intelligent clothing

Intelligent clothing is technology you can wear thanks to the innovative integration of expertise from a variety of fields, including electronics, mechanical engineering and ergonomics. Integration thats made possible by another field of expertise that of designing safety tailored to the human body.

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5 | D-air Racing

WhAt iS D-AiR ?

D-AiR iS A pRotection technology plAtfoRm

that uses an intelligent system to detect dangerous situations and inflate special airbags around the body.

D-AiR iS much moRe thAn juSt A pRoDuct,

being a highly-advanced protection technology that can be deployed in products designed for a wide range of different uses where protection is required.

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7 | D-air Racing

WhAt mAkeS clothing intelligent?

Its abIlIty to protect users In sItuatIons where they are unable to control whats happenIng around them even without their own intervention.

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9 | D-air Racing

d-air racing

iS intelligent,
featuring a special triggering algorithm that is able to recognise crash conditions and activates the system when necessary.

Why D-AiR RAcing iS DiffeRent

d-airracing

iS effectiVe,
protecting the shoulders and covering the collar bones and upper chest area, while limiting oscillations of the head during rolling.

d-air racing

d-airracing

iS fASt,

iS inDepenDent,
which means that it doesnt need any connections to or devices installed on the bike.

triggering in less than 15 milliseconds in the most violent crashes and deploying the bag in 30 milliseconds (prEN 1621-4).

d-airracing

iS ReliABle,
being the result of 10 years research and development, over 5,000 hours of data collection and more than 100 real-life crashes, including MotoGP champions, which have proven its reliability.

d-airracing

iS tV ceRtifieD,
D-air puts its claims to the test, with performance and reliability that have been certified following the rigorous procedures of TV SD.

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11 | D-air Racing

D-AiR RAcing / Research and Development

MNCHEN INTERMOT 2000 ADRIA INTERNATIONAL SPEEDWAY 2006 VALENCIA MOTOGP 2007 QATAR MOTOGP 2010

mnchen Intermot 2000 mnchen Intermot 2000 mnchen Intermot 2000 mnchen Intermot 2000 mnchen Intermot 2000 mnchen Intermot 2000 mnchen Intermot 2000 mnchen Intermot 2000 mnchen Intermot 2000 mnchen Intermot 2000 mnchen Intermot 2000 mnchen Intermot 2000 mnchen Intermot 2000 mnchen Intermot 2

ADRIA INTERNATIONAL SPEEDWAY 2006 ADRIA INTERNATIONAL SPEEDWAY 2006 ADRIA INTERNATIONAL SPEEDWAY 2006 ADRIA INTERNATIONAL SPEEDWAY 2006 ADRIA INTERNATIONAL SPEEDWAY 2006 ADRIA INTERNATIONAL SPEEDWAY 2006 ADRIA INTERNATIONAL SPEEDWAY 2006 ADRIA INTERNATIONAL SPEEDWAY 2006 ADRIA INTERNATIONAL SPEEDWAY 2006 ADRIA INTERNATIONAL SPEEDWAY 2

VALENCIA MOTOGP 2007 VALENCIA MOTOGP 2007 VALENCIA MOTOGP 2007 VALENCIA MOTOGP 2007 VALENCIA MOTOGP 2007 VALENCIA MOTOGP 2007 VALENCIA MOTOGP 2007 VALENCIA MOTOGP 2007 VALENCIA MOTOGP 2007 VALENCIA MOTOGP 2007 VALENCIA MOTOGP 2007 VALENCIA MOTOGP 2007 VALENCIA MOTOGP 2007 VALENCIA MOTOGP 2007 VALENCIA MOTOGP 2007 VALENCIA MOTO

QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR MOTOGP 2010 QATAR

13 | D-air Racing

D-AiR RAcing pRotection: WhAt

2 3

d-aIr racIng works In synergy wIth the exIstIng body armour In professIonal racIng leathers, shIeldIng the followIng areas of the rIders body:
1 ShoulderS. 2 neck. 3 collar boneS.

