LDCE QUESTIONS 1.Which of these is disadvantage of DSL line?

OPTIONS 1)You can leave your Internet connection open and still use the phone line for voice calls. 2)The speed is much higher than a regular modem 3)DSL doesnt necessarily require new wiring; it can use the phone line you already have. 4)A DSL connection works better when you are closer to the providers central office. A DSL connection works better when you are closer to the providers central office. DSL is a distance restrictive technology. More the distance , lesser the performance. 2.The C-DOT 256 RAX has four types of service circuit cards: RAX Multi-Frequency Card (RMF) RAX Announcement and Tone Card (RAT) Conference Card (CNF) RAX Terminal Test Card (RTC) Which card receives and generates MF/DTMF tones, as per CCITT specification, for the 8 channels. 1) RMF 2) RAT 3) CNF 4) RTC Option 1 is correct: RAX Multi-Frequency Card (RMF) RMF card lies in Master Frame of a 256P RAX and services 8 channels per card. Two such cards can be equipped in system. This card receives and generates MF/DTMF tones, as per CCITT specification, for the 8 channels. 3. corDECT Wireless in Local Loop System Architecture: The corDECT system is designed to provide a cost effective wireless high quality voice and data connection in dense urban as well as sparse rural areas . It has eight major subsystems They are: (i) corDECT Interface Unit (DIU): Performs switching, system control and interfaces corDECT WLL system to telecom network. (ii)Compact Base Station (CBS): Provides wireless access in an area and supports twelve simultaneous full duplex channels. (iii) Wallset (WS): A wireless fixed terminal, connected to any standard telephone, modem or fax machine and /or to a personal computer. (iv)Handset (HS):. A portable telephone providing voice service to a user (v) Multiwallset (MWS):. Wireless fixed terminal, providing four independent (telephone, fax, modem) connection in a building. (vi) Base Station Distributor (BSD):. Connects four remotely-located CBSs to the DIU using an E1 link on radio or fibre. (vii) Relay Base Station (RBS): A relay device to extend the CBS wireless coverage to 25 kms. (viii) Network Management System (NMS): Manages multiple DIUs and their associated CBS , wallset , multiwallset , BSDs and RBS. Question Each CBS serves 1) One cell, providing up to 12 simultaneous speech channels. 2) One cell, providing up to 30 simultaneous speech channels. 3) Three cell, providing up to 12 simultaneous speech channels. 4) Three cell, providing up to 30 simultaneous speech channels.

Option 1 is correct Each CBS serves one cell,providing up to 12 simultaneous speech channels. The cell radius depends on the propagation environment and antenna gain of handset /wallset. Typically it ranges from 150m-5kms. (10 kms in rural areas) 4. The ADSL network components are: 1.The ADSL modem at the customer premises, that is called an ADSL transceiver unit-remote (ATU-R). It provides local loop termination on the customer side. 2.The modem of the central office that is called an ADSL Transmission Unit- central office (ATUC). It terminates the ADSL local loop at the central office premises. 3.DSLAM - DSL access multiplexer. 4.Splitter an electronic low pass filter that separates the analogue voice or ISDN signal from ADSL data frequencies when they get to the subscriber premises. For outgoing traffic, when they are transmitted from the subscriber premises, it combines the voice and the data frequencies onto one line. This allows a POTS phone connection to operate at the same time as ADSL digital data is transmitted or received on the same line. Question How many splitters do we use in the ADSL architecture and where? 1) Two. Both in the central office. 2) One. In the central office. 3) One. In the subscriber premises 4) Two. One in the central office and the other in the subscriber premises option 4 is correct One splitter is located at the central office and another at the subscriber premises. The splitter at the central office can be separate device or may be incorporated into the DSLAM. 5. IN ADSL Each frame contains: 1. Fast Byte - used for special superframe-related processing functions. 2. Fast Data - transmits time sensitive information and it can vary in length. 3. Forward Error Correction (FEC) - is used to ensure the accuracy of the fast data. 4. Interleaved Data - is the user data that the ADSL interface transmits, typically internet data, and it can be vary in length. Question What are the Frame sizes in ADSL? 1) 32 byte 2) 64 byte 3) No absolute frame sizes. 4) None of the above Option 3 Because the ADSL lines can vary and are asymmetrical, the frame sizes may vary also. Therefore, there are no absolute frame sizes for the superframe 6. The functions performed by the mobility management are: 1.Subscribe Data management at MSC/VLR 2.Services provided to upper layers 3.Subscriber Authentication and confidentiality Management Question At network side, authentication procedure requires 1) Random number RAND (128 bits) 2) Signed response SRES (32 bits) 3) Ciphering key (64 bits). 4) All of the above. Option 4 is correct At network side, authentication procedure requires authentication triplets. Authentication triplet consists of: Random number RAND (128 bits) Signed response SRES (32 bits) Ciphering key (64 bits).

