2006

: .


.

.

INTRODUCTION TO 3-D :

3-D CAD TERMINOLOGY

X,Y
Z



X,Y,Z
XY,XZ,ZY
,
.AUTOCAD
:

2-D

3-D

Boolean
operations
Complex
surface

XY Z
XY

Elevation

Extrude

Face

Facet

)(Command: HIDE

Hidden
line
removal

Isometric
Drawing

Plan View

Primitive

)(Command: SHADE

Region
Rendering
Shading

Solid
Model

(.See facets) .

Surface
Model
Thickness

The user co-ordinate system.

UCS

View
Viewport
Wire-frame
Model
Z-Axis

: ISOMETRIC DRAWING
.
)
(.

 :
ISOPLANE F5
-1

Current
-2
isoplane: Right
Enter
-3
[isometric plane setting [Left/Top/Right
Top
-4
T

 Osnap setting
-5
Isometric Snap .

, .
-6
F5
-7
.
F5
-8
.
ellipse I
-9
.

-10
,
.

-11
.

 WORKING IN 3 DIMENSIONS :
.
-THE 3-D CO-ORDINATE SYSTEM .

, .

 Z , , , . Z
) (4,3 X,Y
4,3 Z 0 . ) = (4,3 )
, (4,3,0 .
) (0,0,0 -
) (4,3,2 4 , 3 , 2
.
:

5.3852
- - )) , (0,1
(4,4 . )
(4,4,0) , (0,1,0 5 .



,
.
View > 3D Views > SW Isometric
.
:


. 2D
.

.

VIEWING 3-D OBJECTS :

.
:
View > 3-D Viewpoint > (then select one of
-1
.(the four bottom isometric options
. Southwest view SW
Isometric.
View >Viewports > new Viewports
-2
.
.

-3

PERSPECTIVE VIEWS:

 (DVIEW (Dynamic View

BASIC WIRE-FRAME MODELS :

.
, )
(

.
:
.acad.dwt
-1
OBJECT
-2
.
line ),0 ,0
-3
. (0
.
-4
Copy "2 .Z
-5
-base point-
@.2 ,0 ,0

 .SW Isometric
-6
.
-7
endpoint Osnap .
-8
.wireframe1.dwg
-9
:

.acad.dwt
-1
layers ,SIDES, SEAT BACK
-2
.
).(0,0,0
-3
.BACK
-4
4*36 copy
-5
)(0,0,0
@0,0,34
-6


-7
.Line
.WIRE-FRAME
-8

Pseudo 3D Drafting using Line :

Thickness .

.thickness
.
:
.
-1
.
-2
2
-3
.
"thickness 34. .
-4

-5
:
-6
Z=0

"24.
-7
) ( XY
-8
12
Move
-9
@0,0,12
.4
-10
SW isometric 3-D view
-11
.

-12

-13
.
chair_line_thickness.dwg
-14
.

REGIONS AND 3-D SURFACES :

.
.
extrude D-3
. solid
D surfaces-3 line thickness
.
. acad.dwt
-1
.
-2
.
-3
.
-4
REGION .REG
-5

-6

 :
-7
>Command: region <ENTER
Select objects: 1 found
Select objects:
1 loop extracted.

-9
. Polylines .
. .
-10
4 ,D regions-2 4
-11
extrude .D solid objects-3
.
-12
.EXTRUDE
-13
region .
-14

-15
16Command: EXT EXTRUDE
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Select objects: 1 found
Select objects:
Specify height of extrusion or [Path]: 34
>Specify angle of taper for extrusion <0

-17
,EXTRUDE

.
' ,'Extrusion Taper Angle

0 , .0
: EXTRUDE .region
, 12
-18
. EXTRUDE
HIDE
-19
8-

-20
.chair_extruded.dwg
-21
, chair_line_thickness.dwg
-22
. chair_3D_face.dwg
3DFACE D faces-3 endpoint Osnaps
-23
.

-24

-25

-26
27)Command: 3dface Specify first point or [Invisible]: (Pick 1
)Specify second point or [Invisible]: (Pick 2
)Specify third point or [Invisible] <exit>: (Pick 3
)Specify fourth point or [Invisible] <create three-sided face>: (Pick 4
>Specify third point or [Invisible] <exit>: <ENTER
.
-28
3dface
-29
.
HIDE
-30
.

MORE ABOUT EXTRUDING :

.EXTRUD
.