the system brings the extra shoulder protection of an airbag certified both to the current en1621-1 standard and to the future en 1621-4. (tested by tV sd product service gmbh) d-airracing reduces the risk of direct helmet impact on the collar bones. d-airracing limits the inclination of the head in relation to the neck and reduces helmet movement during rolling. d-airracing protection is achieved without compromising the ergonomics and comfort of racing leathers. (ergonomics and comfort tested by tV sd automotive gmbh). d-air racing complies with the relevant parts of the following standards: en60529 / en60950-1:2006+a11:2009 / ece-r10.3:2008 / Iso10605:2008-07 / en71-3 / dIn_en14362 / dIn_en_Iso105-e04 / Iso3071 / dIn53312 / dIn542311. (tested by tV sd product service gmbh)

NOTE: D-airRacing brings its extra protection to leathers exclusively in those events in which it is designed to activate and to the areas of the body shielded by the airbag.

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D-AiR pRotection: the DiffeRence

Tests carried out in accordance with the current European standards for shoulder armour (EN 1621-1/97) show that D-air racing reduces the force transferred by over compared with traditional composite body armour.

85%
* Force transferred

(35 kN)*

35 kN 30 kN 25 kN 20 kN 15 kN 10 kN 5 kN 0 kN
Limit specified by EN1621-1/97 Standard currently in force Traditional composite protection (23-24 kN)*

85% REDUCTION

(3 kN)*

D-air composite protection

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17 | D-air Racing

D-AiR pRotection: When

the tRiggeRing AlgoRithm:

The brain of D-air Racing

d-air racing is designed to provide its additional protection in track use, recognising and activating in the event of: a rider thrown from bike as a result of rear wheel slide followed by sudden recovery of traction (highsider). b loss of front or rear wheel traction followed by rider rolling (lowsider).

In the event of a violent crash, d-air can trigger in less than 15 milliseconds. when the crash dynamics are less sudden, the sophisticated triggering algorithm assesses conditions and can decide upon a longer triggering time. the d-air racing airbag has a deployment time of 30 milliseconds* and reaches its full protection level within 80 milliseconds. Thanks to its intelligent triggering algorithm, D-air Racing can assess the violence of a crash and only trigger when actually necessary in the scenarios considered above. It wont, for example, trigger in falls at speeds of less than 50 km/h or when the crash dynamics dont require the extra protection of an airbag.

The effectiveness and safety of an airbag system is largely determined by the quality of the triggering algorithm, which must be able to distinguish between incipient crash conditions and normal use conditions, including sports use. Conditions that can lead to a crash arise when the front wheel starts to slide during braking on a bend, or when the rear wheel loses traction coming out of a bend. The motorcycle-rider system, which was formerly in equilibrium, becomes unbalanced. This phenomenon is the key to the triggering algorithm.

the trIggerIng algorIthm Is the braIn of d-aIr racIng, analysIng and combInIng the data from the sensors to decIde when to trIgger the system.

Prof. Vittore Cossalter

High side

the decision to consider the rider and motorcycle as a single system rather than two independent systems made it possible to develop a uniquely innovative triggering algorithm that can distinguish between normal riding and a crash something very difficult to achieve on the track, where bikes can reach lean angles of over 50. (Study carried out by the Padua University Dynamotion Unit led by Prof. Vittore Cossalter.)

Low side

* In accordance with pr en 1621-4

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19 | D-air Racing

D-AiR RAcing pRotection: hoW

D-air Racing consists of an electronic system (hardware, triggering algorithm and management software), a pneumatic system (gas generator and airbag) and a support structure that is purpose-designed for its intended use (in this case racing leathers), where the different components are safely and reliably installed.

electRonic SyStem: triggering algorithm and diagnostics managed by dedicated firmware. three accelerometers. three gyroscopes. a gps. 2 gbyte internal memory. user interface (led). lithium polymer battery. pneumAtic SyStem: dainese-patented 3d structure airbag. high-pressure airbag with volume of 4 litres. "cold" technology gas generator.