8. A 400 pair cable consists of . No of super units of size. 1) 8, 50 pairs. 2) 4,100 pairs 3) 2,200 pairs 4) 1,400 pairs 8, 50 pairs.

1. CT-2

7. Which of this is a Cordless Technologies? 2.DECT 3.PHS 4.All of the above 4. All of the above is correct answer

CT-2 (Cordless telephony 2nd generation) DECT (Digitally Enhanced Cordless Telephony) PHS (Phone Handy System) 9. Calculate the number of level required for transmission if the B.W. of a channel is 3003400 Hz and S/N ratio is 20 dB. 1) 4 2) 8 3) 16 4) 32 Correct otion is (3) i.e. 16 level S/N = 20 dB We know that 20 dB = 10 log10 (S/N) (for converting S/N into a ratio) 2 = log10 (S/N) log10(102) = log10(S/N) S/N = 102 = 100 B.W = 3100 Hz. Shannon's theorem rmax = B log2(1+S/N) rmax = 3100 log2(1+100) = 3100 log2(101) = 3100 log2(27) (approx.) = 3100 X 7 = 21700 bps. So max. data rate permissible is 21.7 Kb/s. According to Nyquist theorem rmax = 2B log2L = 2 x 3100 log2L 21700 = 2 x 3100 log2L log2L = 21700/(2 x 3100) = 3.5 or 4 say log2L = log2 24 so, L = 24 = 16 Hence 16 level signal is necessary for permitting this max. bit rate. 10. In a mixed gauge the gauge of the faulty pair is not same throughout the length. It has some gauss of conductor upto certain length and of different gauge after that. It may have several section of different resistance. In above case the faulty pair is having three different section. The resistance to the fault is obtained as in case of normal faults. But for calculating distance to the fault, the conductor gauge at different section must be considered. QUESTION :: Let a = 50 ohms/km, b = 75 ohms/km, c= = 40 ohms/km. Length of first section = 2 km. Length of second section = 3 km. Length of third section = 4 km. Let resistance to the fault obtained from cable fault locator in 150 ohms. Find out in which section fault may exist 1) 0.67 KM 2) 1.3 KM 3) 2.8 KM 4) 3.9 KM

