Vl LSD _o.

261 ( 102a) Chloralose ( iii ca) Scopolamine ( 59 f )

M 500 comparison of M 377 psychotic effect

MOP,ROE, R., JACOBSON_ G. (Dept. of Psychiat. & Neurol., Tulane Univ. School of Med.) _RVIN, Fo(Res. Unit., Southeast Louisiana Hosp., Mandeville, La.) Act_ivatio_u of_p.s/Lqhpsis _vb a combination of scopol%_ne_and a__l ha - c h I_o a.1ose. o r Arch,_Teuroi.Psychiatr., Chicago 76, 536 (1956) o PROBLEM " I). Is there a specific group of psychotics in which the administration of scopolamine + alpha-chloraiose (SAC) produces k_EG abnormalities ? 2). Does SAC produce behavioura! disturbances in a significant number of psychotics ? 3). Do the behavioural disturbances correlate with specific EEG abnormalities ? To what extent do they resemble the patient's symptoms or those produced by LSD or mescaline ? 4). Is there a specific symptom complex characteristic of the patients reacting to SAC ? ___}_gD_a/v] DOS_AGE_: 500 mg chloralose + 0.5 mg scopolamine HBr orall_,. E_G, with hyperventilation, preceded and followed SAC. Brief _;e_tsl status examination before and after test_ ___TE_i]iHI_L Controls : : 31 volunteers, 19 without personality disorders, 4 with history of neurological complications and 8 with known personality disorder. Six had a borderline control EEG and 3 had an abnormal control KEG. Neurological series :15 _ith focal lesions and 16 with epilepsy. Nine had a borderline control EEG and 9 had an abnormal control EEG. Psychiatric series : 65 cases (21 on drugs and 44 not on drugs). 13 had borderline control EEG and 15 an abnormal control _G. R_oULT S : I). Effe_cts_of SAC pn_EE__G : In the _eurological of the 15 cases with focal lesions showed focal series activ13

ation on the side of the lesion and 15 of the 16 with epilepsy hs_d defir_ite evidence of EEG abnormalities. In the psychiatric series 48 of the 65 showed definite paroxysmal EEG activity. !7 of the 31 controls ,_nowed paroxys_al o_ hypers_u_chrony after SAC. Only 3 of the 19 without personality disorder showe4 activation. Only 3 of the __q7 subjects had actual seizures. 2). Beh_avio!@ral res/ypnse toSAC " Of the 127 subjects 9 had a s_vere organic type of reaction (clouding of sensorium with disorienhation, memory loss and perseveration, followed by amnesia). In _mny other subject_ _Id difficulties in finer intellectual perfonilance_ such as complicated calcuiations_ could be elicited_

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3). Activation of psychotic behaviour : Of the 48 psychiatric patients with EEG activation 24 showed evidence of psychotic reactions. This was accompanied by paroxysmal hypersynchrony, (not correlated with the degree of EEG change). _ny patients showed paroxysmal hypersynchrony without evidence of psychotic behaviour. Of the 62 subjects in the control and neurological series 45 showed EEG activation but only two showed psychotic reactions. This suggests that the phenomenon induced by SAC is not similar to the effect of LSD or mescaline. In the group of 26 patients with psychotic reactions the reactions were acting out of sexual, angry or fearful impulses (14 cases); feelings of unreality or depersonalisation (12), fear and rage reactions (9), depression (9), hallucinations (3), delusions (2), confusion (6), disorientation (2) and amnesia for the exper/ ience (3) Of the 26 patients 16 had evidence of impulsive behaviour and 19 showed episodic behaviour disorders. It seemed that SAC activation of psychotic behaviour occurs in those patients predisposed to this type of behaviour. 4). Correlation of behavioural and m_G activation : no precise correlation. 5). Comparison with other dr_u_s_: 14 subjects had i.v. amobarbital sodium, 5 had LSD, 3 mescaline, 5 pentylenetetrazol and 2 i.v. alcohol. Although some patients demonstrated episodic behaviour (release phenomenon), the amobarbital reaction did not resemble the SAC reaction. One case described shows the reaction to SAC, pentylenetetrazol, LSD (lO0_g [orally? ) and 3 mescaline. 40 min. after LSD the patient complained felt tense. At 45 min. nausea and blurred vision. At one time she briefly hallucinated her children. When her attention was secured,she was oriented and in contact with surroundings. 2 hours after LSD a blocking drug [no details_ modified the subsequent response to LSD. LSD and mescaline, in comparison with SAC, seemed to induce more somatic complaints, less acting out, _' more perceptual distortions but less conceptual distortions.

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