D-air Racing Electronic system Aluminium inserts with air inlets

Gas Generator Led user interface D-air Racing Pneumatic system

3D Bubble vented lining

GPS antenna

Shoulder protectors

Full Metal Pro gloves Elbow protectors Soft protectors Wave Back protector Aluminium inserts D-skin leather

Bi-axial elasticated inserts Knee protectors Axial Pro In boots

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21 | D-air Racing

D-AiR RAcing eRgonomicS

D-AiR RAcing hAS Won conSoliDAteD AcceptAnce BecAuSe it DoeSn't RequiRe Any chAngeS in RiDeR oR teAm pRActiceS.

D-AiR RAcing iS WiReleSS.

D-AiR RAcing hAS A SpeciAl 3D pAtenteD BAg.

D-AiR RAcing pASSeD the non-intefeRence teSt.

d-air racing works without any connection to the motorcycle. this was an informed design choice that dainese made because a cable has the following drawbacks in track use: > It's very difficult to find an appropriate connecting point on racing bikes. > cable systems don't trip if the rider isn't separated from the motorbike. > Irritating cable flutter at high speed. > the cable can interfere with the rider's freedom of movement. > risk of the system being triggered needlessly or even by accident.

> the d-air racing airbag has a three-dimensional structure providing controlled expansion, which combines with high-pressure inflation to enable it to assume shapes and sizes that have been carefully designed to wrap around and protect the rider's body. > the d-air racing airbag comes in 4 different sizes to offer maximum protection and comfort to all riders. > d-air racing is an independent system that doesn't require any kind of installation on the bike. > the complete airbag system weighs 650g in operating order. > d-air racing has been designed with the benefit of input by world champions such as Valentino rossi and marco simoncelli to ensure maximum rider comfort.

> d-air racing has repeatedly shown on the track and in special tests that it does not interfere with a rider's ability to control their bike even when an event occurs that is sufficiently violent to trigger the system but is not followed by a crash.

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23 | D-air Racing

D-AiR RAcing iS ceRtifieD

The system went through more than 800 single tests.

protectIon standards

pneumatIc system tests (airbag + gas generator) > ageing: the system undergoes hundreds of hours temperature cycling and thermal shocking. > salt spray test: the system is sprayed with saline solution to consider human perspiration. > Dust test: the system is exposed to strong currents of dust-laden air. > vibration test: the system is subjected to strong vibrations. > Drop test: the system is as robust as any conventional racing leathers chemIcal compatIbIlIty tests ensure that the materials used are not hazardous to health in accordance with current standards. battery tests test that the batteries meet current international safety standards. non Interference/controllabIlIty tests > static dummy tests: the system is triggered while the riders head is in the maximum tilted position to ensure that d-air racings high speed inflation does not cause undesirable recoil reactions, pain or a dazed feeling. > Dynamic tests: the system is triggered remotely and unexpectedly while the rider has to perform a complicated riding task. the rider must control the situation at all times. > acoustic safety test: even without ear protection, the noise during inflation is innocuous.

D-aiR RaciNg is a highly iNNOvaTivE pROTEcTiON sysTEm. cuRRENT mOTORcyclE safETy sTaNDaRDs aRE ONly paRTially ablE TO mEET ThE cERTificaTiON NEEDs Of aN aDvaNcED sysTEm.
Which is why TV SD Automotive had to develop a new, more appropriate procedure before subjecting the D-air Racing system to a long series of tests that went far beyond existing standards for personal protective devices.

d-air racing has passed the motorcycle personal protective equipment tests not only of the current european standards but also of the pre-standards that will come into effect in the future: PPe directive 89/686/eec en 1621.1 local protectors en 1621.2 back protectors pren1621.4 airbag protectors

d-air PaSSed racing ev and iS t erY teSt he Fir

St Motor cY SYSteM cle airbag certiFie d bY tv S d.

trIggerIng algorIthm test (functional safety assessment) the algorithm was tested to check its ability to identify the fingerprint of all relevant crash scenarios and verify its robustness against unwanted inflation for all possible voluntary movements. electronIc safety and system test the d-air hardware underwent the following tests to establish its reliability in critical conditions: > Electromagnetic radiation and compatibility: d-air does not interfere with other electronic devices in accordance with automotive standards. > Electromagnetic and electrostatic immunity: the operation of the d-air system is not affected by electromagnetic interference from other electronic devices. > Electrical insulation: the system does not transmit electric shocks to the riders body. > climatic tests: waterproofness to Ip54, humidity resistance and repeated thermal cycles. > vibration test. > Drop test.