Option 1 is correct Now first we have to find out in which section our fault may exist. the royal resistance of first section is 2 x 50 = 100 ohms, therefore, our fault can not lie in this section. therefore our fault may exist in this section only. Distance to the fault = (150 - total resistance of first section)/75 (In second section) = (150 - 100)/75 = 50/75 = 2/3 km. (Line section) 11. If the calling rate per line per day in an exchange of 5000 lines is 6.0 and proportion of the traffic that occurs in the busy hours is 12 percent, what is the busy hours traffic in Erlangs, assuming an average holding time of 2.5 minutes per call? 1) 2.5 Erlangs 2) 60 Erlangs 3) 150 Erlangs 4) 30000 Erlangs Option 3 is correct Solution: Calling rate per line per day Capacity of the exchange Total number of calls made in a day = 6.0 = 50000 lines = 5000 x 6 = 30,000 Number of calls originated in the hours = 30,000 x 12/100 Holding time of a call = 2.5 minutes Busy hour traffic = C x t/60 = 3600 x 2.5/60 = 150 Erlangs or T.u.s. 12. Choose the incorrect statement about ISDN 1) 2) 3) 4) ISDN is a public network that provides end to end digital transmission It supports voice and non-voice services It provides variable bandwidth for each channel according to the demands of the user All of the above The statement in answer C is incorrect since ISDN provides fixed bandwidth for each channel and this is one of ISDN's limitations. 13. The servers that the Root Name Servers direct queries to are called Authoritative Name Servers'. These are the servers which hold the actual information on an individual domain. This information is stored in a file called a 1) Zone File 2) Temp File 3) ARPA 4) DNS.txt Zone File' is the correct answer Zone files are the updated versions of the original HOSTS.TXT file. 14. Within the DLU, the analog subscribers are terminated on SLMA (Subscriber Line Module Analog) cards (module). Similarly Digital (ISDN) subscribers are terminated on the SLMD modules. Each module can support (1) 16 subscribers, hence has 2 SLCA/SLCDs and one processor SLMCP. (2) 16 subscribers, hence has 2 SLCA/SLCDs and two processor SLMCP.

(3) 16 subscribers, hence has 16 SLCA/SLCDs and one processor SLMCP. (4) 16 subscribers, hence has 16 SLCA/SLCDs and two processor SLMCP. Option 3 is correct 15. If a router with IP addresses 203.168.27.14 and 198.20.30.15 (and default masks) and physical addresses xxxxx and yyyyy receives the message with IP destination address 128.20.30.15 and physical address xxxxx, what should the router do? 1) Discard the message 2) Pass the message to its next higher layer 3) Pass the message to another router 4) Pass the message to the ultimate destination Option 3 is correct When a station receives a message, it checks the destination physical address. If the physical destination address is different from the station's physical address, then the message is discarded. If addresses are the same, the station checks the destination IP address. If it is the station's address, then the message is passed to the next higher layer; otherwise the message is not for the station. If the station is a router, it passes the message to another router or to the ultimate destination (if the destination is its neighbor). If the station is a host, the message is discarded (since a host does not route messages). In this case, the destination is not a neighbor (because the IP address is not on one of the router's networks). 16. In EWSD, the DLUs are connected to switching network via a. LTG-B Transfer b. LTG- E Function c. LTG of both d. Correct Option is a B & C Function

The DLUs are connected to the Switching Network via LTG(B-function). A remote DLU is connected to an LTG by 2 Mbps Primary Digital Carriers (PDC). However, the local DLUs ( the DLUs located in the main exchange ) are connected to the LTG(B) by 4 Mbps carriers. 17. If a subscriber switches his mobile into GPRS mode, he can originate or terminate GPRS calls, but he can no longer originate or terminate GSM circuit switched calls. Which class does his mobile belong to? 1) Class A 2) Class B 3) Class C 4) Class D Option 3 is correct A class C mobile is either a pure GPRS MS or it supports both GSM circuit switched services and GPRS. If it supports both then it can be used only in one of the two modes. 18. What should be the dip that should be allowed in drop wire of span 50 metres and size 0.91 mm 1) 30cm 2) 50cm 3) 90 cm 4) 120 cm Correct Option is 4 Span 70 meters 50 meters 50 meters 35 meters Size of conductor of drop wire Dip 1.25 mm 1.25 mm 0.91 mm 0.91mm 120cm 60cm 120cm 60cm

