OWJ200101 WCDMA UTRAN Optimization Flow With Comment ISSUE1 0

WCDMA UTRAN
Optimization
Flow
www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Foreword
 WCDMA optimization is a very important part in the
life of the network.
 Mainly, the optimization contents the preparation,
single site verification, RF optimization, parameters
optimization.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page2
Contents
1. Introduction of Optimization Flow
2. The preparation for the Optimization Project
3. Single Site Verification
4. RF Optimization
5. Parameters Optimization
6. Optimization Report
WCDMA Optimization Flow
Introduction of Optimization
Flow
Output document:
 Customized Document:
 Acceptance Report
 Optimization Report
 Site Configuration Parameter Table
 Radio Part Parameter configuration Table
 Process Document and Data:
 Site configuration Parameter Table
 Radio part Parameter configuration Table
Contents
4. RF Optimization
WCDMA Optimization Flow -
Preparation
The Preparation for Projection
 The following work is required:

Understanding of the Existing Network

Cluster Division and Optimization Team Establishment
 Optimization Tools and Software
 Understanding of the Existing Network :

Radio Network Planning report

Latest site configuration parameter table and radio
part parameter configuration table
 OMC statistic data and subscriber complaints of the
existing network
The Preparation for the Optimization
Projection
 Cluster Division and Optimization Team
Establishment RNO manager
RNO leader-1 .................. RNO leader-n
Data Analyzer Data Analyzer
Drive Test Operator Drive Test Operator
Driver Driver
 Optimization Tool:  Optimization

 UMTS Scanner Software:
 UMTS Test UE
 Post processing
tool
 GPS and data
line
 MapInfo
 Digital camera
Contents
4. RF Optimization
WCDMA Optimization Flow – Single Site
Verification
Single Site Verification
 Purpose:
 The single site verification test is a part of the WCDMA network
optimization to ensure that the basic functions of the cell are
normal, such as call access, call quality, handover and so on.
 Single site verification involves the following aspects:
 Parameter setting check in idle mode
 Services call (AMR/VP/PS) function check in connected mode
 HSDPA function check
 CPICH RSCP & Ec/Io
 Installation problems check
 Single site verification includes :
 preparations before test
 single site test
 solving problems
 The single site verification is completed by:

 On-site engineers
 RNO engineers
Single Site Verification - Task
of the on-site engineers
 Preparations
 Site Status Check
 For each cell to be measured, check Status by LMT or M2000 Status
 Configuration Data Collection and Check
 check whether the data configured is consistent with the planned data
 Testing Point Selection
 Test UE Setup
 Set the handset to testing mode before test
Application key
 Other Preparations
Single Site Verification - Task of
the on-site engineers
 Verification in Idle Mode
 Frequency Check
 Check whether the frequency number of the cell to be measured is
consistent with the planned data
 Scramble Check
 Check whether the scramble configuration is consistent with the planned
configuration
 LAC/RAC Check
 Check whether the LAC/RAC of the cell to be measured is consistent with the
planed one.
 CPICH_RSCP/CPICH_Ec/Io (Near Site) Test
 Check whether the CPICH RSCP and CPICH Ec/Io received by UE are greater
than the threshold
Single Site Verification - Task of
the on-site engineers
 Verification in connect Mode
 Originating and Terminating Connection Test of Voice Service
 Check whether the originating and terminating function of voice service
function normally by call quality test
 Originating and Terminating Connection Test of VP Service
 Check whether the originating and terminating function of VP service
function normally by call quality test
 Connection Test of PS Services
 Check whether the originating function of PS services are normal by handset
online service
 Solving Problems
 If on-site engineers find product function problems or parameter
configuration problems, the engineers must locate them and retest until
the problems are solved and process terminates.
Single Site Verification – Task of
the RNO engineers
 Preparations
 Cell Status Confirmation
 Before checking site, you need to inquiry product support
engineers whether the cell is in normal status
 Testing Route Selection

 Before test, you must select a proper testing route according to
site distribution and local environment
 Precautions
the RNO engineers
 Coverage DT Check
 Check whether CPICH RSCP and CPICH Ec/Io received by
scanner is normal
 Abnormal power amplifier
 Abnormal connection of antenna-feeder
 Inconsistency of antenna tile/direction angle from planned
one
 Blocking by buildings
the RNO engineers
 HSDPA Access Function Test

 To test HSDPA access function
 Check whether the antenna for receiving diversity

signals is reversely connected
 Checking Antennas by Exchanging Feeders
the RNO engineers
 Antenna Diversity Check
 If the receive antenna crossed, the uplink diversity receive gain is loss, and the
uplink interfere is doubled. It will affect the uplink capability.
 Solving Problems
 If RNO engineers find problems about product function, RNO engineers must
ask product support engineers to solve problems
 Summarization:

In single site verification stage, engineers check
whether equipment functions normally

Single site verification is a basis for the following RF
optimization and service optimization

If all verifications about function are accepted, the
single site verification is completed

After single site verification, optimization comes to RF
optimization
Contents
4. RF Optimization
WCDMA Optimization Flow –
RF Optimization
RF Optimization - Overview
 Once all the sites are installed and verification is complete, RF
optimization starts.
 During the RF optimization stage, you will optimize radio frequency
(RF) signals , so that the distribution of radio signals is normal in
next service -- parameters optimization stage
 RF optimization includes the following aspects:
 Coverage optimization
 Pilot pollution optimization
 Handover optimization
RF Optimization flow
RF Optimization - Preparation
(1)
 Deciding Optimization target
 Weak coverage
 Pilot pollution
 High SHO Factor based on DT
 Dividing Clusters
 Deciding Test Route
 Confirm the KPI DT acceptance route with the operator before DT
 Preparing Tools and Data
 Preparing Software
 Preparing Hardware
 Preparing Data
(2) Index Reference Remarks
CPICH Ec/Io ≥ –9dB ≥ 97% in urban area According to test result from the scanner, in
unloaded and outdoor conditions, in planning
coverage areas, test in a grid-like route to cover all
≥ 97% in suburban area cells.
CPICH RSCP ≥ –95dBm ≥ 98% in urban area According to test result from the scanner, in
unloaded and outdoor conditions, in planning
coverage areas, test in a grid-like route to cover all
≥ 95% in suburban area cells. The coverage level request is basic. If
operators have penetration loss request, add the
penetration loss to the coverage level.
SHO Factor based on DT 30%–40% The SHO Factor based on DT should be 5% to 10%
lower than the goal, because the following
optimizations cause the soft handover factor to
increase
Pilot pollution ratio ≤ 5% –
RF Optimization - Targets
(3)
 Dividing Clusters
 RF optimization must be performed on a group of or a cluster of
NodeBs ,This ensures that interference from intra-frequency
neighbor cells are considered during optimization.
 Dividing clusters involves approval by the operator.
 Deciding Test Route

 The KPI DT acceptance route is the core route of RF optimization
test routes. Its optimization is the core of RF optimization.
RF Optimization - Preparing Tools and
Data:
Needed data
List of engineering
Software Device
parameters
Genex Probe Scanner
Map
Genex Assistant Test terminal and
data line KPI requirements
Genex Nastar
Laptop Network configuration
Mapinfo parameters
Vehicle mounted
inverter Survey report
Single site verification
checklist
Floor plan of the target
buildings
RF Optimization - Data
Collection
 During RF optimization stage, the key is the optimization of radio
signals distribution, with the major means of DT and indoor test
 DT is a major test. Collect scanner and UE data of radio signals
by DT test
 Usually the DT and indoor test during RF optimization stage is
based on VP service.
 During RF optimization stage, collect neighbor cell data of
network optimization and other data configured in RNC database
RF Optimization - RF problem
solutions
 Antenna tilt  Antenna height

 Antenna azimuth  Antenna type
 Antenna location  TMA
 Split sector  RRU
 Remove sector  Site location
 Combine sector  New site
RF Optimization
 Attention:
 During the RF optimization ,sometimes the problems can be resolved
completely by proper adjustment, but there is also some
disadvantages of the RF optimization
 The duration of the RF Optimization will be always very long

 Some adjustment is difficult to implement
 If the problems are not resolved by the RF optimization, it is
difficult to recover the antennas back to the former conditions
RF Optimization
 Some advices:

Before the RF adjusting, we’d better survey the relative
sites, and give some applicable advice

If possible, do the RF adjustment and test the effect at
the same time
RF Coverage Problem Analysis
 Coverage problem analysis is key to RF optimization.
It involves signal distribution. The coverage
problems to be analyzed include:

Weak coverage
 Overshoot coverage

Unbalance between uplink and downlink

No primary pilot cell
 Coverage Analysis Processes:
 Downlink Coverage Analysis
 Analyzing Pilot Coverage Strength
 Analyzing Pilot Coverage quality
 Analyzing Primary Pilot Cell
 Analyzing comparison of UE and Scanner Coverage
 Uplink Coverage Analysis
 Analyzing Uplink Interference
 Analyzing distribution of UE Transmit Power
 Downlink coverage analysis - Pilot Coverage Strength
Analysis
 Check areas of poor coverage, suggestion value as
below:
 Good: RSCP ≥ -85 dBm
 Fair: -95 dBm ≤ RSCP < -85 dBm
 Poor: RSCP < -95 dBm
 Mark the areas with weak coverage or common seamless
coverage of large areas for further analysis
Downlink coverage analysis - Pilot Coverage Strength Analysis
 Downlink coverage analysis - Pilot Coverage quality Analysis
 Ec/Io plot should also be analysed based on the thresholds :
 Good: Ec/Io ≥ -8 dB
 Fair: -14 dB ≤ Ec/Io < -8 dB
 Poor: Ec/Io < - 14 dB
 Areas of poor Ec/Io should be highlighted for further investigation
Downlink coverage analysis - Pilot Coverage quality Analysis:
-14 - 90
-15
What’s the
-15.5 - 95
problem?
-16 - 100
-104
-17 - 105
-18 - 110
-19 - 115
-20 - 120
Ec/Io RSCP
Downlink coverage analysis - Pilot Coverage quality Analysis:
-14 - 60
-63
-15 -15.5 - 65
-16 - 70
-17 - 75
-18 - 80
-19 - 85
-20 - 90
Ec/Io RSCP
What’s the
problem?
Downlink coverage analysis - Analyzing Primary Pilot Cell:
 Downlink coverage analysis - Analyzing Primary Pilot
Cell:

Cell primary pilot analysis is analyzing cell scramble
information obtained in DT

The content to be checked include :
 Weak coverage cell
 Cross-cell coverage cell
 No primary pilot cell
Downlink coverage analysis - Analyzing Primary Pilot Cell:
Downlink coverage analysis - Analyzing comparison of UE and Scanner Coverage :
Inconsistent Best Service Cell between scanner and UE
RF Coverage Problem
Analysis
Uplink coverage analysis:
 Uplink coverage analysis is analyzing UE transmit power obtained in DT.
 The quality standards of UE transmit power must be combined with optimization standards.
 Assume the optimization indexes of UE transmit power as below:
UE_Tx_Power≤ 10 dBm >= 95% The test result of voice service

by test handset. Assume the
maximum transmit power of UE is
21 dBm
 The defined corresponding quality standards are:

 Good if UE_Tx_Power ≤ 0 dBm
 Fair if 0 dBm < UE_Tx_Power ≤ 10 dBm
 Poor if UE_Tx_Power > 10 dBm
RF Coverage Problem
Analysis
Uplink - Distribution of UE Transmit Power:
The distribution of UE transmit power reflects the distribution of uplink

interference and uplink path loss
The distribution of UE transmit power
Pilot Pollution Problem Analysis
 Pilot Pollution Point Definition:

The pilot pollution is that excessive strong pilots exist in
a point but no primary pilot is strong enough

Pilot pollution exists if all the following conditions are
met:
 The number of pilots that meet the following condition is
more than 4 and CPICH_RSCP > -100dBm
 (CPICH_RSCP1st - CPICH_RSCP 4th)< 5dB
Pilot Pollution Problem
Analysis
Pilot Pollution Definition - Judgment Standards :
-60
-65 Margin
-70
RSCP (dBm)
-75
-62
-63
-64
-66 -67
-80
-85 -81
-90
SC1 SC2 SC3 SC4 SC5 SC6
Active Set Pilot Pollution Not

Pilot Pollution
Analysis
Pilot Pollution Definition - Estimated Active Set Size Example :
Analysis
Pilot Pollution Definition - Estimated Active Set Size Example :
SC Count % in Pollution Set
8 206 12.9%
9 165 10.3%
10 157 9.8%
11 156 9.7% Should be investigated
12 148 9.2%
13 135 8.4%
16 95 5.9%
17 94 5.9%
18 76 4.7%
19 74 4.6%
20 73 4.6%
21 56 3.5%
32 54 3.4%
35 39 2.4%
37 33 2.1%
43 19 1.2%
48 8 0.5%
53 7 0.4%
67 3 0.2%
80 2 0.1%
130 2 0.1%
Pilot pollution results
 Causes of Pilot Pollution :

Improper Cell Distribution

Over High NodeB or Highly-mounted Antenna
 Improper Antenna Azimuth

Improper Antenna Down Tilt

Improper PICH Power

Ambient Factors
 Influence of Pilot Pollution :

Pilot pollution causes the following network problems:

Ec/Io Deterioration
 Call Drop Due to Handover

Capacity Decline
 Process for Analyzing Pilot Pollution
 Analyze scanner-based RSCP for 1st Best Service Cell and Ec/Io for
1st Best Service Cell
 Analyze scanner-based Whole PP
 Locate the cells that cause pilot pollution of the key areas.
 Judge whether the pilot pollution is caused by existence of multiple
strong pilots or lack of a strong pilot
 Confirm the cells that need eliminating the coverage of an area and
that need enhancing the coverage of an area
 Retest after adjustment
 Solutions of Pilot Pollution :