Which is Why all ThE D-aiR RaciNg DaTa WE pROviDE DOEsNT cOmE fROm EsTimaTEs OR cONjEcTuRE buT has bEEN mEasuRED aND pROvEN WiTh ThE RigOuR fOR Which Tv sD is RENOWNED.

24 | D-air Racing

25 | D-air Racing

D-AiR RAcing fiRStS

15 milliseconds:
the triggering time D-air Racing can achieve in the most violent crashes.

The features and performance of D-air Racing make it unique and unlike any other airbag protection system for motorcyclists.

4 litres:

the D-air special high-pressure airbag reduces the force transferred to the shoulder by 85% (measured in accordance with standard EN1621-1).

85%:

13 patents:

the exclusive technical features of the system are all patented. the D-air Racing system's triggering algorithm is able to assess the crash dynamics and decide whether or not to deploy the extra protection offered by the system. D-air Racing is the first system to operate without any physical connection to the motorcycle. Which is why all the riders accept it.

D-air Racing doesn't need any kind of sensor to be installed on the bike. D-air Racing features a data acquisition system that can provide riders with valuable information on their track performance. D-air Racing is the first motorcycle airbag to achieve prestigious TV SD certification.

Independence:

the volume of the D-air Racing airbag, which shields: shoulders, collar bones and upper chest area.

7 sensors:

Intelligence:

Telemetry:

650 grammes:

the rider's movements are constantly analysed by a sophisticated array of sensors integrated in the system hardware.

the total weight of the system with the performance described.

Ergonomics:

Certification:

26 | D-air Racing

27 | D-air Racing

the pRoject teAm

of in-Depth teStS
on gas generators, airbags, software and hardware.

of extenSiVe ReSeARch

and development on the ergonomics and comfort of the system.

D-air is the result of research, design, and test programmes begun by D-Tec in 2000

The D-air Racing project has from its very inception involved partners who are leaders in their fields:

D-Tec Dainese Technology Center:

of SimulAtionS AnD teSting

by renowned certification organisations (TNO, MIRA, CIDAUT, TV SD, DEKRA).

Formulation of basic system specifications and development requirements, plus research and development of airbag and leather cover technology.

University of Padua (Dynamotion Unit)

D-AiR fiRStS
oVeR 5,000 houRS' DAtA AcquiSition
using a dedicated inertial platform installed in the racing leathers of World Champions and riders at various levels (continually increasing) as part of our rigorous fine-tuning of the triggering algorithm, the electric brain of the system.

DIMEG Engineering Faculty Prof. Vittore Cossalter: Simulations and development of algorithm and sensors.

2D Data Recording Systems

Diebold & Debus: Data acquisition, hardware and software development, and data acquisition software.

TV SD Automotive GmbH:
Testing and Consulting.

TV SD Product Service GmbH:

Testing and Certification.

ISI:

Gas generator.

Heatcoat Fabrics:
Air-bag fabrics.

moRe thAn 100 fAllS - partly with triggering

and partly without activation (when not necessary) in which the system proved its ability to trigger when and only when necessary.

50 BetA teSteR have tested D-air Racing

in regular track use since July 2010.

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29 | D-air Racing

D-AiRRAcing DAtA AcquiSition SyStem

GPS

USB

D-air Racing features data acquisition software developed by the German company 2D, renowned for supplying some of the top teams in F1 and MotoGP, including the professional systems used by the most prestigious MotoGP Racing Teams.