19. Where the IMSI is stored in GSM Network? 1. SIM 2. HLR & VLR 3. AC database 4. All of the above Option 4 is correct The IMSI is stored on the subscriber identity module (SIM), the HLR, VLR and AC database. 20. Which of these can accept a number of tributary signals like PDH signals such as 2, 34 and 140 Mb/s or lower rate SDH signals. and multiplex them to the appropriate optical SDH carrier, i.e. STM-1, STM-4 or STM-16. 1. Terminal Multiplexer 2. Regenerator 3. Digtital Cross Connector 4. All of the above Option 1 is correct Line Terminal Multiplexers - can accept a number of tributary signals and multiplex them to the appropriate optical SDH carrier, i.e. STM-1, STM-4 or STM-16. The input tributaries can either be existing PDH signals such as 2, 34 and 140 Mb/s or lower rate SDH signals. LTMs form the main gateway from the PDH network to the SDH. 21. What is a TUG? 1. a fiber interface on a multiplexer 2. a managed group of tributary units 3. a column of the payload structure 4. part of the management overheads Option 2 is correct 22. Which of the following technologies has significant advantages in medium-density and highdensity population areas because it is capable of carrying higher levels of traffic, provides better voice quality, and can transmit data at higher rates? OPTIONS 1. GSM 2. PCS 3. CT-2 4. DECT Option 4 is correct 23. In a SMPS power plant, the input voltage is 200V and duty cycle of transistor used in SMPS regulator is 0.25. Calculate the output voltage considering all other losses as zero. OPTIONS 1. 50V 2. 100V 3. 200V 4. 600V Option 1 is correct Duty cycle of the Transistor =On Time/(On Time + Off Time) (one cycle time) The output voltage = Input voltage x D I/P voltage is 200 volts and D=0.25 O/P voltage = 200 x 0.25 = 50V. 24. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of RPR in Multiplay? OPTIONS 1. High scalability 2. Dual ring architecture 3. Poor QOS/Carrier class service 4. Statistical Multiplexing Option 3 is correct

25. A sampling of functions performed by a telephony billing system include OPTIONS 1. customer-interface management, sales and marketing, and problem handling 2. order handling, performance reporting, and invoicing and collections 3. rating and discounting, installation and maintenance, and information-systems management 4. All of the above Option 4 is correct 26. DWDM increases the capacity of _____ fibre by first assigning incoming ________ to specific frequencies within a designated frequency band and then _______ the resulting signals out onto one fiber. OPTIONS(FIB) 1. optical fibre; wavelengths; combining 2. embedded; optical signals; multiplexing 3. group; signals; multiplexing 4. dense; wavelengths; multiplexing Option 2 is correct DWDM increases the capacity of embeded fibre by first assigning incoming optical signals to specific frequencies within a designated frequency band and then multiplexing the resulting signals out onto one fiber. 27. In CDMA, Which of these can support data, voice, or signalling multiplexed with one another at any rate from 750 bps to 14.4 kbps. OPTIONS 1. F-FCH 2. F-SCH 3. F-DCCH 4. None of the above Option 1 is correct The Fundamental Channel (F-FCH) is equivalent to functionality Traffic Channel (TCH) for IS-95. It can support data, voice, or signaling multiplexed with one another at any rate from 750 bps to 14.4 kbps. 28. ADSL increases existing twisted-pair access capacity by OPTIONS 1. Two fold 2. Three fold 3. Thirty fold 4. Fifty fold Option 4 is correct ADSL increases existing twisted-pair access capacity by fifty folds. 29. Interference effects in cellular systems are a result of ___________. OPTIONS 1. the distance between areas 2. the ratio of the distance between areas to the transmitter power of the areas 3. the power of the transmitters 4. the height of the antennas Option 2 is correct

30. NGDLC technology is particularly effective because it OPTIONS 1. offers low common control 2. can be easily expanded as the subscriber base expands 3. can be used with whatever architecture already exists 4. all of the above Option 4 is correct 31. Who is the Manufacturer of EWSD? OPTIONS 1) Alcatel 2) Ericssion Sweden 3) Siemens, Germany 4) Option 3 is correct