.
EXTRUDING ALONG A PATH :
POLYLINE from 0,0 to 120,0 to 120,120 to
-1
. 240,120 to 240,0
Zoom
-2
-3

-4
-5

FILLET .24

-6

12
-7
, 12
.
.12
-8
X 90
-9
, .ROTATE3D

-10
11Command: ROTATE3D
Current positive angle: ANGDIR=counterclockwise ANGBASE=0
found < Select objects: <1
>Select objects: <ENTER
Specify first point on axis or define axis by
[Object/Last/View/Xaxis/Yaxis/Zaxis/2points]: X
> POLYLINE < <0,0,0>:
> Specify rotation angle or [Reference]: 90 <ENTER


-12

-13

18-

.EXTRUDE
.
. P

Command: EXT
EXTRUDE
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Select objects: <1 < found
Select objects: <ENTER>
Specify height of extrusion or [Path]: P
Select extrusion path or [Taper angle]: <>
. SW Isometric

-14
-15
-16
-17

-19

-20
. HIDE
-21
: EXTRUDING WITH A TAPER

.
.100*100
-1
.45 50
-2

-3
4-

5-

Command: REC
RECTANG
Specify first corner point or
[Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: 0,0
Specify other corner point or [Dimensions]: 100,100
Command: EXT
EXTRUDE
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=0
Select objects: < > l
1 found
Select objects:
Specify height of extrusion or [Path]: 50
Specify angle of taper for extrusion <0>: 45

-6

. 3DORBIT
.

-7
-8
-9

. REVOLVED OBJECTS :
. ,

 2006 revsurf

, revolve ,solid object
.
.
Lampshade , , .
Lamp base .solid object
revsurf , revolve .
.acad.dwt
-1
SHADE BASE
-2
.
BASE .
-3
polyline C
-4
10 , .
spline .line
-5
.polyline
-6
.
-7
.
-8
REGION ,
-9
.

-10

,
-11
.modifying commands
,
-12
SURFTAB1 SURFTAB2
facets .
6 ,
-13

.
SURFTAB1 .24
-14
SURFTAB2 .2
-15
, .REVSURF
-16

-17
18Command: revsurf
Current wire frame density: SURFTAB1=24 SURFTAB2=2
( Select object to revolve:
)
( Select object that defines the axis of revolution:
)
>Specify start angle <0>: <ENTER
>Specify included angle (+=ccw, -=cw) <360>: <ENTER
.
-19
.
-20
.revolve
-21
.
-22

23-

Command: REVOLVE
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Select objects: <1 < found
Select objects: <ENTER>
Specify start point for axis of revolution or
define axis by [Object/X (axis)/Y (axis)]: O <ENTER>
Select an object: <>
Specify angle of revolution <360>: <ENTER>

.cool_3d_lamp.dwg

-24
-25

Adding Materials and Rendering :

.

-1

-2


-3
.
-4

.shade
-5
:
solids surfaces .
-1
.Apply the materials ,
-2
photo real .photo raytrace
-3
) ( .render

render ,
:
Hide .
-1
Render .
-2
Scenes .
-3
Lights .
-4
Materials .
-5
Materials Library .
-6
.Mapping
-7
.Background
-8
, .

 materials library
MATLIB
.

1 , 2
.
RMAT
.Materials

 .
Attach
,By Layer
materials library , rmat
.
.

PRIMITIVE SOLIDS :
.
6 :
DESCRIPTION
.
.

ICON

COMMAND

SHAPE

BOX

BOX

SPHERE

SPHERE

CYLINDER

CYLINDER

CONE

CONE

WEDGE

WEDGE

TORUS

TORUS

, .

BOX
,extrude .

Command: box
Specify corner of box or [CEnter] <0,0,0>: 2,3,4
Specify corner or [Cube/Length]: @5,7,10
5 X-axis wide, 7 Y-axis high, 10 depth positive
,Z-axis .2,3,4

Command: BOX
Specify corner of box or [CEnter]<0,0,0>: 2,3,4
Specify corner or [Cube/Length]: @5,7
Specify height: 10
Y, X
.

Command: BOX

Specify corner of box or [CEnter] <0,0,0>: C

Center of box <0,0,0>: <ENTER> or <PICK A POINT>
Specify corner or [Cube/Length]: @2,3,4
. 4x6x8

Command: BOX
Specify corner of box or [CEnter]<0,0,0>: (pick point)
Specify corner or [Cube/Length]: C
Length: 4
.4*4*4

Command: BOX
Center/<Corner of box> <0,0,0>:
Cube/Length/<other corner>: L
Length: 5 (X AXIS)
Width: 4 (Y AXIS)
Height: 6 (Z AXIS)
.

SPHERE
,
Command: SPHERE
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Specify center of sphere <0,0,0>: 5,10
Specify radius of sphere or [Diameter]: 6
________________________________________________
Command: SPHERE
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Specify center of sphere <0,0,0>: 5,10
Specify radius of sphere or [Diameter]:D
Specify Diameter: 12
.

CYLINDER
extrude

Command: CYLINDER
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Specify center point for base of cylinder or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>:
Diameter/<Radius>: 6
Center of other end/<Height>: 4
______________________________________
Command: CYLINDER
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Specify center point for base of cylinder or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>:
Specify radius for base of cylinder or [Diameter]: D
Diameter: 12
Specify height of cylinder or [Center of other end]: 4

CONE

.taper
Command: CONE
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Specify center point for base of cone or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>:
Specify radius for base of cone or [Diameter]: 4
Specify height of cone or [Apex]: 8
__________________________________
Command: CONE
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4

Specify center point for base of cone or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>:

Specify radius for base of cone or [Diameter]: D
Specify diameter for base of cone: 8
Apex/<Height>: 8

. apex

Command: CONE
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Specify center point for base of cone or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>: <PICK>
Specify radius for base of cone or [Diameter]: 5
Specify height of cone or [Apex]: A
Specify apex point: @5,5,6

WEDGE
,
.
Command: wedge

Specify first corner of wedge or [CEnter]<0,0,0>: <PICK>

Specify corner or [Cube/Length]: @5,2,4

.
.