Sports riders can thus benefit from an effective tool for monitoring their riding performance, which records their telemetry data and allows it to be downloaded so they can display it on their own computers. The extensive functions provided include: > acquisition of lap time data and gps speed. > gps telemetry of bike and diagrams in relation to time. e.g.: assessment of braking spaces and lines through bends. > acquisition of acceleration data. > acquisition of lines and plotting on mini map. > compatible with google earth.

!
> > >

D-airRacing pRecAutionS The product is homologated and optimized for use on closed racetracks. Before using the product always make sure that the user interface indicates that the system is in full operating order. Carefully Read the User Information and User Manual Supplied with the product.

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31 | D-air Racing

D-AiR RAcing cuStomiSAtion AnD SeRVice optionS

D-airRacing is an intelligent protection system that can be customised to meet each users needs and preferences.

CUSTOM COVERS. CUSTOM COLOURS. ADDITION OF SPONSOR NAMES, LOGOS AND MESSAGES. MAINTENANCE SERVICE
(When you buy a D-air Racing system you also have the option of taking out a maintenance contract. )

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33 | D-air Racing

theReS A DiffeRence BetWeen A BAg of AiR AnD pRotection.

read all about it:

A geneRic AiRBAg oR D-AiR RAcing?

Accidents on the road are very different from spills on the racetrack. D-air Racing has been designed specifically for track use, which makes it both more effective and more efficient. World champions Valentino Rossi and Marco Simoncelli can testify to that.

The only reliable way to judge a systems speed (or lack of it) is to know its Total Intervention Time. Total Intervention Time (TINT) = Triggering Time (TT) + Inflation Time (IT) Giving just one of these two component times (TT or IT) simply doesnt tell you enough to judge how effective a system is, and could hide the technological inadequacy of the system being considered. In exceptionally severe crashes, D-air Racing can identify the crash event and deploy the airbag in a TINT of just 45 ms*. The bag reaches the full protection performances with a TINT of 95 milliseconds.

Even its deflation is calibrated. The airbag actually deflates automatically after it has performed its protective role, enabling the rider to race off again if possible.

the problems you can get with other systems when you forget to switch them on or off. And of course its high ergonomic standards have been tested and certified by the TV.

The gas generator

cABleS oR intelligent pRotection SyStem?

D-air Racings activation technology is far more advanced and intelligent than a simple cable, using a sophisticated triggering algorithm that can actually distinguish between different types of crashes and decide if, how and when to deploy the airbag. When the situation requires, D-air Racing deploys at top speed. But when the crash dynamics dont warrant it, the system wont activate at all, saving unnecessary inspection and refitting costs.

D-air Racing uses a highly-reliable automotive gas generator. Cold technology automotive gas generators are extremely safe and undergo rigorous testing to ensure their performance and reliability over time. Whats more, they can achieve inflation speeds that are 4 to 10 times faster than CO2 generators.

clAimeD peRfoRmAnce oR ceRtifieD peRfoRmAnce?

Every D-air Racing performance parameter has been verified and certified by the TV SD, a body with leading technological expertise in protection systems and airbag technology. Having passed the tests of European Standards EN 1621-1 and EN 1621-2, plus draft standard prEN 1621-4, the system underwent a further series of demanding tests to verify: ergonomics, airbag, algorithm, electronics, functional safety, batteries, chemistry, protectors. Another highly important test is the non-interference test, which gives you the assurance that even if your airbag is activated without a crash occurring, it wont prevent you from controlling your bike. All airbags are not equal. Their protection levels can vary greatly. Pay careful attention to a manufacturers claims and the reference standards of their declared performance.

fRAnkenStein oR eRgonomicS?
D-air Racing is built on the D-air protection platform, around which all the other components in the protection system were designed. In other words, its not some Frankenstein organ transplant of an alien system, but a totally new design that combines innovative and traditional protection systems in a synergistic whole that optimises ergonomics, comfort and weight. D-air Racing is a completely independent system (see point 2) that doesnt require any kind of installation on the bike. D-air Racing doesnt force the rider to make any changes in their racing habits. The way you switch it on, put it in stand-by and switch it off makes it user-friendly and frees you from any of

BAgS of AiR oR cAliBRAteD inflAtion?

