QUEENS METROPOLITAN HIGH SCHOOL CHEMISTRY TERM 1 COHORT 1T MIDTERM EXAMINATION MS.

GOLDSCHMIDT Name _______________________________________ Date _____________________

PART A Answer a minimum of 15 of the 20 multiple choice questions on the scantron form. Each question is worth 4 points. You can earn bonus points by answering more than 15 questions.

1. A sample of a gas is contained in n a closed rigid cylinder. According to kinetic molecular theory, what occurs when the gas inside the cylinder is heated? A. B. C. D. E. The number of gas molecules increases. The number of collisions between gas molecules per unit time decreases. C. The average velocity o f the gas molecules increases. D. The volume of the gas decreases.

2. The graph below represents the uniform heating of a substance, starting below its melting point, when the substance is solid. Which line segments represent an increase in average kinetic energy? A. AB and BC B. AB and CD C. BC and DE D. DE and EF

3. At room temperature, a mixture of sand and water can be separated by A. ionization B. combustion C. filtration D. sublimation

4. Which subatomic particles are located in the nucleus of a neon atom? A. electrons and positrons B. electrons and neutrons C. protons and neutrons D. protons and electrons

5. What is the mass number of an atom that has six protons, six electrons, and eight neutrons? A. 6 B. 12 C. 14 D. 20

6. What is the net charge on an ion that has 9 protons, 11 neutrons, and 10 electrons? A. 1+ B. 2+ C. 1. D. 2.

7. In which list are the elements arranged in order of increasing atomic mass? A. Cl, K, Ar B. Fe, Co, Ni C. Te, I, Xe D. Ne, F, Na

8. Isotopes of an element must have different A. atomic numbers B. mass numbers C. numbers of protons D. numbers of electrons

9. Students in a science class placed ice cubes in a cup. They were studying variables that affected how long it takes the ice to melt. Select the variable that would most likely NOT affect the time it takes the ice to melt.

A. B. C. D. 10.

Size of cup Number of students Size of ice cube Temperature of the room Which statement describes a chemical property of iron? A. B. C. D. Iron can be flattened into sheets. Iron conducts electricity and heat. Iron combines with oxygen to form rust. Iron can be drawn into a wire. Which of these elements has the lowest melting point? A. Li B. Na C. K D. Rb

11.

12.

Which substance cannot be decomposed by a chemical change? A. Ne B. N2O C. HF D. H2O

13.

Which nuclear emission has the greatest penetrating power? A. alpha particle B. beta particle C. gamma radiation D. all the same power

14. Which group of nuclear emissions is listed in order of increasing charge? A. B. C. D. alpha particle, beta particle, gamma radiation gamma radiation, alpha particle, beta particle positron, alpha particle, neutron neutron, positron, alpha particle

15. Which statement explains why nuclear waste materials may pose a problem?

A. They frequently have short half-lives and remain radioactive for brief periods of time. B. They frequently have short half-lives and remain radioactive for extended periods of time. C. They frequently have long half-lives and remain radioactive for brief periods of time. D. They frequently have long half-lives and remain radioactive for extended periods of time. 16. Which element is malleable and can conduct electricity in the solid phase? A. iodine B. phosphorus C. sulfur D. tin

17. Atoms of different isotopes of the same element differ in their total number of A. electrons B. neutrons 18. C. protons D. nuclei

Which one of the following is not a physical property of hydrogen? A. it is a gas C. it is colorless B. it is explosive D. it has no smell

19.

Which one of the following is an example of a physical change? A. iron rusting C. sugar dissolving in water B. a steak cooking D. a candle burning

20.

A banana browning in the air is an example of __________ b. a change of state d. a chemical change

a. a physical change c. energy being released

Part B Complete 4 of the 5 problem sets given below. Each set is worth 5 points, with partial credit available for incomplete responses. You can earn bonus points by answering all 5 problem sets.

1The diagram below shows a model in an open container. The model represents the arrangement of particles of matter in a solid phase.

a) Draw a diagram showing the arrangement of these particles in a liquid phase. Explain why the particles have this arrangement. Be sure to describe the energy of the particles.

b) Draw a diagram showing the arrangement of these particles in a gas phase. Explain why the particles have this arrangement. Be sure to describe the energy of the particles.

2-

Physical or Chemical Changes?

Classify the changes listed below as either physical or chemical and explain your reasoning. Change Type of Change Reasoning (Chemical or Physical)

Melting Ice Burning wood Breaking glass Burning propane gas Mixing peas and carrots Digesting French fries Unzipping a zipper Smashing a pumpkin Plants going through photosynthesis A cavity appearing in a tooth

3-

Read the followi ng scientific experiment carefully and answer the questions that follow in the space provided.

Since Peter learned that Venus Flytrap plants typically grow best in warmer/milder climates, he wondered if cooler temperatures would affect how quickly they closed.

Therefore, he designed and conducted an experiment. For his experiment, he purchased two identical (age, size, etc.) Venus Flytraps from a local florist that sold exotic plants. He then placed one Venus Flytrap outside (Temperature = 6.9 C) and one Venus Flytrap inside his house (Temperature = 22.2
o o

C).

After allowing the Venus Flytraps to adjust to their environment for a day, Peter began his experiment. Peter used a small dowel (wooden stick) to activate the Venus Flytraps by touching their trigger hairs. Once he did this he used a stopwatch to determine how many seconds it would take to completely close. His data is recorded in the tables below.

Venus Flytrap Outdoors (Temperature = 6.9 C) Plant Time (sec) 1 19.42

o

Venus Flytrap Indoors (Temperature = 22.2 C) Plant Time (sec) 1 2.28

o

a) Describe two things that Peter did right in his experiment.

b) Describe two things that Peter could improve upon in his experiment.

c) Would it be reasonable for Peter to draw conclusions from this data? Explain your reasoning.

4Imagine that you had been one of the scientists working on the Manhattan Project in 1945. Describe how you would have felt when: You were originally chosen to be on the team.

You saw one of your associates fatally injured by an accidental radioactive explosion.

You watched the first testing of an atomic bomb.

You learned that approximately 166,000 humans had been killed by the blasts at Nagasaki and Hiroshima.

5.

Using the diagram below, answer the questions that follow.

How many protons does the atom have? How many neutrons does the atom have?

How many electrons does the atom have? What is the atomic number of the atom?

What is the mass number of the atom?