Minority &amp Riz

The Slovene minority in Italy and its schools
Some facts and figures
domenica 22 gennaio 12
The Slovene minority in Italy
Why did the Slovene population in Trieste decrease so dramatically ? (Some facts about the past of the town of Trieste)
Trieste
For over 500 years (from 1382 until 1918) Trieste was part of the Habsburg Monarchy, later known as the Austrian Empire (1804-1867) and Austro-Hungary (from 1867 to 1918).
In the 19th century Trieste was the most important port of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, at that time one of the Great Powers of Europe.
In between the 19 th and the
In the fin-de-siecle period, Trieste emerged as a cosmopolitan city and an important hub for literature and music. Its cultural life was shaped by artists and philosophers like James Joyce, Italo Svevo, Sigmund Freud, Dragotin Kette, Ivan Cankar, Scipio Slataper, Umberto Saba and others.
At the beginning of the 20th century: Trieste was the largest Slovene town (56,000 Slovene inhabitants). At that time the population of Ljubljana, today the capital city of Slovenia, with its German speaking minority, amounted to 52,000.
Under Austrian rule, things had never been very good for the Slavic minorities, though with great efforts, the Slovenes and other Slav groups had built up strong economic foundations under the Austrian Empire, with their own banks, major shipping and industrial companies, and a network of schools and cooperatives.
However, the collapse of the AustroHungarian Empire in 1918 and Trieste's annexation to Italy after WW1 led to a decline of its economic and cultural importance. Trieste became a peripheral city.
This is the beginning of a harsh economic period: the town becomes part of a country that does not need its port, its trade connections with countries that were not considered as trading partners. The town gets poorer and poorer.
And then the Fascists came to
With the arrival of Italian rule, things for non-Italian-speaking communities began to go from bad to worse. In particular, Mussolini's Fascists made vigorous efforts to squeeze the economic, linguistic and cultural life out of the 500,000 Slovenes in areas occupied by the Italians.
After the capitulation of Italy arrival of the German troops in town (1943)
The extremist trend continues...
Especially when political elections approach
This is just one of the latest acts of extreme right-wing political vandalism.
Trnovo near Gorizia - Monument to the over 2,300 Slovene partisans who died during WW2, vandalised in the night between April 26 and April 27, 2005
Nevertheless, more than sixty years after WW2 things have, on the whole, somehow improved: theres more cooperation and understanding between the two communities; in 2001 a special law for the protection of the Slovene minority was issued; Slovenia joined the EU; the formal border between Italy and
Slovene at the university in Italy

Trst - Trieste Gorica - Gorizia Videm - Udine Padua Venice
Miran Kouta, Slovene language and literature professor at the University of Trieste
Picture: Kroma
THE SLOVENES IN ITALY HAVE MANY CULTURAL AND SPORTS ASSOCIATIONS

i.e. ZSKD - Zveza slovenskih kulturnih
drutev Union of the Slovene cultural associations: 81 associations in the provinces of Trst - Trieste, Gorica - Gorizia and Videm - Udine For ex: Slovene cultural centre Slovenska prosveta
i.e.: ZSDI - Zveza slovenskih
portnih drutev v Italiji Union of the Slovene sports associations in Italy: More than 50 sports and recreation associations with 7.000 members
AMATEUR VOLUNTARY CULTURAL ACTIVITIES

CHOIRS
ACTING COMPANIES DANCE GROUPS BANDS CONFERENCES SCOUTS

The Balkan rock band Kraki ovarji
Slovenska Zamejska Skavtska Organizacija The Slovene Scouts of Trst - Trieste

The folk group Stu ledi
WHAT ABOUT THE PROFESSIONAL CULTURAL ACTIVITY?

SLOVENE RESIDENT THEATRE (SSG) IN TRST TRIESTE (one of the 12 resident theatres in Italy) some performances display Italian subtitles!
2 MUSIC CENTRES GLASBENA MATICA + GLASBENI CENTER EMILA KOMELA
The pianists Beatrice Zonta and Vesna Zuppin
The SSG actors

Picture: Kroma
Picture: Kroma
KINOATELJE
The film Il mio confine- Moja meja

Picture: www.nostrocine.co.uk
in Gorica - Gorizia: organises seasons of film screenings, produces movies, develops researches in the field of cinema
AND THE PROFESSIONAL CULTURAL ACTIVITY?
LIBRARY - NARODNA IN
TUDIJSKA KNJINICA more than 100.000 books
Picture: Kroma
SLORI SLOVENE RESEARCH INSTITUTE - SLOVENSKI RAZISKOVALNI INTITUT social research on Slovenes in Italy
Archive Slori
The most popular sports?

1) volleyball 2) football 3) basketball
WEBSITE OF THE SLOVENE SPORTS IN ITALY = www.slosport.org

THE MASS - MEDIA?

PRESS: the daily Primorski dnevnik, the periodicals Novi Matajur, Dom, Novi Glas + magazines (for ex. Isonzo Soa) RADIO (RAI): 12,5 hours per day TV (RAI): evening news + various programmes
Picture Sergio Ferrari Picture Kroma
In accordance with law 103/1975 and special conventions, the Italian national TV and radio corporation RAI provides for the programmes in minority languages.
Illustrated by: Anton Spazzapan
HOW ARE THE SLOVENES IN ITALY ORGANISED? 2 LEADING ORGANISATIONS (= COORDINATING ASSOCIATIONS) which hold together all the others: the Slovene cultural and economic union the Confederation of the Slovene associations
Small and medium size enterprises Cooperatives Syndicates Bank institutes
THE ECONOMY economical initiatives in various sectors
The sectors of interest: especially the agricultural one, manufacturers, wholesale and retail trade, catering and tourist services, transport and various cross-border services
The main economic organisations l Slovene Economic Regional Union - Slovensko deelno gospodarsko zdruenje l Farmers Union Kmeka zveza
AND THE POLITICS?

