A mini project on: Automatic Room Light Controller with Visitor Counter(AT89S52)

Project Guide: Lect.NITHYA.S Submitted By: YESHWANTH KEERTHI.T Reg no: 1jb09ec421 5 sem ECE, SJB Institute of Technolgy.

INTRODUCTION:
This Project Automatic Room Light Controller with Visitor Counter using Microcontroller is a reliable circuit that takes over the task of controlling the room lights as well us counting number of persons/ visitors in the room very accurately. When somebody enters into the room then the counter is incremented by one and the light in the room will be switched ON and when any one leaves the room then the counter is decremented by one. The light will be only

switched OFF until all the persons in the room go out. The total number of persons inside the room is also displayed on the seven segment displays. The microcontroller does the above job. It receives the signals from the sensors, and this signal is operated under the control of software which is stored in ROM. Microcontroller AT89S52 continuously monitor the Infrared Receivers, When any object pass through the IR Receiver's then the IR Rays falling on the receivers are obstructed this obstruction is sensed by the Microcontroller.

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROJECT:

Rx2 Tx2 RELAY Tx1 P2.1 P2.0 PORT1 Rx1

IR Rx Tx

89S52

COMPONENTS REQUIRED:
1. Voltage Regulator 7805 2. Diode IN 4007 3. Relay 4. IR Tx/Rx Pair 5. 7 seg Display 6. optical fiber cable

Description of Microcontroller:
89s52: The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 8K bytes of in-system programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured using Atmels high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry-standard 80C51 instruction set and pinout. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with in-system programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel's AT89S52 is a powerful microcontroller which provides a highly-flexible and costeffective solution to many embedded control applications. The AT89S52 provides the following standard features: 8K bytes of Flash, 256 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, Watchdog timer, two data pointers, three 16-bit timer/counters, a six-vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator, and clock circuitry. In addition, the AT89S52 is designed with static logic for operation down to zero frequency and supports two software selectable power saving modes. The Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters, serial port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Powerdown mode saves the RAM con-tents but freezes the oscillator, disabling all other chip functions until the next interrupt

The hardware is driven by a set of program instructions, or software. Once familiar with hardware and software, the user can then apply the microcontroller to the problems easily.

The pin diagram of the 89S52 shows all of the input/output pins unique to microcontrollers:

The following are some of the capabilities of 89S52 microcontroller. Internal ROM and RAM I/O ports with programmable pins Timers and counters Serial data communication The 89S52 architecture consists of these specific features: 16 bit PC &data pointer (DPTR)

 8 bit program status word (PSW) 8 bit stack pointer (SP)

Internal ROM 4k Internal RAM of 128 bytes. 4 register banks, each containing 8 registers 80 bits of general purpose data memory 32 input/output pins arranged as four 8 bit ports:P0-P3 Two 16 bit timer/counters: T0-T1 Two external and three internal interrupt sources Oscillator and clock circuits

Circuit Diagram:

Applications:
1. Can be used in various rooms like seminar hall, where the capacity of room is limited and should not be exceeded. Project will display the actual number of persons inside the room. 2. Can be used in conference room, study rooms in colleges.

Advantages:
1.low cost 2.easy to use 3.implement in single door

Future Development:
1. We can send this data to a remote location using mobile or internet 2. Voice alarm system can be added to indicate that room is full & persons cant enter inside. 3. This helps in energy conservation

Bibilography Website
.www.8051projects.info

.www.datasheets4u.com .www.8051.com