Professional Documents
Culture Documents
residential College of San Jose, attached to the College of Manila opened on August 25. In 1605, just 24 years after the arrival of the first Jesuits, Fr. General Acquaviva erected the Philippine Vice Province into an independent Province. By that time the Province had 67 members who labored in one college of higher studies (the College of Manila), one residential college or seminary (San Jose), seven mission residences and two mission stations. In the same year or in 1606 a Novitiate was opened in Antipolo, but later the novices were transferred to the College of Manila. From 1622-1630 the Novitiate was located in San Pedro Makati, but in 1630 it again returned to the College of Manila. The Novitiate building in Makati became a house of Retreats and a Villa House. In 1656 fifty years after the erection of the Province and 75 years after the founding of the Mission, the membership of the Province had risen to 108 (74 priests, 11 scholastics, 23 coadjutor Brothers). There were five colleges, one Novitiate, one Seminary-College, 9 Mission Residences, and the spiritual administration of 73 towns. In these 75 years 372 Jesuits had come to the Philippines from Europe and New Spain. 143 Jesuits had been admitted to and had persevered in the Society in the Philippines. Three had been received as priests, 23 as scholastics, and 117 as coadjutor brothers. In 1668 the Philippine Province established a mission in the Marianas Islands. This mission later became a Vice Province dependent on the Philippine Province. By 1755 the Philippine Province had the spiritual administration of 80 parishes and missions in the Philippines and the Marianas, caring for a total population of 212,153 persons. In 1768 the Jesuits were banished from the Philippines. On February 27, 1767 King Charles III of Spain had issued a decree banishing the Society of Jesus from Spain and the Spanish dominions. This decree reached Manila on May 17, 1768. Between 1769 and 1771 the Jesuits in the Philippines were transported to Spain and from there deported to Italy. The possessions of the Province were declared forfeit to the crown except the obras pias, which were maintained as ecclesiastical property. Among these was the College of San Jose, which continued to exist, first under the administration of the secular clergy and later under that of the Dominicans. The Jesuit parishes and Missions were transferred to other religious orders.
return to the Philippines. On June 14, 1859, a Tuesday morning, ten Jesuits of the Aragon Province, six priests and four coadjutor brothers, disembarked from the frigate Luisita. They were led by their Superior, Father Jos Fernndez Cuevas. They entered Intramuros where they were warmly welcomed by the Augustinian Friars, who took them to their Villa House. There the Jesuits stayed for some time while their own residence was being built. On the day of arrival they presented themselves to the authorities and informed them of the special purpose of their coming, namely for the missions of Mindanao and Jol. Soon after their arrival the Jesuits began the exploration of their new mission territory. They set up missions, built parishes, opened mission schools, administered the sacraments, and taught children their catechism. They wrote the first grammars and compiled the first dictionaries in Maguindanao, Tururay, and Bagobo. By the end of the 19th century, the Society of Jesus had taken over all the mission posts of Mindanao and Sulu. Manila residents were unwilling, however, to let all the Jesuits travel to far off Mindanao. On August 5, 1859, less than a month after their arrival, a group petitioned the Spanish Governor-General for the Jesuits to begin a school. The Superior, Father Cuevas refused, because the mission of the Jesuits was to be in Mindanao. The people insisted and after discussing it with his men, Father Cuevas decided to refuse unless the Governor would issue a written order. This was done on October 1 of the same year transferring the direction of the Escuela Pia to the Jesuits. The school was renamed Escuela Municipal and classes began under the Jesuits on December 10, 1859 with just 23 boys. Three months later the school had increased to 170 students. By 1909 the school was formally renamed the Ateneo de Manila. It had primary, secondary and tertiary levels well established. Since that time other Ateneos were founded in Zamboanga, Cagayan de Oro, Naga, Davao along with other schools from the former Chinese delegation and likewise in many small parishes in Mindanao and Culion. The same ideals of excellence, of seeking to do more for love of God and neighbor and country imbued them all. In 1919 the College of San Jose was restored to the Society as a Seminary for the education of Filipino secular priests. By 1920 the Philippine Jesuit Mission had 157 members: 78 priests, 17 scholastics, 62 coadjutor brothers. There were mission residences with 20 additional stations at Butuan, Cagayan, Caraga, Cotabato, Culion, Dapitan, Davao, and Zamboanga. In Manila the Mission ministered at the Ateneo de Manila, San Ignacio Church, the House of Probation and the College of San Jose, and the Observatory. In Vigan Jesuits ran a seminary and