WIDE POLITICAL STRUCTURE
THE SLOVENES VOTE FOR DIFFERENT POLITICAL PARTIES THE SLOVENE POLITICAL CANDIDATES REFER TO THE LISTS OF DIFFERENT PARTIES AMONG WHICH ALSO A SLOVENE ETHNIC PARTY: the SLOVENE UNION
REPRESENTATIVE OF THE SLOVENES IN THE ITALIAN PARLIAMENT: Mrs. Tamara Blaina - Senate CURRENTLY THERE ARE 2 SLOVENES IN THE FRIULI VENEZIA GIULIA REGIONAL COUNCIL
Igor Kocjani Igor Gabrovec + mayors, town councillors, trade union leaders
On the basis of a decree issued by Maria Theresa in favour of state education in
1774, the first Slovene elementary
school in the area was opened in 1780 in Servola, now a suburb of
Trieste, then a village outside the town.
By 1869 there were about twenty Slovene primary schools in the Provinces of Trieste and Gorizia.
In 1913 on what is now Italian territory the Slovene school structures (state and private) had reached the following dimension:
As a result, by 1930 all forms of Slovene as well as other language teaching had disappeared. The only language allowed was Italian...
As a result, by 1930 all forms of Slovene as well as other language teaching had disappeared. The only language allowed was Italian...
After WW2, in 1945, the Allied
In the hard post-war times, characterised by
After a period of fervent activity on the
The school population is changing A survey carried out in
In the school year 2001/02 in the largest Slovene secondary school in Trieste (F.Preeren) over 40 % of the students came from mixed-language (Slovene/ Italian) families.
On the basis of a reciprocal agreement with the Italian minority in former Yugoslavia then and Slovenia now
A system of year-long refresher and specialisation courses for Slovene teachers has been established at the University of Ljubljana,
Schools with the Slovene teaching language in and around Trieste

around
500 children attend nursery schools 800 pupils attend elementary schools 390 pupils attend lower secondary schools 550 students attend higher secondary schools
Schools with the Slovene teaching

Around
470 children attend nursery schools 560 pupils attend elementary schools 270 pupils attend lower secondary schools 300 students attend higher secondary schools
Nursery and Elementary Schools

total number of pupils: 2.330 total number of classes: 159 on average: 15 pupils per class small schools spread all over the territory Slovene is the teaching language
Lower Secondary Schools
total number of pupils: 654
6 schools in and around Trieste

(385 pupils)
total number of 2 schools in and classes: 42 around Gorizia on average: 16 (269 pupils) pupils per class Slovene is the teaching language
Higher secondary schools total number of students: 850 total number of classes: 76 on average: 12 students per class 4 schools in Trieste (550 students) 2 schools in Gorizia (300 students) Slovene is the teaching language

Higher secondary schools with the Slovene teaching language in Trieste the Scientific and classical lyce France Preeren
(240 students)
the Technical business school iga Zois the Vocational school Joef Stefan
(105 students) (95 students)
the Social studies lyce Anton Martin Slomek

(110 students)
The secondary school - lyceFrance Preeren

Founded right after WW2 Named after France Preeren, the greatest Slovene poet (1800-1849) Three courses of study:
The classical languages course of study The scientific course of study The modern languages course of study
Thanks for your attention!

Minority &amp Riz

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Minority &amp Riz

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The Slovene minority in Italy and its schools

Some facts and figures

The Slovene minority in Italy

In between the 19 th and the

And then the Fascists came to

The extremist trend continues...

Especially when political elections approach

Slovene at the university in Italy

THE SLOVENES IN ITALY HAVE MANY CULTURAL AND SPORTS ASSOCIATIONS

i.e.: ZSDI - Zveza slovenskih

AMATEUR VOLUNTARY CULTURAL ACTIVITIES

ACTING COMPANIES DANCE GROUPS BANDS CONFERENCES SCOUTS

Slovenska Zamejska Skavtska Organizacija The Slovene Scouts of Trst - Trieste

The folk group Stu ledi

WHAT ABOUT THE PROFESSIONAL CULTURAL ACTIVITY?

2 MUSIC CENTRES GLASBENA MATICA + GLASBENI CENTER EMILA KOMELA

The pianists Beatrice Zonta and Vesna Zuppin

The SSG actors

The film Il mio confine- Moja meja

AND THE PROFESSIONAL CULTURAL ACTIVITY?

The most popular sports?

WEBSITE OF THE SLOVENE SPORTS IN ITALY = www.slosport.org

THE MASS - MEDIA?

Illustrated by: Anton Spazzapan

Small and medium size enterprises Cooperatives Syndicates Bank institutes

THE ECONOMY economical initiatives in various sectors

AND THE POLITICS?

On the basis of a decree issued by Maria Theresa in favour of state education in

1774, the first Slovene elementary

school in the area was opened in 1780 in Servola, now a suburb of

Trieste, then a village outside the town.

After WW2, in 1945, the Allied

In the hard post-war times, characterised by

After a period of fervent activity on the

The school population is changing A survey carried out in

Schools with the Slovene teaching language in and around Trieste

Schools with the Slovene teaching

Nursery and Elementary Schools

Lower Secondary Schools

total number of pupils: 654

6 schools in and around Trieste

(105 students) (95 students)

the Social studies lyce Anton Martin Slomek

The secondary school - lyceFrance Preeren

Thanks for your attention!

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