TORUS

Command: TORUS
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Specify center of torus <0,0,0>:
Specify radius of torus or [Diameter]: 3
Specify radius of tube or [Diameter]:.25

THE USER CO-ORDINATE :

.( SYSTEM (UCS

World Co-ordinate System

World Co-ordinate System World Co-ordinate System
Set to Origin
Set to Origin
Set to No Origin
Origin is off screen

Icon displayed at origin

Origin is on or off screen

User Co-ordinate System User Co-ordinate System User Co-ordinate System

Set to Origin
Set to Origin
Set to No Origin
Origin is off screen
Icon displayed at origin
Origin is on or off screen
WCS World Co-ordinate System
.UCS User Co-ordinate System
.
.WCS redirection UCS

0,0,0 WCS
new UCS

.
Command: ucs
Current ucs name: *NO NAME*
Enter an option
[New/Move/orthoGraphic/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/Apply/?/World]
<World>: 3 3
Specify new origin point <0,0,0>: (P1)
Specify point on positive portion of X-axis <1.0000,7.0000,0.0000>: (P2)

Specify point on positive-Y portion of the UCS XY plane
<1.0000,7.0000,0.0000>: (P3)

Point-3
ORIGIN
Command: UCS
Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<Wor
:<ld>: O Origin point <0,0,0
:Z-AXIS
Command: ucs
Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<Wor
ld>: ZA
:<Origin point <0,0,0
:<Point on positive portion of Z-axis <-8.0000,0.0000,1.0000
OBJECT
Command: ucs
Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<Wor
ld>: OB
:Select object to align UCS
VIEW
Command: UCS
Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<Wor
ld>: V
X/Y/Z

Command: UCS
Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<Wor
ld>: X
Rotation angle about X axis <0>: -90
PREVIOUS
Command: UCS
Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<Wor
ld>: P
/?/Restore/Save/Del
Command:UCS
Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<Wor
ld>: S
Desired UCS name: VIEW1/?
____________________________________
Command:UCS
Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<Wor
ld>: R
Name of UCS to restore: view1/?
________________________________________
Command: UCS
Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<Wor
? :<ld
:<*> UCS name(s) to list
Current UCS: VIEW1
:Saved coordinate systems
VIEW1
<Origin = <0.0000,0.0000,0.0000>, X Axis = <1.0000,0.0000,0.0000
<Y Axis = <0.0000,1.0000,0.0000>, Z Axis = <0.0000,0.0000,1.0000
Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<Wor
ld>: D
UCS name(s) to delete <none>: view1
.Deleted 1 UCS name

BOOLEAN OPERATIONS :
.
UNION combines two or more solids into a single object
SUBTRACT removes the volume of one solid from another

INTERSECT - finds the interference area of solids objects and retains

that volume.
- .
- ,
.
- .
UNION
.

)Command: union (PRESS ENTER

found ( Select objects: (1
found ( Select objects: (1
)Select objects: (PRESS ENTER

UNION
SUBTRACT

SUBTRACT
Command: subtract
Select solids and regions to subtract from...
Select objects: (1 ( found (PRESS ENTER)
Select objects: Select solids and regions to
subtract...
Select objects: (1 ( found (PRESS ENTER)
Select objects: (PRESS ENTER)
INTERSECT

INTERSECT
Command: intersect
Select objects: (1 ( found
Select objects: (1 ( found
Select objects: (PRESS ENTER
SLICE
.

Command: slice
Select objects: 1 found
Select objects: Specify first point on slicing plane by
[Object/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points] <3points>:
Specify second point on plane:
Specify third point on plane:
Specify a point on desired side of the plane or [keep Both sides]:

EXTRUDE FACE

Command: _solidedit
Solids editing automatic checking: SOLIDCHECK=1
Enter a solids editing option [Face/Edge/Body/Undo/eXit] <eXit>: _face
Enter a face editing option
[Extrude/Move/Rotate/Offset/Taper/Delete/Copy/coLor/Undo/eXit] <eXit>:
_extrude
Select faces or [Undo/Remove]: (PICK BOTTOM LINE OF SIDE FACE) 2
faces found.
Select faces or [Undo/Remove/ALL]: R

Remove faces or [Undo/Add/ALL]: (PICK AN EDGE ON THE BOTTOM

FACE)2 faces found, 1 removed.
Remove faces or [Undo/Add/ALL]: (ENTER)
Specify height of extrusion or [Path]: 1 (ENTER)
Specify angle of taper for extrusion <0>: (ENTER)
Solid validation started.
Solid validation completed.
Enter a face editing option
[Extrude/Move/Rotate/Offset/Taper/Delete/Copy/coLor/Undo/eXit] <eXit>:
(ENTER)

TUTORIAL - CREATING A 3D OBJECT FROM A 2D PROFILE


:
0109910322 : yamenshahin@yahoo.com :