college. 1921 saw the arrival in Manila of 22 Jesuits (12 priests and 10 scholastics) from the combined Provinces of Maryland, New York, and New England, USA. In 1927 the Philippine Mission was transferred to the Province of Maryland-New York from the Province of Aragon by Fr. General Wlodimir Ledochowski. The first American Superior appointed on April of 1927 was Fr. James J. Carlin, S.J. At that time the Mission had the following membership: 76 Americans, 68 Spaniards, 42 Filipinos. The Mission maintained residences in Butuan, Cagayan, Caraga, Cotabato, Culion, Dapitan, Davao, Zamboanga and Manila. In Manila the Society had the Ateneo, San Ignacio Church, the Observatory, a House of Probation, and the College of San Jose. On February 2, 1952 the Philippine Mission became the Philippine Vice-Province, with Fr. Leo A. Cullum, S.J. as first Vice Provincial. Another milestone was reached, when on February 3, 1958 the Philippine Vice-Province was erected as an independent Province. Fr. Francis X. Clark, S.J. who had served as Vice Provincial became the first Provincial. By this time the Province had 442 members: 239 (54%) Filipinos and 197 (45%) Americans. The Province maintained residences in Cagayan and Zamboanga There were seven Ateneos: Cagayan, Davao, Manila, Naga, San Pablo, Tuguegarao, and Zamboanga. The Province maintained a Novitiate and Juniorate in Novaliches, and Berchmans College for philosophy studies in Cebu City. In addition it maintained a retreat house (La Ignaciana, Manila), an observatory in Baguio, an institute of social order (Manila) and the Provincials residence in the same city. The Society also administered two seminaries, San Jose, Manila and San Jose, Mindanao, the Philippine General Hospital, and the Culion and Zamboanga Sanitarium Chaplaincies. In 1965 Father Horatio dela Costa, S.J. became the first Filipino Provincial. In the sixties, too, a long-time dream came true; the Philippine Province opened its own theologate, Loyola House of Studies, now known as Loyola School of Theology, on the campus of the Ateneo de Manila University in Quezon City. Since the erection of the Philippine Province in 1958 to the present a change-over has taken place. Filipino Jesuits have assumed responsibility and taken leadership for the direction and service of the Province. Today the Philippine Province, in addition to all the works in the Philippines, sends young men once more to foreign missions: to Cambodia, Myanmar, and East Timor. We remember with gratitude more than 200 years of the presence of Jesuits in this country. We thank the Lord for the blessing of Jesuits from Europe, the United States, Asia-Pacific, and the Philippines, who have labored in the different ministries of the Province: as scientists at the Manila Observatory, professors in the different Ateneos, pioneers and explorers in Mindanao, as catechists and pastors, as teachers, and spiritual
guides for many who desired a deeper relationship with their God. The article above is based on the outline by Fr. Horatio de la Costa, S.J. in the Philippine Clipper of 1958 together with the homilies of Fr. Provincial in Intramuros and at the Ateneo de Zamboanga on the occasion of 150th Anniversary of the return of the Jesuits to the Philippines.
] Tertiary institutions
Institution Location Enrollment 13,676 11,465 8,000 approx. 9,000 approx. Athletic School Founded nickname Colors Blue Knights Blue Eagles blue, white blue, white 1948 1859 1940 1912 Ateneo de Davao City, Davao Davao del Sur University Ateneo de Quezon City, Manila Metro Manila University Ateneo de Naga Naga, University Camarines Sur Ateneo de Zamboanga Zamboanga City
Culion, Palawan
554
1936 1933
Non-tertiary institutions
Institution Location Enrollment Sacred Heart Mandaue, School Ateneo Cebu de Cebu Ateneo de Iloilo Iloilo City, Santa Maria Iloilo Catholic School San Juan, 4,000 Xavier School Metro approx. Manila Athletic School Founded nickname Colors blue, Magis gold, 1955 Eagles white Blue Dragons Golden Stallions blue, white blue, gold 1958 1956
Defunct institutions
Institution Ateneo de San Pablo Ateneo de Tuguegarao Berchmans College of Cebu Immaculate Conception School[n 1] Colegio de San Ildefonso[n 3] Universidad de San Ignacio[n 4] Location San Pablo, Laguna Tuguegarao, Cagayan Cebu City, Cebu Ozamiz, Misamis Occidental Cebu City, Cebu Manila Founded Closed 1947 1945 1949 1929 1595 1590 1978 1962 1963 1939[n 2] 1769 1768