AT&T USA

32. All are required for broadband media services delivery, over IP, except: OPTIONS 1) high bandwidth 2) a broadband connection 3) a narrowband connection 4) DSL option 3 is correct 33. A router with IP addresses 203.168.27.14 and 198.20.30.15 and physical addresses xxxxx and yyyyy receives a message with IP destination address: 198.20.30.15 and physical address: yyyyy. What should the router do? OPTIONS 1) Discard the message 2) Pass the message to its next higher layer 3) Pass the message to another router 4) Pass the message to the ultimate destination Option2 is corrcet When a station receives a message, it checks the destination physical address. If the physical destination address is different from the station's physical address then the message is discarded. If addresses are the same, the station checks the destination IP address. If it is the station's address, then the message is passed to the next higher layer. In this case, the destination IP address is the router itself. 34. Service request message transmitted by MS over SDCCH contains OPTIONS 1) TMSI 2) LAI 3) TMSI & LAI 4) NONE OF THE ABOVE Option 3 is correct 35. Which of these is a testing parameter that measures the crosstalk from an interfering pair transmitting from the other end of the link. OPTIONS 1) Near-end Crosstalk (NEXT) 2) Far-end Crosstalk (FEXT) 3) Power Sum NEXT (PSNEXT) 4) Power Sum ELFEXT (PSELFEXT) Option 2 is correct FEXT is measured as Equal Level FEXT (ELFEXT), which compensates for attenuation by subtracting it from the interfering pair.

36. Which of this is a high-performance switching and multiplexing technology that utilizes fixedlength packets to carry different types of traffic? OPTIONS 1) asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) 2) asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) 3) synchronous optical network (SONET) 4) none of the above asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) option 1 is correct 37. The 1948 theorem which is the basis for understanding the relationship of channel capacity, bandwidth, signal-to-noise ratio is known as ______________. OPTIONS 1) the Peter Principle 2) the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle 3) Shannon's Law 4) Boyle's Law option 3 is correct 38. Here it is given the order flow for Billing & Customer Care service used in BSNL. Arrange the following below mentioned work performed by BCCS in correct order. 1. ICC gives an order 2. Order gets inserted into a table in OM Database 3. Provmgr picks up the order and sends it to connect VU 4. Provupdater updates the status of order as completed. 5. Arbor updated then updates the order in the BP database. 6. The order is queued in the connectVU for respective GW 7. Order is sent to the NE(Switch) for provisioning. 8. CVU completes the order and sends acknowledgement to OM. 9. The order gets executed in the switch. 10. Switch sends an ack back to CVU OPTIONS 1) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 2) 1,2,3,6,7,9,10,8,4,5 3) 1,2,3,8,7,9,10,4,8,6 4) 1,2,3,7,8,9,10,4,5,6 Option 2 is correct The correct order is - ICC gives an order - Order gets inserted into a table in OM Database - Provmgr picks up the order and sends it to connect VU - The order is queued in the connectVU for respective GW - Order is sent to the NE(Switch) for provisioning. - The order gets executed in the switch. - Switch sends an ack back to CVU - CVU completes the order and sends acknowledgement to OM.

- Provupdater updates the status of order as completed. - Arbor updated then updates the order in the BP database. 39. Which virtual circuit connection is the preferred mode of operation in an ATM network? OPTIONS 1. permanent virtual circuits 2. switched virtual circuits 3. temporary virtual circuits 4. packet virtual circuits switched virtual circuits 40. Which of the following is ideal for the price-sensitive portion of the small-office/home-office (SOHO) market? OPTIONS 1. SDSL 2. ADSL 3. HDSL 4. IDSL option 4 is correct 41. The element in charge of storing short messages when these cannot be delivered to the handset is the OPTIONS 1. MSC 2. ESME 3. SCP 4. SMSC Option 4 is correct 42. The structure of a class B Internet address is OPTIONS 1. 7 bits for Net id, 24 bits for Host id 2. 21 bits for Net id, 8 bits for Host id 3. 14 bits for Net id, 16 bits for Host id 4. 18 bits for Net id, 12 bits for Host id Option 1 is correct 43. Channel multiplexing is received by either a means of _______ or _______. OPTIONS 1. IN or IP 2. TDM or DWDM 3. CDMA or TDMA 4. SONET or SDH Option 2 is correct Channel multiplexing is received by either a means of TDM or DWDM. 44. The design and build of an integrated telecommunications network is an intricate process that requires experts from the following disciplines: OPTIONS 1. network design and CO equipment installation 2. network design, outside-plant construction, and CO equipment installation 3. outside-plant construction and CO equipment installation 4. none of the above option 2 is correct 45. There are four main stages in the ANrepair process , What are they? OPTIONS

