Design and Evaluation of PWM Control Circuits for DC/AC Converters using PSPICE

Oscar Montero-Hemindez, Jesus Jimtnez-Zamudio & Gabriel Gallegos-L6pez Uiiivcrsidad dc las AmCricas-Pucbla Department of Electrical Engineering1 A.P. 100 C.P.72820 Puebla, MCxico e-mail: montero@udlapvms.pue.udlap.mx

Abstract- I n this work is proposed a way to design and evaluate the control circuit stage for a three-phase DC/AC converter. PSPICE offers the possibility of design a n d evaluate the complete system which includes control circuit, DC/AC converter a n d tlie m o t o r [l]. This is very important because it is possible to sce liow tlie control circuit determines the performance of all the system. In our proposal a r e included all parts of the system, but with special emphasis in the control circuit. I n the control circuit is possible to e v a l u a t e s e v e r a l P W M techniques. T h e software employed allows the evaluation of Total Harmonic Distortion, THD, produced by each technique, i t also allows e v a l u a t i o n s with monopolar a n d bipolar power waveshapes, a n d provides a good referelice for the h a r d w a r e required for control circuit implementation. An example is showed, in it, the isolation stage required between control circvit and power stage a r e included. Computational and practical results are also presented.

PSPICE offers the possibility to design and evaluate the complete system which includes Control Circuit, DC/A C Converter and The Motor. This is very important bccause the performance of the Motor depends upon of quality of thc waveshapes delivered by DC/AC Converter and the characteristics of these wave shapes arc dctermincd by thc Control Circuit. The Control Circuit works as a pulse generator to drive the power stage and some desirables characteristics of it are:

Allows regulation of the vohage applied to thc motor. Allows frequency regulation of the waveshapcs delivered to the motor. Performs pulscs to obtain high qualily output waveshapes from DC/AC Converter. Easy connection to other circuits to achieve a close loop system.

I.

DESCRIPTION

Considering that the most recommcndcd tcchniqucs to generate the pulses to drive the power stagc are PWhI techniques or HIPWM techniques [2], lets us consider as an example of a Control Circuit technique the following: Lets compare a triangular waveshape against a modificd sinusoidal waveshapes with 3rd and 9th harmonic injcction such as: Y(t)=l. lSSen(wt)+ 0.27 Scn (3wt) -0.029Scn(9wt) with a frequency ratio of 18. The way to define in PSPICE the triangular waveshape and sinusoidal waveshapcs is bascd in voltngc sources controllcd by voltage [3][4], this allows:

In this work is proposed a way to design and evaluate the control circuit stage for a three-phase DC/AC converter, according figure 1. Motor

Dc

- modify the nature of waveshapes to compare the

Ref

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Total Harmonic Distortion generated in each case. modify frequency ratio (FR) or amplitudc ratio (AR) between the waveshapes compared to obtain voltage and frequency variations in power waveshapes applied to the motor.
1. 1

Fig. I. Block diagram of considered system.

RESULTS

'

Figures 2 and 3 show thc signals ohtaincd from simulation and from cxpcrimcntal circuit, i n both cascs thc FR=IX, AR=I and the frequency of the sinusoidal was 6OHz. Also, in
This work \vas supported by INIP of UDLA-P

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both cascs, is displaycd only onc sinusoidal of three sinusoidalcs lrom thc thrcc-phasc systcm.
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ow

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Fig. 5. Litre voltages obtairred from experirireritcil circriif.

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Figure 6 shows the Harmonic Content of the current applicd to the motor; the spectrum is obtained from cxpcrimcntal mcasuremcnts of currcnt.
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PAUSE0

Fig. 2.

Waveshapes obtained from simulation.

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Fig. 6. Harniotiic specrricni of one phase am-erir of iiioror.

Performance of this current is according to simulation rcsults of proposed technique.
s Thc powcr stagc was sirnulatcd as i indica[cd in I'igurc 7 according the references [41[51:
453 43 2 .1

Fig. 3.

Waveshapes obtained from experimental circuit.

111ligurcs 4 and 5 , thc wavcshapcs of thc linc voltagcs applicd to the motor obtained from simulation and experimental circuit, are shown.
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Fig. 4. Line voltages obtained from siniitlarion.

Fig. 7 .

Represeritafiori of rhe Inverter in PSPfCE.

353

111.

CONCLUSIONS
[l]

REFERENCES MicroSim Corporation, "PSPICE Circuit Analysis", 1990. Boost M.A. and Ziogas P.D., "State of the Art Cnrricr PWM Techniques: A Criticai Evaluation", IEEE (IA). Vol. IA-24, pp. 27 1, 1988. David B5ez-L6pez, "AnAlisis de circuitos por computadora usondo SPICE", (In Spanish) Ed. Alfaomega, Mbxico, 1994. Ned Mohan, "Power Electronics: Computer Simulation, Analysis, and Education Using PSPICE", University of Minnesota, 1992. Mohon, Undcland, Robbins. "Powcr Elcctronics: Converters, Applications and Dcsign", Ed. John Wilcy & Sons, New York,1989.

It can be concluded that with the presented method of design Control Circuits:

It is possible to evaluate different techniques of

modulation and .to see how will be the waveshapes applied to the motor. It lcts obtain a good approximation lo implcmcnt the hardware. It solves the isolation stage required between control circuit and power stage.

PI
[31 [4]

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