IGCC pathway
#
Cost and Performance Baseline for Fossil Energy Plants Volume 3: Low Rank Coal and Natural Gas to Electricity May 2011
Project Objectives Complete cost and performance estimates for fossil-based electric generating technologies with and without CCS
Oxygen-blown IGCC, PC and CFBC and NGCC
Create baseline for state-of-the-art such that benefits of advanced technologies can be quantified Approach Detailed Aspen models, consistent modeling and costing approach Gasification vendor review for performance and cost results
Fuel Gas
O2
HP Steam
Dry Coal
Slag
ConocoPhillips E-Gas
Slurry; entrained PRB
Shell SCGP
Siemens (GSP/Noell)
Location/Elevation
Coal Drying Oxidant AGR for CO2 capture plants Gas Turbine Steam Cycle (psig/F/F) Carbon Capture Availability
#
Montana/3400 ft
Indirectly heated fluidized bed NA Oxygen 2-Stage Selexol
WTA process
Advanced F-class (Nitrogen dilution and air integration maximized) 1800/1050/1050 (non-CO2 capture cases) 83% 80% 1800/1000/1000 (CO2 capture cases) 90%
PRB = $0.89/MMBtu; ND Lignite = $0.83/MMBtu WorleyParsons and other vendor estimates; Next-of-a-kind application, contingencies assigned as appropriate; EPCM contracting strategy; owners costs included; +30/-15% accuracy Equal to availability at 80% 5 years 30 years Required sales price to meet 12% ROE; Reported in June 2007 dollars; Assumes a 3% escalation per year consistent with the assumed inflation rate 12.4% Costs added to COE; based on 50-mile pipeline transport to favorable saline aquifer formation
40% 40%
Efficiency % (HHV)
37% 30%
38% 32%
30%
31%
30%
20%
10%
Siemens
Siemens
No Carbon Capture
No Carbon Capture
Siemens
Siemens
0%
Shell
Shell
TRIG
TRIG
Shell
Shell
CoP
CoP
40%
Efficiency % (HHV)
30%
30%
31%
30%
20%
10%
Siemens
Siemens
No Carbon Capture
No Carbon Capture
Siemens
Siemens
0%
Shell
Shell
TRIG
TRIG
Shell
Shell
CoP
CoP
5,000
4,000
4,318
4,378
4,430
3,000
3,185
3,094
3,239
2,000
1,000
No Carbon Capture
No Carbon Capture
Siemens
Siemens
Siemens
Siemens
Shell
Shell
Shell
TRIG
TRIG
Shell
CoP
CoP
5000
4,253
4,318
4,378
4,430
3,056 2,771
3,185
3,094
3,239
2000
1000
Siemens
Siemens
Siemens
No Carbon Capture
No Carbon Capture
Siemens
Shell
Shell
Shell
TRIG
TRIG
Shell
CoP
CoP
125 112
124
105 100 79 83 87 83
87
75
75
50
CO2 TS&M Fuel Variable O&M Fixed O&M Capital
25
No Carbon Capture
#
No Carbon Capture
Siemens
Siemens
Siemens
Siemens
0
Shell
Shell
TRIG
TRIG
Shell
Shell
CoP
CoP
125
75
75 50
79
83
83
25
0
Siemens Siemens Siemens Siemens Shell Shell Shell TRIG TRIG Shell CoP CoP
No Carbon Capture
No Carbon Capture
125
112 100 87
105
75 75 50
79
83
83
87
0
Siemens Siemens Siemens Siemens Shell Shell Shell TRIG TRIG Shell CoP CoP
No Carbon Capture
No Carbon Capture
80
85
73 60 48
50
60
59
60
58
40
20
Siemens
Siemens
Siemens
CO2 Emissions CO2 Sales Price Value to to Incentivize Incentivize CCS CCUS
Siemens
0
Shell
Shell
Shell
TRIG
TRIG
Shell
CoP
CoP
Assumes capacity factor = availability (i.e. all plants including NGCC are base load).
Current and Future Technologies for IGCC Volume 3: An R&D Pathway Study for IGCC with Carbon Capture Using Low Rank Coal Anticipated January 2012
Approach:
Begin with established cost and performance of conventional IGCC
CoP E-Gas selected as reference plant
Substitute conventional technologies with advanced technologies in a cumulative fashion assuming successful R&D Evaluate cost and performance in a manner consistent with baseline studies
# 20
Technology Progression Gas Cleanup CO2 Separation Gas Turbine Oxygen Production Availability Physical Solvent Physical Solvent Advanced F-Class Cryogenic Air Separation 80% 85% Warm Gas Cleanup (WGCU) H2 Membrane Advanced Hydrogen Turbine Ion Transport Membrane (ITM) 90%
Availability improvements Advanced materials, instrumentation and controls Demonstration and operating experience Need for high availability of 2nd Gen technologies
Ion Transport Membrane Targets nominally 1/3 lower cost than cryogenic ASU Availability Steps in pathway not tied to specific R&D Increase assumed to occur without significant change in total plant cost or efficiency Capacity factor is assumed to equal availability
40
35
30
2600
IGCC with Carbon Capture
2400 2200
Supercritical PC without capture
25
Ion Transport Membrane Current State-of-the-Art WGCU/H2 Membrane Adv. H2 Turbine
2000
Current State-of-the-Art
WGCU/H2 Membrane
70 60 50 40
30
20
Supercritical PC without capture
50 40
Current State-of-the-Art
10 0
WGCU/H2 Membrane
85% Availability
WGCU/H2 Membrane
Adv. H2 Turbine
Adv. H2 Turbine
90% Availability
Assumes capacity factor = availability (i.e. all plants including NGCC are base load).
10 8 6 4 2 0 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
Assumes capacity factor = availability (i.e. all plants including NGCC are base load).
Addressing high inherent moisture, high alkali metals, & high oxygen content for low rank coals Alternate pathways for integration with advanced precombustion capture Capitalization on high reactivity and low sulfur for low rank coals Step changes required to meet availability targets while minimizing costs (for both bituminous and low rank coal IGCC)
Topic Areas
1. Novel Gasification Technology Exploiting the Availability of (Pressurized) CO2 Within the Gasification Plant 2. Scoping Studies for Novel Low Rank Coal IGCC Technologies 3. Gasification Plant Availability and Cost Improvements
Topic Area
1. CO2 Reuse in IGCC 2. Low Rank Coal IGCC 3. Gasification Availability
#
Proposals Accepted
(announced 9/9/11)
1 3 2
Quantify and qualify drivers for availability Conventional IGCC 2nd Gen IGCC systems Gap analysis
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Key Take-Aways
State-of-the-Art low rank coal IGCC On par with bituminous coal IGCC Competitive with PC for carbon capture Faces challenges in U.S. market 2nd Gen low rank coal IGCC 6 percentage point efficiency, 30% COE improvement Significantly improves competitiveness of IGCC CCUS Low rank coal IGCC pathway next steps New DOE projects New analyses of state-of-the-art IGCC systems Evaluate the availability gap
#
Contributors
NETL Jenny Tennant, Gasification Technology Manager Richard Dennis, Turbines Technology Manager James Black, lead for Baseline Studies
Noblis, Inc. Advanced IGCC modeling & analysis John Plunkett, David Gray, Charles White, Sal Salerno Booz Allen Hamilton Conventional IGCC modeling & analysis Vincent Chou, Mark Woods
Additional information available at: http://www.netl.doe.gov/energy-analyses http://www.netl.doe.gov/technologies/coalpower/gasification