Antenna Adjustment

PCPICH Power Adjustment
 Using RRU or Micro Cells
Handover Problem Analysis
 By adjusting RF parameters ,we can Control the size and
location of handover areas ,then we can eliminate
handover call drop due to sharp fluctuation and increase
handover success rate.
 During RF optimization stage, the involved handover
problem include:
 Neighbor cell optimization
Handover Problem Analysis -
Neighbor cell optimization
 During RF optimization stage, missing neighbor cell is a key problem. The neighbor
cell optimization includes adding and removing neighbor cells
 Add: Missing neighbors
 Remove: These neighbors that were not measured but are in the neighbor list.
 Neighbor cell optimization can be analyzed by :

 Scanner Data
 UE Data Analysis
Careful consideration is needed prior to removing neighbours
 By the scanner data, the Assistant can generate a
neighbor cell analysis report in the format of Excel
 We can also analyze a missing neighbor cell by UE DT data

 The daemon analysis tool can seldom analyze UE data automatically and generate
missing neighbor cells
 but we can Compare the active set Ec/Io distribution diagram measured by UE and
that measured by scanner
 The spots with missing neighbor cells has a poor Ec/Io measured by UE and a
strong Ec/Io scanned by scanner .
Handover Problem Analysis
 UE SHO Performance

The success rates for event 1a, 1b & 1c and can be
obtained from software
Number of Active Set Updates
Event Count
Event 1a - 328
Event 1b - 306
Event 1c - 64
Number of Active Set Update Completes
Event Count
Event 1a - 326
Event 1b - 305
Event 1c - 62
Soft-Handover Success Rate
Event Rate
Event 1a - 99.4
Event 1b - 99.7
Event 1c - 96.9
Contents
4. RF Optimization
Parameter Optimization
Purpose of Parameters
Optimization
 Purpose of parameters optimization
 Increase the access success ratio
 Decrease the call drop ratio
 Increase the quality of service
 The tools and data for analysis:
 scanner and UE
 RNC record data
 Statistic tools and KPI
 MSC & SGSN record if necessary
Drive test
 The contents of drive test

The call setup test for voice service
 The continuous call test for voice service

Idle mode test

The call setup test for video phone service

The continuous call test for voice service
 The call setup test for PS service

The continuous call test for PS service
The test should be performed repeatedly to the position with

problems to make sure that the problem is repeatable
Drive Test Data Analysis
 Drive Test Data Analysis

Analyzing and finding out the solution for access failure

Analyzing and finding out the solution for drop call
 Analyzing and finding out the solution for service
quality related problems
Adjustment Recommendation
and Implementation
 Adjustment Recommendation and Implementation
 Common Control Channel Power Allocation parameters
 RL Maximum Power parameters
 Intra-frequency Handover parameters
 Inter-frequency Handover parameters

Inter-RAT Handover parameters
 Power Control parameters
 Access parameters
 Other related parameters
Test for Special Areas
 Special area refers to a small district or indoors
environment

Operator offices, residence of VIP

Key hotels or entertainment location

Government location
 Locations of large company or group subscribers

Locations tend to be cared , such as railway station or
airport
Contents
4. RF Optimization
Optimization Report Output
Optimization Report
 The 《 optimization report 》 should be presented after the project
passes the customer acceptance. The optimization report should
include:
 Project background introduction
 Existing network status
 Acceptance criteria
 Optimization process
 Problem analysis and adjustment recommendation, and the effect for the
implemented part
 Acceptance test and result
 Leftover problems and suggestions from the optimization point of view.
Thank you
www.huawei.com

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WCDMA UTRAN

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

RNO leader-1 .................. RNO leader-n

Data Analyzer Data Analyzer

Drive Test Operator Drive Test Operator

 Optimization Tool:  Optimization

 The single site verification is completed by:

 Testing Route Selection

 HSDPA Access Function Test

 Check whether the antenna for receiving diversity

 Deciding Test Route

 Antenna tilt  Antenna height

 The duration of the RF Optimization will be always very long

 Areas of poor Ec/Io should be highlighted for further investigation

Inconsistent Best Service Cell between scanner and UE

UE_Tx_Power≤ 10 dBm >= 95% The test result of voice service

 The defined corresponding quality standards are:

The distribution of UE transmit power reflects the distribution of uplink

The distribution of UE transmit power

Active Set Pilot Pollution Not

Pilot pollution results

 Neighbor cell optimization can be analyzed by :

Careful consideration is needed prior to removing neighbours

 We can also analyze a missing neighbor cell by UE DT data

Number of Active Set Update Completes

Soft-Handover Success Rate

The test should be performed repeatedly to the position with

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