1. customer places call, customer service forwards call to appropriate department, repair, and final testing 2. reception, analysis, dispatch, and repair 3. dispatch, repair, final check, and customer notification 4. repair call placed, repair dispatched, testing from CO, and final modifications Option 2 is correct 46. In MPLS, CRLDP is referred to as a ________________ protocol; TERSVP is referred to as a ________________ protocol. OPTIONS 1. soft-state; hard-state 2. soft-state; soft-state 3. hard-state; hard-state 4. hard-state; soft-state option 4 is correct 47. Which of the following technologies cannot be used in customer care systems? OPTIONS 1. rapid application development and object-oriented technologies 2. artificial intelligence software 3. Internet 4. fuzzy logic Option 4 is correct 48. The SIM HW Interface contains________________. OPTIONS 1. Four line 2. Five Line 3. Six line 4. Seven Line option 3 is correct The SIM HW Interface contains six lines . 1. Vcc Voltage supply. Three voltage levels are currently supported: 5V, 3V, and 1.8V. 2. GND Ground line. 3. CLK External clock to the card 4. RST External reset to card. 5. I/O Input / Output data line. 6. Vpp Programmable Voltage (exists only in 5V technology). In addition, the USIM Interface contains two FIFOs: a receive (Rx) FIFO and a transmit (Tx) FIFO. Since both FIFOs use a single physical line, it is essential for the software to control the current transmission direction unambiguously. 49. WCDMA use _________for the multicarrier (MC) downlink. OPTIONS 1. 4.096Mcps 2. 3.6864Mcps 3. 1.2288Mcps 4. None of the above Option 1 is correct WCDMA use 4.096Mcps. CDMA-2000 uses 3.6864Mcps for the 5MHz band allocation, and 1.2288Mcps for the multicarrier (MC) downlink.

50. Which of the following does not play a part in an electronic-commerce system? OPTIONS 1. end consumerelectronic credit capability 2. transaction server to handle payments 3. gateway server to communicate with financial institutions 4. personal productivity application suites option 4 is correct 51. What is the key difference between gateway screening and access mediation? OPTIONS 1. Access mediation looks at the message header while gateway screening checks message syntax and content. 2. Gateway screening devices are limited to analyzing traffic based on the message header, while access mediation enables carriers to examine message syntax and content. 3. There is no difference. Gateway screening and access mediation is the same thing. 4. All of the above Option 2 is correct Gateway screening devices are limited to analyzing traffic based on the message header, while access mediation enables carriers to examine message syntax and content 52. Data service capabilities require an increase in __________. OPTIONS 1. SS7 signaling 2. IN routing 3. IN authentication 4. All of the above Option 1 is correct Data service capabilities require an increase in SS7 signaling . 53. The address 128.7.6.32 is OPTIONS 1. a class A address 2. a class B address 3. a class C address 4. option 2 is correct a class D address

The address 128.7.6.32 is a class B address Class B Network -- binary addresses start with 10, therefore the decimal number can be anywhere from 128 to 191. (The number 127 is reserved for loopback and is used for internal testing on the local machine.) The first 16 bits (the first two octets) identify the network and the remaining 16 bits indicate the host within the network. 54. Which of the following is the term for the amount of time that the canceller has to hold the model of the echo in order to recognize and cancel it? OPTIONS 1. echo model 2. tail circuit requirement 3. echo prediction period 4. convergence time