The D-air Racing airbag boasts patented Dainese construction technology that makes it unique. Combining high-pressure inflation and a special internal structure, it assumes a body-hugging shape that provides outstanding rider protection. The inflation pressure and airbag volume are two factors that have a decisive influence on the systems ability to protect the body areas covered. The anatomically preformed D-air airbag has a volume of 4 litres and is inflated to a high pressure.

The airbag

For an airbag to provide effective protection, it obviously needs to deploy in the protected area before a severe impact can occur.

* In accordance with pr en 1621-4

WhAt numBeRS cAn you count on?

D-air Racing Authorised Dealers

united kingdoM P & h MotorcYcleS ltd 61-63 gatwick road crawley, west sussex rh10 9rd gb 0044 1293413300 inFinitY MotorcYcleS ltd Farnboroug 149 lynchford road farnborough, hants gu14 6hg gb 0044 1252400000 Ja & JM duFF t/a bike StoP 104 high street dw steVenage, herts sg1 3 gb 0044 1438317038 ridgecaStle ltd t/a Silver Machine Pro ShoP 10 - 11 worcester st. wolVerhampton wV2 4ld gb 0044 1902424921 trackMargin t/a daineSe Pro ShoP briStol 31, old market street brIstol bs2 ohd gb 0044 1179252366 d-Store MancheSter unit 1 portland street manchester m1 3be gb 00441612368948 netherlandS terMaat Motoren hertogstraat 74 6511 se nIJmegen netherlands 31243229575 arie Molenaar MotorS einsteinweg, 4 3404 lk IJsselsteIn netherlands 0031306881228 ten kate Motoren b.v. rollecate, 55 7711gg nIeuwleusen netherlands 0031529488810 MotoModa v.o.F hoogstraat 242Z 5615 eIndhoVen netherlands 0031 402910747 belgiuM biMoto kortrijksesteenweg 241a 9830 st.-martens latem belgIum 003292810204 Sweden Zaeta Motor aminogatan, 23 43153 moelndal sVeZIa 0046317001710 lelleS Mc-center numansgatan, 6 75106 uppsala sVeZIa 004618711466 eaStern euroPe avto-triglav doo dunajska 122 1113 lJublJana sloVenIa 0038615884550 d-Store MoScow kutusovskiy prospect 1/7 121248 moscow russIa 007-499-2435441 hatabi kFt Vaci ut, 40 1132 budapest ungherIa 003612394964 koMbineZon ul. Zwyciestwa, 276 75653 kosZalIn poland 00480943403848 wind-Snow-Moto ul. opolska 18 31323 krakow poland 0048 12 4169210 a SPirit Vrbova 19 14700 - praha 4 cZech republIc 00420 241 490 666 unite MotorS international soseaua pipera, nr 44 sector 2 014254 bucharest romanIa 0040212332130 d-garage koZina mestni tgr 8 6240 koZIna slo 0038 615309650 norwaY YaMaha vinterbro sjoskogenvn, 7 1407 VInterbro oslo norVegIa 004764977900 Finland rM heino hiirisuontie 2, 02970 espoo fInland 00358106170679

It was quite a crash! But apart from the injury to my leg, I was surprised to find I didnt even have any bruising on my shoulder the day afterwards.

The airbag worked perfectly. Its a great achievement, especially considering that the leathers lose nothing in comfort. You can hardly feel its there.

Valentino Rossi, Mugello 2010

DAINESE.COM

Copyright 2011 DAINESE S.p.A. All rights reserved. DAINESE S.p.A. reserves the right to change product specifications at any time without incurring obligations. d-air, d-air racing and d-tec are registered trademarks of daineSe S.p.a. via dellArtigianato n. 35 36060 Molvena (VI) daineSe S.p.a. Head quarter: Via dellEconomia, 91 36100 Vicenza (VI)